Module 2 Traffic Jam【美文阅读】 Nowadays traffic congestion is a big problem in most of our cities.Have you got any ideas about what has brought about this and how to solve it?
There are many causes for this problem，but the following may be the most important ones.
The first cause is the great increase in the number of private cars.Cars take up more space but they carry fewer people.Some private car drivers，ignoring(忽视)traffic regulations，drive only for the sake of their own convenience，blocking the way of other public transportation vehicles.The second cause is the slow and inefficient construction and improvement of the roads and streets.With a large population and numbers of automobiles increasing，some roads still remain unimproved，which will surely lead to problems.The last cause is the insufficient(不足够的)management of the traffic system and the people's lack of awareness of traffic rules.Many pedestrians(行人)cross the streets even when the traffic lights are against them，which is an obstacle(障碍物)to the flow of traffic.
Then how to solve this problem？Some suggest laying down more roads to make the traffic less crowded and speed up the flow of traffic.Others believe that we should open up more public bus routes，so that more people will take the public buses instead of travelling by car and bicycle.
Though the above two views sound reasonable，they have their own drawbacks(缺陷)．The former may take up much land which could be used for farms and houses.The latter may cause inconvenience for those who are used to travelling by car or bicycle.I think the best answer to the traffic problem is a combination of the two.More roads can be built to hold more traffic and meanwhile more public bus routes can be opened up to those who prefer to use the public transportation.
【诱思导学】
Suppose you are traveling in Beijing，discuss in groups，and decide which means of transport you will choose and tell why.
【答案】 略
Period ⅠPreviewing
(教师用书独具)
●教学目标
本课时主要是通过学生对学案所给出的内容的学习，了解本课文中所出现的词汇，初步了解课文以及相关的背景知识，对下一堂课对课文的全面理解起到一个铺垫作用。
●教学地位
该部分介绍了有关各种车辆的词汇，包括三个活动。通过这些活动，学生可以初步熟悉这些词的意义，为后面的阅读学习活动做好准备。
(教师用书独具)
●新课导入建议
教师呈现各种交通工具的图片，问： Which of them do you prefer to take to go around the city? Can you name all of them in English? (请学生注意coach, trolleybus，加以解释，并领读)，然后导入新课。
●教学流程设计
⇒
⇐⇐
⇒⇒
⇐⇐
Ⅰ.篇章结构
阅读文章，完成下面表格(每空不超过3个词)
Vehicles Service time Advantages Disadvantages Tips
Minibuses
There's always a(n)seat 6.
even in rush hours.
Underground From 5：00 a.m.to 11：00 p.m. They are fast and 7.
. They can be terrible in rush hours.
Pedicabs
You'd better choose them when you want to 8.
the 9.
alleys of old Beijing. They can be 10.
. Make sure you know the price before your journey.
【答案】 1.business permit 2.receipt 3.Fares
4．crowded 5.Make sure 6.available 7.convenient
8．explore 9.narrow 10.expensive
.语篇理解
阅读P12的Reading and Vocabulary部分，从每题所给的3个选项中选出最佳答案
1．How many means of transportation are mentioned in the text?
A．5
B．6 C．7
2．What should you do if you want to take a taxi?
A．Check the driver's business permit.
B．Ask for a receipt.
C．Both A and B.
3．What is the advantage of minibuses?
A．The fares are cheap.
B．You can avoid the rush hour.
C．You can always get a seat.
4．Which is TRUE for the underground lines in Beijing?
A．They are fast and convenient.
B．They are very comfortable even in the rush hour.
C．Station names are marked in Chinese.
5．Which will you choose for a visit of narrow alleys of old Beijing?
A．Taxis. B．Buses. C．Pedicabs.
【答案】 1－5 BCCAC
.课文缩写
用所给单词或短语的正确形式完成课文缩写
permit；provide；in no time；rush hour；convenient；receipt；worth；impressive；under construction；terribleTaxis are on the streets 24 hours a day.Simply raise your hand，and a taxi appears 1.
.You should check if the cab driver has a business 2.
，and make sure that you ask for a 3.
.Public transport 4.
a cheap way to get around in Beijing.It's a good idea to avoid public transport during the 5.
.
Tourists shouldn't miss the 103 bus which offers one of the most 6.
routes.There are four underground lines in Beijing，and several lines are 7.
.Trains are fast and 8.
，but rush hours can be 9.
.Tricycles are 10.
using if you want to explore the narrow alleys of old Beijing.
【答案】 1.in no time 2.permit 3.receipt 4.provides5．rush hour 6.impressive 7.under construction8．convenient 9.terrible 10.worth
Ⅰ.词义搭配
1．DisplayA．money charged for a journey by bus，ship，taxi，etc
2．permit B．place to which sb./sth. is going or being sent
3．fare
C．having a strong effect on sb.，especially through size，grandeur，or importance
4．limit
D. way taken or planned to get from
one place to another
5．destination
E．put sth. on show
6．impressive
F．to discuss or think about something carefully
7．route
G．to stop an amount or number from increasing beyond a particular point
8．provide
H．useful to you because it saves you time，or does not spoil your plans or cause you problems
9．convenient
I．to give something to someone or make it available to them，because they need it or want it
10. explore
J．official document that gives sb. the right to do sth.，especially to gosomewhere
【答案】 1.E 2.J 3.A 4.G 5.B 6.C 7.D 8.I
9．H 10.F
.短语填空get around；be connected to；in no time；be /get stuck in；under construction1．This bus
electric wires.
2．Have you ever been
a traffic jam?
3．It is difficult for him to
without a stick.
4．He will come back
.
5．There are four underground lines in Beijing，and several lines are
.
【答案】 1.is connected to 2.stuck in 3.get around
4．in no time 5.under construction
.句型背诵
1．Simply raise your hand，and a taxi appears in no time.
只要你招招手，马上就会有出租车开过来。
2．Buses numbered 1 to 100 are limited to travel within the city centre.
