2017届高考英语一轮复习顶尖学案：必修3 Unit 7 The Sea 海洋（北师大版）
核心词汇
1．No professionals ____________(参加，参与)in the contest.
2．I attempted an honest ____________(评价)of my own life.
3．The government e__________ collapsed in 2010.
4．I didn’t know how to h__________ these people.
5．We give a special ____________(折扣)of 10 percent for cash.
6．The detective，nicknamed Holmes，is a ____________(引起恐怖的事物或人)to criminals.
7．The old man is a s__________ of the past age，who is 110 now.
8．The child made a very ____________(机智的) comment，which showed that he was a boy of very high ____________(智商)．
9．I owe you an __________ for my rudeness last night and now I __________ to you.(apology)
1.participated 2.evaluation 3.eventually 4.handle 5.discount 6.terror 7.survival 8.intelligent；intelligence 9.apology；apologise
高频短语
1．________________填写
2．________________
起航
3．________________
到达
4．________________
寻找，寻求
5．________________
注意
6．________________
突然，忽然
7．________________
取，接载
8．________________
根据，依照
9．________________
陷入麻烦，陷入困境
10．________________
谋生
11．________________
除……之外(还有)
12．________________
被覆盖
13．________________
从那时起
14．________________
在……边缘
15．________________
朝……的方向
1.fill out 2.set sail 3.make it to 4.in search of 5.watch out 6.all at once 7.pick up 8.according to,9.get into trouble 10.make a living 11.in addition to,12.be covered with 13.from then on 14.on the edge of,15.in the direction of
重点句式
1．They achieved this ____________ Columbus ever set sail.
早在哥伦布起航以前，他们就到达了。
2．______________ the old stories of Iceland and Norway，Eric the Red was forced to leave Iceland because he had ________________，for which he __________________.
根据冰岛和挪威的传说，埃里克·雷德因一起谋杀案而被迫离开冰岛。
重点句式
3．Eric set sail once again，this time with 25 ships，____________ only 14 ________________ Greenland.
埃里克又一次起航了，这次有25艘船，其中只有14艘成功抵达格陵兰岛。
4．________________ Eric the Red had landed in Greenland，a man called Biarni ____________ from Iceland ____________ Eric’s party.
埃里克·雷德登上格陵兰岛后不久，一个叫比阿尼的人就从冰岛起航寻找埃里克一行人。
5．It’s ________________ big underwater.
(冰山)水下部分是水上部分的三倍。
6．... I ____________ to recover ____________ my elder brother put his mouth close to my ear，and screamed out...
……我正竭力从恐惧中回过神来，就在这时哥哥把他的嘴放到我的耳朵旁，大声说出……
7．Some time after I left the boat，____________ my brother ____________ it，it sank into the bottom of the whirlpool.
在我离船不久，船带着我哥哥沉入了漩涡中。
8．Leif followed Biarni’s directions and sailed to ____________ is believed to be the coast of present－day Canada.
赖伊夫按照比阿尼的指示，航行到了被认为是目前加拿大海岸的地方。
9．One day，my two brothers and I were coming back from the islands，__________________.
一天，我和我的两个兄弟从海上打鱼归来，船上载满了鱼。
1.long before 2.According to；committed a murder；got into trouble 3.of which；made it to 4.Not long after；set sail；in search of 5.three times as 6.was trying；when,7.with；in 8.what 9.our boat full of fish
知识详解
1 .participate vi. 参加；参与
(回归课本P4)I also want you to remember that you should all actively participate in the discussion.
我同样想让你们记住你们都应该积极地参加讨论。
归纳拓展
①She actively participated in politics.
她积极参与政治活动。
②(牛津P1450)She didn’t participate in the discussion．
她没有参加讨论。
③(朗文P1667)We want more participation in the decision－making.
我们想更多地参与决策。
例句探源
易混解析
participate，join，take part in，attend
(1)participate指参与某活动，不指加入组织，常与介词in连用。
(2)join常指加入某一组织、团体等。当指加入某一活动时也与in连用。
(3)take part in指参加某种工作、事业或活动，并在其中发挥积极作用。
(4)attend多指参加某种活动或会议等，并成为观众或听众等。
①His brother joined the army at 20.
②All the people here join me in wishing you a happy New Year.
③Did you take_part_in the meeting yesterday?
