2017---2015年高考英语分项解析精编版
专题6 情态动词和虚拟语气
1.【2015·北京】29．—Can’t you stay a little longer?
—It’s getting late. I really _____go now, My daughter is home alone.
A .may
B .can
C . must
D .dare
2.【2015·北京】34. If I _____it with my own eyes ,I wouldn’t have believed it.
A . didn’t see
B. weren’t seeing
C. wouldn’t see
D. hadn’t seen
3.【2015·重庆】7.Without his wartime experiences, Hemingway____ his famous novel A Farewell to Arms.
didn’t write
B. hadn’t written
C. wouldn’t write
D. wouldn’t have written
【答案】D
【解析】
试题分析：句意：没有他战时的经验，海明威就不可能写出著名的小说永别了武器。根据without his wartime experience没有战时的经历，可知表示对于过去的否定猜测，故主句用would have done，因此选D项。
【考点定位】考查虚拟语气
【名师点睛】虚拟语气是一种动词形式，表示说话人的一种愿望，假设，怀疑，猜测建议等含义，表示的含义不是客观存在的事实，此类的题目一般难度不大，主要找对时间状语，并且看分清时间状语与主句还是从句有关系，再来确定用对现在，过去还是将来的虚拟。
4.【2015·重庆】12. You ____ be Carol. You haven’t changed a bit after all these years.
A. must B. can
C. will
D. shall
5.【2015·浙江】4.
It was so noisy that we hear ourselves speak.
A. couldn’t
B. shouldn’t
C. mustn’t
D needn’t
6.【2015·天津】7.
I ______ have worried before I came to the new school, for my classmates here are very friendly to me.
A. mightn’t
B. mustn’t
C. needn’t
D. couldn’t
7.【2015·天津】13.
I wish I ______ at my sister’s wedding last Tuesday, but I was on a business trip in New York then.
A. will be
B. would be
C. have been
D. had been
8.【2015·四川】2.You _____be careful with the camera. It costs!
A .must
B. may
C. can
D. will
【答案】A
【解析】
试题分析：考查情态动词。根据下文的it costs可知，照相机很昂贵，故选择A，意为：你一定要非常小心对待照相机，它很昂贵。
【考点定位】考查情态动词
【名师点睛】考查情态动词的用法。情态动词是每年高考的热点也是难点，此题主要考查情态动词基本意义的辨析。因此考生需要熟知选项中每个选项的具体意义以及之间的用法区别，然后根据句意选择正确的选项。选项B意为可能；选项C意为能够、有时会；选项D意为会、愿意等。根据句意，是说话人提出的要求，故选择A，表示必须。
9.【2015·陕西】21. You
feel all the training a waste of time, but I’m a hundred percent sure later you’ll be grateful you did it.
A. should
B. need
C. shall
D. may
10.【2015·陕西】23.Ellen is a fantastic dancer. I wish I as well as her.
A. dance
B. will dance
C. had danced
D. danced
11.【2015·福建】27.—Sorry, Mum! I failed the job interview again.
—Oh, it's too bad. You have made full preparations.
must B. can C. would D. should
【答案】D.
【解析】
试题分析：考查情态动词+have done结构。A.must必须B.can可以；C.would将会；D.should应该。这里是情态+have done的结构的虚拟语气，can+have+done”表示对过去行为的怀疑，用于疑问句，译成“可能做
A. did I know
B. have I known
C. do I know
D. had I known
13.【2015·安徽】32.It is lucky we booked a room, or we ______nowhere to stay now.
A. had
B. had had
C. would have
D. would havehad
【答案】C
【解析】
试题分析：句意：我们很幸运地订到了房间，否则的话，我们现在就会无处可去了。or引导含蓄虚拟条件2017年高考英语分项解析精编版
专题06情态动词和虚拟语气
1.【2017·全国大纲卷】30.Although you ______ find bargains in London, its not generally a cheap place to shop.
A. should B. need C. must D. can
2.【2017·重庆卷】3. I’ve ordered some pizza, so we _______ worry about cooking when we get home tired.
A. can’t
B. dare not
C. needn’t
D. may not
3.【2017·重庆卷】10. --- I spent two weeks in London last summer.
--- Then you must have visited the British Museum during your stay, _______ you?
A. mustn’t
B. haven’t
C. didn’t
D. hadn’t
4.【2017·重庆卷】13. It was John who broke the window. Why are you talking to me as if I _______ it?
A. had done
B. have done
C. did
D. am doing
5.【2017·北京卷】34.We __________ back in the hotel now if you didn’t lose the map.
A. are
B. were
C. will be
D. would be
【答案】D
【解析】
试题分析：本题考查虚拟语气。句意：如果你不丢失地图，我们就已经到旅馆了。根据条件状语从句中“if we didn’t lose the map”可知，主从句都是对现在情况的假设，所以选用D。
考点：考查虚拟语气的用法
【名师点睛】错综时间虚拟语气做题原则：根据题干中主句或从句中动词形式判断所考查的动词的虚拟时间, 一般要保持一致，但要注意错综时间虚拟语气要根据各自所表示的虚拟时间做出调整。本题中有关键词now，可以知道是说话人现在在表达责备意思，丢失地图在过去发生，对现在情况的推测要用would do/be形式。
6.【2017·北京卷】_______ I have a word with you? It won’t take long.
