特殊句式
【2017新课标全国卷II】12．Only by increasing the number of doctors by 50 percent ________ properly in this hospital.
A．can be the patients treated
B．can the patients be treated
C．the patients can be treated
D．treated can be the patients
【解析】 题干的意思是：“只有把这家医院医生的人数增加50%，病人才能得到适当的治疗。”“only＋状语”位于句首时，句子须用部分倒装语序。【答案】 B
34．Not until he went through real hardship ________ the love we have for our families is important.
A．had he realized
B．did he realize
C．he realized
D．he had realized
【解析】 题干的意思是：“直到他经历了真正的困难，他才意识到我们对家人的爱的重要性。”由题干中句首的关键信息Not until可知此处要用部分倒装，排除C、D两项；而A项用了过去完成时，表示“realize表示的动作发生在从句谓语went through表示的动作之前”，这显然不合逻辑，所以排除A项；而B项无论从语序还是从时态上讲，都是非常正确的。【答案】 B
26．At no time ________ the rules of the game.It was unfair to punish them.
A．they actually broke
B．do they actually break
C．did they actually break
D．they had actually broken
【解析】 句意为“实际上他们从来没有违反比赛的规则。惩罚他们是不公平的”。at no time意为“决不；从不，任何时刻都不”，当其位于句首时，句子应该用部分倒装结构，故排除A项和D项；根据第二个句子的时态可知，此处应该用过去时态，故排除B项。【答案】 C
27．“Never for a second” the boy says，“________that my father would come to my rescue.”
A．I doubted
B．do I doubt
C．I have doubted
D．did I doubt
【解析】 句意：这个男孩说：“我从来没有怀疑过我爸爸会来救我。”当否定副词或具有否定含义的短语置于句首时，句子常用部分倒装。本题中，Never for a second置于句首，所以句子要用部分倒装。再根据would come to...可知，是在讲过去发生的事情，故应用过去时。故答案选D。【答案】 D
35．Not once________to Michael that he could one day become a top student in his class.
A．occurred it
B．it did occur
C．it occurred
D．did it occur
【解析】 题干的意思是：“迈克尔成为班里的第一名这样的情况一次也没有发生过。”否定副词not置于句首用于强调时，句子要用部分倒装，故答案为D。解答这类题目需要了解用于倒装的各种前提，准确理解句子含义。【答案】 D
25．Only when he apologizes for his rudeness________to him again.
A．I will speak
B．will I speak
C．do I speak
D．I speak
【解析】 句意：只有他为他的粗鲁道歉时，我才会再跟他讲话。only＋时间状语从句放在句首时，句子要部分倒装。will表示愿意做某事。【答案】 B
10．It was only after he had read the papers ________ Mr.Gross realized the task before him was extremely difficult to complete.
A．when
B．that
C．which
D．what
【解析】 题干的意思是：“直到他读了文件之后，格罗斯先生才意识到他面前的任务非常难完成。”本句为强调句型，强调状语only after he had read the papers。根据强调句结构“It is/was＋被强调部分＋that＋剩余部分”可知选B。此外，我们也可以将It is/was与空格去掉来验证此句是不是一个强调句。【答案】 B
11．It was not until near the end of the letter ________ she mentioned her own plan.
A．that
B．where
C．why
D．when
【解析】 本题考查强调句型：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that＋其他部分。句意为“直到快写到信的结尾的时候，她才提到了自己的计划”。句中被强调的部分是时间状语not until near the end of the letter。【答案】 A
27．It was with the help of the local guide________the mountain climber was rescued.
A．who
B．that
C．when
D．how
【解析】 句意：正是在当地导游的帮助下那位爬山者获救了。这是一个It is/was...that...强调句型。判断的标准是：把It is/was和that去掉，然后调整句子的顺序看句子是否成立。如果成立，就是强调句型，反之则不是。而本题将It was和that去掉并调整顺序后为“The mountain climber was rescued with the help of the local guide.”，句子完整无缺，因此是强调句型，所以答案为B。【答案】 B
23．The famous musician，as well as his students，______ to perform at the opening ceremony of the 2017 Taipei Flower Expo.
