课时提升作业(二十一)
选修7 Unit 2
Ⅰ. 单项填空
1. (2017·济南模拟)They are not prepared to advertise in this area because they do not believe it will be of any.
A. benefit B. convenience
C. application
D. intelligence
2. (2017·遵义模拟)Not only his lesson, but also he often helps others with their lessons.
A. did he do well in B. he do well in
C. does he do well in
D. he did well in
3. (2017·日照二模)All people present are opposed to the project for the reason
it will cause much pollution.
A. that B. why
C. because
D. what
4. (2017·武汉二模)She seemshappy in her new job since there is nothing troublesome to bother her.
A. generally B. flexibly
C. reasonably
D. deliberately
5. There appeared anlook on her face on hearing thestory.
A. astonishing; astonishingB. astonishing; astonish
C. astonished; astonishing
D. astonishing; astonished
6. With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good eartheach year.
A. is washing away B. is being washed away
C. are washing away
D. are being washed away
7. The boy is so addicted computer games that he doesn’t want to go to school.
A. to play B. to playing
C. with playing
D. by playing
8. (2017·天水模拟) the Internet is bridging the distance between people, it may also break some families or cause other family problems.
A. As B. If
C. While
D. Since
9. A huge number of magazines in foreign languagesup to now, not to mention those in Chinese.
A. has been subscribed to
B. have been subscribed to
C. had been subscribed to
D. is subscribed to
10. (2017·衡水模拟)We won’t know how the plan works till we have.
A. tried on it B. tried on
C. tried out it
D. tried it out
11. (2017·泰安三模)Due to theof this medical technology, more diseases can be treated at an early stage.
A. adaptation B. approval
C. application
D. appreciation
12. (2017·温岭模拟)What you suggest sounds good, but you still have to be
and consider what you can actually do.
A. effective B. realistic
C. considerate
D. manageable
13. (2017·常州模拟)Studies show that people who like sitting in the office for hours without a break are moreto suffer from back problems.
A. likely B. possible
C. probable
D. sure
14. Personally, I’ve neverthe view that either sex is superior to the other.
A. accounted for B. submitted to
C. allowed for
D. subscribed to
15. Wethe Ministry of Health’s efforts to reform the health care system, which help relieve the high medical cost burdens.
A. adapted B. congratulated
C. applauded
D. measured
Ⅱ. 完形填空
(2017·吉林质检)
With his leg lame and his teeth uneven, the boy thought of himself as the most unfortunate child in the world. He 1 played with his classmates, and when asked to answer questions, he always 2 his head without a word.
One spring, his father brought home some saplings(树苗). 3 of his children would plant a sapling and he promised, “Whoever 4 his sapling best shall get a gift. ”The boy certainly wanted to get the gift. 5 seeing his brothers and sisters watering the trees, he 6 an idea: he hoped the tree he planted would die soon. So watering it once or twice, he never 7 it.
Several days later, he was 8 to find it not only didn’t die, but also grew so many fresh 9 . Compared with those of his brothers and sisters, his tree appeared greener. His father kept his 10 , bought the boy a gift and said he would become an outstanding 11 after growing up.
From then on, the boy slowly became 12 and confident. One evening, he suddenly 13 his biology teacher once said that plants 14 grow at night. Why not go to see the tree?
When he came to the courtyard, he found his father working near the tree! Instantly he 15 : Father had been secretly 16 his tree! He returned to his room, tears 17 in his eyes.
Decades passed, the boy didn’t become a botanist. 18 , he became the U. S. President. His name was Franklin Roosevelt.
19 is the best nourishment(滋养品)of life. 20 it is just a bucket of water, it can make the tree of life grow well!
