Unit 15 Learning
需写准记牢的单词——记其形、明其义 拼写adv.
坦率地真诚地格言谚语埋葬格言座右铭惩罚处罚服从听从速度步速10．misunderstand v.
误解倒灌缺乏没有思考考虑值得的不情愿的力劝17．vital adj.
极其重要的需举一反三的单词——知其性、通其变改正改进→correct ．改正改进指导教导→instruction ．指导教导→instructive 有指导意义的区别辨别→distinguished (外表或举止)有尊严的高贵的；卓越的杰出的少量的；微小的→slightly 少量地；微小地稍微地反射；反映→reflection ．映像挑选→selection ．挑选保卫保护→defend ．保卫忽视不顾→ignorance ．忽视ove v．赞成；认可；满意→approval ．赞成；认可；满意鼓舞；启发→inspired 受到鼓舞的；深受启发的→inspiring 令人鼓舞的；有启发意义的有用的有益的→benefit ．对……有益；受益假定假设→assumption ．假定(使)适应→adaptation ．适应适应性；改造物需会读明义的单词——识其形、知其义 箭氧氧气由后向前地简化稳定的；无忧无虑的空白的被充满；膨胀肿胀怀疑现状；社会地位最高级别的邮费保守的旧式的作业；任务工作非传统的；另类的名誉名声e adj.
(指言行等)不严谨的放温和的接收者角火药火焰火舌吐口水吐痰拖拉(使用或见到的)机会权利值得努力的同伴获得得到宗教阴影影子传统的保守的王国文明(供特定用途的)场所；设备欣赏生物化学
1．frankly_speaking 坦率地说裁员；解雇除……之外在某种程度上引发；使爆炸；出发习惯于往往会倾向于approve_of
赞成赞许9．as_a_whole
总的来说总之首先第一
1．[教材原句]In the past, had_failed to get into university through the college exam, he would_have_had no chance of getting a degree.
在过去如果像我这样未能通过大学考试上大学那么他就没有机会获得学位了。[句式解读]对过去的情况进行虚拟从句用had done主句用would have done。[教材原句]I decided that it_was_time_I_became an Internet user.我觉得该是我成为因特网用户的时候了。[句式解读]It is/was time that sb. did ... 意为“到了某人该做……的时候了”从句用虚拟语气。[教材原句]And aside from emailing, it's_fun_to_see_and_talk to my grandchildren in the US on the i－Cam.除了发电子邮件能在网络眼上看到我在美国的孙辈并与之交谈也很有意思。[句式解读]当不定式作主语时常用it作形式主语。[教材原句]So many people think that after you retire, all_you_can_do_is_switch_off your brain and bury everything you've ever learnt.许多人认为一旦退休你所能做的事就是把大脑关闭把你曾经所学的东西埋掉。[句式解读]all 后面是省略了that的定语从句当前面有实义动词do的某种形式时后用不带to的动词不定式作表语。[教材原句]Sometimes I wish I could_phone him and ask for his opinion!有时我真希望能给他打个电话问问他的意见！[句式解读]wish后的宾语从句用虚拟语气。
[重难·抢分型词汇——合作学会]
1instruct 指示；吩咐；命令；讲授；指导；教导[经典例句]The union issued an order instructing its members not to work overtime.工会发出指令不让员工超时工 (1)instruct sb./sth.
to do sth. 命令某人/某物去做某事教授某人某方面知识(should) do
命令……(从句用虚拟语气)(2)instruction n．(常作复数)
指示；说明 [U]
指导；讲授；教育ollow the instructions
服从指示；按照说明在某人的指导下(3)instructive adj.
有教育意义的Greater effort is needed to instruct children in road safety.
在道路安全方面我们需要付出更大的努力来指导孩子。The general instructed that his army (should) take control of that area to cut off the enemy's reinforcement troops.
将军命令他的部队占领那个地区来切断敌人的增援部队。Be sure to follow the instructions printed on the back of the box, or it may do harm to your health.
务必按照盒子背面的说明去做否则它可能对你的身体造成伤害。Under President Xi Jinping's instruction, the government is devoted to struggling with corruption.
在习近平主席的指导下政府致力于同腐败作斗争。[名师指津] instruction作“指导；讲授；教育”讲时为不可数名词其后常与介词in搭配；复数instructions表示“操作指南；用法说明；命令”讲时其后常跟介词on, 或about引导的短语。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空(should)_report (report) to the general manager at once.
②It is the most instructive (instruct) lecture that I have attended since I came to this school.
③A computer can only do what you have instructed it to_do (do)．单句改错be strictly controlled.去掉must或must→should2．distinguish 显示……的差别；使……有所不同；辨别[高考佳句](2015·天津高考阅读B)For example, distinguish when someone is happy or sad.
例如当某人高兴或伤心时这些机器人将能够辨别出来。(1)distinguish between ...and ...
