专题限时检测(十三) 完形填空之夹叙夹议文体(二)
(共3篇，每篇限时18分钟)
A
(2015·徐州市高三考前信息卷)B.F.Skinner, the worldfamous psychologist, discovered that an animal rewarded for good behavior learns more rapidly than an animal punished for bad behavior. Later studies have shown that the same is true of human beings.
George is a section chief in charge of __1__ for an engineering company. One of his responsibilities is to __2__ that employees wear their hard hats when they are working. Whenever he __3__ workers who were not wearing hard hats, he would tell them with a lot of authority of the regulation and that they must obey. __4__， he threatened, they would have 10 percent of their bonuses taken away. As a result they would get silent and sometimes angry __5__， but often after he left, the workers would remove the hats.
Later, he decided to try a different __6__. The next time he found workers not wearing their hats, he asked if the hats were __7__ or did not fit properly. Then he reminded the men in a __8__ tone of voice that the hat was designed to protect them from injury and __9__ that it always be worn on the job. Not surprisingly, it worked.
Criticism is dangerous, because it wounds a person?s pride and hurts his sense of __10__. Criticism seldom achieves the desired goal because it puts a person on the defensive and usually makes him try to __11__ himself. Any fool can criticize, but it takes character and selfcontrol to be understanding and __12__. A great man shows his greatness __13__ the way he treats little men.
Bob Hoover, a test pilot, was surprised when, at 300 hundred feet in the air, both engines suddenly stopped. His first act after the emergency landing was to __14__ the airplane?s fuel. Just as he suspected, the plane had been filled with jet fuel __15__ gasoline. He asked to see the mechanic who had serviced (维护) his airplane. One could __16__ how Hoover’s anger would burst out at the poor man for that __17__. But seeing the young man was sick with pain from his mistake, Hoover didn’t scold him; he didn’t __18__ criticize him. Instead, he put his big arm around the young man?s shoulder and said, “To show __19__ I?m sure that you?ll never do this again, I want you to service my F51 tomorrow.”
Instead of condemning people, let?s try to understand them. Let?s try to __20__ the reasons why people do what they do and learn to forgive. That?s more profitable and often breeds sympathy, tolerance and kindness.
1.A.environment B．quality
C．finance
D．safety
2．A.see
B．witness
C．emphasize
D．determine
3．A.called in
B．picked out
C．came across
D．dropped on
4．A.Moreover
B．Otherwise
C．Instead
D．Therefore
5．A.refusal
B．challenge
C．offence
D．acceptance
6．A.approach
B．theory
C．application
D．criterion
7．A.tight
B．ordinary
C．uncomfortable
D．abnormal
8．A.sympathetic
B．pleasant
C．skeptical
D．critical
9．A.demanded
B．begged
C．advocated
D．suggested
10．A.importance
B．security
C．justice
D．beauty
11．A.express
B．challenge
C．justify
D．transform
12．A.caring
B．forgiving
C．disgusting
D．demanding
13．A.in
B．by
C．on
D．across
14．A.change
B．blame
C．empty
D．inspect
15．A.rather than
B．more than
C．better than
D．other than
16．A.anticipate
B．observe
C．interpret
D．reflect
17．A.motivation
B．coincidence
C．carelessness
D．decision
18．A.ever
B．even
C．simply
D．immediately
19．A.them
B．us
C．it
D．you
20．A.turn down
B．set aside
C．figure out
D．make up
B
(2015·扬州高三一模)I woke up with a painful back this morning. This was not unusual, since my back has given me problems for years, but today no __1__ or moving would loosen it up. Still, I had five dogs waiting __2__ by the door to go out for their morning walk as usual, so I slowly bent down and started to pull my shoes on. When I did, __3__， I saw that my shoes, like my body, were showing __4__ of wear. From the split in one shoe, I knew that it wouldn’t be too long __5__ I had to replace this pair. I only wished I could replace my back along with them.
Later, after __6__ the dogs, watching the sunrise and eating breakfast, I was feeling a lot __7__inside. My back pain had __8__ too, and my smile had returned. It was then __9__ I remembered a letter a friend had sent me recently. Inside, she had posted a __10__ picture of an old, wornout pair of work boots, sitting on the ground. Their leather was __11__ and their laces were worn, but they still looked __12__， because inside, someone had planted a beautiful bunch of flowers. The flowers had grown tall and strong, __13__ their curious container. This picture reminded me again that __14__ my body might have felt like a wornout pair of shoes at times, inside it was a __15__ that continued to grow every day in love, peace and happiness.
