语法专练四 定语从句
一、单句填空
1.(2015福建,34)China Today attracts a worldwide readership, shows that more and more people all over the world want to learn about China.
2.(2017天津,12)English is a language shared by several diverse cultures,each of uses it differently.
3.(2017山东,10)A company profits from home markets are declining may seek opportunities abroad.
4.(2017重庆,9)Well reach the sales targets in a month we set at the beginning of the year.
5.(2017北京,26)I borrowed the book Sherlock Holmes from the library last week, my classmates recommended to me.
6.(2017浙江,5)I didnt become a serious climber until the fifth grade, I went up to rescue a kite that was stuck in the branches of a tree.
7.(2017福建,31)Students should involve themselves in community activities they can gain experience for growth.
8.(2017安徽,22)The exact year Angela and her family spent together in China was 2008.
9.(2017湖南,31)I am looking forward to the day my daughter can read this book and know my feelings for her.
10.(2017江西,28)Among the many dangers sailors have to face,probably the greatest of all is fog.
11.(2017辽宁,34)He may win the competition,in case he is likely to get into the national team.
12.(2017课标,4)When I arrived,Bryan took me to see the house I would be staying.
13.(2017北京,27)Many countries are now setting up national parks animals and plants can be protected.
14.(2017重庆,24)John invited about 40 people to his wedding,most of are family members.
15.(2017福建,27)The book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of those lives were affected.
16.(2017湖南,21)Happiness and success often come to those are good at recognizing their own strengths.
17.(2017江西,33)He wrote a letter he explained what had happened in the accident.
二、语法填空
阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
There was a time 1 I was tired of learning English and disliked to speak English.And this was the reason 2 my father forced me to join in a 30-day training in an English club before I went to senior high school.When I first came to the club, 3 I met many strangers,I missed my parents very much.So I packed up my things and wanted to go home.Fortunately,my guide, 4 is my teacher Yu Minhong,communicated with me face to face,from 5 I gained some useful instructions.He also showed me a good partner,and we got along well with each other.Gradually I adapted to the life there.Every day I would like to talk to other teenagers and set down a series of activities 6 we did.I should be grateful to my father and the guide, 7 encouraged me to fall in love with English.Now I feel it interesting to learn English,into 8 I put my entire energy.Every day I read my words and passages aloud.In class I join in English discussions.Before I go to sleep,I recall the passages,through 9 I can memorize a large number of new words. 10 our English teacher says,“As long as you form the habit of learning English every day and have perseverance,you will conquer English sooner or later.”
1.2.3.4.5.
6.7.8.9.10.
三、短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(划掉。
修改:在错的词下画一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Dear Mary,
Our city had changed a lot in the past 5 years.Firstly,more high buildings have appeared,that are modern and beautiful.Many overpasses have set up,so it has become very convenient for people to travel.However,many families have got car of their own.The people?s life here has become rich or colorful.People can enjoy themselves travelling on the holiday.To my delighted,I can taste delicious food of different countries.And now it is easy for me to keep touch with you than before,for I can email you in my office.
