Unit 19 Language
(60分钟81分)
Part A
一、阅读理解(共8小题;每小题2分,满分16分)
A
Having experienced a shocking electrical accident,which caused him to become both blind and deaf,James Franco’s world became completely dark and quiet for almost ten years.The loss of sight and hearing threw him into such sorrow that he tried a few times to put an end to his life.His family,especially his wife,did their best to tend and comfort him and finally he regained the will to live.
One hot summer afternoon,he was taking a walk with a stick near his house when a thunderstorm started all at once.He stood under a large tree to avoid getting wet,but he was struck by the lightning.Witnesses thought he was dead but he woke up 20 minutes later,lying face down in muddy water.He was trembling badly,but when he opened his eyes,he could hardly believe what he saw:a tree and a muddy road.When Mrs Franco came running up to him,shouting to their neighbors to call for help,he could see her and hear her voice for the first time in nearly ten years.
The news of James regaining his sight and hearing quickly spread and many doctors came to examine him.Most of them said that he regained his sight and hearing from the shock he got from the lightning.However,none of them could give a compellent answer as to why this should happen.The only reasonable explanation given by one doctor was that,since James lost his sight and hearing as a result of a sudden shock,perhaps,the only way for him to regain them was another sudden shock.
(2015·贵州七校联盟联考)
1.The reason why James attempted to kill himself was that .
A.a terrible electrical accident happened to him
B.nobody in the whole world cared about him
C.he was struck by the lightning once more
D.he had to live in a dark and silent world
2.What was James doing when he was struck by the lightning?
A.Taking a walk with a stick.
B.Putting an end to his life.
C.Sheltering from the rain under a tree.
D.Lying on the ground.
3.What does the underlined word “compellent” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A.Unexplained. B.Convincing.
C.Wrong. D.True.
4.Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?
A.A terrible electrical accident
B.What a sudden shock
C.An unforgettable experience
D.James Franco and his wife
【文章大意】本文是记叙文。一次电击事故导致詹姆斯·弗兰科失明、失聪近十年,但后来因为另一次事故他竟然奇迹般地恢复了视力和听力。
1.D 细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“The loss of sight and hearing threw him into such sorrow that he tried a few times to put an end to his life.”可知,失去视力和听力使他生活在黑暗无声的世界里,这种痛苦导致他几度要自杀,D项符合文意。
2.C 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“He stood under a large tree to avoid getting wet,but he was struck by the lightning.”可知,被电击时他正在树下避雨,应选C项。
3.B 词义推测题。由划线词所在句中的However和none可推出,划线词应表示肯定意义,排除A项;再根据下句句意可知,划线词应与reasonable含义相近,故选择B项,表示对于所发生的这种情况,没有人能给出“令人信服的”答案。
4.B 标题归纳题。本文主要讲述了因事故失明、失聪的詹姆斯·弗兰科被闪电击中后,奇迹般地恢复了视力和听力的故事,B项与文意相符,其他选项均偏离主题。
B
Most kinds of rose plants are native to Asia.But roses also grow in other parts of the world including northwest Africa,Europe and the United States.In 1986,Congress and President Ronald Reagan chose the rose as America’s national flower.Whatever the name,the decision did not smell sweet to supporters of other popular flowers.
Some people say roses are difficult to grow.But you have a good chance of success if you start with a few suggestions from experts.You should choose a place to plant your roses where they can get sunshine for about six hours on bright days.You can buy roses from a garden center or by mail order.You can buy potted roses,also known as container roses,or bare-root plants.Each kind has its fans.
Some gardeners say potted roses are easier to plant.They say the roots develop better if you start with potted roses.But others point out that bare-root roses come without soil,so they weigh less to transport and that can save money.When growing roses,the soil should feel moist(潮湿的)deep down.
Watering should be done in the morning.You can avoid problems like black spot and mildew that way.Be careful not to water roses too much.Too much water can cause unhealthy discoloration on the leaves.
After heavy rains or too much watering,try temporarily pulling away mulch(覆盖物) from around the roots.Doing that will help dry the soil.Mulch stops weeds from growthing and holds moisture in the soil.You can use mulch made from bark,pine needles,cottonseed or oak leaves.