At some point in your life you need to __16__ who you really are. Are you the body that __17__ older every day, or are you the soul within it that remains forever __18__？ One day the loving spirit within you will have to __19__ out of its wornout pair of shoes and walk on __20__ them.May it bless everyone it meets along the way, heading for its Heavenly Home.
1.A.practicing B．shaking
C．jumping
D．stretching
2．A.hopefully
B．patiently
C．stressfully
D．thankfully
3．A.therefore
B．still
C．though
D．besides
4．A.symbols
B．signals
C．signs
D．marks
5．A.since
B．before
C．until
D．when
6．A.searching
B．pulling
C．walking
D．driving
7．A.tense
B．pain
C．better
D．worse
8．A.faded
B．swallowed
C．lost
D．failed
9．A.when
B．that
C．while
D．if
10．A.strange
B．useful
C．moving
D．delightful
11．A.cracked
B．covered
C．processed
D．decorated
12．A.normal
B．useful
C．different
D．great
13．A.in terms of
B．in honor of
C．in view of
D．in spite of
14．A.where
B．while
C．which
D．since
15．A.soul
B．mind
C．hope
D．wish
16．A.describe
B．decide
C．display
D．dismiss
17．A.seems
B．looks
C．grows
D．keeps
18．A.young
B．mature
C．strong
D．weak
19．A.start
B．step
C．make
D．put
20．A.under
B．from
C．behind
D．without
C
(2015·盐城高三二模)My friend John always has something to tell me. He knows so much that __1__ men have to have older and more worldlywise men to tell them, __2__， who to trust, how to care for others and how to live life __3__ the fullest.
Recently, John lost his __4__ Janet. For eight years she fought against cancer, but in the end her sickness had the last __5__. One day John took out a folded piece of __6__ from his wallet. He had found it, as he told me, when he __7__ up some drawers at home.
It was a __8__ love letter Janet had written. The note could look like a school girl?s scrawls (潦草地写，乱涂) about her dream guy. __9__ the letter was written by a woman who had had seven children, a woman who fought for her life and who __10__ only had a few months left to live.
It was __11__ a beautiful recipe for how to keep a marriage together. Janet?s __12__ of her husband begins like this, “Loved me. Took care of me. Worried about me.” “Helped me when I was ill.” The next __13__ reads. After that she turned __14__ the paper and added “Warmth. Humor. Kindness. Thoughtfulness.” And then she writes about the husband she has __15__ with and loved most in her life. “__16__ there when I needed you.” The last words she wrote __17__ all the others. I can see her for me when she added thoughtfully “Good friend”．
I stand beside John now, and cannot pretend to know how it feels to lose someone who is as close to __18__ as Janet was to him. I need to __19__ what he has to say much more than he needs to talk.
