Module3 The Violence of Nature
Ⅰ.阅读理解(共两节)
第一节 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中，选出最佳选项。
TAPPING(窃听)phones is probably one of the most common techniques in spy(谍战)movies.But when it takes place in real life with the world's top leaders as victims(受害者)，it is a story much more thrilling than any film.
The drama started when documents(文件)were leaked(泄露)by Edward Snowden，the former CIA employee(雇员)and National Security Agency(NSA) contractor(订约人)．According to The Guardian，the documents revealed that the phone conversations of 35 world leaders were monitored by the NSA.
The NSA encourages senior officials in its “customer” departments，such as the White House，to give the NSA their rolodexes(通讯录)．The agency can then add the phones of leading foreign politicians to their target lists.
The NSA has also been operating 80 special collection services around the world，according to German magazine Der Spiegel.
Needless to say，US President Barack Obama has been busy taking calls from European leaders to talk about these issues.
French President Francois Hollande is one such leader.He is complaining about the document showing that US intelligence agencies gathered more than 70 million pieces of data from phone communications in France in just 30 days，according to AFP.
Another is German Chancellor Angela Merkel.She angrily called Obama to make sure that her cell phone was not tapped.
The White House press secretary Jay Carney said the US “is not monitoring and will not monitor” Merkel's communications.But German officials pointed out that the US did not deny monitoring the phone in the past.
So why has the US been spying on its allies(盟友)？According to Jeffrey Richelson，author of the book The US Intelligence Community，it's because the countries don't have identical(同样的)interests.“There are very few allies that are so close that there's no point in collecting intelligence，” said Richelson.
China has not been spared from US monitoring，either，according to Der Spiegel.US listening posts(监听站)have been built in many cities in China such as Beijing，Shanghai，Chengdu，Hong Kong and Taipei.
“Countries like China and Russia，who may fall in the category of an American ‘rival(对手)’，can only imagine the extent(程度)of US tapping，” noted China Daily.
Calling cybersecurity(网络安全)“a matter of sovereignty(主权)”，Foreign Ministry spokeswoman Hua Chunying said China will take necessary measures to safeguard information security，China Daily reported on Oct 31.
【语篇解读】 本文是资讯报导。报导了美国窃听风暴波及全球，引起了各国的强烈抗议。
1．Which following is true according to the passage?
A．Edward Snowden monitored the phone conversations of 35 world leaders.
B．White House encourages senior officials to give the NSA their rolodexes.
C．US intelligence agencies gathered more than 70 million pieces of data from phone communications in Germany.
D．German Chancellor Angela Merkel angrily called Obama for her cell phone was tapped.
解析：选D。细节理解题。由文中前八段可知D项正确。
2．The underlined word “spared” in the 10th paragraph probably means________.
A．intended B．unoccupied
C．escaped
D．included
解析：选C。由语境中可知spare的意思是“幸免”的意思。
3．What's the author's attitude towards US monitoring the phone?
A．He supports it.
B．He doubts it.
C．He argues against it.
D．He is neutral about it.
解析：选C。推理判断题。由文中可以看出作者对美国窃听行为持批判态度，故选C。
4．What could be the best title for the passage?
A．Spy on the world
B．Cybersecurity is a matter of sovereignty
C．Technigues in spy movies
D．The US Intelligence Community
解析：选A。本文全都是围绕美国窃听风暴波及全球这一事件展开论述的。
第二节 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
Writing film reviews
Writing a film review needs your patience to watch a film with a critical eye，recognize all the information about it and then write a detailed film review.1.____________A good review is not just a summary of a movie，but a critical analysis that examines why and how a movie works and whether the film succeeds in its presentation.
When writing a film review，always consider who the intended audience is for the film and the audience you are writing for.2.____________Additionally，it should show clearly that you not only viewed the movie，but also read the novel or play which formed the basis of the movie.
You should focus your review around a larger argument，such as why the film works or fails to work and what are both the successful and unsuccessful elements.3.____________A good film review uses scenes and dialogue from the film to support its larger argument.Moreover，a good review focuses on whether and how a movie works and whether the reviewer recommends it.Finally，a good reviewer shows how a movie works psychologically，emotionally，intellectually，and even spiritually.
4．____________Writing a review requires attention on the process of creating a well－structured paper.
If you want your film review to be well written，you should follow these simple steps：5.____________Always include information on the director，main characters，historical period used in this film，editing and camera work.Write an outline and a thesis statement for your film review.Be creative and hardworking so that you have chances for a good grade.
Writing a film review may take much time and effort for you as a student，but is easy for our experienced writers and researchers.Our writers are adept at composing reviews characterized by a deep insight into the content of the work.
A．Watch a film with a critical eye.
B．Your writing is intended to be persuasive.
C．It is absolutely not an easy job.
D．Discuss some specific elements in the review.