1.From the first paragraph,we know that in the United States .
A.not all the people like roses
B.there are a lot of national flowers
C.some roses don’t smell sweet
D.most roses exist naturally
2.Why do some garderners suggest planting bare-root roses?
A.They are easier to plant.
B.Their roots develop better.
C.They are cheap to transport.
D.They don’t need any sunshine.
3.From the last paragraph we can infer that placing mulch around rose plants .
A.helps dry the soil
B.avoids problems like black spot
C.contributes to the rose growth
D.makes more air flow around roses
4.Which of the following is the best title of the passage?
A.The origin of the rose
B.The choice of the national flower
C.The purchase of the rose
D.The planting of the rose
【文章大意】本文是说明文,介绍了种植玫瑰的方法。
1.A 细节理解题。由第一段最后一句可知,选择将玫瑰作为国花对其他花卉的支持者来说不是一个令人愉快的决定,可见并不是所有的美国人都喜欢玫瑰,故选择A项。
2.C 细节理解题。根据第三段倒数第二句“...so they weigh less to transport and that can save money.”可知C项正确。
3.C 推理判断题。最后一段第三句提到,覆盖物能够抑制杂草生长,保持土壤水分。据此推知,在玫瑰周围放置覆盖物有利于玫瑰生长,故选择C项。
4.D 标题归纳题。由第二段第二句“But you have a good chance of success if you start with a few suggestions from experts.”可看出,本文介绍的是种植玫瑰的方法,下文都围绕这个中心展开,故选择D项。
二、语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
Tu Youyou,84,was 1.(honor) with the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine on Oct.5,2015.She was the first Chinese citizen 2.(win) a Nobel Prize in science.Tu 3.(share)the prize with the Irish-born William Campbell and Satoshi Omura of Japan.
Tu is a 4.(research) at the China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine now.She was given the prize for developing artemisinin(青蒿素),a new drug therapy against malaria(疟疾),5. has saved millions of lives worldwide,especially in 6.(develop) countries.
Tu and her colleagues joined a government project to find a new malaria drug 7. the late 1960s.They made 380 herbal extracts from two thousand recipes from traditional Chinese medical books.In 1971,after nearly two hundred 8.(failure),Tu’s team 9.(final) found an extract that was 100% effective against the malaria parasites—artemisinin.In 2001,the World Health Organization made artemisinin its first choice in the 10.(treat) of malaria.
“The discovery of artemisinin is a gift to mankind from traditional Chinese medicine.It’s the collective achievement of the research team.Winning the prize is an honor for Chinese science and traditional Chinese medicine,”Tu said.
(2016·山东临沂期中考试)
1.honored。be honored with...“被授予……奖励(头衔、称号等)”。
2.to win。当名词被序数词、形容词最高级或only,last,next等词修饰时,常接不定式作定语。
3.shared。描述已发生过的事,应用一般过去时。share sth.with sb.“与某人分享某物”。
4.researcher。空前有a修饰,此处泛指“一名研究者”,故填名词researcher。
5.which。此处的非限制性定语从句中缺少主语,应用which指代artemisinin。
6.developing。developing country“发展中国家”。
7.in/during。in/during the late 1960s“在20世纪60年代后期”。
8.failures。two hundred后须用名词复数。
9.finally。此处应用副词修饰动词found,故填finally。
10.treatment。此处指“疟疾的治疗”,应用名词treatment。
Part B
一、完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)
“Daily Star,sir,” called Jason,carrying some newspapers under his arm.The little boy had been running up and down the street,but there were still twenty 1 left.His voice was almost gone and his heart was 2 .The shops would soon close,and all the people would go home.He would have to go home too,carrying the papers 3 money.He had hoped to sell more papers tonight to make more money to buy a 4 for his mother and some seeds for his bird.That was why he had bought the papers with all his money.He 5 as he thought of his failure to sell all his papers.
“You don’t know the 6 of selling papers.You must shout,‘Hot news!Bomb bursting!’” another newsboy Chad told Jason.“ 7 it’s not in the paper at all,” replied Jason.“Just run away quickly 8 they have time to see,and you’ll 9 out and get your money,”Chad said.
