2016年重庆渝中区高考英语阅读理解一轮选练（8）及答案

　　阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

　　Researchers have just offered evidence in a study that says obesity appears to spread through social ties, much like a virus. When one person gains weight, their close friends often follow. But the finding might also offer hope.

　　If friends help make obesity acceptable, then might also be influential in losing the fat. The researchers note that support groups are already an effective tool in dealing with other socially influenced problems, like alcoholism.

　　The findings appeared in the New England Journal of Medicine, The researchers used information collected from 12,000 people. It was collected between 1971 and 2003 as part of the Framingham Heart Study.

　　The information was highly detailed. There was even contact information for close friends of the people in the study.

　　The researchers examined more than 40,000 social ties. They found that a person’s chances of becoming severely overweight increased by 57% if a friend had become obese.

　　A sister or brother of a person who became obese had a 40% increased chance of becoming obese. The risk for a wife or husband was a little less than that.

　　Nicholas Christakis of Harvard Medical School was a lead investigator in the study. He says there is a direct causal relationship between a person getting fat and being followed in weight gain by a friend.

　　The study found that the sex of the friends was also an influence. In same-sex friendships a person had a 70% increased risk of becoming obese.Men had a 44% increased risk of becoming obese after weight gain in brother. In sisters, it was 67%.

　　The researchers also considered the effect of where people lived in relation to each other. James Fowler of the University of California, San Diego, was the other lead investigator. He says a friend who lives a few hundred kilometers away has as much influence as one in the same neighborhood. He says the study demonstrates the need to consider that a major part of people’s health is tied to their social connections.

　　Both investigators say their research shows that obesity is not just a private medical issue, but a public health problem.

　　1. What does the underlined sentence in Para. 2 mean?

　　A. Obesity has a negative influence on a close friend.

　　B. Friends might also play a part in losing weight.

　　C. One might have a positive influence on one’s friend.

　　D. Friends usually don’t follow each other to lose weight.

　　2. Who is mostly likely to gain weight?

　　A. A man who has a fat brotherB. A husband who has a fat wife

　　C. A wife who has a fat husbandD. A woman who has a fat female friend

　　3. Which of the following statements doesn’t the passage agree with?

　　A. You are sure to lose weight if you have a skinny friend.

　　B. If one gains weight, one’s friends are likely to get fat.

　　C. A person’s health is closely linked with his /her social relationship.

　　D. Even if the friend lives far away, the influence still remains.

　　4. The reason why the study involves both family members and friends is that_______.

　　A. researchers fail to find a more different sample

　　B. researchers have different ideas for family members and friends

　　C. researchers can meet these people regularly

　　D. researchers can compare the results

　　【参考答案】1—4、BDAD

　　A

　　Here’s this week’s list of four open jobs throughout the local area. Whether you’re unemployed and need a job or you are just sick of the one you have, Roswell Patch wants to help. We know new jobs can be hard to come by these days, which is why we’ll try to post a selection of jobs we’ve found in the area on the site each week. Happy hunting!

　　Part-time Spanish Instructor-World Language Institute, Inc. – Roswell.

　　World Language Institute, Inc. in Roswell is currently hiring a part-time, native-speaking Spanish instructor. Applicants must be able to pass a background check and drive a 15-passenger bus to pick up students from several schools, from 2 p. m. – 6 p. m. Monday-Friday. The position pays $ 10 per hour. More information about the job is available online.

　　Experienced Servers – Chill’s – Alpharetta

　　Chili’s in Alpharetta is seeking experienced servers to add to its team. Qualifications will include being clean and neat and having great attitude and customer service skills. The pay is $ 2.13, plus tips. Stop by the store to fill out an application. More information about this position is available online.

　　Registered Nurese-North Fulton Regional Hospital-Roswell

　　North Fulton Regional Hospital is looking for a RN/Registered Nurse to fill a 12-hour night shift. Applicants must be registered and previous hospital experience is preferred. More information about the position is available online.

　　Software Engineer-ControlScan-Alpharetta

　　ControlScan in Alpharetta is hiring a software engineer. Applicants should have five or more years of relevant experience, as well as advanced knowledge of computer technology. Pay is commensurate（相称）with experience. More information about the position can be found online.

　　1. Where can we most probably rend the passage?

　　A. In a newspaper. B. On a website.

　　C. In a magazine.

　　D. In a textbook.

　　2.

　　What does the underlined word "sick" mean?

　　A. Ill.

　　B. Absent.

　　C. Bored.

　　D. Unfamiliar

　　3.

