2017高考英语阅读理解解析版汇编（109）
阅读理解Hispanic Heritage Month(拉丁文化月)is the period when people recognize the contributions of Hispanic Americans to the United States and celebrate Hispanic culture. Hispanic Heritage Week was approved by President Lyndon Johnson in 1968 and was expanded by President Ronald Reagan in 1988 to cover a 30-day period starting on September 15 and ending on October 15. The law came into force on August 17, 1988.
September 15 was chosen as the starting point for the celebration because it is the anniversary of independence of five Latin American countries: Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras and Nicaragua. They all declared independence in 1821. In addition, Mexico, Chile and Belize celebrate their independence days on September 16, September 17 and September 18.
Hispanic Heritage Month also celebrates the long and important presence of Hispanic Americans in North America. A map of late 18th century North America shows this presence, from San Francisco to Florida. Spanish explorers traveled further north along the Pacific Coast to Canada in 1774 and by the late 18th century they had established a military post on Vancouver Island, 350 miles north of Seattle. The Spanish sailed up the Atlantic Coast through the Chesapeake Bay in 1526, then called the Bahia de Santa Maria, about 80 years before the romanticized English encounter with Pocahontas. In the 1520s Spanish navigators also explored as far north as Cape Cod, Massachusetts, and the present site of Bangor, Maine. The Spanish settled in the southwest of North America in the 16th century and officially founded Santa Fe, New Mexico in 1610.
About 47 million people in the United States are Hispanic Americans. Their families come from countries where people speak Spanish.
Here are some ways you can take part in this special month.
Move Your Feet
Music is a big part of Hispanic life. People don’t just listen. They get up and dance!
Play a Game
Pinatas are toys filled with treats. Kids take turns trying to break a pinata with a stick. They pick up the treats that fall out.
Wrap It Up
The tortilla is a popular food. It is a type of flat bread. It is often filled with meat, beans, tomatoes and cheese. Then it is wrapped up and eaten. Yum!
Speak Spanish
Many Hispanic Americans speak two languages—Spanish and English. Say“hola”. That means“hello”in English.
【文章大意】本文主要介绍了美国拉丁文化月的一些情况。
1. The first paragraph is mainly about .
A. the establishment of Hispanic Heritage Month
B. the celebrations during Hispanic Heritage Month
C. the contributions of Hispanic Americans
D. the importance of Hispanic culture
【解析】选A。段落大意题。第一段主要讲的是在美国两任总统的努力下, 美国拉丁文化月最终建立。
2. What do we know about Hispanic Heritage Month?
A. It was first celebrated in 1968.
B. It honors some famous Hispanic Americans.
C. It is celebrated mainly in Latin America.
D. The biggest celebrations take place on September 16～18.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。由文章第三段中的Hispanic Heritage Month also celebrates the long and important presence of Hispanic Americans in North America. 可知, 举办拉丁文化月也是为了纪念一些著名的拉丁裔美国人。
3. We can learn from the passage that .
A. pinatas are made of sticks
B. tortillas are a kind of food for children
C. Mexico declared independence on September 15
D. Hispanic Americans had an influence on 18th century’s America
【解析】选D。细节理解题。由文章第三段中的A map of late 18th century North America shows this presence, from San Francisco to Florida. 可知, 拉丁裔美国人在十八世纪已经产生影响力了。
4. What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage?
A. To encourage people to get involved in Hispanic Heritage Month.
B. To introduce Hispanic Heritage Month briefly.
C. To show the achievements of Hispanic Americans.
D. To introduce the history of Latin American countries.
【解析】选B。写作意图题。本文主要介绍美国拉丁文化月的建立及拉丁文化月期间举办的一些活动。
阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。
(原创)“Did you come alone or with your parents? ”When Tsinghua University’s new 2017 freshmen arrived on campus late last month, the first question they were faced with at the registration desk was the above. According to statistics, we know that more than half of the 539 students came alone. Chen Jining, president of Tsinghua University, encouraged them to “start this new adventure by standing on your own two feet”.