区分/辨别……和……使……有别于…… (as ...)
(作为……)表现突出(2)distinguished adj.
卓越的；著名的；杰出的因……而出名易分辨的；能区分的 You should learn to distinguish between right and wrong.
你应学会明辨是非The twins are so alike that no one can distinguish one from the other.
这对双胞胎长得很像没有人能分辨得出哪个是哪个。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空I admire your distinguished (distinguish) achievements.
④He was distinguished for his knowledge of economics and was elected as head of the economic school.
Ⅱ.单句写作阅读好书既能丰富我们的知识又能教我们分辨是非。d_books_enriches_our_mind_and_teaches_us_to_distinguish_between_right_and_wrong.
3．lack ．缺少；缺乏 ．缺乏；不足；没有[高考佳句](2015·陕西高考任务型阅读)To be punctual one has to have self－discipline (自律), lack of it affects others.
一个人要做到守时必须有自律意识而缺乏自律意识会影响到他人。(1)lack (for)＋需求……；需要……(2)for/through lack of＋因缺乏……＋缺乏……(3)lacking adj.
短缺的；缺乏的缺少The research lacks solid evidence, and therefore, its conclusions are doubtful.
研究缺乏实证因此所得出的结论还有待考证。More and more high－rise buildings have been built in big cities for lack of space.由于缺少空间大城市建起了越来越多的高楼。Poetry written from the perspective of the urban youth tends to reveal their anxiety over a lack of sense of belonging.
从都市青年的角度写的诗歌倾向于反映他们对缺乏归属感的焦虑。[名师指津] (1) lack既可以作动词也可作名词。作及物动词时后面直接跟宾语作不及物动词时常接介词for；作名词时后面常用介词of。(2)lacking为形容词但一般不放在名词前作定语。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空(2016·九江市高考模拟)For most Chinese young people in recent years, al resources is one of the crises faced by humans.
③(2016·济南模拟)He just graduated from the university last month,
lacking (lack) money, his parents managed to send him to university.
Ⅱ.一句多译我觉得跟缺乏幽默感的人聊天很乏味。－1 I find it quite boring to chat with those who_are_lacking_in_humor．(lacking)－2 I find it quite boring to chat with those who_lack_(for)_humor. (lack)－3 I find it quite boring to chat with those lacking_(for)_humor. (简单句)4．access ．获取(尤指电脑数据) ．接近；通路；接近(或进入)的方法；到达(或进入)的权利/机会[高考佳句](2015·安徽高考阅读C)．..people are learning how to organize huge quantities of information so that they are able to access it at a later date.人们正在学习如何组织大量的信息以便日后能够获取。(1)access to ... 接近……的机会；利用……的权利得以接近；得以进入(2)accessible adj.
可进入的；可使用的易接近的；能进入的The only access to the farmhouse is across the fields.
去农舍的唯一通路是穿过田野。(2017·天津高考阅读A)All students have access to the Writing Centre on the upper floor of Douglas Hall.所有的同学都可以到道格拉斯厅楼上的写作Frank put the medicine in the top drawer to make sure it would not be accessible to the kids.
弗兰克把药放在最上面的抽屉里以确保孩子们够不到。[名师指津] access to与be accessible to中的to均为介词后面要跟名[语境串记] Fallen rocks cut off the only access to the village, is not accessible to outside now.
坠落的石头切断了进村的唯一道路所以现在无法到外面去。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空(2017·北京高考阅读A)Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium provides people in wheelchairs with full access to all 12 zones. Each floor also has wheelchair accessible (access) toilets.enty percent of the people on earth do not get access to clean drinking water.
Ⅱ.完成句子并进行句式升级学生们可以进入图书馆。the library.
在图书馆他们有机会读到好书。把练习③④合并成含有定语从句的复合句5．worthwhile 值得努力的[高考佳句](2015·四川高考阅读C)The sacrifices mothers make are huge but worthwhile.母亲们的牺牲虽然巨大但是值得。(1)It is worthwhile to do/doing sth.值得做某事(2)be (well) worth doing
……(非常)值得做值得花钱/努力/一试/一游值得一干；值得花精力(或时间)(3)be worthy＋(2017·广东高考读写任务)She is an ordinary woman but she is really worth respecting.她是个普通的女人但她真的值得尊重。I think Mount Tai is a true natural wonder and worth a visit.
我认为泰山是一个真正的自然奇迹值得一游。This article is well worth reading, but it is not worthy of being translated/to be translated.
这篇文章很值得一读但不值得翻译。[名师指津] worth一般只作表语可用程度词well修饰；而worthy和worthwhile既可作表语又可作定语。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空(consider)．＝His suggestion put forward at the conference is worthy of being_considered (consider)．＝His suggestion put forward at the conference is worthy to_be_considered (consider)．＝It is worthwhile to_consider/considering (consider) his suggestion put forward at the conference.单句改错后加to6．approve 赞成；同意批准[高考佳句](2017·湖北高考阅读B)Before building work began, approved.
