【师说】2017届高考英语二轮复习天天增分训练：27（含解析）

　　天天增分(二十七)

　　满分48分，实战模拟，15分钟拿下高考客观题满分！姓名：________　班级：________　

　　.阅读理解

　　A

　　A scientist working at her lab bench and a six­month­old baby playing with his food might seem to have little in common.After all，the scientist is engaged in serious research to uncover the very nature of the physical world，and the baby is，well, just playing...right？Perhaps，but some developmental psychologists (心理学家) have argued that this “play” is more like a scientific investigation than one might think.

　　Take a closer look at the baby playing at the table.Each time the bowl of rice is pushed over the table edge，it falls to the ground—and，in the process，it brings out important evidence about how physical objects interact (相互作用)：bowls of rice do not float in mid­air，but require support to remain stable.It is likely that babies are not born knowing this basic fact of the universe；nor are they ever clearly taught it.Instead，babies may form an understanding of object support through repeated experiments and then build on this knowledge to learn even more about how objects interact.Though their ranges and tools differ，the baby's investigation and the scientist's experiment appear to share the same aim (to learn about the natural world)，overall approach (gathering direct evidence from the world)，and logic (are my observations what I expected？)．

　　Some psychologists suggest that young children learn about more than just the physical world in this way—that they investigate human psychology and the rules of language using similar means.For example，it may only be through repeated experiments，evidence gathering，and finally overturning a theory，that a baby will come to accept the idea that other people can have different views and desires from what he or she has，for example，unlike the child，Mommy actually doesn't like Dove chocolate.

　　Viewing childhood development as a scientific investigation throws light on how children learn，but it also offers an inspiring look at science and scientists.Why do young children and scientists seem to be so much alike？Psychologists have suggested that science as an effort—the desire to explore，explain，and understand our world—is simply something that comes from our babyhood.Perhaps evolution (进化) provided human babies with curiosity and a natural drive to explain their worlds，and adult scientists simply make use of the same drive that served them as children.The same cognitive (认知的) systems that make young children feel good about figuring something out may have been adopted by adult scientists.As some psychologists put it，“It is not that children are little scientists but that scientists are big children.”

　　1．According to some developmental psychologists，________.

　　A．a baby's play is nothing more than a game

　　B．scientific research into babies' games is possible

　　C．the nature of babies' play has been thoroughly investigated

　　D．a baby's play is somehow similar to a scientist's experiment

　　2．We learn from Paragraph 2 that ________.

　　A．scientists and babies seem to observe the world differently

　　B．scientists and babies often interact with each other

　　C．babies are born with the knowledge of object support

　　D．babies seem to collect evidence just as scientists do

　　3．Children may learn the rules of language by ________.

　　A．exploring the physical world

　　B．investigating human psychology

　　C．repeating their own experiments

　　D．observing their parents' behaviors

　　4．What is the main idea of the last paragraph?

　　A．The world may be more clearly explained through children's play.

　　B．Studying babies' play may lead to a better understanding of science.

　　C．Children may have greater ability to figure out things than scientists.

　　D．One's drive for scientific research may become stronger as he grows.

　　5．What is the author's tone when he discusses the connection between scientists' research and babies' play?

　　A．Convincing.B．Confused.

　　C．Confident.

　　D．Cautious.

　　【语篇解读】　本文是一篇议论文。作者提出自己的观点：六个月大的婴儿不断把碗从桌子边上推下去的这个简单的游戏动作，其实包含着很深刻的道理，它与科学家做实验有很多相似之处。我们追求科学的态度其实源于我们的儿童时代。

　　1．解析：细节理解题。由题干中的developmental psychologists定位到第一段的最后一句，心理学家认为这种玩耍比我们所认为的更像一种科学调查，这与D项“婴儿的玩耍在某种程度上类似于科学家的实验”意义一致，故选D项。A项“婴儿的玩耍仅仅是一种游戏”，与文意相悖，可排除；B项“对婴儿游戏的科学研究是可行的”及C项“婴儿玩耍的本质已被彻底调查清楚”，文章并未提到。

　　答案：D　

　　2．解析：推理判断题。第二段详细讲述婴儿把碗推到桌子边上掉下去的过程，然后说，这个游戏与科学家做实验有相同之处：目标相同，方式相同，逻辑推理相同，因此选D项“婴儿与科学家搜集证据的方式相似”。A项错在differently；文中提到how physical objects interact(物体之间是如何相互作用的)，而不是科学家和婴儿之间是如何相互作用的，故排除B项；C项与文中的babies are not born knowing this basic fact相矛盾，可排除。

　　答案：D　

　　3．解析：细节理解题。由题干中the rules of language定位到文章第三段。该段讲婴儿通过重复的实验(repeated experiments)等来学习，故选C项“重复他们自己的实验”。除了repeated experiments，文章还提到了evidence gathering，overturning a theory，而未提及A、B、D三项，故可排除。

　　答案：C　

　　4．解析：主旨大意题。最后一段谈到要从科学研究的角度看待儿童的发展，说我们追求科学的态度其实源于我们的儿童时代。由此推断，该段的主旨是B项“研究婴儿的游戏或许有助于更好地理解科学”。其他三项并非本段主旨，均可排除。

　　答案：B　

　　5．解析：观点态度题。作者在讨论科学研究和婴儿玩耍的关系时，采取了谨慎的(cautious)态度，这由行文中频繁出现的might，perhaps，appear to等可推测得知。convincing令人信服的；confused困惑的，糊涂的；confident确信的。

　　答案：D　

　　B

　　Two things changed my life：my mother and a white plastic bike basket.I have thought long and hard about it and it's true.I would be a different person if my mom hadn't turned a silly bicycle accessory into a life lesson I carry with me today.

