2016届湖北武汉市高考英语阅读理解二轮基础训练（34）（含答案）

　　2016年湖北武汉市高考英语阅读理解二轮基础训练（34）（含答案）

　　【阅读理解】

　　Arthur

　　Miller(1915­2005)is universally

　　recognized

　　as one of the greatest dramatists

　　of the 20th

　　century. Miller's father

　　had

　　moved to the USA from Austria­Hungary, drawn like so many others by the“Great American

　　Dream”. However, he experienced severe financial hardship when his family business was ruined in the Great Depression of the

　　early 1930s.

　　Miller's most famous play, Death of a Salesman, is a powerful attack on the American system, with its aggressive way of doing business and its insistence on money and social status as indicators of worth. In Willy Loman, the hero of the play, we see a man who has got into trouble with this system.

　　Willy is “burnt out” and in the cruel world of business there is no room for sentiment: if he can't do the work, then he is no good to his employer, the Wagner Company, and he must go. Willy is painfully aware of this, and at a loss as to what to do with his lack of success. He refuses to face the fact that he has failed and kills himself in the end.

　　When it was first staged in 1949, the play was greeted with enthusiastic reviews，and it won the Tony Award for Best Play，the New York Drama Critics' Circle Award, and the Pulitzer Prize for Drama.It was the first play to win all three of these major awards.

　　Miller died

　　of heart failure at his home in Roxbury，Connecticut, on the evening of February 10, 2005, the 56th anniversary of the first performance of Death of a Salesman on Broadway.

　　本文讲述了亚瑟·米勒，美国著名的剧作家，以及他的著名的戏剧《男售货员之死》，当这部戏剧第一次搬上舞台时，赢得了巨大的成功，获得了三项大奖。

　　1. Why did Arthur Miller' s father move to the USA?

　　A. He suffered from severe hunger in his home country.

　　B. He was attracted by the “Great American Dream”．

　　C. He hoped to make his son a dramatist.

　　D. His family business failed.

　　答案：B。细节理解题。根据短文第一段第二句话“Miller's father had moved to the USA from Austria­Hungary，drawn like so many others by the ‘Great American Dream’．”可知答案。

　　．The play Death of a Salesman ________.

　　A. exposes the cruelty of the American business world

　　B. discusses the ways to get promoted in a company

　　C. talks about the business career of Arthur Miller

　　D. focuses on the skills in doing business

　　答案：A。细节理解题。根据短文第二段第三、四句话可知，Willy Loman已陷入美国社会制度的困境中，他已精疲力尽，在这残酷的商业世界中，他不知道应该怎样做，最后，他选择了自杀。由此可知A项正确。

　　. What can we learn about Willy Loman?

　　A. He treats his employer badly.

　　B. He runs the Wagner Company.

　　C. He is a victim of the American system.

　　D. He is regarded as a hero by his colleagues.

　　答案：C。推理判断题。由短文第二段可知，Willy Loman在这残酷的商业世界中，根本没有情感可言，但是他又不能对不起他的雇主和公司，他又不知道如何处理自己的失败，只有选择自杀，由此可知他是美国社会制度的牺牲品。

　　. After it was first staged, Death of a Salesman________.

　　A. achieved huge success

　　B. won the first Tony Award

　　C. was warmly welcomed by salesmen

　　D. was severely attacked by dramatists

　　答案：A。细节理解题。由短文第三段可知，戏剧Death of a Salesman第一次搬上舞台，就赢得了三项大奖，故A项正确。

　　. What is the text mainly about?

　　A. Arthur Miller and his family.

　　B. The awards Arthur Miller won.

　　C. The hardship Arthur Miller experienced.

　　D. Arthur Miller and his best­known play.

　　答案：D。主旨大意题。综观全文可知，本文主要讲述了亚瑟·米勒及他的名著Death of a Salesman，故D项正确。

　　Some people think that as more and more people have televisions in their homes，fewer and fewer people will buy books and newspapers. Why read an article in the newspaper，when the TV news can bring you the information in a few minutes and with pictures? Why read the life story of a famous man，when a short television program can tell you all that you want to know?