　　World Language Institute, Inc. is looking for____.

　　A. a school bus driver.

　　B. a full-time teacher

　　C. a Spanish teacher

　　D a Spanish manager

　　4.

　　Who will mainly work at night?

　　A. Jane, hired by North Fulton Regional Hospital.

　　B. John, hired by World Language Institute. Inc.

　　C. Robert, hired by ControlScan.

　　D. Sally, hired by Chili’s.

　　【参考答案】1—4、BCCA

　　阅读理解--------B

　　He’s out there somewhere, an instant icon in the records of American conflict, the final big-game hunter. But a puzzle, too, his identity would be kept a secret for now, and maybe forever.

　　He is the unknown shooter. The nameless, faceless triggerman who put a bullet in the head of the world’s most notorious（臭名昭著的）terrorist, Bin Laden.

　　He’s likely between the ages of 26 and 33, says Marcinko, founder of the “SEALs Team 6” that many believe led the attack on Bin Laden in Abbottabad, Pakistan. He’ll be old enough to have had time to hurdle the extra training tests required to join the counter-terrorism unit, yet young enough to stand the body-punishing harshness of the job. The shooter’s a man, it’s safe to say, because there are no women in the SEALs. And there’s a good chance he’s white, though the SEALs have stepped up efforts to increase the number of minorities in their ranks, Marcinko and Smith say.

　　He was probably a high school or college athlete, Smith says, a physical specimen who combines strength, speed and wisdom. “They call themselves ‘tactical athletes,’” says Smith, who works with many future SEALs in his Heroes of Tomorrow training program in Severna Park. “It’s getting very scientific.”

　　Marcinko puts it in more conventional terms: “He’ll be ripped,” says the author of the best-selling autobiography “Rogue Warrior.” “He’s got a lot of upper-body strength. Long arms. Thin waist. Flat stomach.”

　　On this point, Greitens departs a bit. “You can’t make a lot of physical assumptions,” says the author of “The Heart and the Fist: The Education of a Humanitarian, the Making of a Navy SEAL.” There are SEALs who are 5 feet 4 and SEALs who are 6 feet 5, Greitens says. In his training group, he adds, there were college football boys who couldn’t hack it; those who survived were most often men in good shape, but they also had a willingness to show their concerns in favor of the mission.

　　The shooter’s probably not the crew-cut（平头）, neatly shaven ideal we’ve come to expect from American fighting forces. “He’s bearded, rough-looking, like a street naughty boy,” Marcinko supposes. “You don’t want to stick out.” Marcinko calls it “modified grooming standards.”

　　His hands will be calloused（长老茧）, Smith says, or just rough enough,” as Marcinko puts it. And “he’s got frag in him somewhere,” Marcinko says, using the battlefield shorthand for “fragments” of bullets or explosive devices. This will not have been the shooter’s first adventure. Marcinko estimates that he might have made a dozen or more deployments（部署）, tours when he was likely to have dealt with quite a number of dangerous situations, getting ready any time for explosive devices or bullets.

　　5.

　　Which of the following is most likely to be the title of the passage?

　　A. Who shot Bin Laden?

　　B. What do the SEALS do?

　　C. How can boys be SEALS? D. What SEALS are like?

　　6.

　　From the passage we can know that the writer ___________.

　　A. knows clearly what the shooter is like B. doubts whether Bin Laden is dead

　　B. is certain that the shooter is a man D. is not sure of the shooter’s gender

　　7.

　　We can say for sure according to the passage that ___________.

　　A. the shooter will eventually be revealed in the Press

　　B. the writer is a person who is curious about the shooter

　　C. the writer is a detective who tries to arrest the shooter

　　D. the shooter is a strong man with a pair of rough hands

　　8.

　　Which of the following are the names of writers mentioned in the passage?