A．were invited
B．was invited
C．have been invited
D．has been invited
【解析】 题干的意思是：“这位著名的音乐家和他的学生被邀请为2017年台北花卉展的开幕式表演。”“被邀请”是一个发生在过去的动作，而且不表示对现在造成了影响，也不表示动作持续到现在，所以不能选用完成时。根据主谓一致的语法规则，A as well as B作主语时，遵循“就前原则”，也就是说谓语动词要和A保持一致。也可以理解为本句的主语是A而不是B，所以本题谓语动词的数要和the famous musician保持一致，用was invited。【答案】 B
21．Generally，students' inner motivation with high expectations from others ________ essential to their development.
A．isB．are
C．was
D．were
【解析】 句意：一般说来，别人对其期望值高的学生，他们的内在动机对自身的发展是至关重要的。分析句子结构可知，该句的主语部分为students' inner motivation with high expectations from others，中心词inner motivation显然为第三人称单数。再根据generally(一般说来)判断该句话讲的是通常情况，所以用一般现在时。解答该类题目的关键在于找准中心词。【答案】 A
33．The university estimates that living expenses for international students________around $8,450 a year, which________a burden for some of them.
A．are; is
B．are; are
C．is; are
D．is; is
【解析】 题干的意思是：“这所大学估计，国际学生的生活费用每年大约8 450美元，这对他们中的一些学生来说是一个负担。”第一个空的主语为living expenses“生活费用”，所以谓语动词用复数形式；“which________a burden for some of them”是一个非限制性定语从句，which指代前面的“生活费用高”这件事，故此处谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。【答案】 A
28．The driver wanted to park his car near the roadside but was asked by the police ________.
A．not to do
B．not to
C．not do
D．do not
【解析】 本题考查动词不定式符号to的保留、不定式符号to后面的省略以及不定式的否定形式。句意：那个司机想把他的小汽车停在路边，但是警察让他不要把车停在路边。通过分析题干，再结合句意可知，动词不定式符号to后面省略了“park his car near the roadside”，全句补充完整是“The driver wanted to park his car near the roadside but was asked by the police not to park his car near the roadside.”。在此种用法中可以只在句中保留不定式符号to，从而把与前面重复的内容省略；动词不定式的否定形式是直接在不定式符号to的前面加上否定副词not/never，故答案选B项。【答案】 B
19．There are some health problems that，when ________ in time，can become bigger ones later on.
A．not treated
B．not being treated
C．not to be treated
D．not having been treated
【解析】 题干的意思是：“有一些健康问题，如果没得到及时的治疗，在以后会变成更为严重的问题。”分析句子结构可知，此处是状语从句的省略，从句主语problems与treat之间为被动关系，故A项正确，其完整的形式为when they are not treated in time。此句实际上是分隔式定语从句。定语从句that can become bigger ones later on被when not treated in time分隔开来了。【答案】 A
30．Every day________a proverb aloud several times until you have it memorized.
A．read
B．reading
C．to read
D．reads
【解析】 题干的意思是：“一则谚语每天大声朗读几遍直到你记住。”此处考查祈使句的用法，故答案为A。考生易受every day的干扰，其实不管时间状语的位置如何，只要确定了关键动词和语气就能判断是不是祈使句。解答这类题目需要对常见句式熟记于心并准确理解句子含义。【答案】 A32．Anyone，once ________ positive for H7N9 flu virus，will receive free medical treatment from our government.
A．to be tested
B．being tested
C．tested
D．to test
【解析】 题干的意思是：一旦H7N9禽流感病毒被检测为阳性，任何人都会受到我们政府的免费医治。由题干中的关键信息once可知此处为时间状语从句的省略。根据状语从句中省略的条件：“当主从句的主语一致，并且从句的谓语包括动词be时，可将从句的主语和动词be一起省略”，逆推可将该从句还原为“once anyone is tested positive for H7N9 flu virus”，并且时间状语从句中要用一般现在时代替一般将来时，所以该题目自然是省略了“anyone is”。解答这类题目需要抓住句中的关键信息，准确理解句子含义。【答案】 C
34．If________to look after luggage for someone else, inform the police at once.
A．asked
B．to ask
C．asking
D．having asked
【解析】 句意：如果被要求为他人照看行李，请立即通知警察。主句为祈使句，省略了主语you，根据语境可知，条件状语从句中ask与you之间为动宾关系，故选A项。【答案】 A
【考点】
【答案】
【解析】34. You have to move out of the way
the truck cannot get past you.