④I will attend my brother’s wedding this Sunday.
1．Everyone in the class is expected to __________ these discussions.
A．share
B．join
C．contribute to
D．participate in
解析：选D。考查动词及动词词组辨析。句意：班上的每个人都被期望参加这些讨论。share“分享，共享”；join指参加某个组织或社团，而指参加某个活动时，则用join in；contribute to“有助于……，促进……”；participate in“参加某种活动”，符合句意。
2 .arrange v.安排；准备；整理；布置；排列
(回归课本P4)If not，then your group should arrange to meet outside of school hours...
如果没有，那你们组应该安排好在校外时间见面……
归纳拓展
例句探源
①(朗文P95)Have you arranged to meet Mark this weekend?
你安排了这个周末见马克吗？
②(朗文P95)The company will arrange for a taxi to meet you at the airport.
公司会安排一辆出租车去机场接你。
③(牛津P92)We can come to an arrangement over the price.
我们可以就价格问题达成一项协议。
2．—Why are you going to Canada again?
—Oh，my boss __________ for me to discuss the details further about that project.
A．asked B．arranged
C．sent
D．called
解析：选B。考查动词词义辨析。句意：——你为什么又要去加拿大？——噢，老板安排我去进一步讨论关于那个项目的细节问题。“arrange for sb.to do sth.安排某人做某事”符合句意。
3 .sign n.符号，记号；迹象，征兆；手势；招牌，
标志
v.签署；示意，打手势
(回归课本P5)Some chimpanzees have learnt sign language...
一些黑猩猩已学会了手势语……
归纳拓展
①He made a sign for me to follow him.
他向我示意跟着他(走)。
②(2010年高考福建卷)Therefore，students should be advised to sign up as soon as possible.
因此，建议学生尽早报名。
例句探源
高效记忆
3．介、副词填空
(1)All visitors must sign __________ on arrival.
答案：in
(2)She signed __________ with ‘Yours，Janet’．
答案：off
(3)The company has signed __________ three top models for the fashion show.
答案：up
4 .further adj. 更远的，进一步的
adv.更远地；而且；另外；再者
(回归课本P8)In 982 AD，when a man called Eric the Red decided to set sail further west...
在公元982年，埃里克·雷德决定向西更远的地方航行……
例句探源
①She can swim much further than I can．
她游泳游得比我远得多。
②(牛津P831)Think further back into your childhood.
再往前回想你的童年。
farther，further
两者都是far的比较级，可用作副词和形容词，但在意义上有所不同。
(1)farther多指空间或时间上更远。
(2)further不仅指时间、距离更进一些。还可用于引申意义“更进一步，更深一层”，此时，不能与farther换用。
易混解析
4．用farther，further填空
(1)The __________ it is from the earth，the thinner the air becomes.
答案：further/farther
(2)For __________ information，please go to www.yingyu.education．com.cn，and there，you can also get __________ education online.
答案：further；further
5 .persuade vt. 说服，劝服
(回归课本P8)He persuaded some people to go back with him to Greenland.
他说服了一些人跟他回格陵兰岛。
①(朗文P1118)He persuaded her into/out of going(＝to go/not to go)to the party.
他说服她参加/不参加这次聚会。
②We worked hard to persuade them that we were really interested in the project.
我们想尽办法以使他们相信我们确实对这一计划感兴趣。
例句探源
5．(2010年高考湖北卷)Duty is an act or a course of action that people __________ you to take by social customs，law or religion．
A．persuadeB．request
C．instruct
D．expect
解析：选D。考查动词辨析。句意：义务是一种行为的具体行动或过程，人们期望它的实施能够遵守社会习俗、法律或宗教信仰。persuade劝说，说服；request请求，要求；instruct命令，指令；expect期望，期盼。
6 .apologise vi. 道歉
(回归课本P9)Mr Johnson apologised for the mistake.
Johnson先生为这个错误而道歉。
归纳拓展
①(2010年高考四川卷)As we were about to arrive，the pilot announced with apology that there would be a slight delay before setting down．
当我们就要到达的时候，飞行员带着歉意宣布飞机将推迟降落。
②He apologised to her for coming late.
他因迟到而向她道歉。
③I apologise for having taken too much of your time.