1. A. ever B. seldom
C. still
D. often
2. A. held
B. raised
C. lowered
D. covered
3. A. Both
B. Some
C. One
D. Each
4. A. likes
B. protects
C. grows
D. watches
5. A. And
B. So
C. Before
D. But
6. A. cared for
B. got rid of
C. hit upon
D. put forward
7. A. appealed to
B. attended to
C. adapted to
D. turned to
8. A. surprised
B. frightened
C. disappointed
D. amused
9. A. roots
B. leaves
C. branches
D. seeds
10. A. word
B. balance
C. agreement
D. opinion
11. A. teacher
B. gardener
C. president
D. botanist
12. A. satisfied
B. certain
C. optimistic
D. independent
13. A. believed
B. recalled
C. repeated
D. knew
14. A. generally
B. hardly
C. recently
D. probably
15. A. remembered
B. understood
C. wondered
D. admitted
16. A. cutting
B. decorating
C. watering
D. fertilizing
17. A. welling
B. falling
C. dropping
D. crying
18. A. Therefore
B. Besides
C. Moreover
D. Instead
19. A. Love
B. Water
C. Disability
D. Father
20. A. So long as
B. If only
C. Now that
D. Even though
Ⅲ. 阅读理解
Does it annoy you when your parents make you drink a carton of milk when you want a can of soda? Or do you hate being told to go for a run when your favorite TV show is on?
Well, maybe you should listen to your parents because they are only trying to help you. Without proper diet and exercise kids are at risk of developing fragile bones when they get older. That’s because our bodies are very good at building bones until about the age of 30, when the process stops.
Dr. Lawrence Raisz, scientific editor of The 2004 Surgeon General’s Report on Bone Health and Osteoporosis(骨质疏松症), agrees. “We’re in bad shape, ”he says. His report predicts that by 2020, half of all Americans over the age of 50 will be at risk of fractures(骨折)because of low bone mass. “Kids today are—what’s the expression? —they’re computer potatoes. They have lots of soft drinks and not enough good calcium-rich(富含钙质的)food. ”And there in(在其中)lies the problem, because calcium and exercise, along with vitamin D, are the important components for building up strong bones.
If you think of your body as a house, then your skeleton(骨架)is the supporting frame—a frame maintained and strengthened by calcium. Once we hit our 30s, our bodies start to draw from the calcium stored in our bones. If there is enough calcium, then the structure will stand firm, but if there’s not? Picture the frame of a house devoured(吞噬)by termites(白蚁), the wood brittle(易折的)and filled with holes”. That’s what osteoporosis does to your skeleton.
The second half of the skeleton building equation(等式)is exercise. For optimum(最适宜的)bone health, the Surgeon General recommends that children get 60 minutes of weight-bearing(负重)or strengthening exercise a day. As with muscles, bones grow stronger with use; plenty of exercise means plenty of bone health. “If you do an hour of exercise a day, it doesn’t matter so much what it is, ”Raisz says. “You’re telling your bones they’ve got to grow! ”
1. According to Dr. Lawrence Raisz, why will many Americans have weak bones in the future?
A. Because their body will stop building bones.
B. Because they are not familiar with the structure of the body.
C. Because they have an unhealthy diet and do not exercise enough.
D. Because they can’t afford a qualified doctor.
2. Which of the following is NOT the important factors for building up strong bones?
A. Calcium.
B. Exercise.
C. Vitamin C.
D. Vitamin D.
3. The author explains the influence of calcium on the human body by.
A. comparisons B. figure of speech
C. numbers
D. an example
4. We can learn from the article that.
A. the storage of calcium in our body doesn’t change even when we grow old
B. many American parents have ignored the dangers of their kids getting fractures
C. a daily diet rich in calcium and Vitamin D is necessary for strong bones
D. half an hour of muscle exercise a day is enough for kids to develop strong bones
5. The main idea of the passage is that.
A. proper diet and exercise are of benefit to people’s bone health
B. kids in America don’t like exercising
C. people in America don’t have proper diet
D. one’s body is like a house
【语篇随练】多练一点 技高一筹
根据阅读理解完成句子
1. He saved the drowning boy.
他冒着生命危险救了那个溺水的男孩。
2. It washe had taken the flat.
他因为工作的原因租了那套公寓。
3. No one wouldthis kind of “bad” English to students.
谁也不会建议把这种“不通”的英语教给学生们。
4. In order to do this you have to.
为了做到这一点, 你一定要建立起自信。
Ⅰ. 1. 【解析】选A。考查名词辨析。句意: 他们不准备在这个地区做广告, 因为他们认为这不能给他们带来利益。benefit意为“利益, 好处”, 符合句意。convenience方便, 便利; application应用, 用途, 申请; intelligence智力, 聪明, 智能。
【加固训练】
(2017·贵州模拟)Oneof being able to speak English is that you will have more job opportunities.