E．Watching a film is more pleasant than writing a review.
F．Ask them to help you with the film review.
G．Make sure that you have a thesis and supporting arguments.
1．解析：选C。根据空格前面的needs your patience to和后面的A good review is not just a summary of a movie，but a critical analysis that examines...这些都表明了写影评是一件不容易的工作，与C项意思是呼应的。
2．解析：选B。根据空格前面的When writing a film review，always...are writing for.中的writing for可知，你写的影评要知道是写给谁的，因此与B项中的persuasive是互相联系的。
3．解析：选G。根据本段的第一句话You should focus your review around a larger argument中的a larger argument和空格后面的A good film review uses scenes and dialogue from the film to support its larger argument.中的argument，与G中的supporting arguments是一致的。
4．解析：选E。根据空格后面的Writing a review requires attention on the process of creating a well－structured paper.中的requires attention可知，写影评不是一件容易的事情，与E项的意思是相呼应的。
5．解析：选A。根据空格前面的these simple steps和第一段中提到的a critical analysis that examines和A选项Watch a film with a critical eye.是一致的。
Ⅱ.完形填空
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项中选取最佳选项。
(2017·高考安徽卷)In 2017，I had just recovered from a serious illness when I received an invitation to a writer's conference in Orlando，Florida.My family persuaded me that a(n)__1__might be just what the doctor ordered，so off I__2__.
Arriving in the Sunshine State was rather tiring，but I__3__to catch a taxi to my__4__and settle in.Next morning，I took another__5__to the shopping centre to buy a few souvenirs.__6__I went to a café to have lunch，but all the tables were__7__.Then I heard a friendly voice saying，“You can__8__my table.”
I gratefully sat down with the__9__lady and we had a happy lunch together.As the__10__drew to a close she asked how long I would be in Orlando.I had already told her that I hadn't__11__a car，and hadn't realised how __12__taking taxis would be.After a while she said，“My dear，don't use any more taxis.I'm retired and it would be my pleasure to__13__you wherever you wish.”I told her that I couldn't put her to that__14__，but she brushed aside my protests(反对)．She asked me where I was__15__and next morning she was waiting at my apartment at the__16__time to take me to Disney World.She spent some time with me before leaving me to __17__alone.At the end of the day，she__18__to take me back to my accommodation.I__19__her money but she refused to take any.
I'll never forget that wonderful lady who，through her__20__，filled my brief holiday in Florida with wonderful memories.
1．A.holidayB．ceremony
C．operation
D．experiment
解析：选A。根据第一段第一句、第二句“...just what the doctor ordered...”以及最后一段“...filled my brief holiday...”的提示，可知本空为holiday。这句话的意思是：我的家人劝说我，假期也正好是医生要求的，因此我就去了。故选A项。
2．A.kept
B．went
C．dropped
D．knocked
解析：选B。解析参照1题。
3．A.intended
B．promised
C．managed
D．deserved
解析：选C。根据第二段第一句中的“...rather tiring，but I．..”可知，作者克服了困难，最终打了个出租车去了住宿地点。这句话的意思是：到达阳光之州令人相当疲劳，但我还是设法打了辆出租车去了住宿地点并且住下来。故选C项。
4．A.hospital
B．company
C．university
D．accommodation
解析：选D。由第一段可知，作者去外地开会，因此排除A、B、C三项，同时第三段最后一句“...take me back to my accommodation.”也有提示，故D项正确。
5．A.colleague
B．passenger
C．suitcase
D．taxi
解析：选D。根据本句中“another”一词可知，前面已出现过一次，由上一句内容可知为出租车，故D项正确。
6．A.Instead
B．First
C．Later
D．Once
解析：选C。此处表示时间上的先后顺序，第二天早上(next morning)先购物，午餐(lunch)在后，故选C项，later此处表示“此后”。
7．A.classified
B．occupied
C．decorated
D．painted
解析：选B。所有的桌子都满了，因此才出现后面老太太和作者共用一张餐桌。classify“分类”；occupy“占据”；decorate“装饰”；paint“画，漆”。故选B项。
8．A.share
B．reserve
C．set
D．possess
解析：选A。由下文可知，老太太提出和作者共用一张餐桌。share“分享，共享”；reserve“保留，预订”；set“设置”；possess“拥有”。故选A项。
9．A.old
B．poor
C．innocent
D．stubborn
解析：选A。根据第三段第五句“I'm retired(退休)．..”可知A项正确。
10．A.journey
