课时作业(四) 必修1 Unit 4 Earthquakes
.单项填空
1．(2017·南京名校阶段考试)—I wonder if I could make a living by writing.
—________？
A．Who cares B．How dare you
C．For whatD．Why not take a chance
2．(2017·山西太原部分中学高三统一检测)It came as________shock that ________fire broke out in Shanghai yesterday，killing at least 5 people.
A．a；a
B．a；/
C．/；a D．the；the
3．(2017·湖南师大附中一模)The first successful space walk in 2017 is an important historical________in Chinese history.
A．eventB．matter
C．affairD．incident
4．(2017·江苏两校联考)According to the agreement，you________be fined if you fail to meet the goal.
A．willB．must
C．mightD．shall
5．(2017·山东实验中学二模)You can never be________careful，the road is icy and slippery.
A．veryB．too
C．quiteD．rather
6．(2017·海口质检)I received his mother’s phone call at ten.Only then did I know that he was badly________in an accident the day before yesterday.
A．hurtB．injured
C．harmedD．wounded
7．You are so dependent that I’m afraid you can’t adjust yourself to________alone for a time.
A．leaveB．leaving
C．be leftD．being left
8．(2017·福建六校二模)His best movie，________won several awards，was about the life of Gandhi.
A．itB．that
C．whereD．which
9．The rescue team has saved more than ten people________under the collapsed buildings since the earthquake occurred in Ya’an.
A．trappingB．to be trapped
C．trappedD．having trapped
10．The space suits can be adjusted so that the team can reproduce different levels of gravity as if they________in space.
A．areB．has been
C．wereD．had been
11．He had lost his temper and his health in the war and never found________of them again.
A．neitherB．either
C．eachD．all
12．(2017·山西太原五中模拟)Some parents are just too protective.They want to________their kids from every kind of danger，real or imagined.
A．spotB．dismiss
C．shelterD．distinguish
13．(2017·兖州模拟)—Why do you look so worried?
—My computer broke down last week and my essay has been left________since.
A．finishedB．prepared
C．doneD．unfinished
14．(2017·厦门模拟)You will________your chances of getting a pay rise if you don’t work harder than others.
A．injureB．wound
C．harmD．ruin
15．(2017·安徽皖西四校二模)—Hi，Mum.I got promoted for my wonderful performance in my work.
—________
A．Congratulations！B．Best wishes.
C．Good luck.D．Don’t mention it.空[建议用时15]
Exactly fifty years ago my father gave me the words I have lived by ever since.He was a
physician.I had just started to study law at Budapest University.I failed one examination.I thought I could not __1__the shame so I sought escape in the consolation (慰藉) of failure’s closest__2__，alcohol，always at hand：apricot brandy to be exact.
My father called on me__3___.Like a good doctor，he discovered both the trouble and the__4__，in a second.I admitted why I had to escape reality.
The dear old man then and there made an immediate prescription.He__5__to me that there
can be no real escape in alcohol or sleeping pills—or in any drug.For any__6__there is only one
medicine，better and more __7__than all the drugs in the world：work!
How__8__my father was！Getting used to work might be hard.Sooner or later you succeed.It has，of course，the__9__of all the narcotics (麻醉药)．It becomes habitforming.And once the habit is formed，sooner or later，it becomes__10__to break one’s self of it.I have never been able to break myself of the habit for fifty years.
1.A.surviveB．understand
C．expect
D．feel
2．A.competitor B．friend
C．workmate D．relative
3．A.angrily B．secretly
C．unwillinglyD．unexpectedly
4．A.bottleB．box
C．parcel
D．bowl
5．A.whispered
B．explained
C．announced
D．screamed
6．A.illnessB．weakness
C．sorrowD．disappointment
7．A.comfortableB．convenient
C．available D．reliable
8．A.foolishB．happy
C．cruel
D．right
9．A.form
B．quality
C．price D．sideeffect
10．A.important
B．necessary
C．impossible D．unavoidable
Ⅲ.阅读理解
(2017·泰安复习质量检测)
University of Maryland student Ben Simon and his friends couldn’t stand to see good food thrown out on their campus.“We basically noticed that some of the extra food from the dining hall was going to waste at the end of the day.And we met with the dining services and asked them whether it would be okay if instead of throwing out the food we would donate it.And they were on board，” he said.