我为占用你很多时间而表示歉意。
例句探源
6．Victor apologised for __________ to inform me of the change in the plan．
A．his being not ableB．him not to be able
C．his not being able
D．him to be not able
解析：选C。考查动名词的复合结构。句意：维克多为他没能通知我计划的变化而道歉。apologise for doing sth.“因做某事而道歉”，介词for后接动词－ing作宾语，故B、D两项错误，动名词的否定式是在其前加not，而且动名词可以有自己的逻辑主语，故not前可以用his或him。这样his(not)being...就构成了动名词的复合结构，作介词for的宾语。
7 .present vt.演示，讲演 adj. 当前的；到场的
(回归课本P11)How will you present your project?
你怎样展示你的项目呢？
【温馨提示】 present作为形容词时，作“在场的，出席的”讲时放在被修饰词的后面；而作为“现在的，目前的”讲时放在被修饰词的前面。
例句探源
①(2010年高考陕西卷)It is reported that many a new house is being built at present in the disaster area.
据报道，灾区有许多新房子正在修建。
②The film Avatar is well received at present/at the present time.
电影《阿凡达》目前很受欢迎。
③How many people were present at the meeting?
参加会议的有多少人？
7．翻译句子
出席会议的所有人都对目前的形势不满意。
________________________________________________________________________
答案：All the people present at the meeting were not satisfied with the present situation．
8.attract vt. 吸引
Some fish attract other fish with a light on their body－and then eat them!
一些鱼通过身体发光吸引别的鱼——然后吃掉它们！
归纳拓展
①(2010年高考江苏卷)Thousands of foreigners were attracted to the Shanghai World Expo the day it opened.
上海世博会开幕的当日吸引了成千上万的外宾。
②She felt an immediate attraction to him.
她对他一见钟情。
③One of the main attractions of the job is the high salary.
这份工作最吸引人的地方之一是薪水高。
例句探源
8．The city’s bright lights，theaters，films，etc.are __________.
A．great attraction
B．great attractions
C．attracting
D．very attracted
解析：选B。当attraction意为“向往的地方，有吸引力的事”时是可数名词，此句主语为bright lights，theaters，films，ect.，故attraction应用复数，排除A。此处还可用形容词attractive，意为“吸引人的，迷人的”，C项表示动作正在进行，D项表示被动，故选B。
9 .escape v．& n． 逃脱，逃跑，逃避
(回归课本P14)Without waiting，I dived into the sea to try and escape.
我毫不犹豫地跳进海里试图逃生。
归纳拓展
例句探源
①(2010年高考福建卷)A small hole allowed smoke to escape from the top.
一个小孔让烟从顶部冒出来。
②(牛津P676)There was no hope of escape from her disastrous marriage.
她无望从不幸婚姻中解脱出来。
③There’s no way to escape doing the work.
没办法逃脱做这项工作。
9．完成句子
为了不被捉住，小偷藏在了树林中。
In order to escape __________ __________ __________，the thief hid himself among the trees.
答案：from being caught
10 .survive v． 幸存，生存下来
(回归课本P14)Our boat survived，and I was trying to recover when my elder brother put his mouth close to my ear，...
我们的船没有沉，我正竭力从恐惧中回过神来，就在这时我的哥哥靠近我耳边说……
归纳拓展
例句探源
①(2010年高考湖北卷)．..the still water was so badly polluted that nothing could survive.
……静止的水受到如此严重的污染以至于没有什么能生存。
②The young lady survived the drowning because
of Meng Xiangbin’s timely rescue.
由于孟祥斌及时的救援，那位年轻女子免于被淹死。
③In the air crash，no one on the plane survived.
在这次坠机事件中，飞机上的人无一生还。
10．用survive的适当形式填空
(1)The whole country sent help to the __________ of the Wenchuan Earthquake.
答案：survivors
(2)The man’s __________ was surprising，as the doctors thought he would die.
答案：survival
(3)The car industry cannot __________ without government’s help.
答案：survive
11 .recover v.痊愈，康复；找回；重新获得，收回
(回归课本P14)．..I was trying to recover when my elder brother...
……我正竭力从恐惧中回过神来，就在这时我的哥哥……
归纳拓展
①(2010年高考广东卷)Most people recover from food poisoning after a few days of resting and drinking extra water.