To help freshmen grow up, some universities have thought of new methods. At Tsinghua, for example, freshmen need to register and find their dormitory by themselves. The process requires two to three hours, during which volunteers take parents on a tour of the campus. At Zhejiang University, a banner hanging in the information center says“Parents let go please; let us guide your children. ”“Often parents like to do things or make decisions for their children. In their eyes, children never grow up, ”said Lu Guodong, dean(系主任)of undergraduate studies at Zhejiang University. “But at university, growing up is the goal for all students. Growing up is the biggest success. In China, students grow up too slowly as parents are always in charge. Students never think about what path they should take and why, ”he said.
Zhang Yanxue, a senior student studying Chinese language and literature at the Communication University of China, is president of the Self-improvement Society. Although most students can finish the registration process by themselves, their parents usually prefer accompanying them to the university. “This is the third time I’ve welcomed freshmen and I didn’t see much change in that regard, ”Zhang said. “The number of students who came alone is the same as in previous years. ”
Sometimes, however, the distance between university and home is so great that many parents are too worried to let their children travel alone. To reassure parents, Renmin University of China introduced a new method. It asks senior students to return to their hometown and accompany freshmen back to the campus. This helps freshmen get used to living independently.
“Students should have an independent character and a dream. Learning how to use that independent character to achieve their dreams and finish tasks assigned by the country is very important, ”said Tsinghua University President Chen.
【文章大意】9月第一周, 各大高校已陆续进入开学季。近日, 一些提倡新生独立报到的举措引发公众热议。有人认为这是新生学习独立的第一步, 很有教育意义。
1. How many universities are mentioned in the passage?
A. 4.
B. 3.
C. 5.
D. 6.
【解析】选A。细节理解题。第一段中的Tsinghua University; 第二段中的Zhejiang University; 第三段中的the Communication University of China; 第四段中的Renmin University of China。
. What’s the main idea of the passage?
A. Tsinghua University has thought of new methods to help freshmen grow up.
B. Universities take measures to help freshmen register.
C. Universities help freshmen to be independent.
D. University students lack independence.
【解析】选C。主旨大意题。A项为原文事实; B项以偏概全; D项只是阐述了一个存在的现象和事实; 整篇文章论述了几所大学在开学之初采取各种措施帮助新生提高独立自主的能力, 故C项正确。
3. What is Zhang Yanxue according to the passage?
A. Reporter.
B. Headmaster.
C. Teacher.
D. Student.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。通过第三段第一句话可知。
. What can we learn from the passage?
A. University freshmen lack independence.
B. Parents do what they can do for their children.
C. We should learn to practice our independence in daily life.
D. Teachers pay no attention to students’ character training.
【解析】选C。推理判断题。A、B两项只是阐述了一个存在的现象和事实; D项在原文中没有涉及; 只有C项与文章主题一致。
阅读理解(原创)Taking exams in a large group setting can be stressful for students and for the staff members who are watching over them.
When classrooms are crowded and desks are close together, cheating might be tempting.
One university in Thailand came up with an anti-cheating hat that makes it almost impossible for students to see other students’ papers. A photo of the students wearing the anti-cheating hats made its way to the Internet, and the university was criticized for making students wear those ridiculous looking homemade hats. The hats were made by stapling pieces of paper onto a headband, one to each side of the head.
After being criticized, senior academic staff at Kasetsart University in Bangkok, Thailand, released a statement saying that the hats idea came from students. They said that in a bid to prevent cheating they asked the students for ideas on how to prevent cheating in the upcoming exam, which was being taken by almost one hundred students. Students came up with different ideas, then the paper hat idea was selected by them as the most suitable.
The university claimed that no one was forced to use the hat, but they all chose to do so. “When wearing the hat during the exam, students felt more relaxed, ”Nattadon Rungruangkitkrai, a lecturer at the university said. “It was not meant to indicate that Kasetsart students often cheat on exams. I apologize if the photo makes other people look at my students in a negative way, ”Rungruangkitkrai added.
