2017届高考英语二轮复习课件：《社会生活型阅读理解》

　　返回目录 专题二十四　社会生活型阅读理解 新 题 预 测 【文章大意】 每天报纸上都会出现一些关于科学新发现的文章，那么这些文章的可信度究竟是多少呢？在文中作者通过几个例子向读者说明：新发现有时候只是一种骗局，或者是一种假象，所以我们对待任何事情都要持有一种怀疑的态度。 5．B　推理判断题。文章开头提出问题“Can you believe everything that you read？”，然后列举生活中的例子，最后揭示中心话题“But how trustworthy are they really? Here are two examples of scientific hoaxes(骗局)．”，由此推断对于我们每天所读到的东西不可能都是对的，故选B项。 返回目录 专题二十四　社会生活型阅读理解 新 题 预 测 6．D　细节理解题。根据文章第二段的末句“…only to have it revealed that they were planted by jealous colleagues to ruin his reputation.”可以判断他被嫉妒他的同事们愚弄了，故选D项。 7．C　细节理解题。根据文章第三段的“…scientists at this time were wild with excitement over the meaning it had for the theory of evolution.”可知，当时的科学家认为this Piltdown Man的发现对人类的进化理论有着很大的贡献，故选C项。 返回目录 专题二十四　社会生活型阅读理解 新 题 预 测 8．C　词义猜测题。根据前文的让步状语从句“While we certainly should not ignore scientific research…”可知，后面分句和前面分句构成转折关系，应该是建议人们不要过分看重科学发现，由此推断该短语指对某件事情或某人说的话有所保留，将信将疑，持怀疑态度，故选C项。 9．A　推理判断题。根据文章第二段的“The fossils of spiders, lizards, and even birds with the name of God written on them in Hebrew…”可知，在这些蜘蛛等的化石上写着“上帝”字样，由此推断Hebrew可能是一种语言，故选A项。 返回目录 　 教师备用习题 Dr Sylvia Earle wants you to stop eating fish. It's not because fish are endangered, though wild fish stocks in many oceans are very low. It's not because they're bad for you, though fish in many areas are exposed to poisonous substances in the water. It's because they're smart. “Fish are sensitive, and they have personalities，”says the marine biologist. For Earle, eating a fish would be like eating a dog or a cat.“I would never eat anyone I know personally.” 返回目录 　 教师备用习题 here's a lot more to fish than meets the eye: they talk to each other, they like to be touched, and they engage in behaviour that can seem very human. They can remember things and learn from experience. Earle and a growing number of animal rights activists see these as strong arguments against eating fish altogether. 返回目录 　 教师备用习题 The activists also point out that fish feel pain and fish suffer horribly on their way from the sea to the supermarket.“While it may seem conspicuous that fish are able to feel pain, like every other animal, some people think of fish as swimming vegetables，” says Dr Lynne Sneddon.“Really, it's kind of a moral question. Is the enjoyment you get from fishing (or eating fish) more important than the pain of the fish？” 返回目录 　 教师备用习题 Fishermen and (fried) fish lovers are skeptical.“I've never seen a smart fish，” says Marie Swaringen as she finishes off a plate of fish at a Seattle seafood restaurant.“If they were very smart, they wouldn't get caught.” “For years, everyone's been telling us to eat fish because it's so good for us，” says another diner.“Now I've got to feel guilty while I'm eating my fish? What are they going to think of next? Don't eat salad because cucumbers have feelings？” 返回目录 　 教师备用习题 1．According to Dr Sylvia Earle, she would stop eating fish as a result of the following reasons EXCEPT ________. A．fish are sensitive and have personalities B．he knows fish very well C．fish are dangerous to eat because the water is polluted D．fish are clever 2．Dr Lynne Sneddon describes the behaviour of eating fish in a(n) ________ tone. A．opposed

　　B．optimistic

　　C．indifferent

　　D．supportive 返回目录 　 教师备用习题 3．Which word below can take the place of the underlined word “conspicuous” in Paragraph 4? A．Obvious.

　　B．Easy.

　　C．Impossible.