编号为1到100的公交车的行驶范围限于市中心。
3．Tricycles are worth using if you want to explore the narrow alleys (hutong) of old Beijing.如果你想去老北京的胡同探秘，三轮脚踏车是值得一坐的。Period ⅡIntroduction & Reading and Vocabulary
(教师用书独具)
●教学目标
1．熟记学案中所列出的单词和短语。
2．通过学案中所给出的重点单词和重点短语的学习，让学生能够正确理解和使用这些单词和短语，能够运用这些词语造句。
3．通过对这些词汇的理解能够更深层次地理解课文，并通过课文加深对这些词汇的理解，更加熟练地运用这些词汇。
●教学地位
该部分介绍了北京市公交系统以及相关的车辆情况，并引入了与交通和出行有关的词汇。围绕着课文，编者设计了三个与课文内容和词汇有关的练习。通过这些练习，学生可以熟悉课文内容，学会使用与课文内容有关的词汇。
(教师用书独具)
●新课导入建议
教师：What means of transportation are common in our daily life? 然后根据学生的回答导入新课。
●教学流程设计
⇒让学生就“课堂互动探究”(见学案第19页)进行讨论，让学生各自发表自己的见解，然后让各个讨论组派代表汇报各自讨论结果。
⇐⇐
⇒布置作业。让学生做“课时作业”和预习Period (见学案第23页)。
1．be connected to与……相连；接通
This bus is connected to electric wires.(教材P11)
这辆公共汽车与电线连接。
This wire is connected to that one.
这条电线与那条电线相连。
①connect A to/with/and B使A与B连接
be connected with与……有关系
connection n．联系
in connection with 与……有关
have connection with 和…有关
He was not connected with this case.
他与这件事毫无关系。
We connect the word“blue”with the color of the sky.
我们由“蓝”这个字会联想到晴空的颜色。
I am writing to you in connection with your job application.
此信是有关你求职一事的。
【教师备课资源】
“与……有关”搭配荟萃
have something to do with
be related to
be involved in
be concerned with
完成句子
①他是与人所共知的罪犯有关的人。
He is a man
known criminals.
②我的电脑能上网。
My computer can
the Internet.
【答案】 ①connected with ②be connected to
2．be/get stuck in被困在……
Have you ever been stuck in a traffic jam？(教材P11)
你曾被困于交通阻塞中吗？
The key was stuck in the lock.钥匙在锁中卡住了。
be caught in被困在……中
be trapped in被困在……中
They were trapped in the burning building.
他们被困在燃烧着的大楼里。
完成句子
①她被不幸的婚姻所困扰。
She
an unhappy marriage.
【答案】 was trapped/was stuck/was caught in
单项填空
②
in the traffic jam for two hours，they were late for the wedding party.
A．Sticking
B．Stuck
C．Being stuck
D．Having stuck
【解析】 句意：他们被困在交通堵塞中两个小时，所以他们参加婚宴迟到了。形容词短语stuck in...“被困在……中”在此作状语。
【答案】 B
3．in no time马上；一会儿
Simply raise your hand，and a taxi appears in no time.(教材P12)只要你招招手，立刻就会有出租车出现。
The kids will be leaving home in no time.
孩子们马上就要离开家了。
at a time一次；每次
at one time曾经
at all times总是
at the same time同时；然而
at no time决不，在任何时候都不
at times有时，偶尔(不时)
in time及时；迟早
on time准时
from time to time不时，有时
At one time we were good friends.
我们曾经是好朋友。
At no time will I leave the village.
我决不会离开这个村子。
【提示】 at no time位于句首时句子要用部分倒装。
用time短语完成句子
①You may use my car
.Don't hesitate to ask for it.
②We cannot do two things
.
③
there were not so many cars on the streets.
④
in his life has he been braver than in that case.
【答案】 ①at all times ②at a time ③At one time ④At no time
4．Simply raise your hand，and a taxi appears in no time.(教材P12)
只要你招招手，马上就会有出租车开过来。
本句为“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”句型，其中祈使句Simply raise your hand相当于一个肯定条件状语从句，陈述句a taxi appears in no time相当于主句，表示结果，并且常用一般将来时。
Give me time，and I'll do it well.＝If you give me time，I'll do it well.给我时间，我就会做好它。
“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”句型的三种变化形式：
①“祈使句＋or＋陈述句”其中祈使句相当于一个否定条件状语从句，or表示“否则；要不然的话”，or可用or else或otherwise替换。
②“名词词组＋and＋陈述句”名词词组中通常含有more，another等词。
③“祈使句＋破折号＋陈述句”
Work harder，or/or else/otherwise you will fail.＝If you don't work harder，you will fail.
你如果不更加努力，就会失败。
More time，and I could have done it better.如果多给我些时间，我可以做得更好。
【提示】 特别注意区分非谓语动词作状语与祈使句表示条件时的区别；如果有并列连词and/or/otherwise，前面便是祈使句；如果没有，则是非谓语动词作状语。
Work hard，and you'll succeed in time.
Working hard，you'll succeed in time.
努力学习，你迟早会成功的。
句型转换
①Work hard，and you'll catch up with others.
→
，you'll catch up with others.
②Hurry up，or we'll be late for class.
→
，we'll be late for class.
【答案】 ①If you work hard ②If we don't hurry up
单项填空
③—Can you help me?
—Yes.
your teacher's advice，in my opinion，and everything will be OK.
A．Follow
B．Following
C．To follow
D．Followed
【解析】 考查“祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句”句式，因此本题答案应为A项。本题祈使句后加了in my opinion这一插入语，加大了该题难度。
【答案】 A
5．permit n．执照；许可证vt.许可；允许
You should check the cab has a business permit，and make sure you ask for a receipt.(教材P12)
你得确保出租车有营业执照，并且一定要索取发票。
You are not allowed to park here unless you have a permit.
除非你有许可证，否则不许在这里停车。
①permit＋n./pron./doing允许
permit sb.to do sth.＝permit sb.'s doing sth.允许某人做某事
②permission n．[U]许可，允许
ask for permission请求许可
without permission未经许可
Smoking is not permitted in public places.
