专题四 动词的时态和语态
根据高考命题大数据软件分析，重点关注第1、2、4、6、12、14、16、23、24题
模拟精选题
Ⅰ.单句语
1．(2016·湖南四县联考)I sat down on the edge of a curb (路缘) and________(listen)．
答案 listened [考查时态。and连接了两个并列的谓语动词，和前面的sat down并列。]
2．(2016·天水一中模拟)—Have you been to the United States?
—Yes, only once.I________(stay) there only for seven days.
答案 stayed [考查动词的时态。据句子 Have you been to the United States? Yes, only once.我去过美国，但已经回来，所以I________there only for seven days
3．(2016·济宁模拟)I________(think) about what youve said and I’ve decided to take your advice.
答案 have been thinking [考查时态。句意：我一直都在考虑你所说的话而且我已经决定了采纳你的建议了。用现在完成进行时表示动作由过
4．(2016·福建泉州三月质检)I wondered why John kept it a secret.It was not until he________(ask) three times that he told me the truth.
答案 had been asked [考查时态和语态。句意：直到he和ask之间是被动关系，并且发生在told之前，用过去完成时。]
5．(2016·陕西临潼华清中学模拟)—The constant noise around here ________(drive) me crazy!
—Calm down.Its no use complaining.
答案 is driving [句意：——这里连续不断的吵闹声要把我逼疯了！——冷静点。抱怨也没用。根据谈话内容可知：使用现在进行时。]
6．(2016·兰州联考)—I wonder if you could go with me to the supermarket.
—Dont disturb me.I ________(write)my daily report this morning and haven’t finished yet.
答案 have been writing [考查时态。句意：——我想知道你能否和我一起去超市。——不要打扰我，我今天早晨一直在写每日报告，现在还没有完成。根据句意，此处表示的从过去起一直持续的动作，用现在完成进行时。]
7．(2016·湖南浏阳一中期中)It was the fourth time she ________(shop) online for hours.
答案 had shopped [考查固定句型中的时态。It was the fourth time...从句中应该用过去完成时态。]
8．(2015·福州八中质检)Being too anxious to help an event develop often ________(result) in the contrary to our intention.
答案 results [考查一般现在时。从句子结构分析，动名词短语Being too anxious to help an event develop作主语，result是谓语动词，应当考虑时态；根据句子意思“急于求成，往往事与愿违”，是客观真理，应当用一般现在时，故填results。]
9．(2015·保定六市六校联盟)By April 2008，over 10 million articles ________(put) on Wikipedia.
答案 had been put [考查过去完成时的被动语态。句意：到2008年4月份，1千多万文章已经登在维基百科上。和时间状语by April 2008连用谓语动词要用过去完成时，而且主语articles和动词put之间是被动关系。]
10．(2015·吉林一中月考)For thousands of years，the festival ________(mark) by eating Zongzi and racing dragon boats in honour of Qu Yuan.
答案 has been marked [考查时态。由时间状语for thousands of years可知，谓语动词要用现在完成时，表示端午节一直以来都以吃粽子和
11．(2015·内蒙古包钢一中月考)Im so sorry，but sometimes the bus can ________ (delay) by some problems.
答案 be delayed [考查语态。the bus和delay之间是被动关系，故用被动语态。]
12．(2015·海南中学月考)Now college graduates ________(encourage) to start their own business，which sounds really good for us.
答案 are being encouraged [考查时态和语态。句意：现在大学毕业生正在被鼓励自主创业，对我们来说这听起来不错。根据时间状语now可知是正在进行时，
13．(2015·宁夏银川一中月考)So far I ________(adopt) and taught children for over 35 years.
答案 have adopted [考查时态。根据时间状语so far“到目前为止”可知，该状语要与现在完成时连用。]
14．(2015·广东揭阳一中、潮州金山中学联考)So the questions must ________(deal) with carefully，the same way you would handle any other hot potato.
答案 be dealt [考查语态。主语questions和动词deal with之间是被动关系。]
15．(2015·内蒙古师大附中月考)As a child，I lived in a poor family...the worst impression is that I ________ (feel) hungry all the time.
答案 was feeling [考查时态。根据时间状语all the time 可知此处要用进行时态，表示“一直”，这里是过去的事情，所以用过去进行
16．(2015·黑龙江双鸭山一中月考)Sandy：What about his sister，Kate? Did she pass?