　　D．Necessary. 4．It can be inferred from the last paragraph that ________. A．human beings should stop eating fish B．we would feel guilty if we continued eating fish C．people eat fish because fish are delicious D．cucumber is a kind of vegetable or fruit 返回目录 　 教师备用习题 5．What was the author's purpose when writing this passage? A．To advise people to stop eating fish. B．To introduce a topic of whether people should eat fish. C．To advise people not to stop eating fish. D．To tell us that fish will feel pain when caught and transported. 返回目录 　 教师备用习题 【文章大意】 海洋生物学家Earle建议大家停止食用鱼类，因为它们是有智力的。鱼类很敏感，它们有着自己的个性。专家还称，鱼类能感到疼痛。然而，人们习惯上把鱼类当做一种食物。称鱼类有智慧，应该禁止食用鱼类这种观点一时难以被人们接受。 1．C　细节理解题。根据第一段的“It's not because they're bad for you, though fish in many areas are exposed to poisonous substances in the water.”可知，Dr Sylvia Earle不再吃鱼不是因为鱼生活在受污染的水里，故选C项。 返回目录 　 教师备用习题 2．A　推理判断题。根据第四段的“‘…like every other animal, some people think of fish as swimming vegetables，’ says Dr Lynne Sneddon. ‘Really, it's kind of a moral question. Is the enjoyment you get from fishing (or eating fish) more important than the pain of the fish？’”可知，Dr Lynne Sneddon认为，人们把鱼当作一种食物，就像其他蔬菜一样，从钓鱼或吃鱼过程中得到的快乐比鱼的痛苦重要，由此可见，Dr Lynne Sneddon不赞同食用鱼类的行为，故选A项。 返回目录 　 教师备用习题 3．A　词义猜测题。根据第四段的“‘While it may seem conspicuous that fish are able to feel pain…’”可知这是一个让步状语从句，这里指的是虽然鱼类能感到疼痛似乎是很明显的，但是，人们习惯上把它当作一种食物，故选A项。 4．D　推理判断题。根据最后一段的“‘…Don't eat salad because cucumbers have feelings？’”可知，cucumber是做沙拉的一种蔬菜，是“黄瓜”的意思，故选D项。 返回目录 　 教师备用习题 5．B　写作意图题。文章前四段讲的是建议人们停止食用鱼类，后二段讲的是反对者的看法和疑问。总的来看，文章并未给出是否应该食用鱼类的定论，只是引出了一个要不要吃鱼的话题，故选B项。 专题二十四　社会生活型阅读理解 专 题 导 读 真 题 典 例

　　新 题 预 测 返回目录 专题二十四　社会生活型阅读理解 社会生活类阅读文章在高考中的出现频率较高。它涉及人们衣、食、住、行等方面的社会现象、生活经历、饮食、饮食与健康、休闲与娱乐、旅游、生态旅游、服装、住房等内容。这类文章同学们读起来感觉轻松，试题做起来也比较得心应手。在高考阅读理解题中，这类文章属搭配类材料，所以，它的命题多数属于中低等难度的送分题，如细节理解题、计算题、识图题等。此类文章的命题多以细节理解题为主。做题时，要先从题干中找到关键性词语，然后快速在文章中寻找相关细节，细心比较所给选项与文中细节的区别，在准确理解了细节的前提下，最终确定最佳答案。 返回目录 专 题 导 读 返回目录 专题二十四　社会生活型阅读理解 真 题 典 例

　　[2017•天津卷]

　　People aren't walking any more—if they can figure out a way to avoid it. I felt superior about this matter until

　　the other day I took my car to mail a small parcel. The journey is a matter of 281 steps. But I used the car. And I wasn't in any hurry, either. I had merely become one more victim of a national sickness: motorosis. 返回目录 专题二十四　社会生活型阅读理解 真 题 典 例

　　It is an illness to which I had thought myself immune(免疫的), for I was bred in the tradition of going to places on my own two legs. At that time, we regarded 25 miles as good day's walk and the ability to cover such a distance in ten hours as a sign of strength and skill. It did not occur to us that walking was a hardship. And the effect was lasting. When I was 45 years old I raced—and beat—a teenage football player the 168 steps up the Stature of Liberty. 返回目录 专题二十四　社会生活型阅读理解 真 题 典 例

　　Such enterprises today are regarded by many middle­aged persons as bad for the heart. But a well­known British physician, Sir Adolphe Abrhams, pointed out recently that hearts and bodies need proper exercise. A person who avoids exercise is more likely to have illnesses than one who exercises regularly. And walking is an ideal form of exercise—the most familiar and natural of all. 返回目录 专题二十四　社会生活型阅读理解 真 题 典 例

　　It was Henry Thoreau who showed mankind the richness of going on foot. The man walking can learn the

　　trees, flowers, insects, birds and animals, the significance of seasons, the very feel of himself as a living creature in a living world. He cannot learn in a car. The car is a convenient means of transport, but we have made it our way of life. Many people don't dare to approach Nature any more; to them the world they were born to enjoy is all threat. To them security is a_steel_river thundering on a concrete road. And much of their thinking takes place while waiting for the traffic light to turn green. 返回目录 专题二十四　社会生活型阅读理解 真 题 典 例

　　I say that the green of forests is the mind's best light. And none but the man on foot can evaluate what is basic and everlasting. 返回目录 专题二十四　社会生活型阅读理解 真 题 典 例