在建造之前虽然计划得到批准但是许多人却不想要Shard这座摩天大楼。(1)approve of sth./doing sth. 赞成某事approve of sb. doing sth.
同意某人做某事(2)approval n.
赞成；同意同意地得到某人的批准取得某人的同意/赞成经/未经……的批准(2017·安徽高考阅读E改编)Though not everyone approved of the new dance, 虽然并不是每一个人都赞成新舞蹈但是这个新舞蹈确实找到了足够的支持者。I approve of your trying to make some money, but please don't neglect your studies.
我赞成你设法赚些钱但不要荒废学业。By doing well at school he hoped to win his parents' approval.
他在学校表现不错希望以此得到父母的赞许。[名师指津] (1)approve表示“赞成；同意”of。(2)不要将汉语的“赞成某人做某事”直译成approve sb. to do ...或在其后跟that从句可改用approve of sb.'s doing sth.。(3)approval作“赞成认可”讲时后面常接of短语不接动词不定式。—So you promised to marry your daughter to that businessman?
—Not exactly! I just expressed my approval of their contact with each other.
——那么你答应把女儿嫁给那个商人？并非如此！我只是同意让他们彼此联系。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空ove of your going (go) out with him.
②He nodded in approval.
③I need my brother's approval of_using (use) his bike.
④Our suggestions for change have met with approval (approve)．一句多译她不同意女儿晚上出去。－1 She didn't approve_of her daughter going out at night.－2 She didn't give_her_approval_to her daughter going out at night.－3 She didn't agree_that her daughter went out at night.根据提示完成小片段(同意) the plan of building a park in the rural area. So we referred it to the committee to meet_with_its_approval (得到批准). One month later,
(经……批准) the government.7．urge .催促；极力主张；驱策 ．强烈的欲望；冲动[高考佳句](2015·天津高考完形)Although her description sounded wonderful, urging us to have a look at least.
虽然她的描述听着不错但是价格超出了我们的能力范围所以我们拒绝了。但是她极力劝说我们至少看一看。(1)urge sth./sb.on 催促某物/某人前进do/into doing sth.
催促某人做某事(should) do sth.
极力主张；强调……(should) do sth.
坚决要求……(2)urgent adj.
紧急的；迫切的 She could hear him urging her on as she ran past.
她跑过他面前的时候听到他在为她加油。Father urged that I (should) apologize to my English teacher.
父亲极力主张我应向我的英语老师道歉。It is urged that
immediate action (should) be taken to prevent such a thing happening again.
人们极力主张应该立刻采取措施阻止这样的事情再发生。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空 (do) more for the disabled.
②It is strongly urged that the library
(should)be_kept (keep) open during the vacation.
③The people in the earthquake－stricken area are in urgent
(urge)
need of food, Ⅱ.一句多译随着期末考试的来临老师敦促我们努力学习。－1 Our teacher urges_us_to_study_hard
with the final exam drawing near.－2 Our teacher urges_us_into_studying_hard with the final exam drawing near.－3
Our teacher urges_that_we_(should)_study_hard,_8．assume 假定；设想[经典例句]Assuming that it is true, 假定那是真的我们现在该怎么办？(1)assume sb./sth.to be 假定/假设某人/某事为被认为……(2)assumption n.
假定；假设认为；假on the assumption that ...
假定……(3)assume/assuming (that) ...
假设/假定……We assumed him to be the best writer of our time.
我们认为他是我们这个时代最好的作家。It is assumed that this is the best possible translation.
据认为这可能是最佳译文。Assuming/Assume (that) you are right, we'll make a great deal of money from the project.
假定你是正确的那我们将会从这项工程中赚得许多钱。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空(assume) that poverty only exists in the third world.
③I hope to go to college next year, assuming (assume) that I pass the exam.
Ⅱ.句型转换9．adapt 使适应；改编[高考佳句] (2015·江苏高考任务型阅读)When a reader selects delayed reward news, adapt himself only by hard work.
当一个读者选择延迟回报的消息时他把自己融入到只能靠努力工作来适应到周围的现实世界中去。(1)adapt (oneself) to使……适应……根据……改编某物为……而改写/改编(2)adaptable adj.
能适应3)adaptation n.
适应；改编；改写本Not only has she adapted
to
the fast rhythm of city life, but she is becoming more and more outgoing.
她不仅已经适应了快节奏的城市生活而且变得越来越开朗。This new film is said to be adapted from a novel by Jane Austen.
据说这部新影片是根据简·奥斯汀的一本小说改编的。They are trying to adapt this novel for a TV play.
他们正在试图把这部小说改编成电视剧。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空－month stay, pted (adapt) from a true story.