Tom：Oh，yes.It seems she________(get) good marks.
答案 got [考查时态。答句意为“好像她得了高分”。发生在过去的事要用一般过去时。]
17．(2015·河南洛阳一高月考)I think Chinese people choose chopsticks，rather than knives and forks，because Chinese people，under the influence of Confucianism，________(consider) knives and forks as symbolizing a type of violence traditionally.
答案 have considered [考查时态。中国人在儒家思想的影响下，传统地认为刀和叉是暴力的象征。此处表示对现在造成的影响和结果，故要用现在完成时。]
18．(2015·辽宁锦州市质量检测一)He jumped out of the car，________(seize) a boy and pushed him up against the parked car.
答案 seized [考查一般过去时。他从汽车里面跳了出来，抓住一个男孩。和jumped，pushed构成并列谓语，故要用一般过去时。]
19．(2017·河北邯郸市一模)Simon：Right.And how many people are coming? Did you say about 8?
Linda：Yes，they said 8 at first，but________(change) to 6 this morning.
解析 changed [考查一般过去时。他们一开始说是8个人，但是后来改成了6个。根据时间状语this morning可知此处要用一般过去时。]
20．(2017·山西太原五中模拟)He goes to a Buddhist monk for advice and expects to ________(tell) how to live a more simple life.
答案 be told [考查被动语态。此人到庙里拜见高僧寻求指点，期望被告知如何过更简朴的生活。expect sb to do sth 期望某人做某事，因为he和tell之间为被动关系，故要用be told。]
21．(2017·辽宁锦州市质量检测“He ________(hurt)，and hes too heavy for me”．
答案 is hurt [考查一般现在时的被动语态。句意：他受伤了，对我来说他太重了。he和动词hurt之间是被动关系，且说的是客观事实，故要用一般现在时的被动语态形式。]
22．(2017·黑龙江大庆一中段考二)He ________ work) hard at his lessons every evening for months.He wants to go to Oxford University next year.
答案 has been working [考查现在完成进行时。这几个月他一直在努力学习。用现在完成进行时表示最近一直在做的事情。]
23．(2017·黑龙江哈三中一模)If you ________(happen) meet a girl online who is intelligent，kind，honest，and you get a good feeling of her，wont you have the desire to get to know her in person?
答案 happen to [考查动词的时态和固定表达。条件状语从句要用一般现在时表将来，happen to do sth碰巧做某事。]
24．(2017·山西太原五中模拟)There ________ (be) more than 100 million references to the word “tuhao” on social media since early September this year.
答案 have been [考查现在完成时。九月份上旬以来，“土豪”一词在中国社交网络上1亿多次。和时间状语since early September this year 连用，要用现在完成时。]
25．(2017·黑龙江哈三中二模)All the discoveries in human history have ________(make) as a result of curiosity.
答案 been made [考查被动语态。the discoveries和动词make之间为动宾关系，空格前的have表明句子用现在完成时，故要用现在完成时的被动语态。]
Ⅱ.语篇语法填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
(2016·济南外国语学校质检)George Washington was the first President of the United States of America.His first term__1__president was from 1789 to 1793 and his second term from 1793 to 1797.__2__he became president, he played important roles in the army，__3__(lead)
the American Continental Army to victory over the British in 1783.Washington is often seen as the father of the United States and is probably the best__4__(know) American politician ever.
The likeness and name of George Washington can still be seen in many places.There is the portrait of__5__(he)and three other American presidents carved into Mount Rushmore National Memorial.His image is also used on__6__one－dollar bill and the quarter－dollar coin.At least three universities__7__(name) after him.
Washington’s Birthday was first celebrated as a holiday in Columbia in 1880.It was made a federal holiday in 1885.The holiday was__8__(original)
held on the anniversary of Washington’s birth, on February 22.In 1971, this holiday was moved to the__9__(three) Monday in February.
This holiday is legally designated as “Washington’s Birthday”．Though other institutions such as local governments and private__10__(business) may use other names, it is the federal governments policy to always refer to holidays by the names designated in the law.