So 18 months ago，the students began what they call the Food Recovery Network.Each night，volunteers would show up at a campus dining hall to pick up leftovers and deliver them to area shelters and food banks.So far，they have donated more than 23 000 kilos of food that would otherwise have been thrown out.
Nationwide，$165 billion worth of food is wasted each year，according to the National Resources Defense Council.Spokesman Bob Keefe says that is about 40% of the country’s entire food production.“If we can reduce our waste in this country by 15%，we can feed 25 million hungry Americans.That is a huge benefit.That is what programs like this Food Recovery Network are doing，” he said.
Christian Life Center is one of the beneficiaries (受益者) of the students’ efforts.Ben Slye，the senior pastor (牧师)，said，“It has been just amazing to see these students take their own time，their own vehicles and own gas money and be able to make an effort like this.Each week we are able with this food probably to feed over hundred people.”
The University of Maryland’s Food Recovery Network now has 200 volunteers and the program has expanded to 18 schools across the country.“I want to grow 18 chapters to a thousand chapters within five years.And once we get to the Food Recovery Nation being at every college campus in America，we want to expand to restaurants and farms.” said Simon.
The volunteers are committed to making that happen.
1．The dining services in University of Maryland________.
A．threw out good food on the campus
B．supported the volunteers’ job
C．enjoyed the talk with the students
D．donated their leftovers to the poor
2．Volunteers from the Food Recovery Network________.
A．started the Food Recovery Network two years ago
B．delivered leftovers as well as money to shelters
C．helped to solve the hunger issues in America
D．donated leftovers to avoid food waste
3．Ben Slye’s attitude toward the volunteers’ effort was that of________.
A．unconcernB．doubt
C．appreciationD．opposition
4．We can learn from the text that________.
A．over 40% of the country’s entire food is wasted each year
B．altogether 25 million Americans suffer from hunger nowadays
C．Simon aims to expand the program to restaurants and farms
D．every college has started the Food Recovery Network
5．What can be the best title for the text?
A．College Students Rescue Leftover Food
B．Battles Against the Problem of Hunger
C．How to Pick up Leftovers on College Campuses
D．Waste Problems in University of Maryland
.写作
(2017·山东省高三高考模拟)