It was a new 10 to Jason.He thought of his bird with no 11 and the cake he wanted to buy for his mother,but was 12 that he would not tell a lie.Though he was 13 a poor newsboy,he had been 14 some good things.
The next afternoon Jason went to the office for his papers 15 .Several boys were crowding around Chad,who declared with a 16 smile that he sold six dozen the day before.He added that Jason 17 money because he would not tell a lie.The boys 18 at Jason.“You wouldn’t tell a lie yesterday,my boy?” A gentleman at the office came up and patted Jason’s shoulder 19 .“You’re just the boy I am looking for.” A week later Jason started his new 20 .He lost the sale of twenty papers because he would not tell a lie,but got a well-paid job because he told the truth.
(2015·湖北高考)
1.A.shops B.coins
C.people D.papers
2.A.open
B.heavy
C.pure D.weak
3.A.instead of
B.in return for
C.regardless of D.in exchange for
4.A.cup B.card
C.comb D.cake
5.A.gave in B.broke down
C.got away D.showed up
6.A.difficulty
B.process
C.goal D.secret
7.A.And
B.But
C.For D.So
8.A.before B.since
C.though D.unless
9.A.call B.drop
C.sell D.reach
10.A.edition
B.idea
C.policy D.task
11.A.bread B.insects
C.seeds D.water
12.A.concerned B.amazed
C.excited D.determined
13.A.still B.already
C.just D.also
14.A.taught B.handed
C.awarded D.allowed
15.A.at once B.by chance
C.as usual D.on purpose
16.A.proud B.gentle
C.warm
D.polite
17.A.borrowed B.lost
C.made D.saved
18.A.laughed B.shouted
C.nodded D.stared
19.A.bravely B.gratefully
C.fondly D.modestly
20.A.duty B.business
C.job D.method
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。Jason为了给妈妈买蛋糕和给宠物鸟买食物,希望多卖些报纸挣钱,但因为他坚决不说谎,所以未能卖完报纸。然而由于他没有说谎,竟意外地得到了一份收入不错的工作。
1.D 根据后文“he thought of his failure to sell all his papers”可知Jason还有20份报纸没有卖掉,D项符合语境。
2.B 根据下文商店快要关门了,人们也要回家了,但Jason的报纸还没有卖完可知,他的心情很沉重,所以此处要用heavy。
3.A 根据上文可以得知Jason没有卖完报纸,因此他只能带着剩余的报纸而不是卖报的酬劳回家,故此处要用instead of。
4.D 根据11空后面的“and the cake he wanted to buy for his mother”可知他想给自己的妈妈买蛋糕,所以此处要用cake。
5.B Jason想通过卖报纸给妈妈买蛋糕和给小鸟买食物,但是他的报纸没卖完,因此他感觉到自己崩溃了,所以此处要用broke down。
6.D 通过后面Chad说的话“You must shout,‘Hot news! Bomb bursting!’”可以得知他在说卖报的秘诀,所以此处要用secret。
7.B 此处前后为转折关系,因此要用but连接。
8.A 通过上下文可知,Chad卖报的方式是欺骗,需要在被顾客发现之前立刻逃跑,所以此处要用before。
9.C 此处表示“你将卖光报纸,得到钱”。sell out“卖光,脱销”。
10.B 根据上文可知,Chad所说的话对Jason来说是全新的想法,所以用idea。故选B项。A项意为“版本”;C项意为“政策”;D项意为“任务”。
11.C 根据第一段中的“some seeds for his bird”可知此处用seeds。
12.D 根据转折连词but可知,他下定决心不说谎。所以用determined“下定决心的,坚定的”。
13.C 尽管他仅仅是一个穷报童,但他被教导了一些美好的东西。所以此处用just。
14.A 见上一题解析。此处用taught。
15.C 第二天下午Jason像往常一样去办公室拿报纸。所以用as usual。
16.A 根据“he sold six dozen the day before”可知,Chad带着自豪的微笑宣布他前一天卖了六打报纸。所以用proud“骄傲的”。
17.B 根据上文所知,Jason不愿意说谎,因此没拿到钱。所以用lost。
18.A 根据上文可知,其他的孩子们说谎了,而Jason没有说谎,因此他们嘲笑他。所以用laughed。
19.C 根据下文可知,此处指他亲切地拍了拍Jason的肩膀。所以用fondly“深情地,亲切地”。故选C项。A项意为“勇敢地”;B项意为“感激地”;D项意为“谦虚地”。
20.C 根据下文中的“got a well-paid job”可知,Jason开始了他的新工作。所以用job。
二、七选五阅读填空(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)
Tips on buying outdoor solar lights
As solar lighting is becoming useful for homes,many different such outdoor lights can now be found in supermarkets.Here are some helpful tips for customers.
