2016届高考英语二轮复习专题练习：情态动词和虚拟语气

　　Section 7　情态动词和虚拟语气

　　两年高考真题演练

　　1．(2015·北京高考)—Can't you stay a little longer?

　　—It's getting late.I really ________ go now.My daughter is home alone.

　　2．(2015·浙江高考)It was so noisy that we ________ not hear ourselves speak.

　　ziyuanku.com3．(2015·重庆高考)You ________ be Carol.You haven't changed a bit after all these years.

　　4．(2015·陕西高考)You ________ feel all the training a waste of time, but I'm a hundred percent sure later you'll be grateful you did it.

　　5．(2015·四川高考)You ________ be careful with the camera.It costs!

　　6．(2015·福建高考)—Sorry, Mum! I failed the job interview again.

　　—Oh, it's too bad.You ________ have made full preparations.

　　7．(2015·天津高考)I ________have worried before I came to the new school, for my classmates here are very friendly to me.

　　8．(2015·北京高考)If I ________(see)it with my own eyes, I wouldn't have believed it.

　　9．(2015·重庆高考)Without his wartime experiences, Hemingway ________(write)his famous novel A Farewell to Arms.

　　10．(2015·陕西高考)Ellen is a fantastic dancer.I wish I ________(dance)as well as her.

　　11．(2015·天津高考)I wish I ________ (be)at my sister's wedding last Tuesday, but I was on a business trip in New York then.

　　12．(2015·安徽高考)It is lucky we booked a room, or we________(have)nowhere to stay now.

　　13．(2017·重庆高考)I've ordered some pizza，so we

　　________ worry about cooking when we get home tired.

　　14．(2017·江苏高考)It was sad to me that they，so poor themselves，________ bring me food.

　　Ziyuanku.com15．(2017·江西高考)Life is unpredictable；even the poorest ________ become the richest.

　　16．(2017·陕西高考)My book，The House of Hades，is missing.Who ______ have taken it?

　　17．(2017·四川高考)I still remember my happy childhood when my mother ________ take me to Disneyland at weekends.

　　18．(2017·大纲卷)Although you ________ find bargains in London，it's not generally a cheap place to shop.

　　19．(2017·北京高考)________ I have a word with you？It won't take long.

　　20．(2017·湖南高考)—I've prepared all kinds of food for the picnic.

　　—Do you mean we ________ bring anything with us?

　　21．(2017·湖南高考)If Mr.Dewey ________(be) present，he would have offered any possible assistance to the people there.

　　22．(2017·陕西高考)We would rather our daughter ________(stay) at home with us，but it is her choice，and she is not a child any longer.

　　23．(2017·浙江高考)They were abroad during the months when we were carrying out the investigation，or they ________(come) to our help.

　　24．(2017·北京高考)We ________(be)

　　back in the hotel now if you didn't lose the map.

　　25．(2017·天津高考)Had he________(catch)

　　the morning train，he would not have been late for the meeting.

　　26．(2017·重庆高考)It was John who broke the window.Why are you talking to me as if I________ (do)

　　it?

　　27．(2017·福建高考)________(be) there no modern telecommunications, we would have to wait for weeks to get news from around the world.

　　28．(2017·安徽高考)People are recycling many things which they ________(throw) away in the past.一年模拟试题精练

　　1．(2015·江苏启东中学月考一)—What have you learned from your experience in the USA?

　　—Well, meeting people from another culture________be very difficult.

　　2．(2015·陕西西工大附中月考)Some young people these days, especially the homebodies, just________not go out of their homes to experience the real world.

　　3．(2015·江西六校联考一)—Mum, can I go on a holiday with my classmates this summer vacation?

　　—OK.You________have a chance if you get along well with your studies.

　　4．(2015·徐州质检三)—I think I saw Mr. Smith at yesterday's party.

　　—He ________(be) there. He is now on a business trip in Greece. And he left the day before yesterday.