③She is a famous romantic novelist. Three of her novels have been adapted for TV play.
④The film is an adaptation (adapt) of Mo Yan's story.
Ⅱ.完成句子lege, I gradually_adapted_myself_to_living_on_my_own．
大学毕业后我逐渐适应了独立生活。10．bury 掩埋；埋葬；使专心使沉浸；隐藏[高考佳句](2015·江苏高考阅读A)In the back country, bury your toilet waste in a shallow hole away from waterways.在后面的区域把你的卫生垃圾掩埋在远离水路的一个浅坑里。(1)be buried in ＝ bury oneself in埋头于；专心于沉思(2)bury oneself in study
埋头研究；专心学习双手掩面Ever since he moved there, he has buried himself in/has been buried in his research work.
自从搬到那里以后他一直专注于研究工作。She buried her face in her hands and wept when she heard the bad news.
当她听到那个坏消息时她掩面而泣。[联想发散] 表示“专心于；致力于”的短语除了be buried in外还有哪些？试完成下列短语。 ②be devoted tot in
④focus on
⑤concentrate on
⑥fix/concentrate one's attention on
Ⅰ.单句语法填空(bury) herself in her study, Linda had little experience in handling boys.
②Buried (bury) in her study, Linda had little experience in handling boys.
Ⅱ.一句多译由于他埋头于书本所以不知道外面下－1 Because he buried_himself_in/was_buried_in his books, －2 Burying_himself_in_his_books,_(使用现在分词短语作状语)－3 Buried_in_his_books,_(使用过去分词短语作状语)11．set off 出发启程；使爆炸引起爆炸；引起；导致；衬托[高考佳句](2015·陕西高考阅读B)The four－year－old dog set off racing after the sheep across several fields and, 这只四岁的小狗开始追赶绵羊追赶了几块田地之后这只城里养的小狗不仅把绵羊追丢了还迷失了方向。出发/动身去……放下；写下；记下；(使飞机)着陆；让(乘客)下车着手做某事开始着手做某事建立创立；树立＝ set an example to sb.为某人树立榜样In New York, the protesters initially set out to occupy Wall Street but were rebuffed by police.
在纽约抗议者最初打算占据华尔街但却遭到了警方的断然拒绝。Jacqueline's own publishing firm was set up eventually.
Jacqueline自己的出版公司最终被建了起来。
Ⅰ.介、副词填空(2017·陕西高考单选) Ralph W. Emerson would always set down new ideas that occurred to him.eir homes.
③It could take months to find out how the bomb was made, and who set it off．
Ⅱ.句式升级_the_morning,_we_felt_really_excited_and_happy_on_the_way. (现在分词短语作时间状语)[常考·保分型词汇——自主练会]1．suspect ．嫌疑人 怀疑；不相信；认为是……[练习]单句语法填空/句型转换(2016·陕西重点中学模拟)Deer Elk, (suspect) of conducting a series of deadly bombings in Algiers last year, was arrested by the police last week.
②He was suspected that he had stolen the ring at the party last night, and the police were looking into the matter.
→He was suspected of stealing_ the ring at the party last night, and the police were looking into the matter.
suspect 与主语 Deer Elk之间是动宾关系故用过去分词。suspect sb. of (doing) sth.“怀疑某人做了……”。 2．acquire 获得得到[练习]完成句子我们应努力养成定期锻炼身体的好习惯。_of English when he was in England.
在英国期间他学会了英语。在国外学习期间这个年轻人开始喜欢上西方艺术。acquire a habit of“养成……的习惯”；acquire a knowledge of“学会……”；acquire a taste for ...“开始喜欢上……”。 3．lay off 裁员解雇；停止[练习]完成句子 company has laid_off a great number of employees due to the financial crisis.
由于金融危机这个公司进行了大量裁员。他们存了些钱以备女儿结婚用。o lay_down their arms.
将军命令部队放下武器。－table.格雷丝把刀叉摆放在午餐桌上。lay off“裁员”；lay aside“把……放在一边”；lay down“放下”；lay out“摆开”。 4．be accustomed to ... 习惯于……[练习]单句语法(listen) to some light music before sleep.
②It took a while for me to_accustom (accustom) myself to all the new rules and regulations.
be accustomed to (doing) sth. “习惯于(做)某事”(表accustom sb./oneself to (doing) sth.
“使某人/自己习惯于(做)某事”。 5．pace ．速度；速率；步伐；步态；步．踱步[练习]完成句子 firm to keep_pace_with changes in the market.
对一个公司来说能跟上市场的发展是很重要的。keep pace with“同步发展；齐头并进；跟上”。 6．reflect 映射；反射；思考 思考[练习]完成句子st.
