课时作业二十二
A(全员必做)(时间：45分钟 满分：100分)选词并用其适当形式填空，politics，considerate，substitute，advocate，，sacrifice，principle，construct，condemn，which earns her a good reputation.der construction．n should be encouraged to realize their full potential．，the police decided to，adopting a hunter’s means，trap the lion in a trap.10．Stick to your principle and tell him you won’t do it.
Ⅱ.完成句子(来自自然保护区) broke_away_from_(逃脱) the cage and fled and it led_to (导致) a panic among people.(失去控制) is believed to be very dangerous and may_threaten_people’s_lives (可能会威胁人们的生命)．，you_can_refer_to_the_dictionary (你可以查字典)．Given_that_she_is_interested_in_children (考虑到她喜欢孩子)，I am sure teaching is the right career for her.(代表) my class to give you a speech.联句成篇(选用练习Ⅰ、Ⅱ中的句子，根据语篇中的提示加以改写，完成语篇翻译)一头自然保护区的狮子逃出笼子的消息引起了人们的恐慌(用同位语从句)。因为人们认为失去控制的狮子非常危险并且会威胁到人们的生命。警方倡导孩子们除了乘公交车上学外，其他时间应留在家里。最后，警方决定用猎人的方式设陷阱诱捕狮子。答案The_news_that_a_lion_from_the_natural_reserve_broke_away_from_the_cage_and_fled_led_to_a_panic_among_people.Because_the_lion_beyond_control_is_believed_to_be_very_dangerous_and_may_threaten_people’s_lives.The_police_advocated_that_children_should_stay_at_home_apart_from_going_to_school_by_bus.At_last，
the_police_decided_to_adopt_a_hunter’s_means_of_trapping_the_lion_in_a_trap.
Ⅳ.阅读理解，at least onethird of all food produced is wasted every year.With an extra two billion mouths to feed by 2050，global food waste is an escalating issue that is difficult to ignore.e 1.3 billion tons a year at a cost of $1 trillion，according to the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)．In industrialized nations，almost half of the food spoiled—roughly 300 million tons yearly—is still fit for consumption.This is more than the total food production of subSaharan Africa，and enough to feed the estimated 870 million people currently hungry in the world today.p with the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)，they are trying to reduce food loss ，boost awareness both at a household level and at a national level，and help both individuals and organizations to reduce food waste.，” said Nick Nuttall，a UNEP spokesperson.“If you do not measure or monitor it，you can’t manage it.As travelers become more aware of the challenge and impact of food waste，increasing numbers are likely to choose hotels and restaurants with policies and programmes in place.”
In the UK，the governmentfunded recycling programme WRAP has signed up hotels and restaurants for a campaign to reduce food waste，including the Accor Group，Jury’s Inn，Red Carnation and Travelodge hotel groups.Their aim is to reduce waste by 5% by 2017，which would save estimated 720 million tons a year.
