专限时训练(十八) [说明文型完形填空]
(限时：每篇10分钟)
(一)
A survey done by the University of Michigan shows a big drop in the number of teenagers who say they smoke cigarettes.
In the survey, over 44,000 students in grades 8, 10 and 12, from 424 schools across the
__1__
were asked about their smoking habits. The results show that smoking among 8th graders
__2__
from 21 percent in 2002, to 12 percent in 2007.In the same period, smoking dropped from 30% to 21 % among 10th graders and from 37 % to 30 % among 12th graders.
Antismoking organizations think educating kids about smoking risks are the
__3__
of the drop. “The important
__4__
in teen smoking did not just happen by chance，” says study director Lloyd D．Johnston. “A lot of individuals and organizations have been trying to
__5__
the high rates of teenagers.”
Others say the
__6__
price of cigarettes is an important reason teens are cutting back.
__7__
the reason, the drop in teen smoking is good news to everyone, even cigarettemaking companies who
__8__
their product is only for adults, not kids. Health experts are particularly
paying attention to teenage smoking habits
__9__
lifetime smokers often get hooked on smoking at an early age.
But some say that the new figures aren’t exactly cause for
__10__
. While it is true fewer teens are smoking today than five years ago, the rate of teen smoking is still higher than it was.
Cigarette smoking is the
__11__
cause of preventable death and disease in this country. “Our survey
__12__
that a lot of teens still do not understand the dangers of smoking, particularly the younger teens，” Johnston said.
()1.A.country
B．school
C．city
D．university
()2.A.went up
B．came up
C．went down
D．came over
()3.A.result
B．cause
C．reason
D．excuse
()4.A.figure
B．result
C．habit
D．drop
()5.A.bring down
B．bring up
C．take off
D．get down
()6.A.higher
B．reasonable
C．lower
D．normal
()7.A.Whichever
B．Whatever
C．However
D．Wherever
()8.A.ask
B．doubt
C．warn
D．know
()9.A.unless
B．until
C．because
D．before
()10.A.celebration
B．sure
C．attention
D．study
()11.A.leading
B．part
C．bad
D．good
()12.A.thinks
B．demands
C．tells
D．suggests
(二)
People who are cheerful and relaxed are less likely to suffer from colds. It’s __13__ that being full of vim(活力) and vigor (精力)helps the body fight illnesses, say the researchers from Carnegie Mellon University (CMU) in Pittsburgh.
“We need to take more seriously the possibility that a __14__ emotional style is a major player in disease risk，” says psychologist Sheldon Cohen, the study’s lead researcher.
In a previous study, Cohen and his colleagues found that people who__15__ to be cheerful and lively were least likely to develop sniffles, coughs, and other cold symptoms(症状).
Those findings were interesting, but they didn’t prove that a person’s __16__ affects whether he or she gets sick. Instead, it was still possible that a person’s underlying personality is what matters.
__17__ suggests, for instance, that certain people are naturally more likely to be outgoing and
optimistic, with high selfrespect and a sense of __18__ over life. This would mean that who we are, not how we feel, finally decides our __19__ of catching colds.
To figure out which mattered more (personality or emotions), the CMU team
__20__193 healthy adults. The researchers talked to each person over the phone every evening for 2 weeks. They told the researchers about the positive and negative __21__ they had experienced that day.
The results showed that everyone in the study was__22__ likely to get infected. Their symptoms, however, __23__ depending on the types of emotions that they had reported over the previous 2 weeks.
Scientists__24__ about whether negative emotions or positive emotions have a stronger effect on how healthy we are. For now, it can’t hurt to look on the bright side more often than not!
()13.A.necessary
B．possible
C．doubtful
D．certain
()14.A.general
B．standard
C．passive
D．positive
()15.A.failed
B．managed
C．tended
D．had
()16.A.thought
B．attitude
C．strength
D．quality
()
C．most
D．hardly
()23.A.occurred
B．differed
C．suffered
D．reduced
()24.A.talk
B．know
C．argue
D．think
专限时训练(十八)
(一)
本文是说明文。全文说明了一项关于青少年吸烟问的调查。调查显示，青少年吸烟的人数在过去的五年里呈下降趋势，但也有人对此数据表示怀疑。
1．A 联系后文Cigarette smoking is the … cause of preventable death and disease in this country.我们知道，这是对全国424个学校的调查。
2．C 联系空后from 21 percent in 2002, to 12 percent in 2007我们知道，数量在下降。
3．B 对于青少年关于吸烟危害的教育是数量下降的原因。result 指“结果”；reason指“理由”； excuse意思是“借口”。
4．D 联系前文的数据我们知道青少年吸烟人数在下降。因此此空用drop。
5．A 联系空后的the high rates of teenagers我们知道，个人与组织一直以来试图降低高比率。
6．A 联系空后的内容我们知道，香烟价格的日益高涨是青少年吸烟人数减少的重要原因。
7．B whatever the reason是whatever the reason is的省略形式，whatever引导了让步状语从句，相当于no matter what。
8．C 联系空后their product is only for adults我们知道，香烟公司提出告诫。
9．C 前后为因果关系，因此可排除其他选项。
10．A 联系空后的内容， While it is true fewer teens are smoking today than five years ago, the rate of teen smoking is still higher than it was.我们知道，目前情况仍不容乐观。
11．A 吸烟是……的首要原因。B有一定干扰性，可以说part of the reason，意思是“部分原因”。
12．D 调查表明(suggests)很多青少年仍不能理解吸烟的危害性。
(二)
本文是说明文。全文讲述了通过研究，发现乐观轻松的人患感冒的机会很少。
13．B 联系文章最后一段…whether negative emotions or positive emotions have a stronger effect on how healthy we are 我们知道，对此人们还不能确定，只是有可能。
14．D 联系前文的cheerful and relaxed我们可以得此答案。本中其他选项均有一定干扰性。general一般的； standard标准的； passive被动的。
15．C 联系空后的内容我们知道倾向于乐观的人患病的可能小。本中B有较大干扰性。manage to do sth. 则重于排除困难设法做成某事，而本文讲述的是性格，因此可排除。
16．B 联系前文我们知道to be cheerful and lively是一种人生态度。本中D项有较大干扰性。quality指“品德”，因此可排除。
17．C 本文讲述的是科学实验，因此为evidence。
18．A 联系空前的selfrespect 和空后的over life可得此答案。本其他选项均有一定干扰性。a sense of responsibility责任感； a sense of direction方向感； a sense of urgency紧迫感。
19．C 联系空后的of catching colds我们可得此答案。
20．D 联系后文over the phone 我们可得出答案。
21．B 联系前文的personality和emotions我们得出feelings的答案。本中A、C均有一定干扰性。character性格； attitude态度； 联系后文they had experienced that day可排除。
22．A 联系后文Their symptoms, however，…我们知道，每个人被感染的机会是相等的。
23．B 联系本段第一句我们可得此答案。
24．C 联系空后的内容我们知道，科学家对积极情感与消极情感对健康的影响产生争论。