　　5．(2015·江西六校联考)You ________pay too much attention to your reading skill, as it is so important.

　　6．(2015·北京昌平统考二)—What are you going to do this weekend?

　　—I don't know.I________go to Beihai Park.

　　7．(2015·安徽“江南十校”联考)—The deadline is drawing, but I failed to challenge the task a third time.

　　—________my brother have a try?

　　8．(2015·黑龙江双鸭山一中月考)Tom：Sandy.It seems that only half of the students passed the final exam.

　　Sandy：Really? The exam ________ have been very difficult this time.

　　9．(2015·山西康杰中学月考)All the students ________ put on masks before going to school in case they are infected with flu virus.

　　10．(2015·辽宁省实验中学月考)If you will stay here longer，you may.But you ________ leave before this weekend.

　　11．(2015·黑龙江哈九中月考)Tom：Did you visit the famous cultural relics last month?

　　Mary：No，we ________(visit) it，but we spent too much time shopping.

　　12．(2015·河南开封市冲刺模拟)And a similar number of students believe that a good university ________ produce graduates who are particularly sought after by employers.

　　13．(2015·黑龙江哈三中二模)Curiosity sometimes ________be foolish or wrong.Some people with nothing to do are full of curiosity about what their neighbors are doing.

　　14．(2015·辽宁锦州市质量检测一)________ you please help me get him back into his wheelchair?

　　15．(2015·湖南怀化市一模)Joseph Addison once said，“Reading is to the mind what exercise is to the body.” I am sure you ________ have heard this quote.

　　16．(2015·湖南十三校联考一)Only by pursuing our dreams ________we enjoy a meaningful and fulfilled life.

　　17．(2015·湖南长沙实验中学模拟)Therefore，when you are going on a trip，you ________ make a good preparation.Firstly，you must have clear information about the weather.

　　18．(2015·云南昆明三中月考)John：She looks happy.She ________ have passed the exam.

　　Joan：I guess so. It's not difficult after all.

　　19．(2015·山东聊城联考)I'm Captain John Blanchard.You ________ be Miss Hollis.I am glad to meet you here.

　　20．(2015·山东烟台一模)Every time she was in trouble，she went to him for help，as he said he ________ do anything for her.

　　21．(2015·江苏南京调研)—What's your comment on the match?

　　—We ________(score), but today was not our day.

　　22．(2015·四川雅安中学期中)I forget where I learned the saying，or I________(show) it to you now.

　　23．(2015·安徽六校联考一)It's a pity you were late, otherwise you________(see)

　　the film star Rain from Korea.

　　24．(2015·福建福州八中质检二)Had the government limited the sales of cars much earlier, traffic jam and pollution ________(be) so serious now.

　　25．(2015·安徽安庆望江中学月考)—I failed again, I wish I________(work) harder.

　　—But you didn't.

　　来源：www.ziyuanku.com26．(2015·重庆巴蜀中学月考)— How was your trip to London?

　　—Great. I was helped by an organization. Otherwise, I________(not afford) it.

　　27．(2015·湖南益阳一中等三校联考)________it rain tomorrow, we would have to cancel the football match.

　　中华资源库28．(2015·重庆南开中学模拟)—I spent three hours buying a train ticket at the railway station the other day.

　　—Why？You________(buy) one on the Internet or by phone.

　　29．(2015·吉林延边二中月考)He commanded that all the gates ________ (shut) when it was getting dark in case thieves came in.

　　30．(2015·广西桂林中学月考)It is necessary that the government ________ (find) solutions for the problems of air pollution to create a clear environment.

　　31．(2015·海南中学月考)It has been suggested the sports meeting ________(put) off till the smog is not so severe.