A. Can
B. Must
C. Shall
D. Should
7.【2017·江西卷】30. Life is unpredictable; even the poorest __become the richest.
A. shall
B.
must
C.
need
D. might
【答案】D
【解析】
试题分析： 根据句子意思，后句讲的是一种可能性。Need 需要；must 一定；shall 表较大的可能性，如：With an early start he should be here by noon. 动身得早，他中午就该到这里了。shall表示推断时，语气较肯定，通常是指非常可能的事(因为暗示有一定的事实依据或合乎常理)，而may, might, could等表示推测时，则语气较不肯定，尤其是might, could。 因此D选项正确。句意为“ 人生是不可预测的；甚至最穷的也可能变得最有钱。”
考点：考查情态动词的用法
【名师点睛】在本题中，情态动词主要考查句意和说话人语气的强弱。首先排除B、C项。B过于肯定，C与题意不符。同样是“可能” shall表示说话者的意图、告诫、威胁、命令、决心等应该；必须；一定会。may/might表示“不太确定的可能”。弄清它们的区别再结合上下文语境就不难理解了。
8.【2017·四川卷】6. I still remember my happy childhood when my mother ______ take me to Disneyland at weekends.
A. might B. must C. would D. should
9.【2017·福建卷】32.no modern telecommunications, we would have to wait for weeks to get news from around the world.
A. Were there
B.Had there been
C.If there are
D.If there have been
【名师点睛】考查倒装虚拟条件句no modern telecommunications, we would have to wait for weeks to get news from around the world，倒装的步骤如下：当 if 条件句中含有助动词 had，should 或 were 时, 可以省略 if，而将 had, should 或 were提到句首，从而构成倒装虚拟条件句。
10.【2017·江苏卷】31. It was sad to me that they, so poor themselves, ________ bring me food.
A. might
B. would
C. should
D. could
11.【2017·陕西卷】25. My book, The House of Hales, is missing. Who ________ have taken it?
A. need
B. must
C. should
D. could
12.【2017·安徽卷】30．People are recycling many things which they away in the past.
A. had thrown
B. will be throwing
C. were throwing
D. would have thrown
If Mr. Dewey _____ present, he would have offered any possible assistance to
thepeople there.
A. were B. had been G. should be D. was
14.【2017·湖南卷】25. — I’ve prepared all kinds of food for the picnic.
—Do you mean we_____ bring anything with us?
A. can’t B. mustn’t C.shan’t D. needn't
【答案】D
【解析】
试题分析：考查A. can’t不能够；B. mustn’t 不许，不可以；C.shan’t将不；D. needn't不必。故正确。
【名师点睛】本题和2015年天津卷第7题类似I need nothave worried before I came to the new school, for my classmates here are very friendly to me. 本题考查情态动词。分析此题需抓住前句I’ve prepared all kinds of food for the picnic.我已经准备好了野餐的食物了，可知此处为没有必要做某事，A. can’t不能够；B. mustn’t不许，不可以；C.shan’t将不；D. needn't不必。再根据句意可以选出正确答案。
15.【2017·浙江卷】16. They were abroad during the months when we were carrying out the investigation, or they _____ toour help.
A. would have come B. could come C. have come D. had come
2017年高考英语试题分类汇编之单项填空
1.【2017浙江】I ________ myself more—it was a perfect day.
A. shouldn’t have enjoyed
B. needn’t have enjoyed
C. wouldn’t have enjoyed
D. couldn’t have enjoyed
D
【解析】考查情态动词。句意为：我从没有过得这么好过——真是完美的一天。此处是not与more连用，表示“非常的肯定”，相当于“最高级形式”，同时couldn’t have done表示“过去本不可能做过某事”，是对过去状况的推测，故选D项。
【名师点睛】情态动词+have done的用法：情态动词无论是表达“推测和可能性”，还是表达“虚拟”这一概念，只要是对过去已经发生的事情进行描述，一律用“情态动词+have done”这一结构；对现在或将来的事情进行描述，用“情态动词+动词或系动词原形”。注意不同的情态动词和have done搭配的含义。否定的一般使用couldn’t have done。
2.[2017·陕西卷]The childrenlost in the woods; otherwise, they would have been at the lakeside camp as scheduled.
A. must have got
B. must get
C. should have got
D. should get
3.[2017·重庆卷] —It rained cats and dogs this morning.I'm glad we took an umbrella.
—Yeah, we would have got wet all over if we
________.
A．hadn't
B．haven't
C．didn't
D．don't
4.[2017·重庆卷] —What are
you doing this Saturday?
—I'm not sure, but I
________ go to
the Rolling Stones concert.
A．must
B．would
C．should
D．might
【答案】D
考查情态动词。由前面的I'm not sure 可知是不太确定，因此用might表示有可能。
【名师点睛】情态动词是高考中的必考内容，也是教学的难点。因为相似的情态动词容易混淆，导致学生掌握起来较难。掌握情态动词的用法关键把握以下几点：1.熟记情态动词的用法；2.理解句意结合说话人语气解题。ay，might表示没有把握的推测，这句话的I'm not sure可以表明说话人的语气。
5. [2017·天津卷] No one
________
be more generous; he has a heart of gold.