　　Television has not killed reading, however. Today，newspapers sell in very large numbers. And books of every kind are sold more than ever before. Books are still a cheap way to get information and enjoyment．Although some books with hard covers are expensive，many books are printed today as paperbacks(平装本)，which are quite cheap. A paperback collection of short stories，for example，is always cheaper than an evening at the cinema or the theater，and you can keep a book for ever and read it many times.

　　Books are a wonderful provider of knowledge and pleasure and some types of books should be in every home．Every home should have a good dictionary．A good encyclopedia(百科全书)，though expensive，is useful，too，because you can find information on any subject．Besides，you can have such books as history books，science textbooks，cookbooks，and collections of stories and poems．Then from time to time you can take a book of poems off your shelves and read the thoughts and feelings of your favorite poets.

　　1. It can be inferred from the passage that＿＿＿.

　　A．TV programs are a chief provider of knowledge

　　B．cinemas are the best choice in getting information

　　C．reading is a cheap way of learning and having fun

　　D．newspapers are an expensive way to enjoy oneself

　　．What does the sentence“Television has not killed reading，however.”underlined

　　in the second paragraph suggest?

　　A．People only need reading，though.

　　B．Reading is still necessary today.

　　C．Reading is more fun than television.

　　D．Watching television doesn’t help reading.

　　3．Which of the following is mainly discussed in the last paragraph?

　　A．Types of books.

　　B．Kinds of dictionaries．

　　C．Lists of history books．

　　D．Collections of stories and poems.

　　．What can we learn from the passage?

　　A．Fewer and fewer people will buy books．B．A good dictionary should be kept in every home．

　　C．Books with hard covers sell better than paperbacks. D．More people like TV programs about famous men．答案—4、.C B A B

　　2016高考训练题。阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。The Netherlands on Monday introduced its first-ever intelligent bicycle, fitted with electronic devices to help bring down the high accident rate among elderly cyclists in the bicycle-mad country.

　　Developed for the government by the Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research (TNO), the intelligent bicycle, runs on electricity. A commercial-available bicycle is expected to be on the market in the next two years and should sell for between 1, 700 to 3, 200 euros per bicycle.

　　The devices on the bike are linked through an onboard computer with a vibrating (震动的) warning system fitted in the bicycle's saddle and handlebars to warn cyclists of the coming danger.

　　The saddle vibrates when other cyclists approach from behind, while, the handlebars do the same when barriers appear ahead.

　　"Accidents often happen when cyclists look behind them or get a fright when they are passed at high speed," said Maurice Kwakkernaat, one of TNO's research scientists involved in the project. "The onboard system technology has already been at work in the car industry," he said.

　　''More and more elderly people are using a bicycle, not only for short distances, but also for longer distances," Dutch Environment and Infrastructure Minister Melanie Schultz van Haegen told AFP. "This type of bicycle is truly needed in the Netherlands because it will help us bring down the number of elderly people who are injured every year and allow them to continue to enjoy cycling," she said.

　　In the Netherlands, bicycles outnumber the population of 17 million by at least one million and there are some 25,000 km of bicycle path in the country. Those statistics are set to grow as more and more people take to two-wheeled transport, leading to an increased risk of injury.

　　Last year, 184 cyclists died in the country, of which 124, or 67%, were older than 65, according to the Central Statistics Office. The year before, 200 cyclists died, the majority of victims also being elderly.

　　The current model weighs 25 kilograms but researchers are working on making the onboard systems smaller.