　　32．(2015·黑龙江哈三中二模)Columbus could never have found America if he ________(not be) curious.

　　www.ziyuanku.com Section 7　情态动词和虚拟语气【两年高考真题演练】

　　1．must　[句意：——你不能再多待一会儿吗？——天要黑了，我真的现在必须走了，我的女儿独自呆在家里。must必须。]

　　2．could　[句意：太吵闹了，我们连自己说的话都听不到。can/could表示“能力，能够”。根据前面的was可知，此处要用过去时could。]

　　3．must　[句意：你一定是Carol，这些年以来你一点都没变。must一定，表示推测，符合句意。]

　　4．may　[句意：你也许会认为所有的培训都是浪费时间，但是我百分之百保证你以后会感激你所做的事情。根据后文的描述可以看出此处培训还没有结束，是一种不肯定的推测语气。]

　　5．must　[句意：你必须非常小心地使用这台照相机，它很昂贵。根据下文的it costs可知， must必须，表示“命令或要求”。]

　　6．should　[句意：——很抱歉，妈妈，我的面试又失败了。——噢，真是太糟糕了，你本应该做好充分准备的。should have done本应该做但是没有做。]

　　7．needn't　[句意：在来到新学校前我本不必担心，因为在新学校我的同班同学对我很友好。needn't have done...本不必做的事做了。]

　　8．hadn't seen　[句意：如果不是亲眼看到，我就不会相信这件事。由主句中的谓语动词wouldn't have believed 可知是对过去情况的虚拟，虚拟条件句的谓语动词用过去完成时。]

　　中华资源库 ziyuanku.com9．wouldn't have written　[句意：要是没有战争经历的话，海明威就不会写出他著名的小说《永别了，武器》。根据句中的without his wartime experiences可知描述的是过去的事情，对过去的假设主句部分用would/could/should/might＋have done。根据句意要用否定形式，故答案为wouldn't have written。]

　　10．danced　[句意：艾伦是一位出色的舞者，我希望我能像他跳得一样好。wish后跟宾语从句时，从句中需要用虚拟语气，从句中用did表示对现在事实的虚拟。]

　　11．had been　[句意：我希望上个星期二我出席了姐姐的婚礼，但那时我正在纽约出差中。wish后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，对过去发生过的事情的虚拟要用过去完成时。]

　　12．would have　[句意：很幸运我们订了一个房间，否则我们现在将无处可住。or后面是主句，相当于if we hadn't booked a room, we would have nowhere to stay now，根据“now”可知，是对现在进行虚拟，因此用would＋动词原形。]

　　13．needn't　[句意：我已经预订了一些比萨饼，所以当我们到家感到累的时候就不必担心做饭的事了。本题考查情态动词。根据句意可知答案为needn't。]

　　14．should　[句意：让我难过的是，他们自己那么贫穷，竟然还给我带来食物。本题考查情态动词。情态动词should可以表示说话人惊讶的语气，意为“竟然”。]

　　15．might　[句意：生活是不可预测的；即使是最穷的人也有可能成为最富有的人。在这里表示不确定性，所以用表达可能性最小的情态动词might。]

　　16．could　[句意：我的书籍《哈迪斯小屋》不见了。谁可能把它拿走呢？could表示可能的推测，所以答案是could。]

　　17．would　[句意：我仍然记得我幸福的童年时光，那时我的妈妈带着我在周末的时候去Disneyland。表示过去的时候经常或常常做某事，所以答案是would。]

　　18．can　[句意：虽然你在伦敦可能会买到减价品，但通常那儿不是一个能买到便宜货的地方。考查情态动词。can在此处表示“可能性”。]

　　19．Can/May　[句意：我能和你说句话吗？不会花很长时间的。本题考查情态动词的基本用法。can/may可以，表请求允许。]

　　20．needn't　[题干意思是：我已经准备好了野餐要带的各种食物。你的意思是我们不必带任何食物了吗？由此可知，所填词意思是“不必”，答案是needn't。]

