2017高考英语阅读理解解析版汇编（82）
阅读理解A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Few laws are so effective that you can see results just days after they take effect.But in the nine days since the federal cigarette tax more than doubled－to $1.01 per pack－smokers have jammed telephone “quit lines” across the country seeking to kick the habit.
This is not a surprise to public health advocates.They've studied the effect of state tax increases for years，finding that smokers，especially teens，are price sensitive.Nor is it a shock to the industry，which fiercely fights every tax increase.
The only wonder is that so many states insist on closing their ears to the message.Tobacco taxes improve public health，they raise money and most particularly，they deter people from taking up the habit as teens，which is when nearly all smokers are addicted.Yet the rate of taxation varies widely.
In Manhattan，for instance，which has the highest tax in the nation，a pack of Marlboro Light Kings，cost $10.06 at one drugstore Wednesday.In Charleston，S.C.，where the 7 cent a pack tax is the lowest in the nation，the price was $4.78.
The influence is obvious.
In New York，high school smoking hit a new low in the latest surveys－13.8%，far below the national average.By comparison,26% of high school students smoke in Kentucky.Other low tax states have similarly depressing teen smoking records.
Hal Rogers，Representative from Kentucky，like those who are against high tobacco taxes，argues that the burden of the tax falls on lowincome Americans “who choose to smoke.”
That's true.But there is more reason in keeping future generations of lowincome workers from getting hooked in the first place.As for today's adults，if the new tax drives them to quit，they will have more to spend on their families，cut their risk of cancer and heart disease and feel better.
【语篇解读】 烟草税增加后，取得了立竿见影的效果——许多烟民纷纷戒烟。然而有些地方却对此充耳不闻，中学生吸烟的比例居高不下。本文让我们意识到：从长远看，通过增加烟草税而使人们戒烟是泽被千家万户的大事。
1．The text is mainly about ________.
A．the price of cigarettes
B．the rate of teen smoking
C．the effect of tobacco tax increase
D．the differences in tobacco tax rate
解析 主旨大意题。本文主要谈论的是烟草税增加后取得的明显效果以及给人们带来的益处。A、B、D三项均为文章的某一方面。
答案 C
2．What does the author think is a surprise?
A．Teen smokers are price sensitive.
B．Some states still keep the tobacco tax low.
C．Tobacco taxes improve public health.
D．Tobacco industry fiercely fights the tax rise.
解析 事实细节题。由第三段第一句可知，唯 一让人吃惊的是，有些州对此充耳不闻，也就是继续保持低烟草税。
答案 B
．Rogers' attitude towards the lowincome smokers might be that of ________.
A．tolerance
B．unconcern
C．doubt
D．sympathy
解析 推理判断题。Roger认为高烟草税是把税收负担加到了低收入的烟民身上，故应该持同情态度。
答案 D
．What can we learn from the last paragraph?
A．The new tax will be beneficial in the long run.
B．Lowincome Americans are more likely to fall ill.
C．Future generations will be hooked on smoking.
D．Adults will depend more on their families.
解析 推理判断题。由全文最后一句可知，增加烟草税促使烟民戒烟，可让他们有更多的时间与家人团聚，减少癌症和心脏病的发病率，从长远看，是一件有益的事情。
答案 A
阅读理解A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Some people will do just about anything to save money.And I am one of them.Take my family's last vacation.It was my six－year－old son's winter break from school，and we were heading home from Fort Lauderdale after a weeklong trip.The flight was overbooked，and Delta，the airline，offered us $400 per person in credits to give up our seats and leave the next day.I had meetings in New York，so I had to get back.But that didn't mean my husband and my son couldn't stay.I took my nine－month－old and took off for home.
The next day，my husband and son were offered more credits to take an even later flight.Yes，I encouraged—okay，ordered—them to wait it out at the airport to “earn” more Delta Dollars.Our total take：$1,600.Not bad，huh?