公共场所不准吸烟。
You shouldn't move without the doctor's permission.
没有医生的许可你不能动。
【对接高考】
(2011·天津高考)Passengers are permitted
only one piece of hand luggage onto the plane.
A．to carry
B．carrying
C．to be carried
D．being carried
【解析】 句意：乘客只允许携带一个手提行李包登机。本句考查permit sb. to do sth.的被动语态，应是sb. be permitted to do sth.形式，故选A项。
【答案】 A
完成句子
①请允许我向你提些建议。
Please
you some advice.
②经老师许可你才可以进这个实验室。
You can enter the lab
.
③在我们的办公室里不准吸烟．
We do not
in the office.
【答案】 ①permit me to offer ②with the teacher's permission ③permit smoking
6．provide vt.提供
Public transport provides a cheap way to get around in Beijing.(教材P12)
公共交通为人们游览北京提供了低价位的出行方式。
The book provides me with all the information I need.
这本书给我提供了所有我需要的信息。
①provide sb. with sth.＝provide sth. for sb.给某人提供某物
②supply sth. to sb.＝supply sb. with sth. 给某人提供某物
③offer sb. sth.＝offer sth. to sb.给某人提供某物
Our farm supplies the market with fruits and vegetables.我们的农场为市场提供水果和蔬菜。
We supply power to the three nearby towns.
我们对附近的三个城镇提供电力。
He offered me a glass of wine.他端给我一杯酒。
用provide，supply，offer的适当形式填空
①They've
us￡150,000 for the house.Shall we take it?
②The school
food for the students in the past.
③The government has
houses to the homeless.
【答案】 ①offered ②provided ③supplied/offered
7．get around到处旅行；四处走动；传开来
Public transport provides a cheap way to get around in Beijing.(教材P12)
公共交通为人们游览北京提供了低价位的出行方式。
Jack likes getting around all over the world.
杰克喜欢到世界各地旅行。
get along/on with进展；相处
get down to认真着手进行，认真处理
get through做完；接通，通过
get over恢复；克服
get away with侥幸逃脱
get across被理解，越过
How are you getting along with your schoolwork?
你的家庭作业做得怎么样了？
It can take weeks to get over an illness like that.
这种病需要几个星期才能康复。
How did he ever get through his driving test?
他到底是怎样通过驾照考试的？
【对接高考】
(2010·浙江高考)After that，he knew he could
any emergency by doing what he could to the best of his ability.
A．get away with
B．get on with
C．get through
D．get across
【解析】 考查与get相关的短语辨析。句意：经过那件事之后，他明白了他能尽一切可能去顺利解决任何突发情况。get away with侥幸逃脱；get on with与……友好相处；get through接通，顺利通过，完成；get across被理解，越过。
【答案】 C
用适当的介词/副词填空
①The news soon got
that people were going to lose their jobs.
②Lucy was very upset，but she managed to get
it.
③Don't sit there！Get
to discussing that question!
【答案】 ①around ②over ③down
8．impressive adj.给人印象深刻的；感人的
Tourists shouldn't miss the 103 bus which offers one of the most impressive routes...(教材P12)
对于游人来说，最不该错过的是103路公交车，它是给人印象最深刻的线路之一……
She was very impressive in the interview.
她在面试中表现得十分出色。
①impress vt.使……有印象，影响；vi.给人印象
be impressed with/by 对……留下深刻印象
impress sb. with sth.给某人留下印象
impress sth. on sb.使铭记；给……以深刻印象
②impression n．印象，效果
make an impression on 留下……印象
I was very impressed by his story.
他的故事深深打动了我。
My father impressed on me the importance of hard work.
我父亲要我牢记努力工作的重要性。
Arriving late won't make a very good impression.
迟到不会给人留下好印象。
【对接高考】
(2017·山东高考)My first
of him was that he was a kind and thoughtful young man.
A．expression
B．attention
C．satisfaction
D．impression
【解析】 考查名词辨析。句意：我对他的第一印象是他是一个善良而又富有思想的年轻人。A项expression是“表达，表示”的意思，B项attention是“注意”的意思，C项satisfaction是“满意”的意思，很明显都不符合句意。
【答案】 D
用impress的适当形式填空
①I am
by his speech，in other words，he
his speech on my memory.
②Which match do you think is the most
？
③What made an
on me was his intelligence.
【答案】 ①impressed；impressed ②impressive ③impression
9．under construction正在建设中
There are four underground lines in Beijing，and several lines are under construction.(教材P12)
北京有四条地铁线，还有几条线也正在建设之中。
There are two new hotels under construction.
有两家新饭店正在兴建。
“under＋n.”表示正在进行的动作或表示被动意义，其中名词前不用冠词。
under consideration在考虑中
under repair在修理中
under discussion在讨论中
under treatment正在接受治疗
under control在控制中
under attack遭受攻击
The question under discussion is about education.
正在讨论的问题是关于教育的。
The old castle is under repair now.
这座古老的城堡在修缮当中。
句型转换
①The old bridge is being repaired now.
→The old bridge is
now.
②The little girl is being treated in the hospital.
→The little girl is
in the hospital.
【答案】 ①under repair ②under treatment
10．convenient adj.方便的；便利的
Trains are fast and convenient，but rush hours can be terrible.(教材P12)
地铁方便快捷，但在高峰期，情况会很糟糕．
This subway system is both modern and convenient.
这个地铁系统既现代又便利。
①It is/was convenient for sb.to do sth.对某人来说做……方便
sth.be convenient to/for sb.对某人来说……是方便的
convenience n．方便，便利
Is three o'clock convenient for you?
3点钟你方便吗？
We must arrange a convenient time and place for the meeting.我们必须安排一个合适的时间和地点开会．
It's great convenience to live in town.
住在城镇里有很大的方便。
【提示】 convenient作表语时，不可用人作主语，而要用物或形式主语作主语。“当你方便的时候”应译成“When it is convenient to you”而不能译成“When you are convenient”。
【对接高考】
(2017·天津高考)The secretary arranged a(n)
time and space for the applicants to have an interview.