People in rich regions，such as in Europe and North ，consume roughly 900kg of food every year，and per capita waste is around 115kg a year，compared to subSaharan Africa and Southeast Asia，where they only throw away up to 11kg a year，according to the FAO.解题导语 本文是一篇说明文。文中用了大量的事实和数据向我们说明了全球日益严重的食物浪费问题，从graphs，we can learn that________．early half of 300 million tons of food wasted is still fit for consumption
B [细节理解题。根据文中首段的第二句“With an extra two billion mouths to feed by 2050，global food waste is an escalating issue that is difficult to ignore”可知，全球粮食浪费问题是一个逐渐加剧的并且不能忽视的问题。故选B。]，the campaign Think.Eat.Save is ________． [细节理解题。文中第三段提到“The FAO set up a Think.Eat.Save campaign in January 2017 to try to change the way we view food”可知，联合国粮食与农业组织于2017年1月创建了Think.Eat.Save运动，目的是改变我们对食物的看法。故选D。]________．the hotel measureB．the food production [代词指代题。根据上文提到的“This is a complex issue”可知，食物浪费是一个复杂的问题，此处紧承上文进行论述“如果不对此问题加以调节和监督it代指上文的“a complex issue”，即“the food waste”。]From the last paragraph we can conclude that ________． Southeast Asia
A [推理判断题。此段提到了在富裕地区，如欧洲和北美，每年大约消耗900公斤食物，人均每年浪费115公斤左右，而在撒哈拉以南非洲地区和东南亚，人们每年只扔掉最多11公斤的食物，由此可推知”贫穷地区的人浪费的食物比富裕地区的少得多”。故选A。]ier, it would make people healthier too，new research suggested.，mostly by reducing preventable deaths from heart and lung diseases，according to studies released Wednesday and published in a special issue of ，British medical journal.，increasing our chances of getting sick and in some cases takes years from our lives，”US Health and Human Services Secretary Kathleen Sebelius said in a telecast briefing from her home state of Kansas.“As greenhouse gas emissions go down，so do deaths from cardiovascular (心血管) and respiratory (呼吸道) diseases.This is not a small effect.”，as past studies have done，this research looks at the immediate benefits of doing something about the problem，said Linda Birnbaum，director of the US National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences.，the researchers conceded，based on people driving less and walking and cycling more.Other proposals studied were more concrete and achievable，such as reducing cook stoves that burn dung (粪便)，charcoal and other polluting fuels in the developing world.bon dioxide emissions also makes the air cleaner，reducing lung damage for millions of people，doctors said.，” said lead author Dr.Paul Wilkinson，an environmental epidemiologist at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine.，switching to lowpolluting cars in London and Delhi，India，would save 160 lost years of life in London and nearly 1，700 in Delhi for every million residents，one study found.But if people also drove less and walked or biked more，those extra saved years would soar to more than 7，300 years in London and 12，500 years in Delhi because of less heart disease.解题导语 研究表明减少温室气体排放不仅会使地球变得更健康，同时也会使人们更健康长寿。al warming threatens people’s lives.
D．People should stop relying on fossil fuels.
B [主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了减少二氧化碳排放有助于人们健康长寿，故B项当选。]________．mmediate benefits of cutting carbon dioxide emissions
B．it studies the bad effects arising from future global warming
C．it is believed by more people
D．it mainly targets at developing countries
A [细节理解题。根据文章第四段内容可知，新研究与过去的研究的不同之处就在于它关注的是应对问题能取得的迅速成效。故答案为A项。]，________．，people would not die of cardiovascular and respiratory diseases [细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“As greenhouse gas emissions go down，so do deaths from cardiovascular (心血管) and respiratory (呼吸道) diseases.”可知，温室气体的排放与心血管和呼吸道疾病导致的死亡关系密切，故答案为D项。]________．se gas emissions
B．switching to lowpolluting cars would save 160 lives in London each year
C．walking and biking instead of driving will reduce the chance of heart disease
D．attacking health problems and dealing with climate change are contradictory
C [推理判断题。根据文章最后一段最后一句可推知，多步行和多骑车，而不是开车，会减少患心脏病的几率。故选C项。]阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。__1__ we are providing these memories to pass down to __2__ next generation.I want Mom __3__ (remember)for the very strong and positive person that she is and I appreciate the __4__ (contribute) you have all made.
I also want Mom to be remembered for the brave and positive way she __5__ (handle) herself since the attack of her illness.Even as she is fading as the illness worsens，Mom makes many references to the importance of doing the best，taking things __6__ they come，and making the best of things.This has provided her with the __7__ (emotion) strength she has demonstrated in coping so well.She is __8__ (dear) loved by the staff as she is always very sweet，gentle，and appreciative of everything that comes __9__ way.I am very proud of her.I want to thank my mom，__10__ everything that she had done for us.
答案 1.that 2.the 3.to be remembered 4.contribution(s) 5.has handled 6.as 7.emotional 8.dearly 9.her 10.for(自主选做)(时间：45分钟 满分：100分)完形填空，caring way.Because my mother was a skilled seamstress (女裁缝)，I was a __1__ child.It might have been something related to “the joy of giving” that made me __2__ several of my most fashionable dresses to a less __3__ little girl，who lived with disabled parents.