B．meal
C．speech
D．interview
解析：选B。由上句“...we had a happy lunch together”可知，这里是“进餐”。这句话的意思是：就在午餐快吃完的时候，她问我在奥兰多要待多长时间。故选B项。
11．A.donated
B．repaired
C．hired
D．guided
解析：选C。这句话的意思是：我早已告诉她我以前从来没有租过车，没有意识到乘出租车会这么贵。因此才引出下文，老太太主动提出她开车带“我”去转转。故选C项。
12．A.convenient
B．worthwhile
C．unfortunate
D．expensive
解析：选D。解析参照11题。
13．A.inspire
B．entertain
C．call
D．drive
解析：选D。inspire“激励”；entertain“招待”；call“叫，打电话”；drive“驾驶，用车送”。根据下文老太太开车带着作者四处转，可知D项正确。
14．A.business
B．argument
C．trouble
D．challenge
解析：选C。根据下一句“...but she brushed aside my protests”可知，作者不想给这位老太太添麻烦，但老太太对作者的反对置之不理。brush aside“不理，漠视”。故选C项。
15．A.working
B．staying
C．moving
D．shopping
解析：选B。work“工作”；stay“停留，住在”；move“移动”；shop“购物”。由全文可知，作者去开会，顺便度假，因此是短暂停留，故选B项。
16．A.appointed
B．limited
C．favourite
D．regular
解析：选A。前面信息是老太太坚持用车带“我”四处转转，并问我的住宿地点，这里应该是约好时间的。appoint“约定，指派”；limit“限制”；favourite“特别喜爱的”；regular“定期的”。故选A项。
17．A.digest
B．explore
C．perform
D．calculate
解析：选B。digest“消化”；explore“探究，探险”；perform“表现”；calculate“计算”。这句话的意思是：老太太离开了一段时间，让我自己独自游玩。只有explore与旅游有关，故选B项。
18．A.forgot
B．refused
C．returned
D．preferred
解析：选C。由本句“...take me back to my accommodation”可知，在天色将晚时，老太太返回把“我”送回到住宿地点。故选C项。
19．A.sent
B．lent
C．offered
D．owed
解析：选C。send“送”；lend“借”；offer“提供；主动给……”；owe“欠”。这句话的意思是：我主动给老太太钱，但她不要一分钱。故选C项。
20．A.confidence
B．dignity
C．curiosity
D．kindness
解析：选D。confidence“信心”；dignity“尊严，高贵”；curiosity“好奇心”；kindness“善良，善心”。根据老太太的一系列表现可知，这都是一种善意的帮助。故选D项。
Ⅲ.语法填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
__1__being Sunday，I decided to sleep late.But it wasn't long__2__I realized that I had to go to the bookstore to get a reference book our teacher had asked us to buy.__3__(fear) they would be sold out before I got one，I got up and headed for the bookstore.It was three blocks away，and pretty soon I reached__4__shop.It was not until I entered the shop that it came to my__5__that I forgot to bring any money on me.This meant I__6__do nothing but return home for the money.
__7__，I ran all the way home to fetch the money.After a while，I returned to the shop and bought the book that I wanted.Reading the pages of it，I__8__(feel) it my duty to do well in my studies，and I was sure I could make it.
There will be a few months before I take the College Entrance Examination，and I'll work still__9__(hard) at my lessons.Though there may be difficulties for me，I'm confident that I can achieve my aim and make it into college.I owe it to my parents__10__they've done so much for me，so that I can concentrate on my studies.
1．________2.________3.________4.________
5．________6.________7.________8.________
9．________10.________
1．解析：考查代词。这里的独立主格结构中，it指时间。句意：这天是星期天。
答案：It
2．解析：考查状语从句。句式“it is/was not long＋before从句”表示“没过多久……(就)”。
答案：before
3．解析：考查非谓语动词。这里动词用fear的现在分词形式，作原因状语。我担心还没等我买到一本，那些书就被卖完了。
答案：Fearing
4．解析：考查冠词。这里名词shop指前面提到的bookstore，故空格处应该填定冠词，表特指。
答案：the
5．解析：考查名词搭配。“it came to my notice＋that从句”表示“我注意到……”。
答案：notice
6．解析：考查情态动词。这里用could do nothing but表示“只好(做某事)”。
答案：could
7．解析：考查副词。这里表示顺接关系，so或therefore表示“因此”。
答案：Therefore/So
8．解析：考查时态。语境叙述的是过去的事情，用feel过去式。
答案：felt
9．解析：考查比较级。work hard表示“努力学习”，比较级harder与前面的修饰语still呼应，此处表示“更加努力学习”。
答案：harder
10．解析：考查名词从句。句中it作形式宾语，此处that引导宾语从句，连接词在从句中不作任何成分，只起连接作用。
答案：that
Ⅳ.微型写作
【写作素材】
1．在整个旅途中，孩子们都静不下来。
2．他们几乎一路都在高兴地交谈着。
3．当他们看到远处的枫叶，禁不住激动地尖叫起来。
【连句成篇】 (将以上句子连成一篇50词左右的英语短文)
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答案：During the whole trip，children found it hard to settle down.They chatted merrily all the way.When they caught sight of the red maple leaves in the distance，they couldn’t help screaming excitedly.