A．important
B．spare
C．public
D．convenient
【解析】 考查形容词辨析。句意：秘书为参加面试的求职者安排了合适的时间和地点。convenient“便利的，方便的”，符合句意。
【答案】 D
完成句子
①如果火车很方便，我便乘火车去。
If
，I'll go by train.
②如果你方便的话，请帮助我修理我的车。
If
，please help me repair my car.
【答案】 ①the train is convenient ②it is convenient for you
11．Tricycles are worth using if you want to explore the narrow alleys (hutong) of old Beijing.(教材P12)
如果你想去老北京的胡同探秘，三轮脚踏车是值得一坐的。
本句be worth doing意为“值得做”，其中动名词的主动形式表示被动意义。be worth还可表示“值……钱”，后接代价类的名词。
The novel is well worth reading.
这部小说很值得读。
The book is worth 20 dollars.
这本书值20美元。
【提示】 如果说“很值得”，应用well修饰worth，而不能用very，much，quite等。
①worthy adj.值得(或应得)……的。常构成：
be worthy of＋n.
be worthy of being done
be worthy to be done
②worthwhile adj.值得花时间(或金钱等)的。常构成：
It is worthwhile doing sth./to do sth.
The exhibition is worthy of a visit.
这次展览会值得一看。
The book is worthy of being bought.
＝The book is worthy to be bought.这本书值得买。
It is worthwhile to say/saying this.这话值得说。
句子仿写
这部电影值得看。(至少用三种形式)
①
②
③
【答案】 ①The film is worth seeing.
②The film is worthy to be seen/of being seen.
③It is worthwhile seeing/to see the film.Period ⅢIntegrating Skills & Grammar
(教师用书独具)
●教学目标
1．熟记学案中所列出的单词和短语。
2．通过学案中所给出的重点单词和重点短语的学习，让学生能够正确理解和使用这些单词和短语，能够运用这些词语造句。
3．听懂课文中所给出的听力材料。
4．通过对语法的教学让学生能够理解并能够运用祈使句。
●教学地位
GRAMMAR部分语法处理祈使句。该部分附有三个活动，第一个活动帮助学生认识这种语法现象；其余两个活动为巩固性活动。FUNCTION部分介绍了交际功能“提出忠告”(giving advice)的语句。要求学生学习以下几种句型：
1) You should check the cab has a business permit.
2) Make sure you ask for a receipt.
3) It's a good idea to have your destination written in Chinese.
LISTENING AND SPEAKING部分用听力活动的形式引入了本模块的主要内容之一“交通阻塞”，同时也引入了相关词汇。该部分有四个相关的活动。VOCABULARY部分进一步引入了有关城市交通的词汇，这些词为复合词。通过让学生做组词、词意匹配练习的方式，帮助学生理解这些复合词的含义。EVERYDAY ENGLISH部分要求学生理解所列出的四个日常英语表达法，并附有相关的巩固性活动。
(教师用书独具)
●新课导入建议
通过对学生作业的检查导入本堂新课。
●教学流程设计
⇒让学生就“要点讲练”(见学案第23页)进行讨论，让学生各自发表自己的见解，然后让各个讨论组派代表汇报各自讨论结果。
⇐⇐
⇒⇒
布置作业。让学生完成课本Workbook第73－75页1－7题，预习学案Period Ⅳ(见学案第26页)。
1．It's a good idea to have your destination written in Chinese.(教材P13)
把你的目的地用汉语写出来是个好主意。
本句中it为形式主语，真正主语是不定式to have your destination written in Chinese。其中have your destination written属于“have sth.done”结构。结构中的宾语与宾补之间是动宾关系。该结构有三种不同的含义：①让/请别人(为自己)做某事；②遭遇到某种(不幸的)事情；③完成某事(自己也可能参与该活动)。
I had one of legs injured when playing football.
踢足球时，我有一条腿受伤了。
I must have my homework finished first before going out to play.我在出去玩之前，必须先把作业做完。
have sb.do sth.让/使某人做某事
have sb./sth.doing让/使某人/某物不停地做某事
sb. have sth. to do有某事要做(自己做)
sb. have sth.to be done有某事要让别人做
I'll have someone repair the bike for you.
我会让人为你修理自行车的。
I have some letters to type.
我有些信要打。(自己动手打)
I have some letters to be typed.
我有些信要打。(让别人打)
用所给动词的适当形式填空
①The woman had her bag
(steal)while doing some shopping.
②I must have my homework
(finish)before going to bed.
③She has two letters
(write)this weekend.
④The director had her assistant
(pick up)some hot dogs for the meeting.
【答案】 ①stolen ②finished ③to write ④pick up
2．switch off关上(电灯、电视等)；断掉(电源等)
Switch off the motor.(教材P17)关闭发动机。
Don't forget to switch off the light.别忘了关灯。
switch on＝turn on 打开
turn off＝switch off 关掉
Can you tell me how to switch on the TV?
你能告诉我怎样打开电视机吗？
【提示】 各种“开”“关”的译法
开/关门(窗)open/close/shut the door(window)
开/关收音机、电视、电灯 switch on/off the radio/TV/light
开/关收音机、水、煤气 turn on/off the radio/water/gas
用适当的介词填空
①Don't forget to switch the TV
before you go.
②Don't switch the radio
yet.Tom is studying English.
【答案】 ①off ②on
3．keep cool保持冷静
In time of danger，it is important to keep cool.
在遇到危险时，保持冷静非常重要。
Whatever happens，the first important thing is to keep cool.不管发生什么事，最重要的是保持冷静。
keep是系动词，常跟形容词作表语，意为“保持”，指维持某种状态或情况。
keep quiet保持安静 keep silent保持沉默
keep still保持不动 keep calm保持镇静
Keep still.I'll take a picture of you.
不要动，我给你照张相。
Could you please keep silent for a while?
你能不能清静一会儿？
完成句子
①在紧急时刻保持冷静是一个人的优良品质。
in an urgent situation is a good quality for a man.
②安静一点！ 我要看比赛。
！I'm trying to watch the game.
