议论文型基础写作
一、考点解读
议论文是作者对某个问题或某件事进行分析、评论，表明自己的观点、立场、态度、看法和主张的一种文体。议论文有三要素，即论点、论据和论证。论点的基本要求是：观点正确，认真概括，有实际意义；论据的基本要求是：真实可靠，充分典型；论证的基本要求是：推理必须符合逻辑。
议论文的写作要注意以下几点：
1．准确找出论点、论据及其之间的相互关系，即找出要点。
2．合理安排材料的顺序，即论点、论据和结论之间的表述方式。
专题四 │专题导读
3．注意文章的时态、语态等。议论文常用一般现在时，但叙说过去的事实时，可用过去时态；预测将来时，要用将来时态；也经常使用被动语态；有时假设一种虚拟情况时，还需要用虚拟语气。
二、典例导练
【写作内容】
假设你参加所在年级的英文写作比赛，请按如下要求完成一篇短文：
1．简要描述下图内容，并点明主题；
2．联系实际，表达该图带给你的启示。
【写作要求】
1．只能使用5个句子表达所有内容，
开头已给出，但不计入总句数。
2．文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。
【评分标准】
句子结构准确，信息内容完整，篇章
结构连贯。
One possible version：
As can be seen from the picture，when drops of water accumulate，they can form the sea；trees added together can make the forest，and the human society is formed by every individual or family.
The picture conveys an important message that human society is made up of every individual.It is our responsibility to make as much effort as possible to make our society a good place to live in.As a matter of fact，every individual has his uniqueness and every individual has something in common with others as well.Learning from each other，we can bring richness to our quality and we can live a harmonious life.That is what all the people expect，I am sure.
三、模拟试题
(一)
中国民工学校状况越来越受到人们的关注，假设你是李华，你和你的同学共同对你所在城市的民工学校进行了调查。了解情况之后你写信给英语周报，呼吁全社会关注民工学校，帮助民工子弟。
参考词汇：民工学校migrant school
【写作要求】
1．只能使用5个句子表达所有内容，信的开头与结尾已经给出，不计入总句数。
2．文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。
【评分标准】
句子结构准确，信息内容完整，篇章结构连贯。
One possible version：
Dear Editor，
Recently，my classmates and I made a survey about the migrant schools in our city.Problems do exist.
Owing to the lack of money, most migrant schools have no modern equipment, no playground, no libraries, and even not enough teachers. However, we find that the migrant kids are just as keen on study as us. In order to improve the situation, we think our government should take measures to pour more money into migrant schools. As for us, the local students,
can help to collect money or donate books to them. We do hope that the whole society can care more about migrant kids, because if everyone contributes a bit, migrant kids can surely enjoy an equal education opportunity.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
(二)
【写作内容】
近年来，不少中学生注册了博客，对此人们观点各异。有人认为写博客可以帮助学生展示自我，减缓压力。也有人认为它浪费时间，耽误学习。请根据以上提示并结合自己的想法谈谈不同的人(包括你自己)对中学生写博客的看法。
【写作要求】
1．文章的题目和开头已给出(不计入总句数)；
2．文中不得出现考生的具体信息。
【评分标准】
句子结构准确，信息内容完整，篇章结构连贯。
One possible version：
Middle School Students Are Writing Blogs
In recent years, it’s a common phenomenon that a growing number of middle school students start their own blogs on the Internet.
Some believe it can provide a colorful stage for students to show their talents and it’s a nice way to help them relieve pressure.However, others agree that managing a blog will take a lot of time and energy, which should be used for study.
Personally, I do approve of students having their own blogs because the Internet is playing a vital part in our life.As a matter of fact, whether blogging is of harm or not depends on how we employ it.If we can take full advantage of blogging and meanwhile avoid its negative effects, we can surely benefit a lot from it.