Now some people may think I'm a bad mother and not such a great wife either.But as a big－time bargain hunter，I know the value of a dollar.And these days，a good deal is something few of us can afford to pass up.
I've made a living looking for the best deals and exposing(揭露) the worst tricks.I have been the consumer reporter of NBC's Today show for over a decade.I have written a couple of books including one titled Tricks of the Trade：A Consumer Survival Guide.And I really do what I believe in.
I tell you this because there is no shame in getting your money's worth.I'm also tightfisted when it comes to shoes，clothes for my children，and expensive restaurants.But I wouldn't hesitate to spend on a good haircut.It keeps its shape longer，and it's the first thing people notice.And I will also spend on a classic piece of furniture.Quality lasts.
1．Why did Delta give the author's family credits?
A．They took a later flight.
B．They had early bookings.
C．Their flight had been delayed.
D．Their flight had been cancelled.
解析 细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“...give up our seats and leave the next day.”可知答案。
答案 A．What can we learn about the author?
A．She rarely misses a good deal.
B．She seldom makes a compromise.
C．She is very strict with her children.
D．She is interested in cheap products.
解析 推理判断题。根据文章第三段中“But as a bigtime bargain hunter, I know the value of a dollar. And these days, a good deal is something few of us can afford to pass up.”可知作者自称是一个一流的杀价者，并且说一笔好的交易是很少有人能够拒绝的，因此作者不会错过一笔好买卖的，答案为A项。
答案 A
．What does the author do?
A．She's a teacher.
B．She's a housewife.
C．She's a media person.
D．She's a businesswoman.
解析 细节理解题。根据文章第四段第二句“I have been the consumer reporter of NBC's Today show for over a decade.”可知作者是一位媒体工作者。
答案 C
．What does the author want to tell us?
A．How to expose bad tricks.
B．How to reserve airline seats.
C．How to spend money wisely.
D．How to make a business deal.
解析 写作意图题。文章最后一段讲述了如何明智地花钱，即如何让钱花得更值得，故答案为C项。
答案 C
阅读理解A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A MENTORING(导师制) program is giving life changing opportunities to Banbury youth.
Young Inspirations was founded two years ago to provide mentoring sessions for students and unemployed young adults aged 11 to 21.
Alex Goldberg，the program's founder，said：“We set up Young Inspirations because we wanted to give young people experiences which will potentially be life changing and broaden their outlook.”
“We try to create work experience opportunities that will really make a difference to our youth.For example，we've secured internships(实习) with worldfamous firms such as Honda.”
“At a time of funding cutbacks where schools are finding it more and more difficult to offer this kind of mentoring，it is extremely important that these opportunities are available both to help youth with their school work and grades and to give them opportunities which may help shape their futures.” Kieran Hepburn,14，is one of a group of Banbury youth who has benefited from the program so far.In October the Banbury School pupil was accompanied by Young Inspirations staff to Paris where he was an observer at the United Nations Educational，Scientific and Cultural Organization's (UNESCO) International Youth Forum(论坛)．
The event was held for young people from around the world，to seek their views on how the future of youth and education should look.Kieran joined several hundred observers mostly in their 20s and was the only UK school pupil to attend the event.Kieran thinks the trip was a life changing experience.“Before we left I didn't quite know what to make of it but when we got there we didn't stop，it was amazing，” he said，“We went to three or four hours of debates each day and then did something cultural each afternoon.”
The main theme of the forum was how youth can drive change in political and public life.It dealt with issues(问题) such as drug abuse，violence and unemployment.
Kieran said：“It has really helped me to improve my confidence and social skills as well as my school grades and I was voted most improved pupil at school in August.”
The Young Inspirations mentoring sessions take place each Friday in Banbury.For details visit www.younginspirations.com.
1．The Young Inspirations mentoring program aims to
______.
A．train staff for worldfamous firms
B．offer job opportunities to young adults
C．provide youth with unique experiences
D．equip the unemployed with different skills
解析 细节理解题。由第三段中的“‘We set up Young Inspirations because we wanted to give young people experiences...'”可知目的是给青年提供独特的经历。
答案 C
．According to Alex Goldberg，it is difficult for schools to offer the mentoring due to ________.