　　1．What is the national sickness? A．Walking too much. B．Travelling too much. C．Driving cars too much. D．Climbing stairs too much. 2．What was life like when the author was young? A．People usually went around on foot. B．People often walked 25 miles a day. C．People used to climb the Statue of Liberty. D．People considered a ten­hour walk as a hardship. 返回目录 专题二十四　社会生活型阅读理解 真 题 典 例

　　3．The author mentions Henry Thoreau to prove that________. A．middle­aged people like getting back to nature B．walking in nature helps enrich one's mind C．people need regular exercise to keep fit D．going on foot prevents heart disease 4．What is compared to “a steel river” in Paragraph 6? A．A queue of cars. B．A ray of traffic light. C．A flash of lightning. D．A stream of people. 返回目录 专题二十四　社会生活型阅读理解 真 题 典 例

　　5．What is the author's intention of writing this passage? A．To tell people to reflect more on life. B．To recommend people to give up driving. C．To advise people to do outdoor activities. D．To encourage people to return to walking. 返回目录 专题二十四　社会生活型阅读理解 真 题 典 例

　　【文章大意】 本文是一篇议论文。作者认为全国的人们都患了一种病motorosis，即人们过多地使用汽车，而不走路。作者把现在的自己和年轻时的自己走路做了对比，同时又用专家的观点来证明自己的观点以此鼓励人们要回归走路。 1．C　细节理解题。根据第二段中的最后一句“…a national sickness: motorosis.”以及前文的“The journey is a matter of 281 steps. But I used the car.”可知作者提到的全国通病就是人们开车太多了。故C项正确。 返回目录 专题二十四　社会生活型阅读理解 真 题 典 例

　　2．A　细节理解题。根据第三段中的内容，作者年轻时靠自己的双腿去某个地方，一天走25英里路，从没感觉走路是一种痛苦。由此可知，作者年轻时人们通常靠自己的双脚到处走动。故A项正确。 3．B　推理判断题。根据第五段中的第一句“It was Henry Thoreau who showed mankind the richness of going on foot.”可知作者提到Henry Thoreau是为了证明用脚走路可以丰富人类的大脑。故B项正确。 4．A　词义猜测题。根据画线词组后面的“…while waiting for the traffic light to turn green.”可知是车在等交通灯变绿，所以这里是指一排车。故A项正确。 返回目录 专题二十四　社会生活型阅读理解 真 题 典 例

　　5．D　推理判断题。总览全文可知，“我”用自己的亲身经历告诉读者现在很多人都依赖车，不自己走路了，而走路使人身体健康，丰富人的内心。作者同时引用名人名言，进一步证明自己的观点，其目的都是在鼓励人们重新回归走路。所以D项正确。 返回目录 专题二十四　社会生活型阅读理解 新 题 预 测 (一) In our world today, the media and entertainment industries are constantly focusing on beauty over brains. Movies, television shows, commercials, and magazines all make use of models and actors whose physical attributes(特性) will sell their products. 返回目录 专题二十四　社会生活型阅读理解 新 题 预 测

　　As our country is trying to reduce the obesity numbers, eating disorder statistics continue to increase due to the push for thinner people. While obesity is a serious medical condition that can lead to many health problems, many of us try to lose weight for appearance purposes. Children as young as elementary school age have begun to worry about the_numbers_that_appear_on_the_scale. In my opinion, it seems that “fat” has become the new “ugly”． 返回目录 专题二十四　社会生活型阅读理解 新 题 预 测 Two weeks ago, 37­year­old Wisconsin television reporter Jennifer Livingston, who is 235 pounds, received an e­mail from a man named Krause. In the e­mail Krause attacked her, writing, “Your physical condition hasn't improved for many years. Surely you don't consider yourself a suitable example for this community's young people, girls in particular.” 返回目录 专题二十四　社会生活型阅读理解 新 题 预 测 Today, it seems that a vast majority of people care more about how they look and appear to their peers rather than what is inside. The truth is that every person is built differently; we all come in different shapes and sizes. Just because someone is heavier doesn't mean he or she eats large amounts of junk food around the day. Likewise, even though a person is thin, that doesn't mean he or she is necessarily healthy and fit. 返回目录 专题二十四　社会生活型阅读理解 新 题 预 测 If you are reading this and you struggle with your weight or your appearance, please recognize that you are beautiful and special in your own way. You are worth so much more than you realize, and even if I don't know you, understand that I respect and support you. Beauty is not defined by size; it is defined by how we treat others and respect ourselves. In the words of the talented film actress Kirstie Alley, “There's a lot more to life than how fat or thin you are.” 返回目录 专题二十四　社会生活型阅读理解 新 题 预 测 1．With so many people losing weight, it will end in ________. A．models' and actors' appearance in ads B．the fall of media and entertainment industries C．more and more people becoming obese D．more people's suffering from eating disorder 2．The underlined words “the numbers that appear on the scale” in the second paragraph may mean “________”． A．intelligence

