题组层级快练(十三)
Ⅰ.完形填空
I am a 17-year-old college student. Something I came across today touched me, so I decided to ___1___ it.
After a long and boring morning at college, I was ___2___ at the bus station for my bus. While standing there, I was thinking about how ___3___ the week had been when this gentleman came and stood next to me. After a while he ___4___ talking to me, mainly about the buses and bus drivers. He had ___5___ noticed that I was feeling down, as he told me to cheer up and told a ___6___. This then turned into a casual ___7___ as we waited for the bus, which was late ___8___.
He introduced himself to me and told me it was ___9___ to meet me.
Then the bus finally ___10___. We both got on the bus, and he sat in front of me, and we ___11___ talking. At this point all my ___12___ thoughts about the week were starting to ___13___. He asked me what I was doing at college, and what I was planning to do ___14___ I graduated. He wished me luck and told me he had his fingers crossed for me.
He then ___15___ me a piece of paper, with “Ten ideas for kindness” on it and a link to a website. When I got off the bus, he told me that it was a ___16___ to meet me and he wished me good luck.
I don’t ___17___ if this very caring man will ever read this article, ___18___ I want to say that he is the only person who had talked with me ___19___ for a while, and noticed that I needed cheering up. He made me ___20___ that life really is worth living.
1. A. share
B. report
C. describe
D. keep
2. A. gathering
B. waiting
C. searching
D. sitting
3. A. pleasant
B. fast
C. terrible
D. busy
4. A. started
B. enjoyed
C. stopped
D. continued
5. A. nearly
B. hardly
C. instantly
D. obviously
6. A. remark
B. joke
C. suggestion
D. choice
7. A. discussion
B. greeting
C. conversation
D. meeting
8. A. as usual
B. as well
C. for once
D. so far
9. A. punctual
B. surprising
C. unlucky
D. lovely
10. A. started
B. arrived
C. left
D. stopped
11. A. insisted on
B. decided on
C. carried on
D. took on
12. A. negative
B. strange
C. serious
D. careful
13. A. form
B. melt
C. burst
D. disappear
14. A. when
B. after
C. before
D. until
15. A. sent
B. tore
C. handed
D. spread
16. A. pleasure
B. pity
C. duty
D. chance
17. A. expect
B. imagine
C. doubt
D. know
18. A. for
B. but
C. and
D. so
19. A. generally
B. quietly
C. sincerely
D. briefly
20. A. realize
B. conclude
C. convince
D. remind
答案与解析
【文章大意】
在等公共汽车时，一个陌生人对作者的关切的问候使作者很感动，作者感受到了生活的美好。
1. 答案
A
解析
考查动词。此处表示今天发生的一件事情触动了作者，于是作者决定与大家一起分享(share)这段经历。
2. 答案
B
解析
考查上下文暗示。下文中的as we waited for the bus为暗示，作者当时在等待(waiting)公共汽车。
3. 答案
C
解析
考查上下文暗示。根据下文中的I was feeling down可知，作者这个礼拜过得很糟糕(terrible)。
4. 答案
A
解析
考查动词。start意为“开始”。这个陌生人开始(started)和作者交谈，聊公共汽车和司机等话题。
5. 答案
D
解析
考查副词。显然(obviously)，这个陌生人注意到作者今天情绪低落，他劝告作者开心一点。
6. 答案
B
解析
考查上下文暗示。由空前的cheer up可知，这个陌生人让作者振奋起来并给他讲了一个笑话。
7. 答案
C
解析
考查名词。从下文可知，此处表示两个人之间开始了随意的谈话(conversation)。
8. 答案
A
解析
考查语境选词。as usual意为“像往常一样”。公共汽车像往常一样晚点了。
9. 答案
D
解析
考查形容词。lovely意为“令人愉快的”。这个陌生人说，他很高兴能够遇到作者。
10. 答案
B
解析
考查上下文暗示。根据下文中的We both got on the bus可知，公共汽车终于到了(arrived)。
11. 答案
C
解析
考查动词短语。carry on意为“继续”。上车以后，这个陌生人坐在作者的前面，两个人继续交谈。
12. 答案
A
解析
考查形容词。根据上文作者情绪低落可知，这个礼拜，作者心中有消极的(negative)想法。
13. 答案
D
解析
考查动词。disappear意为”消失”。随着与这个陌生人谈话的深入，作者心中的负面情绪开始消失。
14. 答案
B
解析
考查连词。这个陌生人询问作者大学毕业以后(after)打算做什么。
15. 答案
C
解析
考查语境选词。hand意为“递；给”。他递给作者一张纸条，上面写着“友善的十点建议”和一个网站的链接。
16. 答案
A
解析
考查名词。固定句式it is／was a pleasure to do sth.意为“很高兴做某事”。
17. 答案
D
解析
考查动词。作者决定写这篇文章来分享发生在他身上的故事，他并不知道(know)这个体贴的人是否会看到这篇文章。
18. 答案
B
解析
考查语境选词。尽管作者不知道这个体贴的人是否会看到，但是(but)作者仍然要说出心中对他的感激。
19. 答案
C
解析
考查副词。这个陌生人看出了作者情绪低落，并真诚地(sincerely)与作者进行了交谈，想要帮助作者振奋起来。
20. 答案
A
解析
考查动词。他的善举让作者意识到(realize)生活值得继续。
Ⅱ.阅读理解
The world’s cities are facing a great challenge. Some 60 million people become city dwellers (居民) every year, according to the World Health Organization. This astonishing number is set not only to continue but to increase dramatically. By the middle of the 21st century, the urban population is expected to almost double, increasing from approximately 3.4 billion in 2009 to 6.4 billion in 2050.