A. so
B. or
C. and
D. but
【考点】考查并列连词。
【答案 【解析— I don’t know about you, but I’m sick and tired of this weather.
— _________. I can’t stand all this rain. A. I don’t care
B. It’s hard to say
C. So am I
D. I hope not
【考点】考查倒装句的用法。
【答案解析I can’t stand all this rain可知，此处与上一句中的I’m sick and tired of the weather表达同样的感受，因此应该用So am I，表示“我也是”。
【2017江苏卷】25.There is little doubt in your mind that he is innocent, _______________?
A. is there B. isn't there C. is he D. isn't he
【考点】考查反意疑问句。
【答案】A
【解析】根据前面there be句型里含有否定意义的词little，所以反意疑问句用肯定形式，其主谓应与陈述部分的主谓保持一致，故选A项。
【举一反三】陈述部分如含有”never/hardly/scarcely/seldom/little/few/nobody/nothing…”等否定词或半否定词时，这部分应视为否定形式，简短问句就用肯定形式。如：
He was hardly twelve then，was he?他当时几乎不到十二岁，是吗?
陈述部分含有带”否定”前缀的词，则这部分应看做肯定形式，简短问句就用否定形式。如：
she dislikes the way you work，doesn’t she?她不喜欢你的工作方式，对吗?
2017湖南35. All the scientific evidence ____ that increasing use of chemicals in farming ____ damaging our health.
A. show; are B. shows; are C. show; is D. shows; is
【考点】本题考查主谓一致D
【解析】第一空的主语evidence为不可数，所以排除A、C；第二空主语为increasing use也是不可数，所以选D。主谓一致 不可数名词/动名词/含介词短语的部分作主语
[2017湖南30. It was not until I came here ____ I realized this place was famous, for not only its beauty but also its weather.
A. who B. that C. where D. before
【考点】本题考查强调句。B
【解析】把it was及空去掉，可转换为一个完整的句子。且这是表示“直到……时才”的句型之一：it was not until … that …。复合句 强调句型that
—倒装结构
【答案】C
【解析】空白处前为否定词“nor”位于句首，句子应该使用部分倒装结构，而且根据语境空白处应使用一般将来时，C选项符合题意。因此，正确答案为C选项。
【2017重庆卷】32. It was 80 years before Christopher Columbus crossed the Atlantic______ Zheng sailed to East Africa.
A. when
B. that
C. after
D. since
【考点】特殊句式—强调句型
【答案】B
【解析】句子虽然比较长，但是其主干为强调句型，是对“80 years before Christopher Columbus crossed the Atlantic”进行了强调，由此可知，空白处应该填写“that”。因此，正确答案为B选项。
【2017辽宁卷】32.
Not until he retired from teaching three years ago
having a holiday abroad.
A.
he had considered
B.
had he considered
C.
he considered
D.
did he consider
【考点】特殊句式—倒装。
【解析】Not until位于句首时句子要倒装，consider having a holiday abroad这个动作发生在retire之后，所以用一般过去时。
【2017四川卷】4. At school, some students are active ______ some are shy, yet they can be good friends with one another.
A. while
B. although
C. so
D. as
【答案】 【答案】 nor位于句首引起部分倒装，排除B、D；再根据句意“这并不是（关于）我的故事，它也不是故事的全部。我的故事的结局不同。”选代词it。故答案选C。
【2017陕西卷】12.The basketball coach, as well as his team , ______interviewed shortly after the match for their outstanding performance.
A. were
B. was
C. is
D. are
【答案】B
【考点】考查动词时态和主谓一致。
【解析】主语中心词是the basketball coach，是单数，根据shortly after the match可以推断出题干时态是一般过去时，故选B。
【2017北京卷】31. ______ at the door before you enter my room, please.
A. Knock
B. Knocking
C. Knocked
D. To knock
【答案】A
【考点】考查祈使句。
【2017天津卷】6.Only after Mary read her composition the second time_________ the spelling mistake.【A】
did she notice B. she noticed
C. does she notice
D. she has noticed
【2011全国卷I 22】Try____ she might, Sue couldn’t get the door open.