　　①. Marcinko ②. Greitens ③. Smith ④. Abbottabad

　　A. ①④ B. ③④ C. ②③ D. ①②

　　【参考答案】5—8、ABBD

　　【四川省绵阳市2017高考英语一模试题】Increasing Noise Annoys People want action on noise, a recent public meeting in Brisbane showed. Some want technical improvements such as quieter air conditioners or better sound barriers around major roads. Others want tougher laws to restrict noise from building sites or to require owners to take responsibility for barking dogs. But the highest priority (优先) was a noise complaints system that works. Brisbane City Council receives more complaints about noise than all other problems put together. So it conducted survey and found that about half its citizens are upset by noise in one form or another-traffic, mowers, pool pumps, air conditioners or loud parties. This inspired the Council to bring together more than 100 citizens one evening to talk through solutions to the problem. The meeting found the present noise complaints system bizarre. Depending on the problem, responsibility for noise can lie with the Council, the Environment Protection Authority, one of three government departments or even the police. So complaints often feel they are getting the run-round. When the people at the meeting were asked to vote for changes, the strongest response was for a 24-hour noise hotline to be the first port of call for all complaints. The meeting also favored regulatory measures, such as tougher minimum standards for noise in appliances like air conditioners. This even makes economic sense, as noise is a waste of energy-and money. Other measures the meeting supported were wider buffer zones around noisy activities and controls to keep heavy traffic away from residential areas（居民区）. 59. According to the passage, what do people want most? A. Tougher laws.                       B. Technical improvements. C. An effective noise complaints system    D. Tougher minimum standards for noise 60. What does the underlined word bizarre in the second paragraph mean? A. reasonable      B. wonderful     C. strange       D. responsible 61. How many regulatory measures against noise are mentioned in the last paragraph? A. 3.             B. 4.            C. 2.           D. 5. 62. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? A. Tougher minimum standards for noise in appliances are necessary. B. Traffic, mowers, pool pumps, and air conditioners are all the sources of noise. C. 90% of the residents are annoyed by noise. D. Heavy traffic should be kept away from residential areas according to the meeting. 63. Brisbane City Council brought together citizens to talk through solutions to the noise problem mainly due to      . A. the result of the survey carried out by itself B. a noise complaints system that works C. people asking for tougher laws on noise D. requirements of an effective noise complaints system

　　【参考答案】59—63、CC ACA

　　【四川省绵阳市2017高考英语一模试题】C Let These Plants Swat the Bugs for You Some plants get so hungry they eat flies, spiders, and even small frogs. What's more amazing is that these plants occur naturally (in special environments) in every state. In fact, they're found on every continent except Antarctica. You've probably seen a Venus' flytrap. It's often sold in museum gift stores, department stores, and even supermarkets. A small plant, it grows 6 to 8 inches tall in a container. At the end of its stalks（茎）are specially modified leaves that act like traps. Inside each trap is a lining of tiny trigger（触发）hairs. When an insect lands on them, the trap suddenly shut. Over the course of a week or so, the plant feeds on its catch. The Venus' flytrap is just one of more than 500 species of meat-eating plants, says Barry Meyers-Rice, the editor of the International Carnivorous Plant Society's Newsletter. Note: Despite any science-fiction stories（科幻小说）you might have read, no meat-eating plant does any danger to humans. Dr. Meyers-Rice says a plant is meat-eating, only if it does all four of the following: "attract, kill, digest, and absorb" some form of insects , including flies, butterflies, and moths. Meat-eating plants look and act like other green plants-well, most of the time. All green plants make sugar through a process called photosynthesis（光合作用）. Plants use the sugar to make food. What makes "meat-eating" plants different is their bug-catching leaves. They need insects for one reason: nitrogen（氮）. Nitrogen is a nutrient that they can't obtain any other way. Why? Almost all green plants on our planet get nitrogen from the soil. "Meat-eating" plants can't. They live in places where nutrients are hard or almost impossible to get from the soil because of its acidity（酸度）. So they've come to rely on getting nitrogen from insects and small animals. In fact, nutrient-rich soil is poisonous to "meat-eating" plants. Never fertilize（施肥）them! But don't worry, either, if they never seem to catch any insects. They can survive, but they'll grow very slowly. 64. Venus flytrap A. is a small plant which grows in a container. B. is a kind of plant which gets hungry easily. C. can attract, kill, digest and absorb some form of insects. D. grows 6-8 inches tall 65. From the passage, we know      . A. "meat-eating" plants are found on every continent. B. all green plants get nitrogen from the soil. C. bug-catching leaves make "meat-eating" different from other plants. D. some "meat-eating" plants in the rainforest do danger to humans. 66. "Meat-eating" plants grow very slowly,      . A. so you'd better fertilize them B. probably because the source of nitrogen is cut off. C. simply because they can't absorb nitrogen from the soil D. and then they will die slowly. 67. Which of the following is true? A. "Meat-eating" plants look and act like other green plants. B. No insects, no "meat-eating" plants. C. The reason why Venus flytrap needs flies is that it needs to get nutrient from them. D. Green plants make sugar at night. 68. What does the underlined word nutrient in paragraph 5 probably mean? A. 化学物    B.营养物    C. 肥料      D. 氮氢化合物 【参考答案】64—68、CCBCB