经过几天的休息再加上多喝水，许多食物中毒的人恢复了过来。
②(牛津P1661)He’s still recovering from his operation．
手术后他仍在恢复之中。
例句探源
11．She __________ herself and stopped crying after Tom came back with the good news.
A．coveredB．recovered
C．discovered
D．uncovered
解析：选B。考查动词辨析。句意：汤姆带着好消息回来后，她稳定好情绪并停止了哭泣。cover“覆盖”；recover“痊愈，康复”；discover“发现”；uncover“发现，破获”，由句意可知B项正确。
12．As soon as little Tom had __________ a little from his shock，his first thought was to get away.
A．returned
B．absorbed
C．survived
D．recovered
解析：选D。考查动词辨析。根据语意判断，此处表示“从震惊中恢复过来”，因此用动词recover。survive“幸免于难，挺过”；return“返回”；absorb“吸收，吸引”。
12 .make it to 到达
(回归课本P8)Eric set sail once again，this time with 25 ships，of which only 14 made it to Greenland.
埃里克再一次启航了，这次有25艘船，其中只有14艘到达了格陵兰岛。
归纳拓展
①(朗文P917)We made it to the meeting.
我们参加了会议。
②(朗文P917)I think we’ll just make it!
我认为我们将及时到达！
③The flight leaves in twenty minutes—we’ll never make it.
再过二十分钟飞机就起飞了，我们无论如何也赶不上了。
例句探源
13．完成句子
——我们能赶上火车吗？
——希望来得及。
—Can we __________ __________ __________ the train?
—I hope we can __________ __________.
答案：make it to；make it
13 .in search of＝in one’s
search for 寻找；寻求
(回归课本P8)Not long after Eric the Red had landed in Greenland，a man called Biarni set sail from Iceland in search of Eric’s party.
埃里克·雷德登上格陵兰岛后不久，一个叫比阿尼的人就从冰岛起航寻找埃里克一行人。
归纳拓展
search...for...在……里面/身上搜寻……
search for＝look for＝hunt for寻找
search out找出某人或某物
search through把……仔细搜寻一遍
make a search for...搜查，搜寻……
①Michael went away in search of water to drink.
＝Michael went away in his search for water to drink.
迈克尔离开去找水喝了。
②(朗文P1363)They searched the woods for the little boy.
他们在森林中搜寻那个小男孩。
③(朗文P1363)With clever questioning the lawyer searched out the weaknesses in the witness’s statement.
律师以机敏的提问找到了证人证词中的弱点。
例句探源
14．The Customs(海关人员)were________drugs when I came through the airport.They________everybody’s luggage for them，and they________the man in front of me from head to foot.
A．searching for；searched；searched for
B．searching；searched；searched
C．searching for；searched；searched
D．searching；searched for；searched
解析：选C。考查词语辨析。根据句意可知，第一空意为“寻找”，用“search for”；第二空为“搜每个人的行李”用search，表搜索某地；第三空表“搜某人的身”，用“search sb.”，故答案为C。
14 .make sense 有道理；有意义；讲得通(无被动语态)
(回归课本P14)Read them in that order to see if the story makes sense.
以那个顺序读一读看这故事是否有意义。
归纳拓展
①Does it make sense to let children watch such TV plays?
让孩子们看这样的电视剧有意义吗？
②Our experts could not make sense of the code.
我们的专家也弄不懂这个密码。
例句探源
15．完成句子
这些便宜的大衣也很好，何必非买那件贵的不可。
__________ __________ __________ to buy that expensive coat when these cheaper ones are just as good.
答案：Make no sense
句型梳理
1【教材原句】 It’s_three_times_as big underwater.(P12)
(冰山)水下部分是水上部分的三倍。
【句法分析】 本句使用了倍数的表达法。
表达倍数的三个句型：
(1)A is＋倍数＋as＋adj./adv．＋as B A是B的……倍
(2)A is＋倍数＋形容词的比较级＋than B A比B……倍
(3)A is＋倍数＋the＋n．＋of B A是B的……倍
①His income is twice as much as mine.
他的收入是我的两倍。
②The house price of Beijing is three times higher than that of Jinan．北京的房价比济南的房价高三倍。
③This rope is three times the length of that one.
这根绳子是那根绳子的三倍长。
16．China won 100 medals in the Beijing Olympic Games，which are almost________those of the Sydney Olympic Games.