“John，” I ask. “How do you stick together with someone through 38 years — not to mention the sickness? How do I know __20__ I can bear to stand by my wife’s side if she becomes sick one day？”
“You can，” he says quietly. “If you love her enough, you can.”1.A.old
B．wise
C．young
D．foolish
2．A.for instance
B．at no time
C．in that case
D．as a matter of fact
3．A.in
B．to
C．at
D．for
4．A.friend
B．colleague
C．wife
D．sister
5．A.possibility
B．chance
C．hope
D．word
6．A.handkerchief
B．cloth
C．leather
D．paper
7．A.fixed
B．looked
C．tidied
D．put
8．A.small
B．long
C．descriptive
D．talkative
9．A.So
B．But
C．And
D．While
10．A.probably
B．surely
C．certainly
D．definitely
11．A.only
B．firstly
C．lastly
D．also
12．A.imagination
B．description
C．dream
D．expectation
13．A.letter
B．note
C．line
D．paragraph
14．A.away
B．down
C．off
D．over
15．A.lived
B．dealt
C．quarreled
D．argued
16．A.Constantly
B．Always
C．Never
D．Seldom
17．A.take the place of
B．get rid of
C．take away
D．sum up
18．A.me
B．Janet
C．John
D．you
19．A.speak up
B．repeat
C．discuss
D．hear
20．A.why
B．where
C．if
D．when
A
语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。心理学教授B.F.Skinner发现因表现良好而受到表扬的动物要比因表现差而受到惩罚的动物学东西学得快，这一点同样也适用于人类。文章中的两个小故事也证实了这一点。1．选D 根据下文“One of his responsibilities is to ________ that employees wear their hard hats when they are working.”可知，George的职责之一就是确保工人在工作时佩戴安全帽，由此可推知，George负责安全问题。故选D。
2．选A 根据空格后“that employees wear their hard hats when they are working”可知，George的职责之一就是确保工人在工作时佩戴安全帽。see that ... 意为“务必……，保证……”，符合语境。故选A。
3．选C 根据上文内容可知，George的职责之一就是确保工人在工作时佩戴安全帽，如果偶然遇到没戴安全帽的工人，他会告诉他们要务必遵守公司规定。故选C。
4．选B 根据上文“he would tell them with a lot of authority of the regulation and that they must obey”及下文“he threatened”可知，George警告工人必须遵守公司规定，否则就会被扣除10%的奖金。故选B。
5．选D 根据上文George对工人的警告和下文“but often after he left，the workers would remove the hats”可知，George的警告只是起到了暂时的效果，工人要么沉默，要么生气地接受了他的要求，但他一走，工人就摘掉帽子。故选D。
6．选A 根据上文可知，George通过警告工人不佩戴安全帽就会被罚款的方法并不起作用，因为他一走，工人就会把帽子摘掉。所以此处指他决定尝试另一种方法。故选A。
7．选C 根据空格后“or did not fit properly”可知，George询问不戴安全帽的工人是不是因为帽子不舒服或者帽子不合适。故选C。
8．选B 根据上文可知，George这次采取的方法与上次不同，由原来的警告威胁转换成从工人的角度去考虑问题，因此语气应是和蔼可亲的。故选B。
9．选D 根据句中“Then he reminded the men in a ________ tone of voice”可知，George这次采用的方法是委婉的，故此处指George建议工人们在工作时把帽子戴上。demand的语气太强硬，故排除。故选D。
10．选A 根据语境可知，批评会伤害他人的自尊心，会使他人觉得自己不重要。故选A。
11．选C 根据句中“puts a person on the defensive”可知，受到批评的人会努力替自己辩解。故选C。
12．选B 根据最后一段第二句“Lets try to ... and learn to forgive.”及语境可知，作者重在提醒人们不要批评和指责他人，要学会理解和原谅别人的错误。forgive意为“原谅”，符合语境。故选B。
