第15练 阅读理解＋任务型阅读＋短文改错
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
体裁：记叙文 话题：动物世界 词数：330 时间：7′
Tropical fish hobbyists will tell you their tanks are a source of relaxation，but recent research suggests the fish might disagree.
Many American households contain a fish tank，whose average size is less than 10 gallons.Yet a study comparing the behavior of common freshwater fish found that those kept in such small tanks were more aggressive than those in larger ones and were more likely to fight.
“If people kept dogs in these conditions，they'd be put in prison，” said the author，Ronald Oldfield.“In larger tanks，the fish were not in continuous eyesight of each other.They were swimming around，checking everything out rather than beating each other，” he added.“It's something we should think about.”
The study consisted of two experiments.In one，Dr.Oldfield tested the effects of overcrowding by keeping tank size constant (不变) while increasing the number of fish.In the other，he tested environment by placing three fish in tanks of different sizes.He then recorded their behavior at least two hours after feeding，to eliminate (排除)competitive behaviors related to food.While aggression seemed to remain constant regardless of the number of fish in a tank，it dropped off considerably once the fish were placed in a 100gallon tank with several plants and rocks to form shelters.
The findings confirmed what he found when observing Midas in the wild.“If you go out and observe these fish swimming in a river，” he said，“they're not aggressive at all，really.” This conclusion is not news to Justin Muir，the owner of a fish tank business.“More volume of water is always better.It keeps the fish healthier，and the tank is more stable.”
【语篇解读】 本文叙述了热带鱼的生活习性。当它们的生活空间越小时，它们的侵略性就越强；反之，如果生活空间越大，侵略性越小。
1．We can conclude from the study that ________．
A．the fish in small rivers are more likely to fight than those in larger ones
B．if you keep fish in tanks of less than 10 gallons，you'll be put into prison
C．people haven't paid enough attention to the feeling of fish in smaller tanks
D．the fish in the wild are more aggressive than those kept in tanks
答案 C [推理判断题。由第二段和第三段内容可知，人们大多把鱼养在小的鱼缸里，故选C项。A项中讲的是河流，而全文讲的是鱼缸，故A项错误；由第三段第一句可知B项错误；由全文特别是最后一段可知D项错误。]
2．How was the first experiment performed?
A．By putting more and more fish in the same tank.
B．By putting fish in tanks of different sizes.
C．By putting some food to test the behavior of fish.
D．By putting fish in a tank with plants and rocks.
答案 A [细节理解题。由第四段第二句可知答案。]
3．The two experiments prove that ________．
A．food competition results in the aggressive behavior of fish
B．fish become more aggressive as more fish are put into a tank
C．crowding is the main cause of the aggressive behavior of fish
D．fish become less aggressive when placed in a 100gallon tank
答案 D [推理判断题。由倒数第二段最后一句可知，如果把鱼放在100加仑的鱼缸里，它们会停止攻击，故选D项。A项太片面；由倒数第二段最后一句可排除B、C两项。]
4．The best title for this passage might be ________．
A．Animals' Right to Live at Ease
B．Picture of Relaxation Only If You're Not Inside
C．How to Keep Tropical Fish as Pets
D．How to Deal with Fish's Aggressive Behavior
答案 B [主旨大意题。由短文内容可知，作者主要告诉我们鱼缸的大小决定鱼生活得是否舒适、侵略性的大小，故选B项。]
B
体裁：说明文 话题：团购 词数：407 时间：6′
Group buying is one of the fastest growing trends in South Africa today.Industry leaders are confident the growth potential remains strong since group buying is locationspecific (区域性的)．Startup costs are low and profit room remains high, so many sites continue to receive invested money despite widespread criticism and Facebook's decision to phase__out__of the deals business due to privacy concerns.
In the early stages of all industries, some companies fail because they cannot compete with stronger companies in difficult economic conditions.To deal with difficult conditions, an alarming number of businesses are developing group buying websites in places like China and India, so the increase of group buying in South Africa is nothing more than a natural progression into the international mainstream.
The group buying concept is fairly new and consumers have accepted this concept because they can now make full use of the rich information available on the Internet.Group buying is convenient and easy so it works.Anyone can view a site, join a mailing list, subscribe (注册加入) to RSS or print out a coupon (优惠券)．The current group buying structure offered by the industry leaders works although there are still challenges to overcome.
Perhaps, the future of group buying is tied to the joining together of social media and mobile devices.Mobile devices are with us wherever we go and almost everyone is using some type of social media site like Facebook or Twitter to stay informed.Using GPS and social media technology to provide real time locationspecific promotions would be beneficial to every consumer looking for the best deals in town.
Pause for a moment and think about it! What is better than signing on to your phone while having fun in town and you receive a real time information that your favorite shop across the street is offering a killer deal?
The future of the group buying in South Africa is bright and we can expect to see more advanced approaches to this concept in the future.In addition to the technological advances consumers will see the range of promotions expand to include new products and services.
【语篇解读】 本文主要介绍了南非团体购买的发展及其前景。
5．What does the underlined phrase “phase out of” mean in the passage?
A．Gradually stop.