【答案】 ①Keeping cool ②Keep quiet
4．react vi.反应
Don't react when others drive badly.(教材P17)
当别人开车开得不好时不要回应。
You never know how he is going to react.
你根本不知道他会作何反应。
react to对……作出反应
react with与……起(化学)反应
react against反对；反抗
react on/upon对……有影响
reaction n．反应
How did she react to the news?
她听到这个消息时有何反应？
Iron reacts with water and air to produce rust.
铁和水及空气发生反应产生铁锈。
What was his reaction to the incident?
他对这个事件的反应如何？
用适当的介词填空
①The students reacted actively
the teacher's speech.
②Can water react
all the substances?
③Loud noises made by the audience sometime react
the players.
④The rise in oil costs reacted
the price of food.
【答案】 ①to ②with ③against ④on
5．solution n．方法，办法
There's a simple solution to these problems.(教材P18)
对这些问题有一种简单的解决办法。
She can find no solution to her financial troubles.
她无法克服经济困难。
the solution to...答案；……的解决办法
solve vt. 解决
They are trying their best to solve the problem.
他们正在尽全力解决这个问题。
【教师备课资源】
the answer to...……的答案
the entrance to...……的入口
the door to...……的门
notes to...……的注释
the key to...……的钥匙/答案
the access to...……的通道/机会
【对接高考】
(2010·浙江高考)The school advisers help you talk through your problem but they don't give you any direct
.
A．solution
B．target
C．measure
D．function
【解析】 考查名词辨析。句意：学校的建议者们帮助你分析问题，但是他们不会给你直接的解决方法。solution解决方法；target目标；measure措施；function功能。
【答案】 A
完成句子
①他无法克服目前的困难。
He can find no
his present troubles.
②你能解答那个问题真是聪明。
It was clever of you to
.
【答案】 ①solution to ②solve the problem
6．mood n．心境；情绪
Motorists could take a bus into the city centre and arrive at work or the shops relaxed and in a good mood.(教材P18)驾车者可以轻松地乘公交车进入市中心，心情愉快地工作或购物。
His mood suddenly changed and he became calm.
他的情绪突然一变，冷静下来。
①in a good /bad mood心情好/坏
be/feel in the mood(for sth. /to do sth.)有(做某事)的心情
be in no mood for sth./to do sth.不想做某事
moody adj.喜怒无常的；忧郁的
She's in a good mood today.她今天心情很好．
I'm not in the mood to disagree with you.
我没有心思跟你争论．
He's in no mood for(telling)jokes/to tell jokes.
他没心情说笑话．
完成句子
①她想在树林里走一走。
She was
a walk in the woods.
②我不想再争论了。
I was
argue any more.
③老板现在心情不好，你最好不要自找麻烦了。
The boss is not
now，you'd better not ask for trouble.
【答案】 ①in the mood for ②in no mood to ③in a good mood
7．no way肯定不；没门儿
There was no way I was going to catch the plane.(教材P18)
我没有办法赶上飞机。
—I think you should phone Jenny and say sorry to her.
我认为你应该打电话给珍妮并向她道歉。
—No way.It was her fault.没门！这是她的错。
in...way 以……的方式
by the way顺便说一下
by way of经由，经过
in no way决不，一点也不
in the/one's way挡路，妨碍
in a way在某种程度上
on the/one's way在路上
They are travelling to France by way of London.
他们经伦敦去法国。
The changes are an improvement in a way.
这些变从某种意义上说是一种进步。
I'm afraid your car is in the way.
看来你的汽车挡着道了。
【教师备课资源】
no problem没问题
no wonder怪不得
no doubt毫无疑问
no hurry不急
完成句子
①—I think you should say sorry to Mary.
—
(没门儿)．It's her fault.
②
(决不)can theory be separated from practice.
③
(在某种程度上)，it was one of our biggest mistakes.
④I left them alone，as I felt I was
(碍事)．
【答案】 ①No way ②In no way ③In a way
④in the way
观察下列从Reading and Vocabulary中选取的句子，体会祈使句的用法。
①Simply raise your hand，and a taxi appears in no time.
②If you get on a doubledecker bus，make sure you sit upstairs.
[自我总结]
表示
、
、
、劝告或号召的句子叫祈使句。祈使句的主语一般为
，通常省略，谓语动词使用
，句末用感叹号或句号。
【答案】 命令；请求；建议；you；原形
祈使句
1．祈使句的肯定式：直接以动词原形或do，be，let等开头。
Listen to me carefully.认真听我讲。
Be careful！小心！
Let me help you to carry the bag.让我帮你拎包。
2．祈使句的否定式：在动词原形前加Don't或Never。
Don't be angry with me！别冲我发脾气！
【提示】 Let's型祈使句，其否定式也可用Let's not...
Let's not have a rest.咱们别休息了。
Let's not sit here.我们不要坐在这儿了。
3．祈使句的反意疑问句结构为：
(1)否定祈使句＋will you；肯定祈使句＋will/won't you。
Come here next Sunday，will/won't you?
下周末来这里，可以吗？
Don't tell it to anyone，will you？不要告诉其他人，可以吗？
(2)若以Let's开头，附加疑问句常用shall we；若以Let us开头，附加疑问句常用will you。
Let's have a rest，shall we？我们休息一会儿，好吗？
Let us do it by ourselves，will you?
让我们自己做，行吗？
4．与祈使句有关的两个重要句型：
(1)“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”，此句型中，祈使句与陈述句表示的是一种顺承关系，连词and意为“那么”。
Work harder，and you'll make it.
再努力些，那么你就会成功了。
(2)“祈使句＋or＋陈述句”，此句型中，祈使句与陈述句表示一种否定条件关系，or意为“否则”。
Tell me the truth，or you'll regret it.
告诉我真相，否则你会后悔的。
【提示】 (1)在上述两个句型中陈述句的时态往往使用一般将来时(will do)表示。
(2)在上述句型中，有时祈使句仅使用一个名词短语来充当。
Two more dollars，and the Tshirt is yours.