A．twice as many as
B．as many as twice
C．as much as twice
D．twice as much as
解析：选A。考查倍数句型。在含有倍数、百分数的同级比较结构中，倍数或百分数置于as...as之前；as many as修饰可数名词复数，as much as修饰不可数名词，medals为可数名词，故A项正确。
2【教材原句】 Leif followed Biarni’s directions and sailed to what is believed to be the coast of present－day Canada.(P8)
赖伊夫按照比阿尼的指示，航行到了被认为是目前加拿大海岸的地方。
【句法分析】 该句中的what引导的从句是一个宾语从句，在复合句中作介词to的宾语。what从句相当于一个名词，往往作复合句中的主语、宾语或表语。翻译为“……的人，事、地方、价格等”。
①He is not what he was a few years ago.(what＝the person that)
他不是几年前的他了。
②What is now the North Sahara Desert was once a civilized world.(what＝the place that)
现在的撒哈拉沙漠的北部曾经是一个文明世界。
③The color of the flower is different from what it was in the morning.(what＝the color that)
那朵花的颜色与早晨的不同。
17．完成句子
(1)除了在报上读到的以外，我对这次事故一无所知。
I know nothing about the accident except __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________.
答案：what I read in the newspaper
(2)你还没有给我我要的东西。
You haven’t given me __________ __________ __________.
答案：what I want
3【教材原句】 One day，my two brothers and I were coming back from the islands，our_boat_full_of_fish.(P14)
一天，我和我的两个兄弟从海上打鱼归来，船上载满了鱼。
【句法分析】 这是一个简单句。在句中our boat full of fish是一个独立主格结构。独立主格结构多用作状语，表示时间，原因，条件，行为方式或伴随状态。
①The girl looked up，her eyes full of tears.(n．＋形容词短语)
(作伴随状态)女孩抬起头，眼里满含泪水。
②Weather permitting，we will go camping this weekend. (n．＋现在分词)(作原因状语)
天气许可的话，我们本周末就去野营。
③A stranger broke in，gun in hand.(n．＋介词短语)(作方式状语)
一个陌生人闯了进来，手里拿着枪。
④All the problems settled，we went home happily.(n．＋过去分词)(作时间状语)
所有的问题都解决了，我们高兴地回家了。
18．完成句子
(1)那个孩子的眼睛盯着飞机模型，所以没有听到我说话。
__________ __________ on the model plane，the child didn’t hear me.[
答案：Eyes fixed
(2)讲座结束了，人们三三两两地走出大厅。
__________ __________，people walked out of the hall in twos and threes.
答案：Lecture over
(3)因为有很多问题要去解决，新当选的市长面临着一段困难时期。
__________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________，the newly－elected mayor was facing a hard time.
答案：There being so many problems to settle
作文指导
倒装句和强调句
倒装是一种语法手段，用于表示一定的句子结构或强调某一句子成分。倒装句有两种：完全倒装和部分倒装。
完全倒装即把整个谓语放到主语之前(是整个谓语动词，而非助动词)。
【佳句选粹】
In_came_the_teacher and the class began．
【分析】 句意：老师走了进来，然后开始上课。in放于句首，整个句子用了全部倒装的形式，came放到了the teacher之前。
部分倒装即只把谓语的一部分(如助动词、情态动词等)放到主语前，或把句子的强调成分提前。
【佳句选粹】
Were_she_to_leave right now，she would get there on Sunday.
【分析】 句意：如果她立刻就走，她就能在星期天到达那里。此句前半部分省去了If，把were提前。
【佳句选粹】
Not until yesterday did_little_John_change his mind.
【分析】 句意：小约翰直到昨天才改变了主意。否定词放于句首，主句用部分倒装，did提到了主语little John之前。
强调句是一种修辞，是人们为了表达自己的意愿或情感而使用的一种形式，写作中常使用强调句，常见的有：
【佳句选粹】
It was on_Monday_night that all this happened.
【分析】 句意：所有这一切发生在周一晚上。用强调句型：“It is(was)＋被强调成分＋that(who)＋原句其他成分”来强调说话人的意愿，强调时间“on Monday night”。
【佳句选粹】
①He does know the place well.
他的确很熟悉这个地方。
②Do write to me when you get there.
你到那儿后务必给我来信。
【分析】 用助动词“do(does/did)＋动词原形”来表示强调