A. aspect
B. benefit
C. way
D. value
【解析】选B。考查名词。“you will have more job opportunities”是会说英语的“好处”之一, 由此可知答案, 所以选benefit, 意思是: 好处, 益处。
2. 【解析】选C。考查时态和倒装。句意: 他不仅自己功课学得不错, 而且经常帮助别人学习功课。not only. . . but also. . . 在连接并列分句且not only置于句首时, not only后的分句用部分倒装, but also后的分句不倒装。根据后面的分句的时态可知, 应该使用一般现在时, 故选C。
【加固训练】
Not only interested in football but beginning to show an interest in it.
A. the teacher himself is; all his students are
B. the teacher himself is; are all his students
C. is the teacher himself; are all his students
D. is the teacher himself; all his students are
【解析】选D。考查倒装。not only. . . but also. . . “不但……而且……”, not only置于句首时, not only后的分句倒装, but also后的分句不倒装。
3. 【解析】选A。考查名词性从句。此处为同位语从句, 描述的是名词reason的具体内容, 而非定语从句, 故选that, 而不是why。
【加固训练】
The reasonall people present are opposed to the project is that it will cause much pollution.
A. that
B. why
C. because
D. what
【解析】选B。考查定语从句。构成the reason why. . . is that. . . 结构。why引导的是一个定语从句, 相当于for which。
4. 【解析】选C。句意: 因为没有烦恼打扰, 她好像在新的工作中极其开心。所以选reasonably“相当地, 合理地”。
【加固训练】
(2017·日照二模)Mo Yan’s childhood is considered to be a greatof his literary creation.
A. source
B. reason
C. access
D. evidence
【解析】选A。句意: 莫言小时候的艰难生活成为了他文学创作的源泉。source源泉。
5. 【解析】选C。考查形容词的用法。第一个空描述的是人因震惊而流露出的表情, 所以用astonished, 意思是: 感到惊讶的; 第二个空描述的是令人震惊的故事, 所以用astonishing。
【拓展延伸】
-ing形容词与-ed形容词的区别
(1)以后缀-ed结尾的形容词(如ashamed, delighted, excited, frightened, interested, moved, pleased, surprised, worried等)通常用于说明人, 不用于说明事物, 即使它们所修饰的名词是事物, 那它们指的也是与该事物相关的人。例如:
He had a pleased smile on his face.
他脸上露出了满意的微笑。
He told me the news in a very excited voice.
他声音很激动地告诉了我这个消息。
第一句中的a pleased smile意为“满意的微笑”, 它指的是某人因感到满意发出的微笑; 第二句中的a very excited voice指的是“很激动的声音”, 即指的是某人因很激动而发出那样的声音。
原则上, -ed形容词通常直接用于说明人, 若修饰事物, 则多为air(神态), appearance(外貌), cry(哭声), face(面部表情), voice(声音), mood(情绪)等显示某人的情感状况的名词。
(2)以后缀-ing结尾的形容词(如delighting, exciting, frightening, interesting, moving, surprising, worrying等)主要用于说明事物, 表示事物的性质或特征, 若用它们说明人, 则表示此人具有此性质或特征。例如:
The story is very interesting. 这个故事很有趣。
The man is very interesting. 这个人很有趣。
6. 【解析】选D。考查主谓一致和语态。因为wash away和主语earth之间是动宾关系, 所以要用被动语态, 排除A、C; (huge/large)quantities of可以修饰可数名词, 也可以修饰不可数名词, 但是谓语动词只能用复数, 所以本题选D。
【加固训练】
(2017·江西省高考压轴)The construction was left half done, andof money were wasted.