　　21．had been　[句意：如果Mr.Dewey在现场的话，他会对在那儿的人提供任何可能的援助。根据句意可知，题干表示与过去的事实相反，故从句谓语动词用“had＋过去分词”，答案是had been。]

　　22．stayed　[句意：我们宁愿我们的女儿和我们待在家里，但是那是她的选择，而且她不再是一个孩子了。would rather 后的宾语从句要采用虚拟语气，从is这个动词的使用看，是与现在事实相反，则从句用一般过去时表示与现在事实相反，答案用stayed。]

　　23．would have come　[句意：当我们进行调查的那几个月期间他们正在国外，否则他们会来帮助我们的。这里表达的是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，用would have come。]

　　24．should/could/would/might be　[句意：如果你没有丢掉地图，我们现在就回到宾馆了。本题考查虚拟语气。根据句意可知，if引导的从句是对过去事实的阐述，而主句表示与现在事实相反的虚拟，其谓语动词应为：would/should/could/might＋do结构。]

　　25．caught　[句意：要是他赶上了早晨的火车，那他就不会开会迟到了。本题考查虚拟语气。根据句意，此处是与过去事实相反的假设，条件状语从句应该用过去完成时。本题为省略if的虚拟条件句，应把助动词had提到句首，变为倒装句式。]

　　26．had done　[句意：是约翰打坏的窗户，你为什么和我说呢？好像是我打坏的一样。本题考查虚拟语气。第一句已经说明是John打坏的窗户，所以第二句中as if后面要用虚拟语气，而且是对过去的虚拟，故填had done。]

　　27．Were　[句意：要是没有现代化的通讯工具，我们要等上几周才能获取世界各地的资讯。本题考查虚拟语气。根据主句谓语结构would have to可知设空处表示与现在事实相反的假设，if条件从句谓语应为“动词的过去式”，即If there were...，在虚拟条件句中可以省略if，把were提到句首。]

　　28．would have thrown　[句意：人们正在回收在过去他们本来会扔掉的许多东西。表示“过去本来会做(结果却没有这样做)”，用would have done 结构，所以答案用would have thrown。]

　　【一年模拟试题精练】

　　1．can　[句意：——在美国学到了什么呢？——哦，同别的国家的人相处有时会很难。can可以表示“有时会……”。]

　　2．will　[句意：现在一些年轻人，尤其是宅男，不愿意走出家门去体验真实的世界。will愿意。]

　　3．shall　[句意：——妈妈，这个暑假我能和同学去度假吗？——好的，如果你学习好的话，你可以有这样的机会。shall用于第二人称时表示许诺。]

　　4．couldn't have been　[句意：——我认为在昨天的聚会上我看到史密斯先生了。——不可能，他正在希腊旅行，前天离开的。根据后面提到的 He is now on a business trip in Greece.And he left the day before yesterday.可知是对过去的否定推测，couldn't have done不可能做了某事，符合语境。]

　　5．can't　[句意：无论你怎样重视阅读技能都不过分，因为它是如此的重要。情态动词can't与too连用，表示肯定，意为“越……越好，怎样都不过分。”]

　　6．might　[句意：——这个周末你打算做什么？——不知道，我可能去北海公园。根据I don't know 可知这里是不确定的说法，所以要用might“可能，或许”。]

　　7．Shall　[句意：——最后期限就要到了，但是我挑战这个任务又失败了。——我哥哥可以试一次吗？shall可与第一、三人称连用，用于疑问句中，表示征求对方意见，请求许可或向对方提出建议。这里表示提建议。]

　　8．must　[答句意为“这次的考试一定很难”。must have done肯定……，表示对过去的肯定猜测。]

　　9．shall　[所有学生应在去学校之前带上口罩以防感染禽流感。shall用于第二、第三人称，表示说话人给对方命令、警告、允诺或威胁。]

　　10．must　[根据but可知，此处强调说话人主观上认为“必须”做某事，要求对方必须在周末前离开。must必须。]