Does your area receive enough direct lighting?
1 So you shouldn’t even give it a thought if you live in an area that doesn’t get much sunlight.These lights need direct sunlight,or they just won’t work very well.
2 The expensive one usually means good quality.Choosing the cheapest ones will result in many problems.For once,it’s best to buy more expensive lights of high quality. 3 At least you should know the difference between a $10 light and a $45 light.
Buy lights that require less installation(安装).
Most solar lights are simply driven into the ground.Therefore,you shouldn’t deal with the difficulty in installing a system that involves anything more than that. 4 You don’t need to buy lights that require half an hour each to plant into the ground because that’s just a waste of time.
Make sure the lights can store enough energy.
Different solar lights can store different amounts of energy. 5 Therefore,you should choose lights that are able to store enough energy to last for a few hours or more,at least those that will last from nightfall throughout most of the night and part of the morning.
(2015·江西上饶模拟)
A.Without sunlight,solar lighting is useless.
B.Buy many solar lights instead of just one or two.
C.It means some will stay lit longer than the others.
D.Choose something a bit more expensive for once.
E.Solar lights are becoming more and more popular.
F.That doesn’t mean you have to spend all your money.
G.They should take a few minutes each to get into the ground.
【文章大意】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了如何选购户外太阳能灯的相关事宜。
1.A 根据后句“So you shouldn’t even give it a thought if you live in an area that doesn’t get much sunlight.”可知,没有阳光,太阳能灯是无法使用的,A项与文意相符。
2.D 本段中的expensive表明,这里是建议买贵一点的东西,D项顺承文意。
3.F 前文说要购买昂贵优质的灯,下文则提醒要辨别不同价格灯具的质量差别,即不要无节制地乱花钱。可见,F项承上启下,符合语境。
4.G 由本部分的标题“Buy lights that require less installation.”可看出G项与文意相吻合。
5.C 文章最后一部分指出要选择能量储备多、照明时间长的灯,C项与文意相符。
三、短文改错(满分10分)
I grew up in Westley,California.After graduating with high school,I went to Beijing and started teaching in a kindergarten.I had never been to a city big as Beijing before.I fall in love with Chinese food.I would eat out at the different restaurant every night and practice my Chinese with local citizen.I supposed the air was clean back home,but my life in China was much more interesting.My most favorite part about living in Beijing was nothing that many other foreigners didn’t like at all—the noise.I loved walking outside my door and hear the sounds of city life.Therefore,I’m back in Westley now,and all I hear is silence.I definitely miss Beijing.
(2016·山东德州期中考试)
1.第2句:with→from。表示“毕业于(某所学校)”,用graduate from。
2.第3句:在city后加as。as big as Beijing“和北京一样大的”在此作定语,修饰city。
3.第4句:fall→fell。陈述的是过去发生的事,应用一般过去时。
4.第5句:the→a。根据句意“我每晚在不同的餐馆就餐,与当地市民交流来练习汉语”可知,应将the改为a,表示泛指。
5.第5句:citizen→citizens。此处应用复数名词citizens表示泛指。
6.第6句:clean→cleaner。此处指Westley的空气比Beijing的更清洁,应用比较级形式。
7.第7句:删除most。favorite意为“最喜爱的”,该词本身含有最高级含义,most为多余的词。
8.第7句:nothing→something。根据句意“生活在北京,我最喜爱的就是其他外国人一点也不喜欢的——嘈杂声”可知,此处应把nothing改为something,意为“某种东西”。
9.第8句:hear→hearing。walking和hearing为并列关系,均作loved的宾语。love doing sth.“喜爱做某事”,为固定搭配。
10.第9句:Therefore→However。前文中的noise和下文中的silence形成对比,应用转折副词however。