他之所以陷入沉思中是他正在思考在列表中反映出来的问题。reflect on/upon sth.“思考某事”；reflection 反射；反照；反映；映像”；be lost in reflection “陷入沉思中”。
7．inspire ．鼓舞激励驱使赋予……灵感给……以启示激起唤起(感情思想等)[练习]用inspire的适当形式填空k even harder.
②If we love life we will never run out of our inspirations.
③She was an inspiring example to her followers.
inspire v．“鼓舞inspiration n．灵感；鼓舞”→inspiring 令人鼓舞的振奋人心的”。
1．I decided that it_was_time__I__became an Internet user.
我觉得该是我成为因特网用户的时候了。(1)“It is/was time (that) ...”句型表示“是该做某事的时候了”前可用about或high修饰should do (should不可省略)”或动词的过去式(be用were)。It's high time that we realized how serious the pollution is and took action to stop it.
现在到了我们意识到污染的严重性并采取行动阻止污染的时候了。(2)It's time for sth./It's time (for sb.) to do sth.“是(某人)该做某事的时候了”。Spring is coming and it is time for those about to graduate to look for jobs.
春天即将到来是即将毕业的学生找工作的时候了。(3)It/This/That is/was the＋序数词＋time＋(that) ...“这是某人第几次做……”从句中使用完成时。若是it is则从句用现在完成时；若是it was则从句用过去完成时。It is the first time that I have visited the Bird's Nest.
这是我第一次参观鸟巢。It was the first time (that) China's female astronaut had flown into the outer space.
这是中国女航天员首次飞往外太空。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空(leave) for the airport.
②Finally it was time to_have (have) supper.
③It is the first time that I have_been_scolded (scold) by my parents.
Ⅱ.一句多译你该去看游泳比赛了。－1 It is time that you went_to_watch_the_swimming_competition．－2 It is time that you should_go_to_watch_the_swimming_competition．－3 It_is_time_for_you_to_go_to_watch_the_swimming_competition.2. Sometimes I wish I could_phone him and ask for his opinion!
有时我真希望能给他打个电话问问他的意见！wish后跟宾语从句意为“但愿……；希望……；要是……就好了”往往表示与实际情况相反或表示不太可能实现的愿望。wish后宾语从句中的谓语动词形式如下：(1)did/were：表示与现在事实相反的愿望(2)had done/been：表示与过去事实相反的愿望She wished she had been at home.
她希望她当时要是在家就好了。(3)would/could/might/should＋动词原形：表示与将来事实相反的愿望My mother wish (that) my father wouldn't drink any longer.
我母亲希望我父亲再也不要喝酒了。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空(happen) yesterday.
②—Can you come to attend our party tonight?
—Sorry, but I do wish I could (can)．(be) as young as my students.
Ⅱ.句型转换I_wish_you_success_someday. (wish sb. sth.)
→May_you_succeed_someday. (may祝愿句)(hope)
[单元基础落实练]
用所给词的适当形式填空(adapt) from his novel of the same name gained a good reputation.
2．The local school has just acquired (acquire) new equipment, which makes teachers and students delighted.
3．It is worthwhile to travel to Beijing, because many places of interest are well worth visiting.The Great Wall is particularly worthy of being visited.(worth)
4．Everyone knows the benefit of learning English and if you work hard, it will be beneficial to your future career.It is reported that many graduates have benefited from having a good command of English.(beneficial)
5．(2016·济南教学测评调研考试)The teacher instructed that all the students should attend the instructive lecture,
would be of great help to our study.(instruct)
Ⅱ.单句改错ut making money, acquire power or recognition.acquire→acquiring
2．As is known, he is distinguished as his knowledge of science.第二个as→for4．Cao Xueqin's famous novel — A Dream of Red Mansions is worthy of
read.第二个of后加being后加to选词填空out, as a whole, spit at, to start with, add up to, swell with anger, keep up with
1．It's impolite to spit_at others. Besides, it may result in conflicts.
2．The young should keep_up_with the time, or they'll fall behind others.
3．The bills add_up_to 100 dollars, which I can't afford.
4．My heart swelled_with_anger after hearing his words.
5．(2016·江西省六校联考)I've got_accustomed_to the life in America. You know, s setting_about studying at once made his parents happy.
9．To_start_with,_we haven't enough money, and secondly we haven't enough time.
10．We must consider these matters as_a_whole．
Ⅳ.完成句子(2016·成都诊断)If we hadn't_made adequate preparations, 如果我们不作充分的准备会议是不会开得这么成功的。p_my_daughter_from_school．已经5点了我该去学校接我女儿放学了。对我们来说参加这个会议是件愉快的事。(2016·南京质检)As far as I'm concerned, tiently．在我看来我们所能做的一切就是耐心地等待。他取得了一点进步但是希望下次能做得更好。我正要出去这时天开始下雨了。Assuming_that it is true, what should I do now?
假定那是真的我现在该怎么办？课文缩写语法填空阅读下面材料在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。e (graduate) with a Bachelor's Degree by distance learning. Because of my new qualification, I'm getting ②promoted (promote) at work.