　　B．weight

　　C．patience

　　D．strength 返回目录 专题二十四　社会生活型阅读理解 新 题 预 测 3．The writer used the example of Jennifer Livingston to show ________. A．people think “fat” looks ugly

　　B．fat people are becoming cleverer C．physical condition is good

　　D．young people never follow an example 4．What Kirstie Alley said means ________. A．people should pay attention to the appearance B．there is no need for any people to go on a diet C．people are beautiful when they concern others D．there's always someone who understands and supports you 返回目录 专题二十四　社会生活型阅读理解 新 题 预 测 【文章大意】 这篇文章讲了减肥会造成一些不好的影响，并且解释了美的真谛。人们关心其他人时就是美丽的。 1．D　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“As our country is trying to reduce the obesity numbers, eating disorder statistics continue to increase due to the push for thinner people.”可知，越来越多的人减肥，会导致更多的人饮食混乱，故选D项。 返回目录 专题二十四　社会生活型阅读理解 新 题 预 测 2．B　词义猜测题。根据第二段的“While obesity is a serious medical condition that can lead to many health problems, many of us try to lose weight for appearance purposes. Children as young as elementary school age have begun to worry about the numbers that appear on the scale.”可推出the numbers that appear on the scale意思是“体重”，故选B项。 返回目录 专题二十四　社会生活型阅读理解 新 题 预 测 3．A　推理判断题。根据第三段“Two weeks ago, 37­year­old Wisconsin television reporter Jennifer Livingston, who is 235 pounds, received an e­mail from a man named Krause…girls…”可推测作者用Jennifer Livingston的例子说明人们认为胖看起来很丑，故选A项。 4．C　推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Beauty is not defined by size; it is defined by how we treat others and respect ourselves. In the words of the talented film actress Kirstie Alley, ‘There's a lot more to life than how fat or thin you are.’”可知，Kirstie Alley说的话的意思是人们关心其他人时就是美丽的，故选C项。 返回目录 专题二十四　社会生活型阅读理解 新 题 预 测 (二) Can you believe everything that you read? It seems as if every day some new articles come out about a new discovery about this or that. For example, water is bad for you, or good for you. The answer depends on which scientific study has just come out. People cannot decide which food items are healthy, how pyramids were constructed, and why dinosaurs disappeared. When we look for answers, we sometimes can believe persuasive researches and scientists. But how trustworthy are they really? Here are two examples of scientific hoaxes(骗局)． 返回目录 专题二十四　社会生活型阅读理解 新 题 预 测 As far back as 1726, Johann Beringer was fooled by his fellow scientists into thinking he had made an amazing discovery. The fossils of spiders, lizards, and even birds with the name of God written on them in Hebrew were unlike anything that had been found before. He wrote several papers on them and was famous for those only to have it revealed that they were planted by jealous colleagues to ruin his reputation. 返回目录 专题二十四　社会生活型阅读理解 新 题 预 测 When an early human being was discovered in 1912, scientists at this time were wild with excitement over the meaning it had for the theory of evolution. There were hundreds of papers about this Piltdown Man over the next fifty years until it was finally discovered to be a complex hoax. The skull(头骨) of a man had been mixed with the jawbone of an orangutan(猩猩) to make an ape(猿)a man. 返回目录 专题二十四　社会生活型阅读理解 新 题 预 测 The next time you read the exciting new findings of a study of the best scientist, do not automatically assume that it is true. Even qualified people can get it wrong. While we certainly should not ignore scientific research, we do need to take it with_a_grain_of_salt. Just because it is accepted as the truth today does not mean it will still be trustworthy tomorrow. 返回目录 专题二十四　社会生活型阅读理解 新 题 预 测 5．What does Paragraph 1 want to say? A．Researchers and scientists are not perfect. B．Something that we read may not be true. C．Researchers and scientists know everything. D．People don't know whether water is good or bad. 返回目录 专题二十四　社会生活型阅读理解 新 题 预 测 6．What is the reason why Johann Beringer was fooled? A．His fellow scientists wanted to make fun of him. B．His workmates are eager to become famous too. C．These scientists made a mistake because of carelessness. D．His colleagues envied him and did so to destroy his fame. 返回目录 专题二十四　社会生活型阅读理解 新 题 预 测 7．The excited scientists thought that this Piltdown Man ________.　 A．was in fact a complex hoax B．was a great scientific invention C．contributed to the theory of evolution D．had the skull like that of an ape 8．What does the underlined phrase “with a grain of salt” in Paragraph 4 mean? A．Happily.

　　B．Generally.

　　C．Doubtfully.

　　D．Completely. 返回目录 专题二十四　社会生活型阅读理解 新 题 预 测 9．What can we learn from the passage? A．Hebrew is probably a kind of language. B．Truths of science will never be out of time. C．People believe scientists because they are persuasive. D．We are advised to believe famous scientists.