A. large numbers of B. a great deal of
C. large amounts
D. masses of
【解析】选C。句意: 建筑被剩下一半, 大部分钱都被浪费了。a great deal of +不可数名词; large amounts of+不可数名词作主语时, 谓语动词用复数。large numbers of+可数名词; masses of+可数名词或不可数名词, 这里修饰money是不可数名词, 但是空格后已有of, 故排除A、B、D三项, 故选C。
【拓展延伸】
“多”有多种表达
+可数名词复数
many a +可数名词单数
+不可数名词
+可数名词复数/不可数名词
7. 【解析】选B。句意: 这个男孩如此沉迷于电脑游戏以至于不想上学。be addicted to doing sth. 沉迷于做某事。
8. 【解析】选C。考查状语从句。句意: 尽管因特网能够消除人们之间的距离, 但是它也能够使一些家庭破裂或导致其他家庭问题。此处while引导一个让步状语从句, 表示“尽管”。
9. 【解析】选B。考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意: 到目前为止, 已经订阅了大量的外语杂志, 更何况那些中文杂志。主语是magazines, 谓语用复数。由up to now可知应用现在完成时。
10. 【解析】选D。考查动词短语的意义和用法。这里指的是计划的实验, 尝试, 所以应该用try out, 宾语为代词it, 所以应该放在中间。
11. 【解析】选C。句意: 由于这项医疗技术的应用, 更多的疾病可以在早期得到治疗。application应用, 使用。adaptation改编; approval同意; appreciation感激, 欣赏。
12. 【解析】选B。考查形容词辨析。句意: 你的建议听起来不错, 但仍然需要实际一点, 想想看你真正能做到的是什么。effective有效的; realistic现实的; considerate考虑周到的, 善解人意的; manageable易管理的, 易控制的。
13. 【解析】选A。be likely to do sth. 意思为“很有可能做某事”, 主语可以是人也可以是物。
【加固训练】
Is Liu Xiangto take part in the 31st Olympic Games to be held in 2016?
A. like B. alike
C. likely
D. possible
【解析】选C。句意: 刘翔可能会参加2016年举行的第31届奥运会吗? be likely to do sth. 很可能做某事, likely是形容词, 主语可以是人也可以是物。possible作表语时, 主语不能是人, 常用it作形式主语; like在be后时用作介词; alike是表语形容词, 意为“相像的”。
14. 【解析】选D。考查动词短语辨析。句意: 我个人从来都不同意性别有优劣之分的观点。subscribe to同意。
15. 【解析】选C。句意: 我们称赞卫生部为改革医疗制度做出的努力, 这些努力有助于减轻过高的医疗开支负担。A项“适应, 改编”, B项“祝贺”, C项“为……鼓掌, 称赞, 赞许”, D项“测量”。
Ⅱ. 【文章大意】本文讲述了一个认为自己天生不幸的小男孩, 经过一次种树的经历, 受到父亲的鼓励和帮助而变得自信, 后来成为美国总统的故事。文章旨在告诉读者爱是滋润孩子心灵的最好养料。
1.【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。根据文章第一句话可知, 小男孩认为自己不幸运, 因此不和同学交流, 故选seldom, 意思是“很少”。
2.【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。lower one’s head“低下头”。由上文可知, 小男孩腿脚残疾, 牙齿不齐, 所以很自卑, 与之相应的是低头逃避回答问题。
3.【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。根据第三段中的细节Compared with those of his brothers and sisters. . . 可知父亲让每个孩子种一棵树, 故选each。
4.【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。根据第三段和后文可知, 父亲承诺树种得最好的将会获得礼物, 故选grows。
5.【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。小男孩也想得到父亲的礼物, 但是看到兄弟姐妹都在细心呵护小树, 便失去了信心, 选择了放弃, 故选but, 表示转折。
6. 【解析】选C。短语辨析题。hit upon an idea“突然有了一个想法”。care for“喜欢”。get rid of“除去”。put forward“(公开)提出(建议等)”。
7. 【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。因为有了“he hoped the tree he planted would die soon”的想法, 所以他就从不精心照料他种的这棵树。所以选attended to, 意思是“照料, 护理”; appeal to“吸引”; adapt to“使适应; 改编”; turn to“求助于; 依靠; 转而从事于”。