【文章大意】很多人在一起考试对监考老师来说压力不小。近日, 泰国某大学就想出了防作弊帽的点子, 这样就不用担心学生偷看其他人的试卷了。此举引起了广泛的争议。
1. According to the text, in which case cheating will become easy?
A. When desks are crowded into a classroom.
B. When too many students are sitting in a classroom.
C. When students are too stressful.
D. When the staff members who are watching over them are not responsible.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第二段When classrooms are crowded and desks are close together, cheating might be tempting. 可知本题选B。
2. Why was the university criticized?
A. The university was too strict.
B. The university prevented students cheating.
C. The university made students wear strange looking hats.
D. The students chose to use the hats.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。由第三段第二句中的the university was criticized for making students wear those ridiculous looking homemade hats. 可知本题选C。
3. What can we learn from the last two paragraphs?
A. The senior academic staff at the university made the paper hat idea.
B. The students felt more stressful when wearing the hat during the exam.
C. The students don’t like wearing the hats when taking the exam.
D. The students are not forced to wear the hats when taking the exam.
【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第四段及第五段的观点可知本题选D。
4. What’s the best title of the text?
A. How to make the anti-cheating hat
B. Anti-cheating hat was criticized
C. Anti-cheating hat
D. Anti-cheating hat was considered the most suitable choice
【解析】选C。主旨大意题。由全文可知, 文章主要介绍的是反作弊帽, 其他选项都是文章细节。故本题选C。
阅读理解I’ve spent over a year in India, and in those 365 plus days, I’ve learned a lot about getting around Indian cities. My biggest lessons have been learned through being cheated, particularly by taxi and rickshaw(人力车)drivers, but that doesn’t mean those are bad ways to travel, as long as you know what you’re doing. Below are the best ways to get around the city of Delhi, India, and tips for how to keep from being the victim of scams(欺诈).
Taking taxis is a great way to get around the city of Delhi and chances are, if you arrive in Delhi by plane, as soon as you make it through customs, you’ll be swarmed by Indian taxi drivers. At the Delhi airport, be sure to arrange for a taxi to your hotel at one of the two Delhi Traffic Police Taxi Booths. One is inside the airport, and one is outside. The key is to make sure to go to a booth run by the police, rather than by independent taxi drivers.
Rickshaws are one of my favorite ways to get around Indian cities, in part because it’s how the locals often travel. Auto-rickshaws are more common, but bicycle rickshaws are still used in Old Delhi. If you do have a chance to take a bicycle rickshaw, you should do it at least once for a unique experience that should only set you back about 15 rupees. Auto-rickshaw rates around Delhi range between 30 and 80 rupees, depending on distance.
If you really want to travel around Delhi like the locals, take a public bus. Indian buses become very crowded and most do not have air conditioning. They are, however, very cheap. A bus trip won’t set you back any more than 15 rupees, as long as you stay within the city limits. Since Indian buses get so crowded, try to board the bus at the start of the route so you can get a seat.
The train is a great way to get around within the city of Delhi. Fares are reasonable, between 6 and 22 rupees. All departure announcements are in both Hindi and English, and tokens can be purchased for between 6 and 22 rupees.
【文章大意】本文作者对于在印度德里旅行时提出了几点交通方面的建议。
1. The author is trying to in Delhi through this passage.
A. give some advice on traveling
B. expect us to travel around
C. show his/her experiences
D. explain the difficulties of traveling
【解析】选A。推理判断题。通读全文, 我们可以看出, 作者在本文中给读者提出了一些建议, 告诉读者在德里旅行时应注意的几点。因此, 本文的写作目的也就是要给读者提出建议。
2. To avoid being cheated, you ought to if you want to take a taxi at the Delhi airport.
A. pay more to the driver to keep safe
B. show your ticket to the driver
C. go to a police-run booth
D. go out of the airport
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第二段的最后一句, 我们可以知道, 在机场搭乘出租车时, 应到警察经营的摊位。
3. The author suggests taking a rickshaw in order to .
A. save some money
B. enjoy the comfortable trip
C. gain a unique experience
D. help the local rickshaw drivers
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第三段的第三句, 我们可以知道, 作者建议乘坐人力车以获得一种独特的体验。
4. What can we infer from the passage?
A. You won’t have to pay much if you travel around by bus in India.
B. It will be difficult for you to get a seat if you get on the bus halfway.
C. A rickshaw driver only charges whatever amount you give him.
D. You’ll have to speak English if you travel around in India.
【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第四段的最后一句, 我们可以知道, 为了上车后能有一个座位, 作者建议最好从起点站上车。这就意味着如果中途上车的话, 就很难有座位了。