A. if
B. when
C. sine
D. as
【答案】D
【考点】本题考查倒装。
【解析】as引导的让步状语从句，应将状语、表语甚至谓语提前构成形式上的倒装。题目前半句说，她试过；后半句说Sue不能打开门，明显前后两句意思相反。As表示虽然，尽管。
【2011全国卷I 28】Only when he reached the tea-house ______it was the same place he’d been in last year.
A. he realized
B. he did realize
C. realized he
D. did he realize
【答案】D
【考点】本题考查倒装句。
【解析】Only引导的状语从句位于句首，应把主句中动词的助动词提前构成部分倒装。
【2011福建卷29】—It’s nice. Never before____ such a special drink!
—I’m glad you like it.
A.I have had
B. I had
C. have I had
D. had I
【答案】C
【考点】考查时态及倒装。
【解析】never是否定副词，置于句首，句子要部分倒装；由语意可知说话人以前从未喝过这样特别的饮料，应该用现在完成时，故选C项。
【2011湖南卷32】Only after they had discussed the matter for a few hours _______a decision
A. they reached
B. did they reach
C. they reach
D. do they reach
【答案】B
【考点】本题考查only前置的倒装句。
【解析】Only引导状语从句前置，主句主谓要部分倒装。又因为从前文中的"had discussed"判断出是过去时间，故选B；句意：只有在他们讨论这个问题好几个小时之后他们才作出决定。
【2011四川卷15】Was it on a lonely island ______ he was saved one month after the boat went down?
A. where
B. that
C. which
D. what
【答案】B
【考点】考查强调句。
【解析】此处强调的是句子的地点状语on a lonely island，是强调句的一般疑问句句型：Was it + 被强调部分+ that +句子？句意：“他是不是在小船沉没一个月后在一个孤岛上被营救的？”
【2011陕西卷23】It is not how much we do but how much love we put into what we do______benefits our work most.
A. who
B. which
C. that
D. what
【答案】C
【考点】考查强调句。
【解析】强调句型:It is/was +被强调部分+that连接句子的其他部分。答案选择C。
【2011重庆卷28】I told them not everybody could run as fast as you did, ______ ?
A. could he
B. didn’t I
C. didn’t you
D. could they
【答案】B
【考点】考查反意疑问句反意疑问句”，所以选择B。
【2011重庆卷32】—Have you seen the film Under the Hawthorn Tree?
— Of course, I have. It was in our village _______ it was made.
A.that
B.where
C.when
D.which
【答案】A
【考点】考查强调句2011湖南卷35】It’s not what we do once in a while ______ shapes our lives, but what we do consistently
A .which
B. that
C. how
D. when
【答案】B
【考点】本题考查强调句型。
【解析】本题考查强调句型。强调主语。故选B。句子意思：决定我们生活的东西不是我们偶尔所做的事情而是那些我们自始至终所做的事情。
【2011全国卷II13】Jane won’t join us for dinner tonight and
.
A. neither won’t Tom
B. Tom won’t either
C. Tom will too
D. so will Tom
【答案】B
【考点】考查特殊句式。
【解析】句意：简不会来参加我们今晚的宴会，汤姆也不会来。此处是否定句，故使用either，而too一般用于肯定句中。此处也可以用so倒装的否定式，即neither/nor will Tom．注意A项中neither表否定意义，所以不能用won’t。
【2011江苏卷33】It sounds like something is wrong with the car’s engine._______ , we’d better take it to the garage immediately.
A. Otherwise
B. If not
C. But for that
D. If so
【答案】D
【考点】考查省略和替代。
【解析】句意：听起来车的发动机好像有问题，如果那样的话，我们最好立刻把它弄到汽修厂去。前后两句话之间是顺承关系。Otherwise否则，要不然；if not要不，不然；but for that若不是因为那件事；if so若是这样。
【2011辽宁卷33】_____ a strange plant! I've never seen it before.
A. Which
B. What
C. How
D. Whether
【答案】B
【考点】考查感叹句。
【解析】句意：多么奇怪的植物啊！我以前从没见过。此处为“What+a/an+adj.+n．+it is/was”的省略结构，故B项正确。
【2011上海卷 30】It doesn’t matter if they want to come to your party, _______?
A. doesn’t it
B. does it
C. don’t they
D. do they
【答案】B
【考点】考查反意疑问句。
【解析】反意疑问句