After thanking me gratefully，the little girl __4__ me her only party dress.Puzzled，I tried to __5__，but my mother guided me.She thanked the girl and told her how happy I would be __6__ the dress.Then I came to know that my greatest gift to the girl was __7__ of the gift she offered me.
Many years later，I stood by __8__ as my small rabbit Ashley lay dying.Suddenly she __9__ a scratch (划痕) on the shoulder of her friend Lillian.With a last burst of __10__，she raised her head and began to __11__ Lillian’s cut.With more strength than she had __12__ in several weeks，she struggled to make Lillian feel __13__．Lillian’s last gift to her dying friend was to __14__．Actually，Lillian just sat there to accept Ashley’s __15__ and gentle cleaning quietly.__16__ then，I have witnessed the same phenomenon several times.Dying rabbits take care of the wounded rabbits，who give by allowing __17__ to be cared for.I’m just __18__als show such pride，selfrespect，and a sense of when to give and __19__ to receive.__20__ this：sometimes receiving is giving.解题导语 有时候，接受就是一种给予。动物如此，人类更应该如此。B．wellbehaved [根据妈妈是技艺精湛的女裁缝和下文“my most fashionable dresses”可知，“我”是个“衣着入时”的孩子。] [根据上文的“the joy of giving”可知我“赠送(give )”衣服给别人。give in“屈服，让步”，give up“放弃”，give off“发出，放出(气味、热、光等)”，均不符合语境。] [小女孩的父母残疾，和“我”比当然少了 [在真诚地感谢“我”之后，小女孩把她唯一的参加聚会的衣服送给了“我”，“我”很不解，甚至想拒绝她。根据下文“the gift she offered me”也可得出答案。offer“提供，自愿给”，符合语境。] refuse“拒绝”。] [妈妈感谢了那个女孩，并告诉她如果“我”穿上这件衣服会多么高兴。分析这句话可知，此处含有将来的意味，故应用不定式。] [本文的主旨就是给予与接受，前边是“我”给予，分析语境可知，这里应 [宠物兔要死了，“我”却无能为力，所以只能“无助地(helplessly)”站在旁边。] [突然，她(Ashley)注意到朋友肩膀上的划痕，故用noticed。] [根据本段第一句话可知，Ashley快死了，故应是拼尽最后的力气。energy“力量，精力”，符合语境。force“力，力量”，通常指的是外力；attention“注意力”；courage“勇气，胆量”。] [从本段最后一句中的“gentle cleaning”可得出答案。] [比她几个星期积攒的力量还多，故选A，表示“聚集”。increase“增加”，follow“跟随”，adore“爱慕”，均不符合语境。] [分析本段语境可知，Ashley那么做是为了让她受伤的朋友感觉舒服点儿。] [根据本段最后一句话中的“accept”可知，这里应用receive。] [Lillian只要安静地坐在那儿接受Ashley的关心和温柔的清理，故用concern“关爱 [从那以后，“我”又看见了几次类似的现象。since then“此后”，符合语境。] [前边是wounded rabbits，故应用themselves代指。] [看到动物这样的行为——知道什么时候给予，什么时候接受，“我”非常“吃惊”。]C．where
D．what [参见上题解析。and前的when也是提示，故答案为A。] [我们人类也应该“学会”这一点：有时接受就是一阅读理解beyond the earth.Hundreds of biologists，geologists，chemists and astronomers have conducted research on astrobiology(天体生物学)．That’s because there is plenty to think about before we actually find alien life.Scientists tend to be more confident than ever that life does exist out in the universe.
In 1996 Onstott dug up rocks a mile below the surface，and he extracted (提取) bacteria that were living cheerfully in harsh conditions completely isolated from the rest of the biosphere (生物圈)．Onstott’s discovery is just one of dozens that established the existesce of socalled extremophiles(嗜极生物)，bacteria and other forms of life thriving in such hostile places.Life can deal with a wider range of conditions.
