课时提升作业(三十一)
选修10 Units 3、4
(建议用时30分钟)
. 单项填空
1. Nine major provincial satellite channels have singing competitions on air, ________ three more lining up to run, according to local media reports.
A. for B. over
C. with
D. beyond
【解析】选C。考查with复合结构。句意: 据当地媒体报道, 九大省级卫星频道都在播出歌唱比赛节目, 另有三家正准备加入这个行列。
【加固训练】
The living room is clean and tidy, with a dining table already ________ for a meal to be cooked.
A. laid
B. laying
C. to lay
D. being laid
【解析】选A。考查非谓语动词。句意: 客厅干净、整洁, 一张餐桌已经摆好……分析句子结构可知, 此句为with复合结构, 其中lay与a dining table之间为逻辑上的动宾关系, 故要用过去分词。
2. (2017·建湖模拟)People can find so many good things, such as useful information and lovely pictures on the web, ________ it is also a global village filled with bad things.
A. what
B. when
C. where
D. while
【解析】选D。while并列连词, 意为“然而; 可是”, 表示对比。句意: 人们能在网上找到很多好东西, 如有用的信息, 精美的图片; 可是网络也是一个充满负面东西的地球村。what什么; when何时; where哪里; 均不符合句意。
【加固训练】
________ many countries in Latin America have been trying to reduce gaps in income, America has allowed inequality to grow.
A. While
B. Since
C. If
D. Where
【解析】选A。考查状语从句。句意: 尽管拉丁美洲的许多国家在努力缩小收入差距, 然而美国却允许这种不平等继续增长。此处前后两句表示意义转折, 故使用while表示“尽管”。
3. After three years of hard work, his knowledge and ________ were finally recognized in our school.
A. conscience B. competence
C. conversation
D. convenience
【解析】选B。考查名词辨析。句意: 经过三年的努力奋斗, 他的知识和能力最终在我们学校得到了认可。conscience“良心, 良知”; competence“能力”; conversation“谈话”; convenience“方便”。结合句意, 此处选用competence。
4. We should consider the students’ request that the school library ________ more books on popular science.
A. provide
B. will provide
C. provides
D. can provide
【解析】选A。句意: 我们应该考虑学生提出的让学校图书馆增加受欢迎的科技书籍的要求。request后的从句应该使用should+动词原形, should省略, 因此选A。
5. (2017·连云港模拟)It was ________ of them to have sent the old people and children to safety in case the flood destroyed their village.
A. tolerant B. considerate
C. typical
D. compulsory
【解析】选B。考查形容词的用法。句意: 他们把老年人和孩子送到安全的地方以防洪水毁坏村庄的做法是很周到的。considerate体贴的, 周到的, 符合句意。tolerant忍受的; typical典型的; compulsory义务的。
6. The minister said, “We are ready for discussions with any legal parties, but we’ll never ________ with criminals. ”
A. negotiate
B. quarrel
C. argue
D. consult
【解析】选A。句意: 部长说: “我们愿意与任何合法党派进行讨论, 但我们决不与犯罪分子谈判。”negotiate谈判; quarrel吵架, 争吵; argue辩论, 争辩; consult商议, 咨询。
7. The family as well as their dog ________ on the roof by the flood last week.
A. was trapped B. trapped
C. were trapped
D. would trap
【解析】选C。句意: 上周, 那家人还有他们饲养的狗都被洪水困在了屋顶。as well as连接并列成分作主语时, 谓语动词与前面的名词或代词保持一致。“The family”在这里指的是一家人, 所以谓语动词用复数形式, 且人是被洪水困住的, 所以应用被动语态。
8. (2017·江阴模拟)The new policy will encourage the“4-2-2”rather than“4-2-1”family unit, making ________ possible for family manpower resources to take care of aging parents in the future.