B．Gradually increase.
C．Begin to develop.
D．Continue to enlarge.
答案 A [词义猜测题。本句意为：开始的费用很低，房租很贵，所以出于私人考虑，许多地方不顾广泛的批评和Facebook逐渐停止交易的决定，开始接受投资。故选A。]
6．The author sets China and India as examples to show that ________．
A．China and India are powerful countries
B．China and India are in difficult economic conditions
C．group buying is successful worldwide
D．group buying is an international trend
答案 D [细节理解题。从第二段最后一句的．..nothing more than a natural progression into the international mainstream，与其说它是一个自然的进步，倒不如说是一个国际的主流，故选D。]
7．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A．People have accepted group buying because it's a new concept.
B．Social media and mobile devices have been joined together for group buying.
C．GPS and social media technology will be helpful in group buying.
D．Shops usually offer a killer deal when their customers are having fun.
答案 C [细节理解题。从第四段第三句Using GPS and social media technology to provide real time locationsecific promotions...可知选C。 ]
8．The author's attitude towards the future of group buying is ________．
A．pessimistic
B．optimistic
C．objective
D．subjective
答案 B [推理判断题。从最后一段第一句The future of the group buying in South Africa is bright and we can expect to see more advanced approaches to this concept in the future.故选B。]
9．What does the passage mainly tell us?
A．The history of group buying.
B．Group buying in South Africa.
C．Growing trends in South Africa.
D．The group buying concept.
答案 B [主旨大意题。纵观全文讲述的是南非团体购物的情况以及团体购物的发展趋势，而第一段第一句group buying is one of the fastest growing trends in South Africa today.故选B。]
Ⅱ.下面文章中有5个段落需要添加小标题(第10～14题)。请从以下选项(A、B、C、D、E、F)中选出适合各段意思的小标题。选项中有一项是多余选项。
A．Facebook's advertising
B．Typical activities on Facebook
C．Suggestions about the future of Facebook
D．Problems with trust in personal information
E．Product purchase following Facebook's friends
F．People's attitude towards the development of Facebook
Facebook (脸谱网) is a communicating tool similar to QQ in China，shortly after its coming into being，it became popular with tens of millions of clients (用户)．Being one of them，Jane is talking about Facebook.The followings are her descriptions about it：
10．________
The most common activity I use Facebook for is to see what people are up to.I like to look through friends' photo albums to see where they've been and who they're with.It's also a nice way to message friends casually.I created a Facebook group for a certain club，so I just send out messages to the group when a meeting or event is coming up.
11．________
When Facebook was first started，everyone in my age wanted to be on it.The first version didn't have any of the fancy things－we could just message，play poke and befriend.It was too flat.When they started to add new features like the wall，photo albums，video capabilities，and groups，people became more interested.But then Facebook took it too far.Now I find Facebook has quite a few useless features.I prefer an older version of just the basics－messaging，walls，photos and groups.
12．________
I don't add anything too personal to my profile.My only concern is that friends can post pictures of me that I don't want to share.I download them but they will still be on the Internet.I don't think that's a good idea.I think when you don't want a photo to be shared，it should be deleted from the photo album.
13．________
It wouldn't bother me one bit.It's the same as any other recommendation method.I think it's a good place to sell/buy.You see your friends are into it，so you feel the connection right there －it seems like a great time to make a purchase.If Facebook had this service setup，people could just go on to see what new songs their friends are listening to － one click and they can purchase the songs on music websites，or rent new movies on movie websites etc.
14．________
If Facebook keeps trying to stick in useless applications to attract advertisers，it may sink in the future.But if it allows users to go to music or movie websites directly from their friends profiles，it may become the new social networking search engine that people use to look through their friends stuff when they need advice about what to buy.If they include a feature like favorite stores to shop at，they will definitely expand on the possibilities.
答案 10.B 11.F 12.D 13.E 14.C
Ⅲ.短文改错
下面短文中有10处语言错误。请在有错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个单词。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写上该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写上修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起
Last month I went to visit a small farm，and during the visit I see a farmer feeding pigs in a unusual manner.The farmer would lift a pig up to a nearby apples tree，and the pig would eat the apples off the tree direct.That is，the farmer would move the pig from one apple to the another until the pig was satisfying，and then he would start again with another pig.I watched this activity for some time with great surprised.Finally，I couldn't help saying to the farmer，“This is the worst method of feeding pigs which I can imagine.Just think of the time that would saved if you simply shook the apples off the tree and let the pigs eat it from the ground！”The farmer looked puzzled and replied，“What's time to a pig？”
答案
Last month I went to visit a small farm，and during the visit I a farmer feeding pigs in
unusual manner.The farmer would lift a pig up to a nearby
tree，and the pig would eat the apples off the tree .That is，the farmer would move the pig from one apple to
another until the pig was ，and then he would start again with another pig.I watched this activity for some time with great .Finally，I couldn't help saying to the farmer，“This is the worst method of feeding pigs
I can imagine.Just think of the time that would
saved if you simply shook the apples off the tree and let the pigs eat
from the ground！”The farmer looked puzzled and replied，“What's time to a pig？”