　　1. The intelligent bicycle is aimed to ________.

　　A. protect the environment

　　B. help reduce traffic pressure

　　C. popularize the use of bicycles

　　D. improve safety for elderly cyclists

　　2. Which part of the intelligent bicycle will vibrate when another cyclist was suddendly found ahead ?

　　A. The handlebars.

　　B. The wheels.

　　C. The saddle.

　　D. The onboard computer.

　　3. We can learn from the passage that ________.

　　A. the elderly ride bicycles wherever they go B. the accident rate among elderly cyclists is high

　　C. the number of elderly cyclists is decreasing D. the elderly are planning to give up cycling

　　4. Which is the best title for the passage?

　　A. A Test Bicycle

　　B. Elderly Cyclists

　　C. A Smart Bicycle

　　D. A Bicycle-mad Country

　　参考答案1—4、DABC

　　【2016高考训练】

　　Winter 2017 will have an extended stay on America's calendar, according to today's annual Groundhog Day(土拨鼠日) forecasting event in Punxsutawney, Pennsylvania。

　　Each year on February 2nd, people from around the world, including 5,000 in the small town today, watch this tongue-twisting(发音饶舌的) small town for a sign from one groundhog that supposedly predicts when that year's spring will arrive:

　　If it's a cloudy day outside when the groundhog emerges from its cave, then spring will arrive early that year. However, if it is sunny outside, the groundhog will supposedly be scared by its own shadow, retreating underground for six more weeks of cold weather。

　　Of course, Punxsutawney Phil's prediction is no more able to guarantee the extended forecast than your local weatherman. ABC News reports that an analysis by the National Climate Data Center found that Phil's predictions are more often wrong than right.

　　Phil is also found to have made some unpleasant predictions. Ever since 1887, he has predicted 99 extended winters and just 16 early springs. Nine of the year's predictions were unavailable, according to ABC。

　　The holiday began as a German tradition in 18th century and became even more of a cultural phenomenon after the 1993 film Groundhog Day starring Bill Murray.

　　Punxsutawney Phil has become a celebrity in his own right. Each year, the fatter animal with long teeth is watched by millions as he emerges from a cave in the town he is named after. Phil has become so beloved by the town that he actually lives in the local library with his "wife" Phyllis。

　　Taking inspiration from the hard state of Bill Murray's character in the classic film, Yahoo contributor Owen Rust says Groundhog Day is a good time to reflect on one's routines。

　　1. Which is the best title for this passage?

　　A. Groundhog Day weather forecasting.

　　B. Winter 2017.

　　C. A tongue-twisting small town.

　　D. the National Climate Data Center.

　　2. The underlined word emerges means ______.

　　A. gets into

　　B. appears

　　C. increases.

　　D. hides

　　3. How is Punxsutawney Phil's prediction?

　　A. More exact than that the local weatherman does.

　　B. More often than that the local weatherman does.

　　C. Less often than that the local weatherman does.

　　D. Not exact enough to match with the fact.

　　4. The reason why Phil's predictions aren’t pleasing is ______.

　　A. Phil likes to make unpleasant predictions.

　　B. Phil wants to do that for fun.

　　C. He has predicted more extended winters.

　　D. He has predicted more late springs.

　　5. How does Punxsutawney Phil become a celebration?

　　A. By an accident.

　　B. From people’s life improving.

　　C. By his own attractive force.

　　D. From much money raised by the town.

　　本文为记叙文；记述了美国宾夕法尼亚州旁苏托尼镇，在第126届土拨鼠日，很多人聚集于此，见证当地最著名的天气预测土拨鼠“费尔”公布天气预测结果。

　　1.A。主旨大意标题题。本文大意为美国宾夕法尼亚州旁苏托尼镇，在第126届土拨鼠日，很多人聚集于此，见证当地最著名的天气预测土拨鼠“费尔”公布天气预测结果。故答案选A。其余选项是文章的部分内容。

　　2. B。词义猜测题。联系偶后文的the groundhog will supposedly be scared by its own shadow,理解此句意为：如果外面多云，土拨鼠从洞里出来，这一年就会有早春。这里是“出现”的意思。

　　3. D。事实细节题。从第四段信息句Of course, ---Climate Data Center found that Phil's predictions are more often wrong than right.理解到它的预测常常出错。故答案选D。

　　4. C。推理判断题。从第五段段意理解到他的预测令人不满意的是预测了更多的延长的冬天，只有少数早春，故答案选C。

　　5. C。细节理解题。从倒数第二段信息句Punxsutawney Phil has become a celebrity in his own right.理解得知他是靠自己的魅力成为一个庆典的。