【语篇导读】 乔治·华盛顿是美国历史上第一位总统，也是刻入拉什莫尔山国家纪念公园的四位伟大总统之一。美国人民非常崇拜华盛顿，将他的诞辰纪念日定于二月份的第三个星期一。
1．as [考查介词。根据上下文语境分析，此处表示作为总统的第一个任期是从1789年到1793年，第二个任期是从1793年到1797年。as“当作，作为”。]
2．Before [考查连词。根据语境可分析，他在当总统之前，在军中起着重要作用。故需填入从属连词before。]
3．leading [考查非谓语动词。此处表示他在军中担任要职，他领导的美国大陆军于1783年战胜英军。主语he与动词lead之间是主谓关系，故用现在分词短语作伴随状语。]
4．known [考查形容词。由语境和句式结构分析，空格处缺少形容词，表示“知名的”。结合提示词可知应填known。此处
5．him [考查代词。根据语境分析，介词of缺少宾语，且此处指代华盛顿，故用him。]
6．the [考查冠词。由下文的“the quarter－dollar coin”可判断，此处为特指，即特指华盛顿的图像印在the one－dollar bill上。]
7．are named [考查动词时态、语态。本three universities”与动词name之间存在动宾关系，故应用一般现在时的被动语态，即are named。]
8．originally [考查词形转换。根据句子结构分析，此处的一般过去时的被动语态was held缺少副词修饰，故该填入形容词original的副词形式，即originally。]
9．third[考查序数词。根据语境和上文的定冠词the可判断出，此处该填入基数词three的序数词，即third。在1971年，这一节日移到了二月的第三个星期一。]
10．businesses [考查名词单复数。根据文中的关键信息“other institutions...local governments”可判断出，此处应用名词的复数形式businesses，表示多家私人企业。]
创新导向题Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．(关注一You’ve got your flat furnished, haven’t you?
—Yes，I________some used furniture and it was a real bargain.
答案 bought [句意：——你的房子装修好了，不是吗？——是的，我买了一些二手家具，确实便宜。从后面的was可知，买家具是过去的动作，故用一般过去时。]
2．(关注现在完成时和过去完John and I________(be) friends for eight years.We first got to know each other at a Christmas party.But we________(meet) each other a couple of times before that.
答案 have been；had met [根据第一空后面的“for eight years”可知，第一空应用现在完成时；根据第二空前面的“got”及后面的“before that”可知，meet这一动作发生在got之前，故第二空应用过去完成时。]
3．(关注过去进行时表过去一段时间内正在进行的动作)—Hey，Gary，did Linda see you come in?
—I dont think so.She________(review) her lessons then.
答案 was reviewing [句意：——嗨，加理，刚才琳达看见你进来了吗？——我认为没有。她当时正在复习功课。根据答语第二句中的then可知应用过去进行时。]
4．(关注各种时态的被动语态)A lot of attention________(pay) to greenhouse gas emission.Look at those posters for environmental protection.
答案 is being paid [句意：温室气体的排放得到了很多关注。看那些关于环境保护的海报。根据“Look at”可知此处指的是现在的情况，且pay与attention之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系，故用现在进行时的被动语态。]
5．(关注不用在被动语态中的词)—Does China have cultural relics?
—Yes，it is admitted that many cultural relics in the world，such as the Great Wall，the Potala Palace and the Mogao Grottoes，________(belong) China.
答案 belong to [belong to不用于被动语态和进行时态。“许多世界文化遗产，如长城、布达拉宫、莫高窟等属于中国”，这是一个客观事实，应该用一般现在时。从句的主语是many cultural relics，所以谓语动词要用复数形式。]
Ⅱ.语篇填空
Welcome to our school.I’d like to introduce you to plans for our school.A lot of work __1__(do) in the past few years.The library __2__(complete) and is ready for use.But we still have to do more work.A new biology lab __3__(build)this year.But we don’t have enough money for the equipment.Students in all grades __4__(collect) money.The money which is collected __5__(spend) on new equipment.At present，a plan __6__(make) for a party at the end of the term，at which wonderful performances __7__(put)on.
The gardens of the school __8__(improve) this year.New trees __9__(plant) which will soon give shade in summer.The whole school __10__(paint) during the summer holidays.In fact，our school is becoming more and more beautiful.
答案 1.has been done 2.has been completed 3.is being built 4.are collecting 5.will be spent 6.is being made 7.will be put 8.are being improved 9.are being planted10．is going to be painted