Yours,
Christine
答案全解全析
一、单句填空
1.which 句意:《今日中国》吸引了世界各地的读者,这表明世界上越来越多的人想了解中国。本题考查非限制性定语从句。先行词为设空处前的一句话,关系词在定语从句中作主语,故答案为which。
2.which 句意:英语是一种被好几种不同的文化都使用的语言,而且每一种文化使用它的方式也不同。设空处前后两部分之间既没有并列连词也没有从属连词,故后面部分应为定语从句,又因为先行词是cultures,且关系词在定语从句中作介词of的宾语,所以填which。
3.whose 句意:从国内市场得到的利润正在下降的公司可以去国外寻找机会。本题考查定语从句。先行词为company,将先行词代入定语从句后为:The companys profits from home markets are declining.由此可见关系词在定语从句中作定语,故填whose。
4.which/that 句意:一个月以后我们将会达到年初所定的销售目标。在本句中,先行词是the sales targets,关系代词在定语从句中作set的宾语,所以填关系代词which/that。
5. which 句意:我上周从图书馆借了《夏洛克·福尔摩斯》这本书,这是我的同学推荐给我的。本题考查非限制性定语从句。先行词为the book Sherlock Holmes,从句中recommended后缺少宾语,故填关系代词which。
6.when 句意:我直到五年级才成为一个真正攀登者,那时,我爬到树上去拿一个被挂在树枝上的风筝。在本句中,先行词为the fifth grade,设空处在定语从句中作时间状语,故填when。
7. where 句意:学生应该参加社区活动,他们从中能获得成长经验。将先行词community activities代入定语从句后为:They can gain experience for growth from the community activities.由此可知关系词在从句中作地点状语。故填where。
8. which/that 句意:安杰拉和她的家人一起在中国度过的确切年份是2008年。在本句中,先行词是the exact year,关系词在定语从句中作spent 的宾语,故填which/that。
9. when 句意:我正期待着那一天的到来,那时我的女儿可以读这本书并且了解我对她的感情。在本句中,先行词为the day,关系词在从句中充当时间状语,故填when。
10.which/that 句意:在海员们不得不面对的许多危险中,最大的危险很可能是雾。在本句中,先行词为dangers,将先行词代入定语从句后为:Sailors have to face the dangers.由此可见,关系词在定语从句中作face的宾语,且指“物”,故填which/that。
11.which 句意:他有可能赢得这次比赛,假使那样的话,他有希望进入国家队。句子可改为:He may win the competition,and in that case he is likely to get into the national team.去掉并列连词and,用which替换that后变为一个非限制性定语从句。
12.where 句意:在我到达后,Bryan带我去看了我将要住的房子。先行词the house表示地点,还原到定语从句中为:I would be staying in the house.故应使用关系副词where引导定语从句。
13.where 句意:很多国家现在都在建立国家公园,在那里动植物能够受到保护。先行词为national parks,代入定语从句后为:In the national parks animals and plants can be protected.故使用表示地点的关系副词where引导定语从句。
14.whom 句意:约翰邀请了大约40人参加他的婚礼,他们当中绝大部分都是自家人。在定语从句中如果介词放在关系代词之前,且先行词指人时,从句中关系代词只能使用whom。
15.whose 句意:这本书从生活遭受地震影响的人们的视角来讲述地震的故事。将先行词those代入定语从句后为:The lives of those were affected.由此可知先行词在从句中和lives是所属关系,从句中缺少定语,故填whose。
16.who 句意:幸福和成功经常青睐那些善于发现自身长处的人。先行词为those,将先行词代入定语从句后为:Those are good at recognizing their own strengths.由此可见,先行词在定语从句中作主语,且表示“人”,故用who。本题易误填that。当先行词是指人的不定代词,如:one,ones,anyone,those,all,nobody等时,用who不用that。
17.where 句意:他写了一封信,信中他解释了事故中发生了什么。将先行词letter代入定语从句后为:He explained what had happened in the accident in the letter.由此可知从句中缺少状语,应该用关系副词where。
二、语法填空
[语篇解读] 本文为记叙文,叙述了作者参加英语俱乐部的难忘经历。在那里作者遇到了一位好老师,那位老师使作者对英语学习产生了兴趣。作者还养成了学习英语的好习惯。
1.when 句意:有一段时间,我厌倦了学英语并且不喜欢说英语。There was a time when...有一段时间……。
2.why This is/was the reason why这就是……的原因。
3.where 先行词是the club,关系词在从句中作地点状语,故填where。
4.who 先行词为my guide,关系词在从句中作主语,指人,故用who引导。
5.whom 先行词为my guide;关系词在定语从句中作from的宾语,故填whom。
6.that/which 先行词是activities,将先行词代入定语从句后为:We did the activities.由此可见先行词在定语从句中作宾语,故用that或which引导。
7.who 先行词为my father and the guide,关系词在定语从句中作主语,且指“人”,所以用who引导。
8.which 先行词为English,关系词在定语从句中作介词into的宾语,且介词into已被提前,故填which。
9.which 句意:每天入睡前我总是回忆所学的文章,通过这种方法,我能记住大量的生词。关系词在定语从句中作介词through的宾语,且介词已被提前,故用which引导。
10.As 句意:正如我们英语老师所说的:“只要你们养成每天学英语的习惯并且坚持不懈,你们迟早会征服英语。”非限制性定语从句置于句首,后面引号内直接引语的内容为先行词,且关系词在定语从句中作主语,故需用as引导。
三、短文改错
1.第一句:had→has 根据时间状语in the past 5 years可知此处应该用现在完成时。
2.第二句:that→which 关系代词that不能引导非限制性定语从句,应该用which引导。
3.第三句:have后加been 主语与谓语动词之间应该是被动关系,所以要用被动语态。
4.第四句:However→Besides/Moreover/Furthermore/Additionally 根据语境可知前后两句之间不是转折关系,而是并列或递进关系。
5.第四句:car→cars或car前加a 根据语境可知此处的可数名词car应该用复数形式或在前面加不定冠词a。
6.第五句:or→and 此处两个并列形容词应该用and连接,意为:既富裕又丰富多彩。
7.第六句:去掉定冠词the 固定搭配on holiday。
8.第七句:delighted→delight 固定搭配to my delight“令我高兴的是”。
9.第八句:easy→easier 根据题干中的than before可知此处应该用形容词easy的比较级形式。
10.第八句:keep后加in 固定搭配keep in touch with sb.与某人保持联系。