A．the lack of support from firms
B．the cultural differences
C．the effect of unemployment
D．the shortage of money
解析 推理判断题。由第五段中的“funding cutbacks”(削减资金)可知，缺乏资金给导师制的发展带来了困难。
答案 D
．We can learn from the passage that ________.
A．the visit to the United Kingdom was amazing
B．Kieran has made great progress in many aspects
C．the youth have found a way to solve their problems
D．the mentoring sessions are held every day except Friday
解析 推理判断题。由文章倒数第二段中的“‘It has really helped me to improve my confidence and social skills as well as my school grades and I was voted most improved pupil at school in August.'”可知Kieran在很多方面取得了进步。故选B项。
答案 B
．What would be the best title for the passage?
A．Alex Goldberg，Founder of Young Inspirations
B．Young People Find a World of Opportunity
C．Kieran，Banbury School Pupil to Paris
D．Debates Help Youth with Their Grades
解析 标题归纳题。本文主要就Alex Goldberg创建了导师制，给青年人提供了了解社会、获得社会经验的机会，最后这个项目扩大到国际范围，给青年人改变自己和社会的机会。所以正确答案为B。
答案 B
阅读理解, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。
The Pacific Ocean is the largest of the world’s four oceans. Its name comes from the Latin meaning “peaceful sea”， and was given by the Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan, whose voyage was plain there.
However, the Pacific is not always peaceful. Its islands are often hit by typhoons, and the countries surrounding it have many volcanoes and are often hit by earthquakes. Tsunamis
(海啸 ), caused by underwater earthquakes, have destroyed many low－lying coastal towns.
The Ocean contains about 46% of Earth’s surface water, and makes up about 32% of its total surface area, more than all of the planet’s land areas.
The equator (赤道) divides it into the North Pacific and the South Pacific Oceans, the latter of which contains most of its largest 25,000 islands. The largest landmass entirely within the Pacific Ocean is the island of New Guinea, with Australia to its south；it has been the world’s second－largest island since separating from the Australian mainland.The lowest point on Earth, the Mariana Trench (海沟), lies 10,911 meters below the surface of the Pacific, but the Ocean’s average depth is 4,280 meters.
The water temperature of the Pacific varies from freezing at the poles to about 300C near the equator. Its salinity (盐分) also varies from place to place. The water near the equator is less salty because of the rainfall there, but at the poles salinity is also low, because little evaporation (蒸发) takes place in the cold water of these areas.
The exploitation (开采) of the Pacific’s mineral wealth is difficult in its deeper parts. However, in the shallow waters of the continental shelves off the coasts of Australia and New Zealand, oil and natural gas are exploited, and pearls are harvested along the coasts of Australia, Japan, Nicaragua and the Philippines.
The Pacific’s greatest wealth is its fish, but the fishing industry has been harmed greatly by marine pollution. The biggest harm comes from rivers that carry into the Ocean many chemicals used as fertilizers in agriculture, as well as waste. These days many countries are coming together to try to protect the Ocean.
1. Ferdinand Magellan gave the Ocean its name because he________.
A. expected to live a peaceful life
B．hoped there would be no more wars
C．came upon no serious storms while crossing it
D．expected to stay safe and healthy there
2. From the passage, what do we know about the Pacific Ocean?
A．It contains about 32% of the Earth’s surface water.
B．It has suffered many natural disasters.
C．Its deeper parts haven’t been exploited.
D．New Guinea is on the north of it.
3. Why is the water at the poles less salty?
A．Little of it turns into steam.
B．There is abundant rainfall there.
C．The ocean currents are slow there.
D．Melting snow adds water to the ocean.