So where will everyone live? With space rare in many cities, building upwards is one solution. Plans for the world’s first 1 km tall skyscraper in the Chinese city of Wuhan, for example, have already been unveiled and similar structures are being designed elsewhere. London-based architects Chetwoods, who designed the giant, two-spired tower, says the building will include many sustainable features.
In addition, more solutions include expanding cities outwards to allow more people to live in urban areas. London authorities, for instance, are pushing the boundaries of their boroughs outwards to cater for expected population surges; the city is anticipated to cater for 10 million residents by 2030.
One way to foresee the impacts of these kinds of plans — both on the land and on people living there — is to test them first in a virtual reality setting. Dassault Systèmes has developed technology that can predict how a city will grow and develop, while optimising natural resources and sustainable urban living. The technology has already been used to help architects and planners foresee the full impact of new building projects on the city and inhabitants in Shenzhen, China — a city which has sprung into a bursting metropolis of 10 million in the last 30 years.
As more people race to cities, it might be reassuring to think that the same technologies that are making this possible are also putting the planet and its population at the heart of the outcome.
1. The world’s cities are facing a problem that ________.
A. more people will move to suburban areas
B. the shortage of labor will become serious
C. a great number of people will flood into cities
D. urban population will be on the decrease
2. The purpose of London authorities expanding their boroughs is ________.
A. to make a good impression on other countries
B. to occupy more areas
C. to build more modern and brilliant buildings
D. to accommodate more people
3. The underlined word“them”in Paragraph 4 refers to “________”.
A. the land and the people there
B. plans
C. impacts
D. solutions
4. Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A. The urban population is expected to increase by 6.4 billion in 2050.
B. The technology developed by Dassault Systèmes has already been used.
C. The population in London is expected to be 10 million by 2050.
D. Dassault Systèmes is in favor of the present plans for solving the space problem.
答案与解析
【文章大意】
本文是篇资讯报道，主要报道了城市人口膨胀所产生的居住问题及可能的解决方法。
1. 答案
C
解析
由文章第一段中的Some 60 million people become city dwellers every year, according to the World Health Organization. This astonishing number is set not only to continue but to increase dramatically可得知答案为C项。
2. 答案
D
解析
由第三段中的more solutions include expanding cities outwards to allow more pecole to live in urban areas. London authorities, for instance, are pushing the boundaries of their boroughs outwards to cater for expected population surges可得知答案为D项。
3. 答案
C
解析
由第四段中的One way to foresee the impacts of these kinds of plans — both on the land and on people living there — is to test them first in a virtual reality setting可知答案为C项。them指的是这些计划的“影响”。
4. 答案
B
解析
由倒数第二段中的The technology has already been used to help architects and planners foresee the full impact of new building projects on the city and inhabitants in Shenzhen, China — a city which has sprung into a bursting metropolis of 10 million in the last 30 years可知答案为B项。
Carlos Slim’s proposal that we work a three-day week sounds crazy.
But many, in 1922, thought Henry Ford was crazy when he announced that his staff would work a five-day week.
Our working week seems normal to us because it is what we all always do.
He certainly could be for those who are not ready to retire and whom he was most concerned about when he made his statement about a three-day week at a business conference in Paraguay. As Slim said, it no longer made sense for people to stop working in their fifties or sixties when they might still have up to a third of their lives ahead of them.
?People are going to have to work for more years, until they are 70 or 75, and just work three days a week — perhaps 11 hours a day.” he said.
Keeping older employees at work makes sense for societies, especially those with a diminishing number of young people who are expected to support long-lived pensioners(领养老金者).
He appeared to be suggesting that these short-week workers earned the same as they did full-time. That is what happens at Telmex, his Mexican telecommunications company, where those qualified for retirement can choose to work four-day weeks on full pay.
Older workers elsewhere might prefer shorter weeks at reduced pay — eight or nine hours a day rather than 11. Their companies might benefit from keeping their experience while saving money on their salaries. What about everyone else? There are those who are unemployed, or in tenuous jobs, and who would be delighted to have three secure, wellpaid days of work a week.
Others in hospitals, supermarkets and petrol stations have to work at night, as well as on the weekend that Ford made rest time for his employees.
But a shorter week would work for many others if their companies agree to it.
I have managed about a dozen working parents working three or four days a week. They have, in almost all cases, been more productive and industrious than their colleagues working five days a week. They were generally more focused and better-organised.
Shorter weeks don’t work in every job, but they work in more jobs than most tradition-bound managers think. People living longer, in better health, are changing working life too. Slim’s idea is in tune with times.