Miller had probed the origin of life by passing electricity through a glass container of organic chemicals to see what came out.Bada found fascinating hints that the origin of life may well be on an Earthlike planet rather than the exception.Kaufman dealt with the question of how many such planets are likely to exist.
Unfortunately，the most habitable planet found is widely believed not to exist life at all.Butler and Vogt appropriately noted that their find would have to be confirmed by others same applies to evidence of alien life.In no case was any real E．T.proved to exist.The twin Viking probes landed on Mars and performed onsite tests of the soil，looking for life.Most came back negatively，but one，designed by NASA scientist Gilbert Levin，showed suspicions activity.
Research has proved what’s true today often is overturned tomorrow，and what’s rejected today may be accepted tomorrow.Even if you limit your thinking to life，the Milky Way is likely teeming with life.Researchers are considering the possibility of planets dominated by a sulfur cycle rather than the carbon cycle.That would be life as we don’t know it.Kaufman’s claim “scientists will determine life exists elsewhere in the universe”may actually be an understatement.
解题导语 本文是说明文。人类一直在努力寻找地球之外的生命。对于是否存在其他生命形式，科学家们各持己见。B．Because they have actually found alien life out in the universe.
C．Because many people don’t think there’s life beyond the earth.
D．Because scientists are more confident than ever that life does exist out in the universe and want to find them.
D [推理判断题。根据第一段中的“That’s because there is plenty to think about before we actually find alien life.Scientists tend to be more confident than ever that life does exist out in the universe”可知，科学家们对于在宇宙中的某个地方存在着生命这一想法更有信心，因此进行天体生物学研究试图找到它们。故选D。]in any place.
B．Life can exist in extremely terrible conditions.
C．Nothing can live in a more terrible condition than bacteria in the universe.
D．Life can only live in the biosphere.
B [推理判断题。由第二段中的“thriving in such hostile places.Life can deal with a wider range of conditions”可知，生命可以在极其残酷的条件下生存。故选B。]A．Bada.
B．Miller. [细节理解题。由第三段中的“Bada found fascinating hints that the origin of life may well be on an Earthlike planet rather than the exception”可知，Bada发现了关于生命起源的线索。故选A。]，which of the following is TRUE about the existence of life?’s life on Earthlike planets.
C．There’s no life on Earthlike planets.
D．There’s life that we don’t know on Earthlike planets.
C [细节理解题。由第四段中的“Unfortunately，the most habitable planet found is widely believed not to exist life at all”可知，至今还没有在地球之外的其他地方发现生命迹象。故选C。]任务型阅读，including friendship.No relationship can last long with a lack of trust.Not many of your friends will have real faith in you as you would like to believe.__1__ Sometimes，it takes years，even a complete lifetime，to trust someone.However，how do we know if our friends have faith in us?
__2__ With whom will you share things that you don’t want everyone to know？It would be with a close friend，whom you trust as much as you trust yourself.？It has to be either your parents or your friends.__3__ This is a shining example of trust.You only seek advice from people you hold in high regard and find dependable.The friends who trust you will never forget to include you in the important decisions of their life.
Arguments and heated discussions are a part of every relationship，and this is also true for friendship.__4__ While some people find it difficult to forgive and forget，your friends will never have problems moving on.It is because they trust you and believe that you will never cause any pain to them on purpose.onely soldier.__5__ Your friends will never let you down and will strongly stand for you when you need encouragement.You can determine that they trust you and believe in your beliefs if they side with you when you need them the most.
A．People can be extraordinarily jealous sometimes.
B．You know they will never pass on a wrong suggestion.
C．In fact，winning trust is，by far，the most challenging aspect of relationships.ons do exist.
E．No matter how close you are to your friends，you can’t take that comfort level for granted.，there’s a good possibility，that they have much faith in you.，people fortunate to have been blessed with true friends are never alone in any battle.答案 1～5 CFBDG