4. We can infer from the passage that________.
A. countries near the Ocean benefit from being on it
B．pearls are a major source of income in Japan
C．most people prefer to live near the Ocean
D．all the countries along the Ocean are developed
[解题导语] 本文从几个方面简要介绍太平洋。
1.解析：选C。细节理解题。根据whose voyage was plain there可知选C。plain sailing意为“一帆风顺”。
2.解析：选B。细节理解题。根据第一段可知选B；根据第二段可知A、D表述错误；文章倒数第二段提到太平洋的深层很难开采，但并没有提到没开采过，故C项表述错误。
3．解析：选A。 细节理解题。根据第三段中because little evaporation takes place in the cold water of these areas可知A正确。因为那儿的海水几乎没有蒸发。B项是赤道附近盐度低的原因。
4.解析：选A。推理判断题。从倒数第二段可知那些太平洋的周边国家从海洋的丰富资源中获益不少，因此选A。
阅读理解, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。
For more than nine days，for more than 60 miles，thousands of Beijingbound vehicles have come to an almost total stop on highways called the 6 and 110 that run from Inner Mongolia southeast to the nation's capital.Bai Xiaolong，a 30yearold truck driver，says it took him five days to make the 350mile journey from Inner Mongolia to Tianjin.He spent much of that time reading，textmessaging and sleeping rather than speeding up.“There was one day that I didn't move，not even an inch，”said Bai，an inhabitant of Jining in Inner Mongolia，a city at the western end of the traffic jam.
Chinese officials said that the congestion is mainly because of the maintenance(维护)projects that began in midAugust and are scheduled to be completed in midSeptember.Trucks carrying 8 tons or more of coal or fruit have been responsible for damaging the roadway，thus making the work necessary.
Drivers who often use the route know that heavy traffic has long been a fact of life.“The problem is really that there're too many cars and trucks and not enough lanes(车道)，”Bai said.“We drivers are used to this sort of thing happening.”
The two national freeways are heavily used by trucks carrying coal from the recently opened fields of Inner Mongolia to China's coastal cities.
The seemingly endless jam began on the 6 and spread to the 110，which runs parallel(平行的)，when officials sought to ease the traffic on the 6.
The Global Times，and Englishlanguage newspaper，said the jam had eased somewhat in the last two days，but inhabitants of the region say the congestion simply spilled out onto other roads.
The congestion has created an economy of its own.Vendors(小贩)sell boxed lunches，noodles and drinking water to the travelers，often at jackedup prices.And because of the longstanding problems along the highways，dozens of small hotels have appeared，attracting drivers who need a stop to catch more serious sleep.
1．According to the text，the 110 was mainly damaged by________.
A．too many carsB．bad weather
C．poor maintenanceD．heavy trucks
答案：D 细节理解题。根据文章第四段最后一句及第六段可知，导致这条国道毁坏的主要原因是那些重型卡车，故选D项。2．What can we infer from the text?
A．Bai Xiaolong was born in Tianjin.
B．The problem of traffic jams in China will be solved soon.
C．Chinese officials think it is necessary to build more lanes.
D．The local people don't think the congestion has eased.
答案：D 推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段中的inhabitants of the region say the congestion simply spilled out onto other roads可知，当地居民认为交通堵塞只是转移到了别的道路上，也就是说他们认为当地的交通拥堵并没有得到缓解。
3．The underlined word“jackedup”in the last paragraph probably means“________”．
A．high
B．right
C．special
D．low
答案：A 猜测词义题。因为堵车所以司机被困在那里，他们需要吃的和喝的，而一些商贩发现了这个商机，往往哄抬物价，司机们别无选择，由此可猜测出该词的意思为“很高的”。
4．What would be the best title of the passage?
A．The congestion creates an economy of its own
B．Traffic jam near Beijing stretches on for days
C．The traffic has improved in Beijing
D．Truck drivers in China live a hard life
答案：B 标题归纳题。本文报道了一次严重的交通堵塞。60多英里的道路变成了停车场，足足堵了九天多的时间，B作为标题最合适。