2016届高考英语基础知识讲解与训练:形容词和副词-查字典英语网
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2016届高考英语基础知识讲解与训练:形容词和副词

发布时间:2017-03-24  编辑:查字典英语网小编

  形容词的讲解与训练

  形容词和副词

  我们需要了解、相关修饰语、形容词在句子中的位置、词义辨析及其固定短语和句型等。

  形容词:表示人或事物的性质, 特征或状态的词;常修饰名词或不定代词。

  This is a little mouse.这是一只小老鼠。(形容词作定语)

  You look fine. 你显得气色很好。(形容词作表语)

  He made English easy for us to learn.他使得英语对我们来说学起来很容易。

  (形容词作宾语补足语)

  The snake lay on the ground, dead.那条蛇躺在地上,死了。(形容词作状语)

  疑难突破

  形容词的位置

  形容词作定语通常前置,但在下列情况后置:

  1 形容词短语一般后置 a girl difficult to deal with

  2 成对的形容词一般后置 a little room pretty and clean

  3 alive, alike, awake, aware, asleep等后置 the only person awake

  4 和空间、时间、单位连用时 a bridge 50 meters long

  5 以-able, -ible结尾的形容词可置于有最高级或only修饰的名词之后 the best book available, the only solution possible

  6 修饰some, any, every, no和body, thing, one等构成的复合不定代词时 obody absent, everything possible

  2.

  多个形容词修饰同一个名词的顺序:

  代词 数词 性状形容词

  冠词前的形容词 冠词

  指示代词

  不定代词

  代词所有格 序数词 基数词 描绘性 大小

  长短

  形状 新旧

  温度 颜色 国籍

  产地 材料

  质地 用途 名词

  all

  both

  such the

  a

  this

  another

  your

  next one

  four beautiful

  good

  poor large

  short

  square new

  cool red

  blue Chinese

  London silk

  stone medical

  3. 复合形容词的构成:

  1 +现在分词 hard-working 6 数词+名词+ed four-egged

  2 +过去分词 ell-known 7 数词+名词 one-year

  3 +现在分词 funny-looking 8 名词+过去分词 snow-covered

  adj.+名词+ed warm-hearted 9 名词+形容词 world-famous

  5 +形容词 dark-blue 10 名词+现在分词 easy-going

  知识要点

  副词

  是一种用来修饰动词形容词或全句说明时间地点程度方式,表示动作特征、程度或性状等概念的词。

  Mary walked slowly with her boyfriend John down the river.

  玛丽和他的男朋友约翰沿着那条小河慢慢地向前踱着步。(副词修饰动词,作方式状语)

  Although in the cold night, Xiaoming feels very warm for Liping’s care.

  虽然是在这寒冷的夜晚,因为李平的关心小明感到非常温暖。(副词修饰形容词,表示程度)

  2. 副词种类:

  1 程度

  副词 very, fairly, quite, rather,almost, nearly 5 关系

  副词 hy,when, where

  2 地点

  副词 outside, upwards, above,here, nearby 6 疑问

  副词 how, where, when, why

  3 方式

  副词 slowly, excitedly, really,hard, , fast 7 连接

  副词 how, when, where, why, whether, however, meanwhile

  4 时间

  副词 early, finally, once, recently,soon, now 8 频度

  副词 seldom, never,always, often, frequently

  疑难突破

  形容词和副词:

  级别 形式 举例

  比较级

  一般是在形容词和副词后加-er,多音节和一些双音节词前加more。 arlier, smaller, shorter, longer, thinner, taller,

  more important, more slowly, 等。

  最高级 一般是在形容词和副词后加-est,多音节和一些双音节词前加most。 arliest, smallest, shortest, longest, thinnest,

  nearest, most important, most slowly等。

  原级 不做变化 hin, tall, fat, important, slowly, near等。

  形容词和副词的基本用法:

  1)形容词主要用于修饰名词,说明人或事物的性格特征。

  2)副词主要用来修饰动词,形容词,副词或其他结构。

  注意以下重点句型:

  比较种类 句型 举例

  与……一样 as…as…以及not so(as)…as… Tom is not so good a student as Mike is.