13．选B 根据语境可知，此处指一个伟大的人是通过其对待小人物的方式来彰显他的伟大的。by意为“通过”，by the way为固定搭配，意为“通过……的方式”。故选B。
14．选D 句意：Hoover紧急着陆后做的第一件事就是检查飞机的燃油是否出了问题。故选D。
15．选A 根据下文可知，飞机发生故障而后紧急着陆，是由于加错了燃料造成的，飞机加的是喷气燃料，而不是汽油。rather than意为“而不是”，符合语境。故选A。
16．选A 根据上句“He asked to see the mechanic who had serviced (维护) his airplane.”可知，飞机出了故障后，Hoover要求见维护这架飞机的技工，结合常理可知，此时所有人都认为Hoover应该非常愤怒。anticipate意为“预见，预料”，符合语境。故选A。
17．选C 上文提及飞机发生故障是由于技工粗心大意、加错燃料造成的。故选C。
18．选B 根据句中“But seeing the young man ... Hoover didnt scold him”可知，此处指Hoover甚至都没有责备他。故选B。
19．选D 句意：为了让你明白，我相信你不会再做这样的傻事了，我想让你明天再来维护我的F51飞机。此处是Hoover对那个年轻技工说的话。故选D。
20．选C 根据上句中“lets try to understand them”可知，当别人犯了错误，不要责备而要理解他们，先弄清楚他们那样做的原因，学会谅解别人。故选C。
B
语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。“我”起床时背部很痛，在遛完狗，欣赏了日出，吃了早餐之后，感到心情好了很多，背上的疼痛也逐渐消失了。这时“我”想起朋友寄给“我”的一张照片，照片上是一双破旧的靴子里插着一束鲜花，“我”由此想到，有时我们的躯体就如这个靴子，灵魂就如这束鲜花。虽然躯体会日渐衰老，可灵魂依然可以永葆青春。1．选D 根据该句中“or moving would loosen it up”可推知，空格处和moving相照应，表示缓解背痛的一个动作。stretch“伸展”，符合语境。故D项正确。
2．选B 根据该句中“Still”和“slowly”可知，此处指“我”的五条狗还在门旁耐心地等着“我”带它们去进行晨间散步。patiently“耐心地”，符合语境。故B项正确。
3．选C 根据上句中“I slowly bent down ... shoes on”以及该句中“I saw that my shoes ... of wear”可知，空格前后为转折关系。though“然而”，符合语境。故C项正确。
4．选C 根据该句中“like my body ... of wear”和下句中“the split in one shoe”可知，“我”的一只鞋上有了裂口。此处指像“我”疼痛的身体一样，“我”的鞋子也显露出被穿坏了的迹象。句中“wear”作名词，意为“用坏，磨损”。sign“迹象”，符合语境。故C项正确。
5．选B 根据空格前“it wouldnt be too long”和空格后“I had to replace this pair”可知，过不了多久“我”就得换了这双鞋。“it will not be too long before ...”为固定句型，意为“过不了多久就……”，符合语境。故B项正确。
6．选C 根据第一段第三句中“for their morning walk”可知，此处指在“我”遛完狗之后。walk the dog为固定短语，意为“遛狗”，符合语境。故C项正确。
7．选C 根据下句中“and my smile had returned”可知，遛完狗，看完日出，吃过早饭之后，“我”感到好受多了。better“好多了”，符合语境。故C项正确。
8．选A 根据该句中“and my smile had returned”可知，“我”的笑容又回来了。由此可知，“我”的背痛也逐渐消失了。fade“逐渐消失”，符合语境。故A项正确。
9．选B 句意：在那时我想到了我的朋友最近寄给我的一封信。分析句子结构，该句为强调句，被强调的部分是“then”。故B项正确。
10．选D 根据该句中“an old, wornout ... the ground”以及下句中“because inside, someone ... flowers”可知，照片的内容是一双破旧的靴子被放在地上，靴子里面插着一束鲜花。由此可知，这是一张“令人感到愉快的”照片。delightful“令人愉快的”，符合语境。故D项正确。
11．选A 根据空格后“and their laces were worn”可知，鞋带磨损了，由此可知，空格处应与“worn”相对应，表示鞋裂开了。crack“破裂，裂开”，符合语境。故A项正确。
12．选D 根据该句中的“but”和“because inside, someone ... flowers”可知，尽管这双靴子已经很破旧了，但是它里面生长着一束鲜花。由此可推知，靴子看起来还是很棒的。great“棒的”，符合语境。故D项正确。
13．选D 空格前句意：花长得高大茂盛；空格后句意：……奇怪的容器。由此可知，空格前后为让步关系。in spite of“尽管”，符合语境。故D项正确。
14．选B 根据空格后“my body might have felt like a wornout pair of shoes at times”以及“continued to grow every day in love, peace and happiness”可知，两分句之间为让步关系。故B项正确。
