专题技能突破(9)语法填空之动词
【技能讲解】 1.若括号内提供的是动词，一般需要根据语境变成恰当的时态，如过去时、进行时、完成时；2.当主语和动词是被动关系时，还需要变成被动语态；3.当括号内给出的是动词，而且所在句子已经有了谓语，就要考虑使用非谓语动词来作状语、定语、补语等。在名词后时，常作定语，需要分析名词和动词的主被动关系，doing表主动、伴随，done表被动、完成。典例剖析1.[2015·课标全国卷]It was raining lightly when I
________ (arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn.
[答案] arrived 根据语境判断本空处时态应该和was一致，应填arrived。
2．[2015·广东高考]While making great efforts to run away, she ________ (fall) over the hill and died.
[答案] fell 根据上下文的时态推断用过去时fell。
3．[2016·宁夏平罗调研]I ________ (wear)glasses since I was in primary school and I hate them. They make me look like a bookworm.
[答案] have been wearing 句意：我从小学开始就一直戴眼镜。我讨厌眼镜，它们让我看起来像个书虫。根据since可知，动作从过去开始一直持续到现在，可用现在完成时或现在完成进行时。
4．[2015·广东高考]He sold or exchanged some of the milk in the towns nearby
for
other food and made cheese and butter for the family with what ________ (leave)．
[答案] was left 根据语境判断出what引导宾语从句，what在从句中作主语，leave和what之间是被动关系，应填was left。
5．[2016·安徽合肥联考]________ (surround)by beautiful green mountains and located at the foot of Lushan Mountain makes it a famous tourist attraction.
[答案] Being surrounded 句意：它被美丽的绿色的山包围着，而且位于庐山的山脚下，这使得它成为一个著名的旅游胜地。句子缺少主语，且surround与it之间是被动关系，所以用动名词的被动式。
6．[2015·课标全国卷]This cycle ________ (go) day after day: The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night.
[答案] goes 根据下文可知此处应为一般现在时。
7．[2015·课标全国卷]A study of travelers ________ (conduct) by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world.
[答案] conducted conduct和study是被动关系，所以用过去分词形式作study的后置定语。
8．[2015·天津高考] ________ (absorb) in painting, John didn't notice evening approaching.
[答案] Absorbed 由于全神贯注的画画，约翰没有察觉到夜幕降临了，结合固定搭配be absorbed in，可知用absorbed作原因状语。
9．[2015·广东高考]Since the plants took a while to grow, he started cutting down trees ________ (sell) the wood.
[答案] to sell 根据句意判断，砍树是为了卖木头，用to sell表目的。
10．[2015·浙江高考]Listening to music at home is one thing, going to hear it ________ (perform) live is quite another.
[答案] being performed performed作hear的补语，it与perform间为逻辑上的被动关系且表进行，故答案为being performed。
11．Mrs
Weldon ________ (weigh) only fifty kilograms, she looks as if she is very weak.
[答案] weighs weigh有及物动词、不及物动词两种用法，作及物动词时是“称……的重量”，作不及物动词时是“重……”，根据句意，应该是“Mrs Weldon重……”，所以weigh在本句中作不及物动词，无被动。再综合下文looks的时态，应填weighs。此处学生容易误填is weighed，有类似用法的还有measure。
技能点拨 对时间状语的分析，可以帮助判断合适的时态，如since, so far等常用完成时，ago, the other day等常用过去时。在对时态判断完成后，还要考虑语态是主动还是被动，综合时态语态的运用，才能做对题。
在现在分词和过去分词的选用中，判断主被动关系尤为重要。空白处作状语时，要判断空白处动词的逻辑主语和动词的关系；空白处作定语时，判断空白处动词与其修饰的名词的关系；空白处作宾补时，判断空白处动词与宾语的关系，主动关系选用现在分词，被动关系选用过去分词。
技能演练用括号内单词的正确形式填空
1．What Tai Chi does for the body
________ (attract) the attention of western scientists until now.
答案：has attracted 由until now判断使用完成时。
2．Since then, the little cloud ________ (travel) all over the world, enjoying the views of all the forests and beautiful countryside.
答案：has travelled 由 since then 判断使用完成时。
3．He ________ (eat) something at home when he received a strange phone call from a hospital.
答案：was eating “be doing...when...”固定用法。
4．Most of people think that the use of cellphones should
________ (ban) while they are driving, because in that case accidents can easily happen.
答案：be banned 开车打电话应是“被”禁止，注意ban，需双写n加ed。
5．Each year approximately 110 teachers and experts ________ (employ) from more than twenty countries to teach at BFSU.
答案：are employed 分析语境应用被动语态，注意employ后直接加ed，不需要变y为i。
6．Nowadays, the Chinese words “tuhao” have become so familiar to many Chinese people that they often play jokes on each other when
________ (chat) about the daily life.
答案：chatting chat和they是主动关系，用chatting作状语，注意chat为重读闭音节，需双写字母t。
7．Last night, there were millions of people
________ (watch) the opening ceremony live on TV.
答案：watching watch修饰people作定语，主动关系，用watching。
8．Storms that produced at least 13 tornadoes swept along New Mexico's border with Texas on Friday, ________ (destroy) homes and other building and injuring at least 16 people, authorities said.
答案：destroying 现在分词作结果状语表示“自然而然”或“意料之中”的结果。
9．When we saw the road ________ (block) with snow, we decided to spend the holiday at home.
答案：blocked blocked作saw的补语，和road是被动关系，用过去分词形式。
10．The thought of making an open fire outside at midday, and ________ (cook) in a large threelegged pot in that intense heat, was sufficient to upset even an angel.
答案：cooking cooking和making并列，作of 的宾语。
11．The days we spent at the Center inspired us boys ________ (reflect) on many things.
答案：to reflect “inspire sb. to do sth.”固定用法“鼓舞/激励某人做某事”。