In the past, if someone ③had_failed (fail) to get into university, he would have had no chance ④of getting a degree. I gave myself a second chance by studying for a degree ⑤in the evenings and on weekends while keeping a secure full－time job. The last four years have been hard work,
45 years old
Three months ago, my manager laid me off because the company was not doing that well, but I felt as if I ⑦had_done (do) something wrong. At first, I enjoyed being ⑧a full－time housewife, (bore) and decided to do a business course. I've always dreamed of starting my own company. I have nearly finished the course ⑩and prepared a business plan for setting up my own export company.
Ⅵ.话题微写作根据提示利用本单元所学知识完成下面的小作文。上个月汤姆被老板解雇了。(lay off)他不仅经常怀疑别人还经常忽略他人有价值的建议。(suspect, )
3．说实话他曾经很杰出而且天天埋头于工作。(frankly speaking, )
4．他对老板很生气但他不得不接受这个事实尽管他发现很难面对这一事实。(be angry with, find it＋＋to do sth.)到了他适应这个社会改变自己的时候了。(adapt to, )
6．毕竟一个人不能仅仅为自己活着。(simply)我多么希望在未来他能有所改变能生活幸福。(wish)Tom was laid off by his boss last month. Not only did he often suspected others, but also he often ignored other people's valuable advice. Frankly speaking, he used to be outstanding, and he was always buried in his work all day long. He was angry with his boss. He had to accept the fact though he found it difficult to face it. It was time that he should adapt to the society and change himself. After all, he lived not simply for himself. How I wish that he would make some necessary changes in future and live a happy life.
[高考题型提能练]阅读理解A
Recordings of angry bees are enough to send big, tough African elephants running away, a new study says.Beehives (蜂窝) — either recorded or real — may even prevent elephants from damaging farmers' crops.ith bees living in them.Today, Lucy wants to see if African honeybees might discourage elephants from eating crops.But before she asked farmers to go to the trouble of setting up beehives on their farms, she needed to find out if the bees would scare elephants away.
Lucy found a wild beehive inside a tree in northern Kenya and set up a recorder.Then she threw a stone into the beehive, which burst into life.Lucy and her assistant hid in their car until the angry bees had calmed down.Next, Lucy searched out elephant families in Samburu National Reserve in northern Kenya and put a speaker in a tree close to each family.
From a distance, Lucy switched on the pre－recorded sound of angry bees while at the same time recording the elephants with a video camera.Half the elephant groups left the area within ten seconds.Out of a total of 17 groups, f a waterfall (瀑布) instead of the angry bees to many of the same elephant families,
angry bees after hearing it several times.She hasn't tested enough groups yet to know, but her initial (最初的) results were promising way.
语篇解读：本文介绍了一项有趣的科学实验科学家通过大量实验来验证小蜜蜂能否有效阻止庞然大物——非洲大象损坏农作物。________．
B．some crops解析：选D 细节理解题。根据第三、四段Lucy所做的实验可知大象可能会被生气的蜜蜂吓跑。 of bees.
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据第三段可知Lucy在一棵树上找到了一个蜂窝并且安装了一个录音机她扔石头的目的是想惹蜜蜂生气然后发出声音从而录制其声音第四段开头也提到了她录制好的声音故选A。________．ups
C．has stopped elephants eating crops
D．has got farmers to set up beehives on their farms
解析：选B 推理判断题。根据最后一段可知Lucy现在正在研究是否大象在几次听到生气的蜜蜂发出的声音后还会被继续吓跑她还没有将这一现象在足够多的大象群体中检验由此可4．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A．Young elephants ignore African honeybees.
B．Waterfalls can make elephants stay in one place.
C．Elephants do not go near trees with bees living in them.
D．Farmers do not allow Lucy to conduct tests in their fields.
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知2002年Lucy和她的队员就发现大象会避开住着蜜蜂的树故C项表述是正确的。B
(2016·江西重点中学联考)I've just got to talk about this problem I'm having with my postman. It all began a year ago,
birth of his first child. Not wanting to appear rude, I asked him about the baby. The next week, not wanting him to think I had asked out of mere politeness the week before, I asked all about the baby again. Now I can't break the habit. I freeze whenever I see him coming. The words “How's the baby？” come out on their own. It holds me up. It holds him up. So why can't I stop it?
The answer is that I want him to like me. Come to think of it, e caretaker of her block of flats: “All he ever does is complain; he talks at me rather than to me, never listens to a word I say, and yet for some reason I'm always really nice to him. I'm worried in case I have a difficulty one day, and he won't lift a finger to help.”