  与一样倍数 A+be+倍数+as+原级+as+B Our classroom is three times large as theirs.

  The man is twice as old as the girl.

  ……比(多/强)倍数 A+be+倍数+than+B Our classroom is five times larger than theirs.

  Your age is twice older than mine.

  越就越 the more…the more… The harder you work, the more progress you will make.

  注意:表示最高程度的形容词/副词没有最高级和比较级。如: extreme, perfect,favorite, excellent,extremely, perfectly, favouritely, excellently等。

  即学即练

  1. -- Do you think it's a good idea to make friends with your students?

  --

  , I do. I think it's a great idea.

  A. Really

  B. Obviously

  C. Actually

  D. Generally

  2. It seems that living green is

  easy and affordable. A small step makes a big difference.

  A. exactly

  B. fortunately

  C. surprisingly

  D. hardly

  3. As there is less and less coal and oil, scientists are exploring new ways of making use of ______ energy, such as sunlight, wind and water for power and fuel.

  A. primary

  B. alternative

  C. instant

  D. unique

  4. The questionnaire takes ______ ten to fifteen minutes to complete and can be used along with the assessment interview.

  A. mainly

  B. punctually

  C. approximately

  D. precisely

  5. I can

  be a teacher. I’m not a very patient person.

  A. seldom

  B. ever

  C. never D. always

  6. Frank put the medicine in the top drawer to make sure it would not be_______ to the kids.

  A. accessible

  B. relative

  C. acceptable

  D. sensitive

  7. How much

  she looked without her glasses!

  A. well

  B. good

  C. best

  D. better

  8. My uncle’s house in the downtown area is much smaller than ours , but it is twice _______ expensive .

  A. as

  B. so

  C. too

  D. very

  9.The children loved their day trip, and they enjoyed the horse ride

  .

  A. most

  B. more

  C. less

  D. little

  10.I’m sure that your letter will get

  attention. They know you’re waiting for the reply.

  A. continued

  B. immediate

  C. careful

  D. general

  形容词和副词

  即学即练

  1.C。据上下文义和情景推知“我事实上同意对方的意见”。

  2.C。考查副词。exactly准确地;fortunately幸运地;surprisingly惊讶地,出乎意料地;hardly几乎不。题干意思是:似乎保护环境是出乎意料的简单可行,小小的行动能带来很大的不同。选C。

  3.B。 考查形容词。既然石油和煤都越来越少,人们只好使用一些其它可替代这些燃料的东西;alternative 可选择的,可替代的;符合句意。primary“首要的,初期的”,instant“立即的,迅速的”,unique“独特的”均不合题意。

  4.C。考查副词。句意:问卷大约需要10至15分钟完成。应选择approximately大约地。 mainly主要地;punctually准时地;precisely精确地;均不合题意。

  5.C。句意为:我绝不会成为一名教师。因为我不是一个很有耐心的人。seldom表示“很少”;ever表示“永远”用在肯定句中;never表示“绝不,从来没有”;always 表示“总是”;只有C合题意。

  6.A。考查形容词的辨析。句意:佛兰克把要放在抽屉的顶部,确保孩子们碰不到。Be accessible to 为……能够接近; be relative to 和……有关系;

  be acceptable to 为……所接受 ; be sensitive to 对……敏感, 易接受。据句意答案选A。

  7.D。考查系动词后跟形容词作表语。句意为:没有眼镜她看的多么好?与戴眼镜形成对比。“much +比较级”加强语气。

  8.A。考查形容词倍数的表达。句意:我叔叔在商业区的房子比我的小得多;但是它的价格却有我的房子两倍的贵。表示倍数的句型是:倍数+as+形容词+as …;这里省略了as mine;故答案选A。

  A。考查副词。句意:儿童们喜欢白天旅游活动;他们最喜欢骑马。most用

  作副词“最”。

  10.B。据句意“你的信会立刻受到关注”。这里(immediate)合语境。

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