再加两美元，那么这T恤就是你的了。
A few more minutes，and the work will be finished.
再有几分钟，这工作就完成了。
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．(2017·山东高考)Find ways to praise your children often，
you'll find they will open their hearts to you.
A．till
B．or
C．and
D．but
【解析】 句意：如果你能找到一些方法来经常表扬你的孩子，你就会发现他们会向你敞开心扉。本题所考查的句式为“祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句”。本句中前面的祈使句表示条件，后面的陈述句表示条件下的结果，故用and连接；or表示“否则”，与句意不符。
【答案】 C
2．Our English teacher is ill.Let's go and see him after school，
？
A．doesn't he
B．don't we
C．shall we
D．will you
【解析】 考查祈使句的反意疑问句。句意：我们的英语老师病了，放学后，我们去看他，好吗？“Let's...”的反意疑问句用shall we。
【答案】 C
3．Mary，
here—everybody else，stay where you are.
A come
B．comes
C．to come
D．coming
【解析】 考查祈使句。破折号前后都应为一个独立的句子，所以前面只能用come构成祈使句，其他选项不能构成句子。
【答案】 A
4．
look at the sun with your eyes.You'll have your eyes hurt.
A．Don't
B．Not to
C．Not
D．No
【解析】 句意：不要用眼睛看太阳，你的眼睛会受伤的。考查祈使句的否定形式，句首加don't。
【答案】 A
5．Let us take care of grandma，
？
A．shan't we
B．shall we
C．will you
D．don't you
【解析】 句意：让我们来照顾奶奶，好吗？考查let us的反意疑问句。Let us引导的祈使句，反意疑问句通常为“will you？”。
【答案】 C
6．You have failed two tests.You'd better start working harder，
you won't pass the course.
A．and
B．so
C．but
D．or
【解析】 句意：你两次考试没过关了。你最好开始更努力学习，否则你这门课不会过关的。考查句型“祈使句＋and/or＋句子”。or“否则”。
【答案】 D
7．
，I think，and the problem could be worked out
A．If you double your efforts
B．So long as you keep your spirits
C．A bit more efforts
D．Making great efforts
【解析】 A bit more efforts为Make a bit more efforts的省略形式。若D项中的making改为动词原形则也正确。
【答案】 C
8．When you go to bed，don't forget to turn off the light，
？
A．do you
B．will you
C．don't you
D．are you
【解析】 句意：当你上床睡觉的时候，不要忘了关灯，好吗？考查祈使句的反意疑问句。祈使句的反意疑问部分为肯定形式，多用“will you？”，表一种客气的语气。
【答案】 B
9．—How can I apply for an online course?
—Just fill out this form and we
what we can do for you.
A．see
B．are seeing
C．have seen
D．will see
【解析】 句意：——我怎样申请一个网上课程？——只是填这个表格，我们会看一看我们能为你做什么？考查“祈使句＋and/or＋句子”。这种结构中and后面的句子谓语动词通常用一般将来时。
【答案】 D
10．—
the blackboard，Mary.
—It's Alice's turn.I did it yesterday.
A．Cleaning
B．You clean
C．Don't clean
D．To clean
【解析】 第一句是带主语的祈使句，表示命令。
【答案】 B
Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1．下次一定要小心。
next time.
2．不要把她一个人留下！
her alone!
3．我们过低碳生活，好吗？
Let's live a lowcarbon life，
？
4．再努力点，你就会成功。
，and you'll succeed.
5．让她告诉你真相，可以吗？
Let her tell you the truth，
？
6．把门关上，好吗？
Close the door，
？
【答案】 1.Do be careful 2.Don't leave 3.shall we
4．A bit more efforts 5.will you 6.will youPeriod ⅣCultural Corner & Writing
(教师用书独具)
●教学目标
1．掌握本学案中所给出的词汇，能够理解并能熟练运用。
2．理解课文。
3．能够根据课文中所提出的问题，了解中外大城市交通发展情况。
4．用恰当的语言写有关交通问题的短文。
●教学地位
WRITING部分的写作内容与本模块的主题密切结合，教材要求学生先读后写，所阅读的短文实际上是学生应该模仿的范文，范文后所附问题为写作要点。CULTURAL CORNER部分介绍了伦敦市政府为减少交通阻塞而采取的一种收费制度，帮助学生扩大知识面。
(教师用书独具)
●新课导入建议
教师可以问下列问题：What problem will come about if a city has too much traffic? Suppose you are a mayor of London, what measure will you take to solve the traffic problems caused by too much traffic? 然后导入新课。
●教学流程设计
⇒学生快速阅读课文(见课本第19页)，并根据学案所设置的“判断正误”问题做出判断(见学案第26页)。
⇐⇐
⇒⇒
⇐⇐
Ⅰ.判断正误
阅读P19课文，判断正误
1．Los Angeles is famous for the motor car.()
2．The traffic jams in central London are very bad.()
3．Every car coming into the centre has to pay $10 a day.()
4．Cities in developed countries don't suffer the traffic problems.()
5．In February 2003 the Mayor of London，Ken Livingstone，introduced a “congestion charge”．()
【答案】 1.F 2.T 3.F 4.F 5.T
Ⅱ.语篇理解
阅读P19课文，选取最佳答案
1．What's a congestion charge?
A．A tax for cars entering the centre of the city.
B．A tax for taxis only.
C．A fine for those who don't obey the traffic rules.
2．Which word can replace the word“as”in Paragraph 3?
A．Where. B．Because. C．When.
3．Does the congestion charge work in London?
A．Not mentioned in the text.
B．Yes.But most Londoners are not happy with it.
C．It's hard to say.
【答案】 1－3 ACB
1．The situation in central London，where drivers spent fifty percent of their time in queues，became so bad that the local government decided to do something about it.(教材P19)伦敦市中心的情况非常糟糕，司机要花费一半的时间在那里排队等候，因此当地政府决定对此采取一些措施。
句中含有so...that...结构，该结构意为“如此……以至于……”，that引导结果状语从句。
He became so angry that he couldn't speak.