15．选A 根据空格前的“my body”，“inside it”以及最后一段第二句中“the soul within it”可知，尽管有时“我”觉得“我”的身体就像是一双破旧的鞋子，但是在身体里却有一个每天在爱、和平和幸福中生长着的灵魂。soul“灵魂”，符合语境。故A项正确。
16．选B 根据空格后“who you really are”可知，此处指在人生的某个关键时刻，你需要决定你究竟是谁。decide“决定”，符合语境。故B项正确。
17．选C 句意：你是想成为每天都在变老的外在的躯壳……grow“渐渐变得”，符合语境。故C项正确。
18．选A 句意：……还是身体里面那个永远年轻的灵魂？根据本句中的“older ... or ... the soul within it that remains forever”可知，空格处与“older”意思相反。young“年轻的”，符合语境。故A项正确。
19．选B 根据句中“within you”，“out of”和“walk on”，并结合常识可知，此处指终有一天你的灵魂将走出你的躯体。step out of“走出”，符合语境。故B项正确。
20．选D 根据该句中“out of its wornout pair of shoes”可知，你的灵魂将走出你的躯体。由此可知，此处指灵魂将离开躯体继续前行。without“没有，不带有”，符合语境。故D项正确。
C
语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。三十八年来，约翰对自己的妻子始终不离不弃，哪怕是在妻子患癌症的8年间也是如此。他的做法不仅打动了妻子，也让作者感到不解：如何能够三十八年如一日地坚持下来呢？约翰的答案是：爱能够征服一切困难，只要你爱得够深。1．选C 根据常识以及句中“older and more worldlywise”可知，本句强调年轻人需要更年长的、更有见识的人来教会他们一些事情。故选C项，意为“年轻的”。
2．选A 根据该句中“who to trust ... the fullest”可知，作者举例说明年长者教年轻人诸如应该信任谁、怎样关心别人、如何尽情享受生活等方面的事。故选A项，意为“例如”。
3．选B live life to the full(fullest)是固定短语，意为“充分享受生活”，to表示程度、结果，意为“到……”。故选B项。
4．选C 根据第四段第二句中的“Janets ________ of her husband”可知，珍妮特是约翰的妻子。故选C项。
5．选D 根据本句中“For eight years she fought against cancer”以及本段第一句“Recently, John lost his ________ Janet.”可知，珍妮特和癌症斗争了八年，但最后还是去世了，斗争的结果是疾病获胜。故选D项，have the last word是固定短语，意为“最终决定，最后裁判”。
6．选D 根据第三段第一句中的“love letter”及第四段中的“the paper”可知，这是珍妮特写在纸上的一封信。故选D项，意为“纸，文件”。
7．选C 根据常识可知，妻子刚去世，约翰应该是在整理妻子抽屉里的遗物时发现了这封信。故选C项，意为“整理，收拾”。
8．选A 根据下句“The note could look ... her dream guy.”及下文对信的描述可知，这封信可能看起来像是女学生写给自己梦中情人的胡言乱语，很简短。故选A项，意为“小的，不重要的”。
9．选B 根据上句中“a school girls”与本句中“a woman who had had seven children”可知，前后两句之间是转折关系。故选B项。
10．选A 根据句中“who fought for her life”可知，珍妮特在努力与死神抗争以延长自己的生命，故珍妮特并不确切知道自己能活多久。故选A项，意为“可能地”。
11．选D 与上段第一句“It was a ________ love letter Janet had written.”对比可知，这不仅是珍妮特写的情书，也是对于如何维系婚姻的完美解答。故选D项。
12．选B 根据下文可知，这是珍妮特对自己丈夫约翰的描述。故选B项，意为“描写，描述”。
13．选C 根据上句中“begins like”可知，“Helped me when I was ill.”是第二句话。故选C项，意为“行，句”。
14．选D 根据常识可知，写完这些后，珍妮特翻转纸接着在背面补充了几句话。故选D项，turn over“翻转”。
15．选A 根据语境可知，珍妮特是在描写与自己生活在一起的丈夫约翰。故选A项，意为“生活”。
16．选B 根据倒数第二段第二句“How do you stick ... the sickness？”可知，三十八年来，约翰对珍妮特不离不弃，在妻子需要时他总在她的身边。故选B项，意为“一直，总是”。
17．选D 根据下句中“Good friend”可知，上述珍妮特所提到的约翰的各种品质，都是好朋友所具备的；由此可知，这是珍妮特最后的总结。故选D项，意为“总结，概括”。
18．选A 根据下段最后一句“How do I know ... one day？”可知，本句指作者不知道如果有一天失去自己的真爱，如同约翰失去珍妮特一样，会是怎样的感受。故选A项。
19．选D 根据上文可知，因为作者不知道这种感受，所以想问问约翰，听一听他真正想说的，而不是那些他不得不说的话。故选D项，意为“听见”。
20．选C 根据语境可知，作者想知道约翰如何能做到三十八年来一直对妻子珍妮特不离不弃。如果自己的妻子有一天生病的话，他怀疑自己是否能够像约翰一样。故选C项，意为“是否”。