1. The best title for this passage is “________”.
A. The Three-day Work Per Week Isn’t a Great Idea
B. The Three-day Work Per Week Is a Great Idea
C. The Five-day Work Per Week Is a Great Idea
D. Carlos Slim Is Crazy
2. Why does Slim think it unwise for people in their fifties or sixties to retire?
A. The people in their fifties or sixties have much experience.
B. They have many children and old parents to support.
C. They have much interest in their former work.
D. They have longer life to live in their future.
3. Why is it reasonable for the older people to continue working?
A. It can reduce the young’s pressure to support their old parents.
B. It can make the older people live a longer life.
C. It can make the older people feel less dull.
D. It can make the older people live happier.
4. What can we infer from the passage?
A. Older workers elsewhere specially prefer shorter weeks at reduced pay.
B. Only a company values old workers’ working experience by reducing their salaries.
C. Slim encourages his retired employees to continue working.
D. All companies like their employees to work three days per week.
5. What does the word “tune” in the last paragraph mean?
A. Former.
B. Later.
C. Same.
D. Consistent.
答案与解析
【文章大意】
本文主要围绕卡洛斯·斯利姆一周工作3天的提议展开议论，文中列举了一些一周工作3天的好处。
1. 答案
B
解析
主旨大意题。本文主要围绕卡洛斯·斯利姆提出的一周工作3天的提议展开议论，文中列举了一些一周工作3天的好处。故选B项。
2. 答案
D
解析
细节理解题。根据第三段的最后一句As Slim said, it no longer made sense for people to stop working in their fifties or sixties when they might still have up to a third of their lives ahead of them可知，人们在五六十岁退休是不明智的，他们未来可能还有三分之一的寿命。故选D项。
3. 答案
A
解析
细节理解题。从第五段Keeping older employees at work makes sense for societies, especially those with a diminishing number of young people who are expected to support long-lived pensioners可知，让岁数较大的员工继续工作是合理的，因为在年轻人数量正不断减少的社会，这些年轻人需要供养还有很长寿命的退休人员，他们承担了很大的压力。故选A项。
4. 答案
C
解析
推理判断题。根据第六段可知，斯利姆认为，减少每周工作日的员工的收入与他们做全职工作时的收入一样。这就是在他的墨西哥电信公司Telmex所发生的事情：符合退休资格的人可以选择以每周工作四天的方式全薪工作。故选C项。
5. 答案
D
解析
词义猜测题。结合语境可知，随着寿命延长、身体变得更健康，人们也在改变自己的工作方式。斯利姆的想法符合时代潮流。故选D项。
Ⅲ.语法填空
Modern-day Use of Tests
Some countries such as the United Kingdom and France require all their secondary school students to take a standardized test on individual subjects. These tests are used ___1___(primary) to assess a student’s ability in specific subjects such ___2___ mathematics, science, or literature. In contrasts, high school students in other countries such as the United States may not be ___3___(require) to take a standardized test to graduate. Moreover, students in these countries usually take standardized tests only to apply ___4___a position in a university program and are typically given the choice of ___5___(take) different standardized tests, ___6___ are used primarily to measure a student’s ___7___(reason) skill. High school students in the United States may also take Advanced Placement tests on specific subjects ___8___(complete)university-level credit. Depending on the ___9___(policy) of the test maker or country, administration of standardized tests may be done in a large hall, classroom, or testing center. A monitor may also be present during the testing period to provide ___10___(instruct), to answer questions, or to prevent cheating.
答案与解析
【文章大意】
本文是一篇记叙文。主要叙述了如今美国、英国以及法国等地方的标准化考试即高考的模式。
1. primarily
考查副词。根据空格前面的语境are used可以得知，此处需要用副词形式修饰动词，表示“主要用于……”；primarily“主要地”。
2. as
考查介词。such as“例如……”，此处表示“对学生在某些特定学科的能力进行评估，如数学，科学或文学等”。
3. required
考查动词。根据空格前面的be可以得知，此处表示被动意义，故要用require的过去分词形式required。
误解分析：此题考生易误填入requiring。解答此题时需要注意空格后面的to take ...，即此处考查sb. be required to do sth.的用法。
4. for
考查介词。根据空格前面的动词apply可以得知，此处考查固定搭配apply for的用法，表示“申请”之意。
5. taking
考查非谓语动词。根据空格前面的介词of可以得知，此处所填词作介词of的宾语，故用动名词形式taking。
6. which
考查关系代词。根据空格前面的逗号可以得知，此处考查非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词tests，故答案为which。
7. reasoning
考查动名词。根据空格后面的名词skill可以得知，此处需要用动名词形式作定语修饰skill，表示“推理能力”。
8. to complete
考查非谓语动词。根据空格前面语境可以得知，此处表示“参加跳班测验”的目的，故用动词不定式短语作目的状语。
9. policies
考查名词。此处表示各个国家不同的考试测量，故用policy的复数形式policies。
10. instructions
考查名词。根据空格前面语境provide可以得知，此处需要用名词形式作provide的宾语，故用instruct的复数名词instructions“指导”。