假定你是来自美国的大一学生John，主修中国文学。学校流行音乐俱乐部正从大一新生(freshman)中招聘新成员，要求会用某种乐器、嗓音好且热爱音乐。你希望加入该俱乐部。请用英语写一封申请信，要点如下：
1．个人基本情况介绍；2.满足的招聘条件；3.加入俱乐部的目的；4.联系方式：邮箱：john102@hotmail.com.。
注意：1.词数：120～150；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数。
Dear Sir/Madam，
Pop Club attracts me deeply._________________________________________ ________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Yours
sincerely，
John
课时作业(四)
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．解析： 考查交际用语。句意为：——我想知道我是否可以靠写作谋生。——为什么不试一下？根据句意可知，应选D。
答案： D
2．解析： 句意为：昨天发生在上海的一场火灾造成至少5人死亡，这真是让人震惊的事情。“a shock”表示“一件让人震惊的事情”，故第一空用不定冠词a；“a fire”泛指“一场火灾”，故第二空也用不定冠词a。
答案： A
3．解析： 考查名词词义辨析。event指“大事件、国际事件或历史上的事件”，符合句意。matter指“亟待考虑或解决的事情，也可称作问题”；affair指“个人或国家的杂事”；incident指“小事件或政治事变”。
答案： A
4．解析： 考查情态动词。句意为：按照协议，如果你没有达到目标，你将会被罚款。shall用于第二、三人称，表示说话人给对方的承诺、警告、命令等，符合句意。
答案： D
5．解析： 考查副词用法。否定词not、never等与too连用时，意为“再……也不为过，越……越好”，其他几项均无此用法。
答案： B
6．解析： 在意外事故中受伤常用injure。句意为：十点钟时我接到他母亲的电话。直到那时我才知道他在前天的一次意外事故中伤得很严重。
答案： B
7．解析： 考查非谓语动词。主语You与leave是逻辑上的动宾关系；且adjust oneself to中的to为介词。综合可知，应选D。
答案： D
8．解析： 考查定语从句。句意为：他最好的(那部)电影，获得了好几个奖，内容是关于甘地的生活。分析句子结构可知，空处应为非限制性定语从句的引导词，从句缺少主语，且先行词为物，故用which。
答案： D
9．解析： 考查非谓语动词。more than ten people与trap构成逻辑上的被动关系，需用被动语态，可选B、C；再根据句中的has saved，知trap动作已经完成，故用过去分词。句意为：自从雅安地震发生以来，这个救援小队已经从倒塌的建筑物下救出了10多个人。
答案： C
10．解析： 考查虚拟语气以及as if的用法。根据句中的can be adjusted，知这些队员现在还没在太空，是一个与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，故用were。句意为：这些太空服可以调节以便队员们能模仿不同级别的引力，好像他们在太空似的。
答案： C
11．解析： 句意为：战争中他发脾气且损害了健康；但现在两样都没有了。根据题干中的temper和health，可知设空处指的是两者，故排除D项；each指两者或两者以上的每个，不合句意；题干中出现了never，故排除表否定的neither；never与either连用，表示全部否定，故为正确答案。
答案： B
12．解析： 考查动词辨析。根据前一句中的内容可知父母想给孩子提供“庇护”，让他们避免各种危险，无论是真实的，还是想象的。A项表示“认出；发现”，B项表示“开除；解散”，D项表示“区分”，都不符合语意。
答案： C
13．解析： 考查leave的用法及动词词义的辨析。句式结构：leave＋宾语＋宾语补足语，由上文中“看起来很着急”可知，论文应该还未完成，故选D项。
答案： D
14．解析： 考查动词辨析。ruin可用其引申含义，意为“毁坏”，此时其宾语通常是health，fame，chance等。injure侧重身体上的伤害；wound侧重战场上的刀伤、枪伤等；harm指“对……有害”。
答案： D
15．解析： 考查交际用语。孩子因在工作中表现得好而得到提升，妈妈应该表示“祝贺”，所以选A。
答案： A
.完形填空
语篇解读 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者在上大学期间，因为一次考试的失利而丧失信心不能承受失败带来的痛苦，于是借酒解愁。他的父亲知道后，开导作者不能逃避现实，而应该通过工作来让自己战胜痛苦。
1．解析： 考查动词辨析。根据语境可知，作者不能承受考试失利的羞耻。survive意为“幸存，挺过”；understand意为“理解”；expect意为“期待，预期”；feel意为“感觉”。根据语境可知，答案选A。
答案： A
2．解析： 考查名词辨析。句意为：我想我不能承受这种耻辱带来的痛苦，于是从失败最亲密的朋友——酒精那里寻找慰藉以逃避现实，总是酒不离手……根据常识可知，失败跟酒精是分不开的“朋友”，所以friend符合语境。
答案： B
3．解析： 考查副词辨析。句意为：出乎意料地是，我父亲来看我了。angrily意为“生气地”；secretly意为“秘密地，私下地”；unwillingly意为“不情愿地”；unexpectedly意为“出乎意料地”。根据上下文语境可知，只有unexpectedly符合语境。
答案： D