　　My mother and father were united in their way of raising children，but it mostly fell to my mother to actually carry it out.Looking back，I honestly don't know how she did it.Managing the family budget must have been a very hard task，but she made it look effortless.If we complained about not having what another kid did，we'd hear something like，“I don't care what so­and­so got for his birthday，you are not getting a TV in your room/a car for your birthday/a lavish sweet­16 party.”We had to earn our allowance (零用钱) by doing chores around the house.I can still remember how long it took to polish the legs of our coffee table.My brothers can no doubt remember hours spent cleaning the house.Like the two little girls growing up at the White House，we made our own beds (no one left the house until that was done) and picked up after ourselves.We had to keep track of our belongings，and if something was lost，it was not replaced.

　　It was summer and，one day，my mother drove me to the bike shop to get a tire fixed—and there it was in the window.White，shiny，plastic and decorated with flowers，the basket winked at me and I knew—I knew—I had to have it.

　　“It's beautiful，” my mother said when I pointed it out to her.“What a neat basket.”

　　I tried to hold off at first.I played it cool for a short while.But then I guess I couldn't stand it any longer：“Mom，please can I please，please get it？I'll do extra chores for as long as you say.I'll do anything，but I need that basket.I love that basket.Please，Mom.Please？”

　　I was desperate.

　　“You know，”she said，gently rubbing my back while we both stared at what I believed was the coolest thing ever，“If you save up you could buy this yourself.”

　　“By the time I make enough it'll be gone！”

　　“Maybe Roger here could hold it for you，”she smiled at Roger，the bike guy.

　　“He can't hold it for that long，Mom.Someone else will buy it.Please，Mom，please？”

　　“There might be another way，”she said.

　　And so our paying plan unfolded.My mother bought the beautiful basket and put it safely in some hiding place I couldn't find.Each week I eagerly counted my growing savings increased by extra work here and there (washing the car，helping my mother make dinner，delivering or collecting things on my bike that already looked naked without the basket in front)．And then，weeks later，I counted，re­counted and jumped for joy.Oh，happy day！I made it！I finally had the exact amount we'd agreed upon. ...

　　Days later the unthinkable happened.A neighborhood girl I'd played with millions of times appeared with the exact same basket fixed to her shiny，new bike that already had all the bells and whistles.I rode hard and fast home to tell my mother about this disaster.This horrible turn of events.

　　And then came the lesson I've taken with me through my life：“Honey，your basket is extra­special，”Mom said，gently wiping away my hot tears.“Your basket is special because you paid for it yourself.”

　　6．What can we learn from the first two paragraphs?

　　A．The children enjoyed doing housework.

　　B．The author came from a well­off family.

　　C．The mother raised her children in an unusual way.

　　D．The children were fond of the US president's daughters.

　　7．When the author saw the basket in the window，she ________.

　　A．fell in love with it

　　B．stared at her mother

　　C．recognized it at once

　　D．went up to the bike guy

　　8．Why did the author say many “pleases” to her mother?

　　A．She longed to do extra work.

　　B．She was eager to have the basket.

　　C．She felt tired after standing too long.

　　D．She wanted to be polite to her mother.

　　9．By using “naked”(Paragraph 12)，the author seems to stress that the basket was ________.

　　A．something she could afford

　　B．something important to her

　　C．something impossible to get

　　D．something she could do without

　　10．To the author，it seemed to be a horrible turn of events that ________.

　　A．something spoiled her paying plan

　　B．the basket cost more than she had saved

　　C．a neighborhood girl had bought a new bike

　　D．someone else had got a basket of the same kind

　　11．What is the life lesson the author learned from her mother?

　　A．Save money for a rainy day.

　　B．Good advice is beyond all price.

　　C．Earn your bread with your sweat.

　　D．God helps those who help themselves.