A. this
B. that
C. it
D. one
【解析】选C。句意: 新政策鼓励4-2-2家庭模式而不是4-2-1家庭模式, 使得未来以家庭的力量养老成为可能。it代替不定式的复合结构for family manpower resources to take care of aging parents in the future作形式宾语。
【加固训练】
I must thank my parents ________ to be a college student.
A. to make it possible for me
B. to make it possible to me
C. for making it possible for me
D. for making it possible to me
【解析】选C。由固定搭配thank sb. for doing sth. 可以排除A、B两项; make it possible for sb. to do sth. 中it是形式宾语; for sb. to do sth. 是不定式作真正的宾语, 可以判定C项正确。
9. Some Chinese parents are sending their children, at huge expense, to international schools for ________ they believe to be a superior education.
A. which
B. what
C. that
D. where
【解析】选B。句意: 一些中国家长花一大笔钱把他们的孩子送到国际学校接受他们认为是更好的教育。分析句子结构可知, “ ________ they believe to be a superior education”是宾语从句, 且空格处在宾语从句中作“believe”的宾语, 故用what。
10. Education and police authorities in China have launched a campaign to ________ sales of equipment designed for cheating in the national college entrance exam.
A. wipe out
B. break out
C. take out
D. carry out
【解析】选A。句意: 中国教育部门和警方发起一项运动以彻底清除高考作弊设备的销售。wipe out彻底消灭; break out爆发; take out取出; carry out执行; 实施。
【加固训练】
It has been several months since he ________ the fuel tank.
A. wiped away B. wiped off
C. wiped out
D. wiped up
【解析】选C。句意: 他好几个月没有擦洗油箱了。wipe out擦净……的内部, 符合句意。wipe away消除; wipe off把……擦掉; wipe up擦干, 擦掉, 擦净。只有C项符合句意。
11. The police ________ that the driver killed the girl because she was missing after she got into his car by mistake.
A. doubted B. suspected
C. inspected
D. respected
【解析】选B。句意: 警察怀疑司机杀了那个女孩, 因为女孩是错上了他的车后失踪的。doubt怀疑, 用于肯定句时, 用whether引导后面的宾语从句; C项意为“视察, 检查”; D项意为“尊敬”与句意不符。
【拓展延伸】suspect与doubt
(1)若后接名词、代词或名词性词组, 两者基本上可通用, 表示一种否定的语义, 意为“不相信”。
I doubt/suspect the truth of her statement.
我对她那番话的真实性表示怀疑。
(2)若后接that从句, doubt表示一种否定的语义, 意为“无把握; 不相信”; suspect表示一种肯定的语义, 意为“相信; 猜想; 觉得”。
I doubt that he is ill.
我不相信他病了。/我怀疑他没有生病。
I suspect that he is ill.
我猜想他病了。/我怀疑他病了。
这时doubt更多用于否定句或疑问句中。
I don’t doubt that he is right. 我确信他是对的。
(3)doubt用于肯定句中时, 多接whether/if引导的从句, 意为“不敢肯定”。而suspect不可接这种从句。
I doubt whether/if he’ll come.
我不敢肯定他来不来。
(4)其他搭配。
suspect sb. to be相信/猜想某人是
suspect sb. of(doing)sth. 怀疑(某人有罪)
I suspected him to be the spy.
我认为他就是那个间谍。
What made you suspect her of having taken the money?
你凭什么怀疑钱是她偷的?
12. (2017·长沙模拟)Damage caused by flooding in the small town ________ by a government official, and the total loss was reported last Monday.
A. is inspected B. is being inspected
C. was being inspected
D. had been inspected
【解析】选D。句意: 洪水对小镇造成的危害已经被政府官员视察, 并于上周一报道了总损失。只有先视察, 才能报道损失, 因此用过去完成时, 表示动作先于后面的动作。
13. —How did she lose so much weight as expected?
— ________ eating less, she jogged for several miles every day.