4．解析： 考查名词辨析。句意为：像优秀的医生一样，他立刻就发现了我的问题和酗酒。the bottle表示“酒”之意，相当于alcohol，符合语境。
答案： A
5．解析： 考查动词辨析。句意为：他向我解释说，无论是酒精、安眠药还是毒品，都不会有真正的逃避。whisper意为“低声说出”；explain意为“解释”；announce意为“宣布”；scream意为“尖声喊叫”。explain to sb.意为“向某人解释”，此处表示父亲对“我”耐心开导，符合语境。
答案： B
6．解析： 考查名词辨析。句意为：不管什么悲痛，只有一种药物——工作，这比世界上任何药物都好，都可靠。illness意为“疾病”；weakness意为“弱点”；sorrow事为“悲伤”；disappointment意为“失望”。四个选项中，只有sorrow符合句意。
答案： C
7．解析： 考查形容词辨析。comfortable意为“舒服的，舒适的”；convenient意为“方便的”；available意为“可得到的，可利用的”；reliable意为“可靠的，可依赖的”。四个选项中，只有reliable符合语境。
答案： D
8．解析： 考查形容词辨析。句意为：我父亲说得多正确啊！根据下文可知，作者听了父亲的话，养成了用工作来治愈悲痛的习惯，故此处只有right符合语境。
答案： D
9．解析： 考查名词辨析。句意为：当然，它有所有麻醉药所具有的作用。form意为“形式”；quality意为“品质”；price意为“价格”；sideeffect意为“副作用”。四个选项中，只有quality符合语境。
答案： B
10．解析：
考查形容词辨析。句意为：一旦形成这种习惯，就不可能打破它了。important意为“重要的”；necessary意为“必需的”；impossible意为“不可能的”；unavoidable意为“不可避免的”。根据下文“I have never been able to break myself of the habit for fifty years.”可知，只有impossible符合语境。
答案： C
.阅读理解
语篇解读 本文是一篇资讯报道。每天都有人在浪费粮食，如果把这些粮食收集起来，供给那些需要的人，那将会帮助很多饥饿的人们。美国一所大学的学生们正在做这样的事情。他们建立了“食物回收网络”，收集学校餐厅里的残羹剩饭，将其送到有需要的地方。
1．解析： 细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后一句中的“And they were on board”可知，学校的餐饮服务部参与其中。此处on board为短语“take sth.on board”的简写，意为“采纳，接纳(主意、建议)”。
答案： B
2．解析： 推理判断题。根据对文章第二段的整体理解可知，志愿者们到学校餐厅去收集剩菜，然后把它们运到收容所等，以避免浪费。
答案： D
3．解析： 观点态度题。根据文章第四段第二句“Ben Slye，the senior pastor (牧师)，said，‘It has been just amazing to see these students take their own time，their own vehicles and own gas money and be able to make an effort like this.’”可知，Ben Slye对志愿者们的努力是持“支持，赞许，欣赏”的态度。
答案： C
4．解析： 细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段最后一句中的“And once we get to the Food Recovery Nation being at every college campus in America，we want to expand to restaurants and farms”可知，答案C符合文意。
答案： C
5．解析： 标题概括题。根据文章第一段的开篇点题和对文章的整体理解可知，本文主要介绍了美国大学生建立组织，收集学校餐厅里的剩饭，身体力行把它们运到收容所的事。由此可知，答案A最适合做文章的标题。
答案： A
.写作
Dear Sir/Madam，
Pop Club attracts me deeply.When I know you want to find new members from the freshmen，I decide to join it.
My name is John，coming from America.And I’m studying Chinese literature now.I like music very much.I have a good voice，which I feel very proud for.And I am good at playing the guitar.I have won many prizes of it.I think I am the one you want.
I really appreciate it if I am accepted.For one thing，I can display my talent.For another I will try my best to make contributions to the club and make it develops faster.If you think I’m suitable，please inform me by writing to john102@hotmail.com..Thank you for your consideration.
Yours sincerely，
John