A4
非谓语动词
热点·5
Ⅰ.用所给动词的适当形式填空
________(lie)under the big tree?
②Many feared that Columbus would fall off the edge of the earth, ________(believe)to be flat.
③The speech which he made ________(concern)the football match bored a lot of fans to death.
④If the building project ________(complete)by the end of this month is delayed，the construction company will be fined.
________(break)．
答案 ①lying ②believed ③concerning ④to be completed ⑤to be broken
单项填空
(2010·北京卷)I'm calling to enquire about the position ________in yesterday's
A．advertised
B．to be advertised
C．advertising
D．having advertised
答案 A [考查非谓语动词的用法。advertised是过去分词作position的后置定语，表被动。相当于which was advertised。]
(2010·山东卷)I have a lot of readings ________before the end of this term.
C．completed
D．being completed
答案 B [考查非谓语动词的用法。此处使用动词不定式作定语，含有一种将来的含义。句意为“在这学期末前我还有许多阅读要完成”。]
(2010·上海卷)That is the only way we can imagine ________the
A．reducing
B．to reduce
C．reduced
D．reduce
答案 B [句意：那是我们能想到的减少学生们在浴室过度用水的唯一办法。分析句子结构可知，we can imagine作定语，修饰先行词the only way，这里动词不定式也作定语修饰名词短语the only way。本题很容易选择A，误认为后接动名词作宾语，而C项的reduced是过去分词作定语表被动，不符合句子结构，故排除C；D项的reduce是动词原形，不能作定语。故只能选B。]
(2010·陕西卷)His first book ________next month is based on a true story.
C．to publish
D．being published
答案 B [句意：他的第一本书下个月将出版，book与publish在逻辑上为被动关系，故排除C项；A项表完成；B项表将来；D项表正在进行。根据时间状语next month可知事情将要发生，故正确答案为B项。]
(2010·浙江卷)The traffic rule says young children under the age of four and ________less than 40 pounds must be in a child safety seat.
C．weighed
D．weighing
答案 D [句意：交通规则规定：四岁以下，体重不到40磅的小孩必须坐在安全的座位上。考查非谓语动词作后置定语。分析句子结构可知，空格处的内容和under the age of four并列作young children的后置定语，weigh“重量为……此处为不及物动词，没有被动形式，故排除A和C两项；B项也被排除。]
(2017·浙江卷)“It's such a nice place.”Mother said as she sat at the table ________for customers.
C．reserving
D．reserved
答案 D [句意：妈妈坐table之间是被动关系，故用过去分词。A项表示将来的动作；B项和C项都是主动形式，故排除。]
(2017·重庆卷)We're having a meeting in half an hour. The decision ______
A．to be made
B．being made
C．made
D．having been made
答案 A [句意：我们半个小时以后开会。在会上做出的决定将会影响我们公司的未来。考查非谓语动词作定语的用法。首先排除D项，因为having been done不能作后置定语；根据题干中in half an hour和will可知是即将做出的决定，故答案为A项。B：正在被做出的，C：已经被做出的，以上两项均不合乎句意。]
(2011·江苏卷)Recently a survey ________prices of the same goods in two different supermarkets has caused heated debate among citizens.
C．compares
D．being compared
答案 B [句意：最近，C项为谓语动词的形式，故排除；survey与compare之间为主动关系，故排除A、D两项，所以选择B项。]
(2011·湖南卷)The ability ________an idea is as important as the
A．expressing
B．expressed
C．to express
D．to be expressed
答案 C [句意：表达观点的能力与观点本身同等重要。考查在特定语境中使用非谓语动词作定语的能力。“做某事的能力”应该表达为“the ability to do sth”，故选C项。],