A. In spite of B. In addition to
C. Instead of
D. Thanks to
【解析】选B。考查介词短语辨析。句意: ——她怎样如愿地瘦了这么多? ——除了少吃外, 她每天还慢跑几英里。in addition to意为“除了……还……”, 符合语境。
14. A lot of language learning, ________ has been discovered, is happening in the first year of life, so parents should talk much to their children during that period.
A. as B. it
C. which
D. this
【解析】选A。考查定语从句。句意: 正如所发现的那样, 大量的语言学习是在出生后的第一年发生的, 所以父母应当在那一时期多和孩子说话。分析句子结构可知, “ ________ has been discovered”为非限制性定语从句, 又因空处指代“A lot of language learning is happening in the first year of life”整个句子, 故用as。
15. ________ how to judge a person, my personal opinion is mainly through his attitude towards the work.
A. Including
B. Considering
C. Supposing
D. Providing解析】选B。句意: 对于如何判别一个人, 我个人的观点是主要通过他对工作的态度。including“包括”; considering“就……而言”; supposing“假如”; providing“以……为条件, 假如”。
. 阅读理解
Facebook now has 1. 32 billion monthly active users, an increase of about 40 million from the previous quarter. Mobile usage continues to grow, with the social network now having 1. 07 billion monthly active users on mobile devices, up from 1. 01 billion in the previous quarter.
With increased mobile usage, mobile advertising continues to make up a bigger share of Facebook’s revenue pie. Mobile ads accounted for 62 percent of the company’s $2. 7 billion in ad revenue for the quarter, up from a 59 percent share in the previous quarter and a 41 percent share during the same period last year. It’s a obvious change from Facebook’s early days as a public company, when the social network’s stock(股票)went down sharply because people were afraid it couldn’t convert its growing desktop business to mobile.
Anna Stoehr, the oldest resident of Minnesota, signed up for Facebook just in time to get all those “happy birthday” wall posts when she turns 114 this weekend.
However, there was a slight problem in the process: 1900, the actual year of her birth, wasn’t an option when she tried to fill out her profile(档案). So Stoehr shaved 15 years off her age and pretended to be a spry 99-year-old to join the social network, she told news station KARE 11 in Minneapolis. (The earliest birth year listed on Facebook profiles is 1905. )
Stoehr’s interest in technology began when a Verizon sales rep, who sold a smartphone to her 85-year-old son, made friends with her. Since then, this man has been teaching her how to use the Internet. She even uses her iPad to FaceTime with people around the world. Though Stoehr has learned a lot from her tech-savvy(精通技术的)new friends, she’s quick to point out she has plenty to teach younger generations, too.
【文章大意】如今, Facebook每月有13. 2亿活跃用户, 它甚至吸引了114岁的Anna Stoehr, 她是明尼苏达州最高龄的居民, 在她本周末114岁生日到来之际, 也完成了Facebook的注册。1. From Paragraph 1, we know ________ .
A. mobile devices contribute to the quick development of Facebook
B. Facebook is not so popular as it used to be
C. Facebook is a social network only used on the Internet
D. the users of Facebook are only young people
【解析】选A。推理判断题。手机业务的使用促进了Facebook的快速发展。故选A。
2. The reason why Facebook’s stock once declined was that ________ .
A. Facebook was not well organized
B. Facebook was not well known
C. people lacked confidence in it
D. people had no interest in it【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第二段的最后一句可知, 由于人们担心它不能从持续增长的桌面业务转向手机业务, 其股价大幅下跌。故选C。
3. Why did Anna Stoehr change her age when signing up for Facebook?
A. Because she wants to be younger.
B. Because Facebook refuses users of over 100 years old.
C. Because Facebook only offers service to young people.
D. Because she is beyond the age limit in Facebook.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第四段的The earliest birth year listed on Facebook profiles is 1905. 可知, 她超出了Facebook设定的年龄限制。故选D。
4. Who has been teaching Anna Stoehr to learn how to use the Internet?
A. Her 85-year-old son.
B. A Verizon sales rep.
C. One of Anna Stoehr’s online friends.
D. One of Facebook’s clerks.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第五段的内容可知, Stoehr对于科技(产品)的兴趣来源于Verizon的一个销售代表。当时这个销售代表把一部智能手机卖给了她85岁的儿子, 后来这位代表和Stoehr成了好友。自那以后, 销售代表教Stoehr如何使用互联网。故选B。
5. According to the passage, we can know Anna Stoehr is ________ .
A. crazy and abnormal
B. optimistic and intelligent
C. humorous and hardworking
D. fashionable and knowledgeable
【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据文章中对Anna Stoehr的描写, 可知她是一个追求时尚的、有见识的人。所以选D。
Ⅲ. 任务型阅读
(2017·南京模拟)
请阅读下面短文, 并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。
注意: 每个空格只填一个单词。
Leadership Training on the Importance of Cooperation
As we all know in order for a team to be successful they need to be able to effectively work together. Without cooperation within the team all of the members won’t be able to function at their fullest potential. And as a leader it would be your job to achieve cooperation within the whole team for only through this will you be able to achieve your goal with your team. This article will be helping you discover ways to bring out cooperation from the whole team. This would be teaching you on how to work with people through partnership which is based on mutual trust and respect. These are the vital things needed for the development of cooperation and teamwork which you need to focus in your leadership training.
Be loyal to your team
An organization is divided into two groups, the employees and the management. Most of the time the interests of the two groups don’t go together and as a leader you would commonly be caught in between. You are a member of the management but you are working hand in hand with the employees. You also need to show concern for your team. Be on their side yet not compromising the management’s side. Let them understand that you know where they’re coming from. Through this you will gain their loyalty which is the basic component of cooperation.
Gain their trust
Gaining the trust of your members doesn’t only give the chance to develop cooperation within the team. It also gives you the chance to gain loyalty from them. By gaining their loyalty they will be able to follow you without hesitation and doubt. However, gaining a person’s trust is more easily said than done but the most important thing required to gain a person’s trust is being genuine and consistent. Be always fair on all your members at all time.
Don’t make them feel you’re just after your gains
In building a connection with your team, you should always make them feel that you’re not just using them for your own gains. You should learn that people don’t like the feeling of being used by others. They would be discouraged and would tend not to do their best if they feel that way. You should make them feel that you’re pushing them not only for your own gains but also for their benefits. Avoid making them feel that you are just using them for your own reasons.
A team won’t ever be successful without teamwork and cooperation. Therefore as a leader try your best to inspire teamwork on your team. Be a role model to your team and always show them that you are a teamplayer. This would greatly encourage your team to follow your example.
1. 【解析】success。根据文章第一段第一句话: As we all know in order for a team to be successful they need to be able to effectively work together. achieve one’s success获得成功。
2. 【解析】fail。根据第二段第二句话: Most of the time the interests of the two groups don’t go together and as a leader you would commonly be caught in between. 可知。
3. 【解析】concern。根据第二段第四句话: You also need to show concern for your team. 可知。
4. 【解析】hesitate。根据第三段第三句话: By gaining their loyalty they will be able to follow you without hesitation and doubt. 可知。
5. 【解析】easy。根据第三段第四句话: However, gaining a person’s trust is more easily said than done可知。
6. 【解析】fairly。根据第三段最后一句话: Be always fair on all your members at all time. 可知。
7. 【解析】use。根据第四段第一句话: In building a connection with your team, you should always make them feel that you’re not just using them for your own gains. use等于make use of。
8. 【解析】hate。根据第四段第二句话: don’t like=hate。
9. 【解析】discourage/stop/prevent/keep/block。根据第四段第三句话: They would be discouraged and would tend not to do their best if they feel that way. 可知。
10. 【解析】example。根据最后一段倒数第二句话: Be a role model to your team and always show them that you are a teamplayer. role model意思是example