What about at work? Richard Lawton, a management trainer, warns: “Those managers who are actually liked by most of their staff are always those to whom being liked is not the primary goal. The qualities that make managers popular are being honest with staff, treating them as human beings and observing common politeness like saying hello in the morning.” To explain the point, Richard mentions the story of the company chairman who desperately wanted to be liked and who, after making one of his managers fired, said with moist
(湿润的)
eyes that he was so, “If you were that sorry, I wouldn't be leaving.” The lesson being, therefore, that if you try too hard to be liked, people won't like you.
The experts say it all starts in childhood. “If children feel they can only get love from their parents by being good，” says Zelda West－Meads, －confidence and become compulsive_givers．” But is there anything wrong in being a giver,
Anne Cousins believes there is. “There is a point at which giving becomes unhealthy，” she says. “It comes when you do things for others but feel bad about it.”
I am now trying hard to say to people “I feel uncomfortable about saying this, but ...” and tell myself “Refusal of a request does not mean rejection of a person” and I find I can say almost anything to almost anyone.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。首先讲述了作者自己极力想给邮递员留下好印象想让所有的人喜欢她。作者的妹妹和公寓管理员也是这样。在工作中经理越是刻意讨好别人喜爱反而得不到同事的喜爱。阐述了要建立自信通过人格魅力例如诚实、公平对待同事来获得喜爱。e always polite to him.
D．It's a way to start a chat with great politeness.
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第一段“The answer is that I want him to like me. Come to think of it, 可知作者想要邮递员喜爱作者给邮递员留下好印象故选B。t could we find out about the author's sister and the caretaker?
A．She doesn't want to risk displeasing him.
B．She doesn't pay attention to him.
C．He often refuses to help her.
D．He is impatient of her overreaction.
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据二段“My sister had the same problem with the caretaker of her block of flats ...I'm always really nice to him.”可知作者的妹妹对公寓的管理员十分友好故选A。________．解析：选C 词义猜测Refusal of a request does not mean rejection of a person”可知compulsive givers指的是不知道如何拒绝其他人的人故选C。－confidence. suggest ways of dealing with difficult people.
解析：选C 写作目的题。根据最后一段可知本文主要是为了鼓励人们应该有自信故选C。C
Parties and social gatherings no longer excite us the same way they once did. This is not due to a lack of desire to socialize, but the smartphone.
At parties, more people are on their smartphones than on their drinks. According to a recent International Data Corporation study, well over half of all Americans have a smartphone and reach for it the moment they wake up, keeping it in hand all day. In addition, too many people in society are using smartphones while driving and as a result, they get into car crashes. 34 percent of teenagers admit to texting while driving, and they confirm that text messaging is their number one driving interruption. People's attachment to their smartphones is unbelievably becoming more important than the lives of themselves and others.
Just as drivers dismiss the importance of focusing while on the road, many people also fail to recognize the significance of human interaction. When with their friends, some people pointlessly check or send text messages in the presence of a friend, which sends a message to that friend: the person I am texting is more important than you. In addition, relying on our smartphones to make friends does not give us the same advantage as being able to make new friendships in the real world. Face－to－face conversations will give us much stronger communication skills in the long run.s and the lives of people around them just to send a text or mindlessly check their messages, smartphones are in many ways more dangerous to people. The quality of this technology is preventing societal achievements and weakening the value of communication. Not only is the smartphone affecting our desire to interact (交流) face－to－face, 语篇解读：人ext is to ________．
A．call for an end to use the smartphone while driving
B．appeal to us to pay attention to communication skills
C．express a concern about the overuse of the smartphone
D．advise us to be cautious about the addiction to the smartphone
解析：选C 主旨大意题。全文通过描述人们在社交或开车的时候埋头玩智能手机的现象指出了这一现象背后值得思考的话题：智能手机的过度使用已影响到了人们的日常生活和交流。作者对此表示担忧因此选C。________．
A．giving examples
B．listing figures
C．comparing facts
D．analyzing the effects
解析：选A 写作手法题。第二段介绍了人们使用智能手机的情况比如聚会上、开车时并提到了开车时使用智能手机发短信的青少年的比例因此该段是通过举例子来阐述其观点的。________．
A．by using smartphones
B．in a face－to－face way解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第三段的最后两句“In addition, dships in the real world.Face－to－face conversations
will give us much stronger communication skills in the long run”可知作者提倡面对面交朋友而不是通过智能手机因此选B。－dependence on the smartphone leads to the fact that ________s and gatherings limit their social circle
B．people are more and more narrow－minded－to－face communication becomes less important解析：选C 细节理解题。由最后一段中的“The quality of this technology is preventing societal achievements and weakening the value of communication”可知对智能手机过于依赖会削弱交流的价值因此选C。任务型阅读put off our dreams until tomorrow?
1.________ We have to go for them now! Here's why.
Tomorrow is not promised
Nobody likes to talk about death, but the reality is
everybody is going to die at one point. None of us know the day, or the hour. Therefore, today is all we have.