他变得很生气，以至于说不出话来。
①sothatclause
②suchthatclause
He had so many falls that he was black and blue all over.
他摔了这么多跤，以致全身青一块紫一块的。
He told us so interesting a story that we all laughed.
＝He told us such an interesting story that we all laughed.
他给我们讲了这么有趣的一个故事，我们都大笑起来。
Tom had so little money that he had to get a job.
汤姆没有钱，所以他不得不找工作。
They are such little children that they can't do anything.
他们是小孩，什么事情都干不了。
【提示】 so＋adj./adv.位于句首时，句子要用部分倒装。
So fast did she speak that I couldn't follow her.
她讲得太快，我跟不上。
翻译句子
那儿有很多人，我没有认出她来。
今天天气真好，我们去游泳吧。
【答案】 There were so many people that I was unable to recognize her.
②It is such a fine day/so fine a day that we'd better go swimming.
单项填空
It is
that I'd like to go for a picnic.
A．very lovely a dayB．too lovely a day
C．such lovely a day
D．so lovely a day
【解析】 句意：天很好，我想去野餐。考查so/such...that结构，“so＋形容词＋a(n)＋名词单数”；若用such则为such a lovely day。
【答案】 D
2．carry out执行；实施；落实
A survey carried out at the end of 2003 suggests it does.(教材P19)
2003年年末展开的一项调查表明此措施是有效的。
We'll try to carry out the plan，no matter what happens.
无论发生什么，我们都要执行这个计划。
carry on继续
carry back使回想起
carry through成功完成
The smell of the sea carried her back to her childhood.
大海的气息勾起了她童年的回忆。
Carry on with your work while I'm away.
我不在时你要接着干。
用适当的介词/副词填空
①A survey is being carried
by the young man.
②If you carry
spending money like that，you'll end up in debt.
【答案】 ①out ②on
3．suggest v．表明，暗示；建议，提议
句中suggest表示“表明，暗示”，其后的宾语从句用陈述语气。此外，suggest表示“建议，提议”时，其后可跟n/pron./doing/that...作宾语；接宾语从句时从句要用虚拟语气，即从句谓语形式为“should＋动词原形”，should可省略。
A survey carried out at the end of 2003 suggests it does.(教材P19)
2003年末展开的一项调查表明此措施是有效的。
His pale face suggests bad health.
他面色苍白，说明他身体不好。
Are you suggesting that I'm not telling the truth?
你的意思是不是说我没说实话？
I suggested going for a walk.我建议去散步。
I suggested to him that we (should)settle the problem another way.
我向他建议我们用另一种方式处理这个问题。
完成句子
你是在暗示说我不适合那份工作吗？
Are you suggesting
the job?
我建议他应该参加俱乐部活动。
I
the club activities.
【答案】 that I'm not suited for suggested to him that he should join
句型转换
She suggested we should have lunch at the new restaurant.
She suggested
at the new restaurant.
【答案】 having lunch
单项填空
Bill suggested
a meeting on what to do for the Shanghai Expo during the vacation.
A．having held
B．to hold
C．holding
D．hold
【解析】 suggest后要跟动词ing形式作宾语，题干中hold表示的动作发生在suggest表示的动作之后，故用动词ing形式的一般式。
【答案】 C
如何描述交通问题
在描述任何一个问题时，都要按一定的顺序，如：现象、原因、解决办法及为未来的预测。写作时要注意思路清晰，语言准确。
描述交通问题应该注意以下几个方面：
1．所描述的问题应该是值得关注的。
2．文章的整体时态应以一般现在时为主。因为文章所表述的是近期或长期以来困扰人们的问题。
3．逻辑顺序应该清晰，一般按照以下顺序来描述：点名问题→分析或描述问题已唤起人们对问题的关注→建议或措施→希望或憧憬。
[常用句式]
1．What is the problem with...?
2．What causes it?
3．What is the solution to the problem?
4．There are reasons for...First of all，...Secondly，...Thirdly，...
5．In view of...，measures must be taken to solve this problem.
6．We should think of ways to solve the problem.
7．It is high time for...to do...
根据下面的提纲就“交通堵塞”谈谈你的看法，包括如下要点：
1．分析中国交通现状；
2．简述交通堵塞的严重性；
3．分析这种状况的原因；
4．你认为解决交通堵塞应该采取的措施。
要求：1.词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
[思路分析]
本文要求包含上述所有内容，可以分成三部分。首先陈述目前存在的现状，然后分析此种现象的严重性和存在的原因，最后就存在的现状提出自己的建议或措施。全文时态应以一般现在时为主，人称为第一人称和第三人称。
[词汇热身]
1．导致
2．对……有影响
3．采取措施
4．加宽
5．加速；提高速度
6．保持身体健康
【答案】 1.lead to 2.have an effect/influence on
3．take measures to do 4.widen 5.speed up 6.keep fit
[句式温习]
1．随着汽车越来越多，特别是大城市的交通越来越拥挤，导致了严重的社会问题——交通堵塞。
As more and more cars are used，the traffic especially in big cities is getting heavier，
—
traffic jam.
2．为了解决交通拥堵的问题，应该采取有效的措施。
of heavy traffic，effective measures should be taken.
3．虽然这项工作很难做，但是我们应该不遗余力地控制交通拥堵现象。
，we should spare no effort to control it.
4．只有当交通堵塞问题解决了，我们才能过和谐的生活。
Only when the problem of heavy traffic is solved
.
【答案】 1.which leads to the serious social problem
2．To solve the problem 3.Though/Although it is a difficult task 4.can we lead a more harmonious life
[连句成篇]
【参考范文】
As more and more cars are used，the traffic especially in big cities is getting heavier，which leads to the serious social problem－traffic jam.It has a negative influence on people's daily life and economic development.
To solve the problem of heavy traffic，effective measures should be taken.Firstly，more new roads should be constructed，and the old and narrow streets be widen and expanded，which can partly reduce traffic and speed up the flow of buses and cars.Secondly，our government should increase public transportation.More bus routes should be opened up because buses can carry more passengers.Thirdly，riding bicycles should be encouraged because it is a reasonable way for people to keep fit by cycling to and from their working place twice a day.
Though it is a difficult task，we should spare no effort to control it.Only when the problem of heavy traffic is solved can we lead a more harmonious life.
Ⅰ.立体式复习单词
A．基础单词
1．
n．收据
2．
n．车费
3．
n．目的地；终点
4．
vt.提供
5．
vt.探索
6．
n．心情；心境
【答案】 1.receipt 2.fare 3.destination 4.provide 5.explore 6.mood
B．词汇拓展
7．
n．执照；许可证→
n．允许
8．
vt.限制→
adj.有限制的，有限的→
n. 限制，极限，限度
9．
adj. 方便的→
n. 方便，便利的事物
10．
n．单程票→
n．往返票
11．
vi.反应→
n．反应
12．
n．解答；答案→
v．解决，解答
【答案】 7.permit；permission 8.limit；limited；limitation9．convenient；convenience 10.single；return 11.react；reaction 12.solution；solve
Ⅱ.递进式回顾短语
A．短语互译
1．
与……相连
2．
被困在……
3．
马上；一会儿
4．
到处旅行；四处走动
5．
under construction
6．
switch off
7．
keep cool
8．
no way
【答案】 1.be connected to 2.be /get stuck in 3.in no time 4.get around 5.正在建设之中 6.关上(点灯、电视等)；断掉(电源) 7.保持冷静 8.(俚语)肯定不；没门儿
B．用上面短语的适当形式完成下列句子
9．He is supposed to come back
.
10．We usually
a jam on our way to school.
11．These terminals
our computer.
12．She
with the help of a stick.
13．There are two new houses
.
【答案】 9.in no rime 10.get stuck in 11.are connected to 12.gets/got around 13.under construction
Ⅲ.仿写式活用句型
1．Simply raise your hand，and a taxi appears in no time.
【句式仿写】 只要动脑筋，你就能想到问题的解决办法。
2．Tricycles are worth using if you want to explore the narrow alleys(hutong)of old Beijing.
【句式仿写】 他的建议值得考虑。
3．It's a good idea to have your destination written in Chinese.
【句式仿写】 明天我要让医生把我的坏牙拔掉。
4．The situation in central London，where drivers spent fifty percent of their time in queues，became so bad that the local government decided to do something about it.
【句式仿写】 她气得说不出话来。
【答案】 1.Use your head，and you will find out solutions to these problems.
2．His suggestion is worth considering.
3．I'll have my bad tooth pulled out tomorrow.
4．She was so angry that she couldn't speak.
阅读理解之细节理解题(二)
排列顺序题
细节排序题的考查形式是在选项中列举一些具体的事实，然后对上面的事实进行排序。要求考生根据事件发生的先后顺序以及句子之间的逻辑关系，找出事件发生、发展的正确顺序。
【实例透析】
(2017·江苏高考·C)
[1]Medical drugs sometimes cause more damage than they cure.One solution to this problem is to put the drugs inside a capsule，protecting them from the body—and the body from them—until they can be released at just the right spot.There are lots of ways to trigger(引发)this release，including changing temperature，acidity，and so on.But triggers can come with their own risks—burns，for example.Now，researchers in California have designed what could be a harmless trigger to date：shining nearinfrared light(NIR，近红外线)on the drug in the capsule.
[2]．..
[3]．..
[4]So Almutairi and her colleagues reported creating a new material for capsules that's even better.This one consists of a
long chain of compounds called cresol groups linked in a polymer.Cresol contains reactive(易反应的)components that make it highly unstable in its polymeric form，a feature Almutairi and her colleagues use to their advantage.After polymerizing the cresols，they cap each reactive component with a lightabsorbing compound called Bhc.When the Bhcs absorb NIR light，the reactive groups are exposed and break the long polymer into two short chains.Shining additional light continues this breakdown，potentially releasing any drugs in the capsule.What's more，Almutairi says，Bhc is 10 times better at absorbing NIR than is ONB and is not poisonous to cells.
65．Which word can be used to complete the following process of changes?
―→―→
―→
A．protected
B．formed
C．exposed
D．combined
【解析】 C。排列顺序题中的细节理解。本题与一般的排序题不同，顺序已经排好，在第二步空出一个动词，要求从所给的四个动词中选出可以用来完成所给的变化过程的动词。根据问题可以在第四段找到对应的内容。根据第四段中的“When the Bhcs absorb NIR light，the reactive groups are exposed and break the long polymer into two short chains.Shining additional light continues this breakdown，potentially releasing any drugs in the capsule.”可以看出对应的动词顺序为：absorb，expose，break，release。故选C。
【技巧点拨】
考生可以采用“首尾定位法”，先找出最早的和最后的一个时间、事件，把它作为事件发生的参照点，然后使用排除法将范围一一缩小，从而快速地选出正确答案。
...
During the last winter holiday, my friend took me to a special café where you can DIY chocolates. I was very interested in making chocolates. For the first step, we chose a proper mould and a type of chocolate we would like to use. Next, we melted a bar of chocolate and poured it into the mould. The shopowner helped us put the mould in the fridge and then we had to wait. Then the chocolate turned solid, we began to decorate it by drawing some patterns with cream.
It was a little difficult for me to decorate my chocolate since I had never done it before. But when it was finished, I was very satisfied with my first attempt. My friend and I really had a good time.
...
59. What are proper steps the writer takes to DIY chocolate?
a. Visit Taobao.com to buy some materials.
b. Choose a mould and chocolate.
c. Go to a supermarket to get flowers.
d. Go to a café where you can try a handmade chocolate.
e. Decorate your chocolate with cream.
f. Melt a bar of chocolate and pour it into the mould and then in the fridge.
A. a—b—c—d
B. c—b—d—e
C. d—b—f—e
D. c—d—e—f
【解析】 细节排序题。根据题目要求中的DIY chocolate可排除a和c，由此可排除A、B、D三个选项。再根据文章内容可知C项正确。
【答案】 C