A. could
B. must
C．dare
D．need
6. [2017·课标全国卷Ⅱ] Since nobody gave him any help, he
________
have done the research on his own.
A. can
B. must
C. would
D. need
7. [2017·江西卷] 29
When I was a child, I ________ watch TV whenever I wanted to.
A. should
B. could
C. must
D. need
【答案】B
考查情态动词的用法。句意：当我还是孩子时，我想看电视时就可以看。should意为“应该，将会”；could意为“可以，能够”，符合语境；must意为“必须，应该，一定”；need意为“需要，必须”。
【名师点睛】情态动词是高考中的必考内容。相似的情态动词容易混淆，学生掌握起来较难。掌握情态动词的用法关键把握以下几点：1.熟记情态动词的用法；2.理解句意结合说话人语气解题。这里考查的can,could的基本用法“能够”。
8.[2017·四川卷] —Why are your eyes so red? You ________ have slept well last night.
—Yeah, I stayed up late writing a report.
A. can't
B. mustn't
C. needn't
D. won't
【答案】A
考查情态动词。can't＋have done对过去发生的事的否定推测。句意：——为什么你的眼睛那么红？你昨晚可能睡得不好。——是啊，我熬夜写报告。
【名师点睛】情态动词和完成时搭配既可以表示推测又可以表示虚拟，容易混淆，导致学生掌握起来较难。做题时首先根据情景判断是哪一种，这句话是推测的含义。推测的否定形式，疑问形式用can't, couldn't表示。
9.[2017·湖南卷] He ________ sleep, although he tried to, when he got on such a hunt for an idea until he had caught it.
A. wouldn't
B. shouldn't
C. couldn't
D. mustn't
10. [2017·江苏] I should not have laughed if I
________
you were serious.
A．thought
B．would think
C．had thought
D．have thought
11. [2017·福建卷] 30—Do you think George has passed the driving test?
—No. If so, he ________his car to our college yesterday.
A. would drive
B. drove
C. would have driven
D. had driven
【答案】C
考查虚拟语气的用法。根据答语可知，乔治没有通过驾考。 “如果通过了……”是与过去事实相反，所以主句动词应用“would ＋动词完成时”。句意为：——你认为乔治已经通过驾照考试了吗？——我认为没有。如果他通过了，他昨天就会开车来我们大学。
【名师点睛】虚拟条件句可以单独作为一个语法项目，因为它涉及不同的时间，导致学生掌握起来较难。掌握虚拟条件句的用法关键把握以下几点：1.理解句意；2.判断句意是事实还是虚拟；3.结合不同时间的虚拟条件句和主句的形式答题。
12. [2017·北京卷] If we ________
a table earlier, we wouldn't be standing here in a queue.
A. have booked
B. booked
C. book
D. had booked
【答案】D
考查虚拟语气。条件句“如果我们早订了桌子”是对过去的假设，所以用过去完成时的形式，选D。
【名师点睛】虚拟语气是高考中的必考内容，也是教学的难点。有时条件从句中的动作和主句中的动作发生的时间不一致（表示错综时间的虚拟语气），这时动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间加以调整。
13. [2017·北京卷] 35—You needn't take an umbrella. It isn't going to rain.
—Well, I don't know. It ________do.
A. might
B. need
C. would
D. should
14. [2017·安徽卷] It ________
be the vocabulary that caused you the problem in the exercise because you know a lot of words.
A．may
B．couldn't
C．should
D．needn't
15. [2017·安徽卷] I
________
to my cousin's birthday party last night, but I was not available.
A．went
B．had gone
C．would go
D．would have gone
【答案】D
考查虚拟语气。前一分句使用了含蓄条件虚拟语气，表示与过去事实相反的假设，主句应该用would have done结构。完整表达是：I would have gone to my cousin's birthday party last night if I had been available。
【名师点睛】情态动词的完成式是高中阶段的重难点之一，需要考生熟记它们的用法，有的虚拟语气是隐含在句中，要学会辨别。这题可以根据but I was not available.这个事实，判断前面的句子是与事实不符的，用虚拟语气。
16. [2017·辽宁卷] Harry is feeling uncomfortable.He
________ too much at he party last night.
A．could drink
B．should drink
C．would have drunk
D．must have drunk
17. [2017·天津卷] If he had spent more time practising speaking English before, he ________
able to speak it much better now.
A. will be
B. would be
C．has been
D．would have been
18. [2017·新课标全国卷Ⅰ] The door________ open, no matter how hard she pushed.
A. shouldn't
B. couldn't
C. wouldn't
D. mightn't
动作，有“总是”、“惯于”的含义。
19. [2017·陕西卷]My mom suggests that weeat out for a change this weekend.
A. should
B. might
C. could
D. Would
20.【2017浙江】Eye doctors recommend that a child’s first eye exam ______ at the age of six months old.
A. was
B. be
C. were
D. is