　　11．could have visited　[我们“本能够”去的，但是我们花太多时间购物，所以没能去。could have done本能够做某事(但没做成)。]

　　12．should　[同样数量的学生认为一个好的大学应该培养雇主们追求的毕业生。should应该，应当，表示义务、责任，符合语境。]

　　13．can　[那些无所事事的人对他们的邻居正在做什么感到好奇。好奇有时可能是愚蠢的或者说是错误的。can在肯定句中表可能性时表示理论上的可能性，而不是表示具体某事发生的可能性。]

　　14．Would　[你可以帮助我将他弄回到轮椅上吗？Would you please...？请你……好吗？表示婉转的请求。]

　　15．must/may/might/can/could　[我确定你一定或可能听过这句话。情态动词表推测可用must/may/might/can/could。]

　　16．can　[只有追求梦想我们才能享受有意义的完整人生。only修饰状语放在句首要使用倒装句，can要提到主语前面。]

　　17．should/must　[所以，每次旅行都应该或必须做好充分的准备。]

　　18．must　[说话人推测她通过考试有一定的理由，即她看起来很开心，因此推测时很有把握，故用must。]

　　19．must　[你一定是Hollis先生。根据语境可知此处要用must表示肯定推测。]

　　20．would　[每次她遇见麻烦，都会向他求助。因为他说过他愿意为她做一切。would愿意。]

　　21．could have scored　[根据语境可知该处是对过去的虚拟(情态动词＋have done)，又因为根据句意此处意为“我们本能够获胜的”，即could have done。]

　　22．would show　[句意：我忘了我在哪里学到的这句谚语了，否则我现在就拿给你看了。根据句意可知or后面是一种假设情况，是对现在情况的假设和虚拟，应该用would＋动词原形。]

　　23．would have seen　[句意：很遗憾你迟到了，否则你就会看到来自韩国的电影明星Rain了。根据otherwise判断此处是含蓄型的虚拟语气，表示对过去的虚拟时，主句用would/should/might have done。]

　　24．would not be　[在虚拟条件句中，常省略if，把had, were，should等提到句首，构成倒装，if从句用的是过去完成时，说明是对过去的事情进行虚拟，这时，主句使用would have done。但是需要注意的是，句尾有now这个词，即主句是对现在进行虚拟的，应该使用would/should/could＋动词原形。]

　　25．had worked　[句意：——我又失败了，我希望以前更加努力了。——但是你没有。表达与过去事实相反的愿望，所以用过去完成时态表虚拟语气。]

　　26．wouldn't have afforded　[句意：——你的伦敦之旅怎么样？——很好，我得到了一个机构的帮助。否则，我是支付不起这个费用的。根据otherwise和was可知，此处表示的是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，故用would/could/might have done结构。]

　　27．Should　[句意：如果明天下雨，我们就不得不取消足球比赛。根据主句中的would have to...，可知这是和将来相反的虚拟条件句，条件句的谓语可以用should do/did/were to do，也可以省略if，提前should, were，但如果是were的话，it后面要有to 。]

　　28．could have bought　[句意：——前天我花了三个小时买火车票。——为什么这么做？你本可以通过网络或电话购买的。根据the other day可知此处表示对过去虚拟。]

　　29．(should)be shut　[他要求天黑时关闭所有的门以防小偷进入。command 表示“命令，要求”后跟宾语从句时用虚拟语气should do sth，其中should 可以省略。]

　　30．(should) find　[在句型“it is necessary＋ that从句”中，谓语动词应该用should ＋动词原形，should可以省略。]

　　31．(should) be put　[在 “It is suggested that ＋从句”中谓语动词应该用should＋动词原形，should可以省略，根据句意应该用被动形式。]

　　中华资源库 ziyuanku.com32．had not been　[哥伦布如果不曾好奇，就不会发现新大陆。对过去的虚拟，从句要用过去完成时，主句要用could/should/might/would ＋ have done结构。]