　　【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述妈妈通过一件事给作者的教诲：作者看中了一款塑料的自行车篮，妈妈让作者通过自己的劳动赚钱去买。等作者终于拥有了这个车篮时，却发现邻家女孩的自行车上也有了一样的，其他的装备还更齐全，这让作者伤心不已。妈妈告诉她，自己付出劳动换来的果实更甜。

　　6．解析：推理判断题。通过第一段的Two things changed my life: my mother...以及第二段的We had to earn our allowance by doing chores around the house.以及下面的举例可知，妈妈改变了“我”的生活。我们必须通过干家务来赚零用钱，通过这些可以看出，妈妈养育孩子的方式是不同寻常的(unusual)，故选C项。A、B、D三项在文中未提及。

　　答案：C　

　　7．解析：细节理解题。根据题干的“当作者看到橱窗里的车篮时”将答案锁定在第三段。通过White，shiny，plastic and decorated with flowers，the basket winked at me and I knew—I knew—I had to have it.可以看出，作者对于塑料制成的装饰着花儿的白色车篮一眼就喜欢上了， 故选A项。B、C、D三项在文中未提及。

　　答案：A　

　　8．解析：推理判断题。当作者看中了这个塑料自行车篮之后，一再恳求妈妈。由“Mom，please can I please，please get it？”“I love that basket.Please，Mom.Please？”“Someone else will buy it.Please，Mom，please？”这些恳求可以看出，作者渴望马上拥有这个车篮，生怕自己攒够钱再来买时它已经被卖掉了，因此选B项。她并非渴望做额外工作，只是想让妈妈给她买下车篮，故A项错误；C项“站了好久之后，她感觉很累”在文中未提及，故排除；此处不是表示礼貌，而是表明作者一种期盼的心情，故D项错误。

　　答案：B　

　　9．解析：推理判断题。由画线词所在语境可知，作者说自己的自行车前端没有车篮，看起来赤裸裸的(naked)，几周后，作者攒够了钱，想到即将拥有这个车篮，作者感到非常快乐：...I counted，re­counted and jumped for joy.从这些信息看，画线词所在句子是为了渲染作者非常渴望拥有这个车篮。因此选B项。

　　答案：B　

　　10．解析：推理判断题。由题干的a horrible turn of events将答案锁定在倒数第二段。作者看到邻家女孩的自行车上有和自己一样的车篮，而且对方的自行车上还有all the bells and whistles，这让作者受不了了，自己钟爱的车篮别人也有，而且人家的自行车装备更齐全，因此选D项。本题最大的干扰项是A项，表示意外的事情使作者没有实现买车篮的计划，这不符合文章的叙述。

　　答案：D　

　　11．解析：推理判断题。文章最后作者的母亲说“Your basket is special because you paid for it yourself.”，由此推断出选C项“自食其力”。A项“未雨绸缪”，文章没说做事前做好筹备；B项“忠言无价”，妈妈的话是忠言，但文章的本意并非强调“忠言无价”；D项“天助自助者”，也不是作者从妈妈身上学到的，这个很容易排除。

　　答案：C　

　　.

　　Five Things Nobody Told Me about College

　　As I type this，I am in my university dorm room.A year ago，when I was awaiting to hear the results of my college applications，I often went to websites for some type of insider look on what college would be like.However，there's only so much that prep books，websites，and older friends can teach.Here are the top 5 things nobody told me about college：

　　1．________

　　Nobody entering a university knows exactly what they want to study.If they tell you otherwise，they're lying and will probably change what they want to pursue within the first quarter of attendance.During my first quarter at University of California，Riverside (UCR)，I thought that I wanted to study Political Science with its focus on International Affairs，so that's what I applied for.However，once I worked with statewide and local government，I realized that a better fit for me would be Public Policy，and now I am in the process of changing my area.

　　2．________

　　In college，there are so many good chances for you to meet your expectations.However，there is a very important difference between wanting to do something and applying for something.In order for you to take full advantage of the conferences，research，internships (实习)，and fellowships that your university offers，apply！Step into your academic advisor's office，introduce yourself，and begin making the valuable connections that are necessary to help during the rest of your college career.Great things happen when you step out of your comfort zone，and you would be surprised on how many chances exist if you just ask.

　　3．________

　　College is where you meet your bridesmaids，groomsmen，neighbors，and potential bosses.The relationships you develop now will probably be linked to the ones you value later，so be wise about the people who you invest yourself in.You are only one person，and you do not have time to waste on people who would rather cause drama or mess up with your purpose.Surround yourself with uplifting individuals who challenge you to be better while loving you for who you are，and be patient to the people who are the complete opposite of that description.

　　4．________

　　As a first­year，I was afraid to make any noise towards campus issues that I noticed.It was not until I became involved in student government that I gained the confidence to handle projects that I created with the help of ASUCR Office of the President.During my first quarter，I spoke directly to the Chancellor (校长)，asking him for support towards my initiatives (提议)，met with the Vice Chancellors，and cooperated with my teaching assistants to begin my undergraduate research project.Nothing good will happen when you are silent.

　　5．________

　　At my high school，there were about only four active clubs and organizations that students could be a part of.Imagine my surprise when I stepped foot onto UCR's campus，where over 400 organizations exist，ranging from political organizations to karate club.You are not paying all of your tuition (学费) to merely go to class，study，pass tests and graduate.Make something worthy out of your experience.Create stories that you will want to tell your grandchildren one day.It all begins here，by signing up to join an organization.

　　A．Get involved in student activities

　　B．Your voice is actually super important

　　C．There is a significant increase of opportunities

　　D．Stay in active communication with your friends

　　E．Get smart about the people who you spend your time with

　　F．Your major does not matter as much in your first year of college

　　答案：

　　1．F　2.C　3.E　4.B　5.A