8. 【解析】选A。前后照应题。小树的成长和小男孩的心理预期相反, 所以他感到惊讶, 故选surprised。frightened“恐惧的”; disappointed“失望的”; amused“愉悦的; 感到有趣的”。
9.【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。语境为小树不但没死, 反而长出了很多新鲜的绿叶。下文的“his tree appeared greener”也有提示。
10.【解析】选A。词汇复现题。keep one’s word“信守诺言”, 和前文父亲promised相呼应。
11. 【解析】选D。词汇复现题。根据文章倒数第二段中the boy didn’t become a botanist可知, 父亲说小男孩会成为植物学家。
12. 【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。第一段中小男孩thought of himself the most unfortunate, 他不与同学交往和不回答问题, 表明他悲观、不开朗、不自信, 即精神低迷。种树事件是他第一次有好运气, 第一次成功, 无疑对他起到积极的作用, 此前精神低迷的状态逐渐改变。另外结合confident一词, 应选optimistic。
13.【解析】选B。词语辨析题。这里的意思是: 他想起了以前他的生物老师对他说的话, 所以选recalled, 意思是: “回忆, 想起”。believe“相信”; repeat“重复”; know“知道”。
14. 【解析】选A。背景常识题。根据once said和后句Why not go to see the tree? 可知学生回想起来生物老师说, 植物一般在晚间生长(此为常识), 故选generally, 意思是“通常地, 一般地”。
15. 【解析】选B。词语辨析题。看到眼前的景象, 小男孩立刻明白了(恍然大悟), 是父亲在暗中帮助他给树浇水, 故选understood。remember“记得”; wonder“想知道”; admit“承认”, 均与语境不符。
16. 【解析】选C。词汇复现题。文章最后有原词复现: . . . it is just a bucket of water, it can make the tree of life grow well!
17.【解析】选A。词语辨析题。well此处是动词“(液体如泉般)充盈; 涌出”, 小男孩被父亲的爱所感动, 热泪盈眶, 故选well。fall“落下”, drop“滴落”, cry“哭泣”, 均与tears或in his eyes不搭配。解题时可用排除法。
18. 【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。句意: 小男孩没有像父亲预言的一样成为植物学家, 反而成了美国总统。表示转折关系, 故选instead, 意思是“反而”。
19.【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。由上文可知, 父亲给小树浇的水以及父亲给小男孩的鼓励是小男孩成功的关键, 也就是说小男孩和小树的共同点是都得到了关爱, 故选love。
20. 【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。爱是生命最好的滋养品, 即使是一桶水, 也会使生命之树枝繁叶茂。所以选even though, 意思是“即使”。so long as“只要”。if only“要是……就好了”。now that“既然”。
Ⅲ. 【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学饮食和锻炼有益于骨骼健康。
1. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。从第三段的. . . half of all Americans over the age of 50 will be at risk of fractures because of low bone mass. “Kids today are—what’s the expression? —they’re computer potatoes. They have lots of soft drinks and not enough good calcium-rich food. ”看出, 今天的孩子们喝的饮料多, 没有吃足够的含钙丰富的食物, 天天守在电脑旁, 不锻炼。
2. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。从第三段的calcium and exercise, along with vitamin D, are the important components for building up strong bones看出答案。
3. 【解析】选B。写作方法题。从第四段看出, 把人的身体比喻成房子。figure of speech修辞, 比喻说法。故选B。
4. 【解析】选C。推理判断题。由文章可知富含钙和维生素D的饮食对骨骼的生长是必需的。
5. 【解析】选A。主旨大意题。文章通过调查报告, 说美国有一半的人到他们五十多岁时会骨质疏松, 是因为他们没有科学的饮食和体育锻炼。根据全文看出, 文章的主题是科学饮食和锻炼有益于骨骼健康。
【语篇随练】
1. at the risk of losing his own life
2. because of the job that
3. recommend teaching
4. build up confidence