2.________ Make the decision to go after every dream, big or small right now.
The world is waiting on your gift
I know this may be hard to believe, but the world is
waiting on YOU! You were born into the world with a unique gift. Other people may be able to sing. But they'll never be able to sing exactly like you.
3.________
Thus, it is your responsibility to figure out exactly what your gift is, and use to better your life and the lives of those around you.
You can't let fear win
One of the biggest dream killers is fear. There are so many people who could have achieved amazing things if only they weren't afraid. Just think about all the things you've wanted to do, but allowed fear to convince you that you weren't capable. Fear is not real. It is a product of thoughts you create.
4.________
You'll be much happier if you go for it
Imagine how much happier you'll be if you're living the life you always dreamed about. The only thing that is stopping you is yourself.
5.________
Don't keep your dreams waiting.
A．Don't go to your grave with unfulfilled dreams.
B．Other people can write, but they'll never be able to write from the same perspective in which you write.
C．Unless you take the first step, your dreams will never come true.
D．Take control of your own happiness.
E．Doors that you couldn't imagine open up when you go after what you want.
F．Choose not to let fear stop you from achieving your dreams.
G．Our dreams should not, and cannot wait.
答案：1～5 GABFD语法填空(2016·贵州适应性测试)It was the day of the poetry festival, and I was 1.________
(excite). At my old school, I had won the poetry ribbon every year. I do write good poetry. When Mrs. Baker called on me, I stood up. I didn't even bother to look at my paper. I'd spent so much time 2.________
(perfect) the rhymes, and counting the
3.________
(beat), that I knew the poem by heart. I had just started the third verse when I noticed Mrs. Baker was glaring at me. “Linda, you 4.________
(suppose) to be reading an original work, a poem you made up yourself, not reciting something you learned.” I opened my mouth to explain, but no words came out. “You will leave the room and will not return until you are ready 5.________
(apologize)，” said Mrs. Baker. “Now. Go！” I turned and left the room. I'd been standing outside for about half an hour when Joseph, ________
me to answer, he looked so kind and sympathetic 7.________ I poured out the whole story, trying not to cry. “Linda, accepting defeat, when you should stand up for 8.________
(you), can become a very dangerous habit. You know you are the only Linda Brown in the whole world.” 9.________
eyes smiling into mine, I took a deep breath and
10.________
(knock) on the classroom door, ready to face Mrs. Baker — ready to recite my poem.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者擅长诗歌写作。在被提问时由于过于熟练而让老师误以为作者是在背诵他人的诗。在另 考查形容词。根据下文可知作者擅长写诗并且每年都会获奖。因此在诗歌节时作者应该感到很兴奋。此处应用exite的过去分词修饰人表示“感到……的”。故填excited。 考查非谓语动词。perfect意为“使完美”。此处为spend some time (in) doing sth.“花时间做某事”。故填perfecting。 考查名词的数。根据空格前的“rhymes, 可知此处是指数节拍在此处为可数名词。故填beats。 考查固定搭配。根据空格后的“to”和空格前的主语“you”可知此处构成“be supposed to do”的固定结构意为“理应做……”。故填are supposed。(s)e 考查固定搭配。空格前有“are 与空格处构成be ready to do sth.“准备好做某事”。故填to apologiz(s)e。or 考查介词。根据语境可知此处是指约瑟夫等着作者回答。wait for sb. to do sth.意为“等着某人做某事”符合语境。故填for。 考查连词。根据语境可知空格处与其前的“so”构成“so ... that”结构引导结果状语从句意为“如此……以至于……”。故填that。 考查代词。本句是指约瑟夫鼓励作者说“当你应该站起来为自己据理力争时你却接受了失败这会成为一个非常危险的习惯”。故填反身代词yourself。 考查形容词性物主代词。根据空格后“eyes smiling into mine”可知此处是指约瑟夫的眼睛在对作者(的眼睛)微笑。故填His。 考查动词的时态。根据空格前的并列结构“took a deep breath”可知此处应为一般过去时。故填knocked。书面表达(2016·江西省九校联合考试)每年高考各个考点都会挤满陪考的家长。假如你是即将参加高考的李华你的父母就此事征询你的意见请你根据以下要点给父母写一封回信谈谈自己的想法。不想因为自己高考而耽搁他们的工作；相信自己有独立处理事情词数100左右信的开头和结尾已给出但不计入总词数。参考词汇：高考College Entrance Examinationad，
参考范文： Examination.
In your last letter, you asked me if it is necessary to accompany me while I am taking the examination. To be honest, I would like you to work as usual and I would prefer not to disturb your daily work.In addition, I am proud to tell you that I have already grown up and I can deal with the matters I meet. Faced with such an important examination, I have great confidence in overcoming it and I am sure I can succeed this time.
Please believe me and give me a chance to do it by myself.
Best wishes!
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua