2017届河南省鄢陵高考英语十月阅读理解语法填空训练：8（含解析）

　　河南鄢陵2017高考英语十月阅读理解语法填空训练（8）及答案

　　【由江苏省盐城市2017模拟改编】

　　阅读理解。阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

　　Air pollution is a leading cause of cancer and classified among Group 1,or top, human carcinogens (致癌物质), said the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), which is the World Health Organization's (WHO) cancer agency, on Oct 17,2017. The most widely used system for classifying carcinogens comes from the IARC, which places them into five groups. Group 1 carcinogens definitely cause cancer in humans. Group 2A is probably carcinogenic to humans, Group 2B is possibly carcinogenic, the carcinogenicity of Group 3 in humans is unclassifiable, and Group 4 is probably not carcinogenic to humans. Only a little more than 100 are classified as Group 1 cancer-causing substances, including ultraviolet radiation and tobacco smoke. “Our task was to evaluate the air everyone breathes rather than focus on specific air pollutants,” the lARC's Dana Loomis said in a statement. “The results from the reviewed studies point in the same direction: the risk of developing lung cancer is significantly increased in people exposed to air pollution.”

　　In 2010, lung cancer resulting from air pollution killed 223,000 people worldwide, and there was also convincing evidence that it increases the risk of bladder (膀腕) cancer, according to the IARC. Air pollution is already known to raise risks for a wide range of illnesses, including respiratory and heart diseases.

　　Air pollution is global, although the levels of it vary over space and time.

　　Loomis said people in Asia, eastern North America, some places in Central America and Mexico, as well as North Africa have relatively high exposure. Developing countries with large populations and booming manufacturing sectors, such as China, are particularly at risk.

　　Many cities in China, such as Beijing, frequently see smog. This week, Harbin, the capital city of Heilongjiang province, became the first Chinese city to officially suspend classes due to serious smog Many developed countries face similar problems, although to a lesser degree than most developing nations. In Europe, levels of many pollutants have fallen. But between 91 and 96 percent of Europeans living in cities are exposed to levels of PM2.5—tiny particles with a diameter of less than 2.5 micrometers—that are higher than the WHO safety limits, says a report published by the European Environment Agency on Oct 15.

　　Although both the composition and levels of air pollution can vary dramatically from one location to the other, the 1ARC said its conclusions apply to all regions of the world. “Given the scale of the exposure affecting people worldwide, this report should send a strong signal to the international community to take action without further delay,” said Christopher Wild, director of the IARC.

　　1、What might be the best title of the passage?

　　A．Signals of air pollution

　　B．Safety limits of air pollution

　　C．Air pollution, cancer risk

　　D．Air pollution, smog risk

　　What’s the main task of IARC?

　　A．To focus on cancer-causing substances.

　　B．To evaluate the air quality.

　　C．To study the developing risk of cancer.

　　D．To send signals to the international community.

　　Why should the international community take action without further delay?

　　A．The composition and levels of air pollution vary from place to place.

　　B．More and more people in developing countries are exposed to air pollution.

　　C．Developed countries face air pollution, the level of which is higher than the safety limits.

　　D．A large number of people worldwide are exposed to air pollution.

　　—3、C B D

　　【2016模拟题】 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

　　When I was 8 years old, I decided to run away from home after a quarrel with my mother. With my suitcase packed and some sandwiches in a bag, I started for the front door.

　　My mom asked where I was going. “I’m leaving home,” I said.

　　“What’s that you’re carrying?” she asked.

　　“Some clothes and food,” I replied.

　　“If you want to run away, that’s all right,” she said. “But you came into this home without anything and you can leave the same way.”

　　I threw my suitcase and sandwiches on the floor and started for the door again.

　　“Wait a minute,” Mom said. “You didn’t have any clothes on when you arrived, and I want them back.”

　　This infuriated me. I tore my clothes off — shoes, socks, underwear and all — and shouted, “Can I go now?”

　　“Yes,” my mom answered, “but once you close that door, don’t expect to come back.”

　　I was so angry that I shut the door forcefully and stepped out of my home. Then I noticed down the street two neighbor girls walking toward our house. I was so shy that I saw the big spruce (云杉) tree in our yard and jumped under the low-hanging branches. A pile of dried-up brown needles were beneath the tree, and you can’t imagine the pain those sharp needles caused to my body.

　　After I was sure the girls had passed by, I ran to the front door and knocked at it loudly.

　　“It’s Billy! Let me in!”

　　The voice behind the door answered, “Billy doesn’t live here anymore. He ran away from home.”

　　Looking behind me to see if anyone else was coming down the street, I said, “Mom! I’m sorry. I’m still your son. Let me in!”

　　The door opened and Mom’s smiling face appeared. “Did you change your mind about running away?” she asked.

　　“What’s for supper?” I smiled back.

　　1. When the author was leaving home, his mother ordered him to _____.

　　A. stay at home

　　B. take some sandwiches

　　C. leave everything behind

　　D. check his suitcase carefully

　　2. Which of the following can best describe the author’s mom?

　　A. Selfish and proud.          

　　B. Strict but loving.

　　C. Kind and helpful.            

　　D. Wise but impatient.

　　3. The underlined word “infuriated” probably means “_____”.

　　A. surprised                              B. warned    

　　C. encouraged                    D. angered

　　4. Why did the author jump under the low-hanging branches?

　　A. To avoid being seen.

　　B. To find some needles.

　　C. To play a joke on the two girls.

　　D. To attract the two girls’ attention.

　　5. The last sentence “What’s for supper?” mainly shows that the author _____.

　　A. felt very hungry at that time

　　B. changed his plan to leave home

　　C. wished to eat something before leaving

　　D. wanted to know what his mother prepared for supper

　　 (家庭)       本文是记叙文。作者在八岁的时候，因为与母亲吵架萌生离家出走的想法，然而在他准备迈出家门的那一刻，却被母亲拦住了，因为母亲向他提出了一个条件……

　　1. C。细节理解题。根据文中的But you came into this home without anything and you can leave the same way可知，在作者要离家出走时，母亲让他把所有的东西都留下。

　　2. B。推理判断题。让离家出走的儿子脱掉所有的衣服，显示母亲的苛刻，但母亲又让吃尽苦头要求回家的儿子进家门，由此可知，母亲对儿子又充满了爱。故选B项。

　　3. D。词义猜测题。根据划线词后的I tore my clothes off — shoes, socks, underwear and all — and shouted, “Can I go now?”可知，脱去衣服、大声喊叫的作者十分生气。故infuriated在此处有“激怒”的意思。

　　4. A。细节理解题。根据文中的 ... noticed down the street two neighbor girls walking toward our house. I was so shy that ... 可知，脱光了衣服的作者看到有人走过来，为了避免尴尬，跳到树丛中以免被人看到。

　　5. B。推理判断题。在树丛中受尽了苦头的作者，最后向母亲道歉，要求回家，他说“晚饭吃什么”暗含着他改变了离家出走的想法。

　　阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。

　　Today, ultrasonic(超声的) waves are being put to work in laboratories and factories. If an ultrasound generator is placed in a liquid, the waves move the liquid back and forth hundreds of thousands of times each second. This causes materials to mix quickly or to dissolve(使分解，使溶解) in liquids. Paint manufacturers(制造商) use ultrasound to do a better job of blending colors. The companies that make film for your camera find that mixing chemicals by the use of sound waves will produce a more sensitive film.

　　The new lightweight(轻量的) type of washing machine uses ultrasonic waves to get clothes clean. Its special ultrasound generator is put into a pail of soapy water containing the soiled clothes. The sound waves drive the soapy water back and forth through the cloth so fast that everything is soon clean. There is also a new kind of dishwasher that works in much the same way.

　　Ultrasonic waves can shake a liquid so fast that tiny holes form all through it. The liquid is actually torn apart by this action. Almost as soon as these holes are made, they fall together again. The result is a powerful pounding action. In the dairy industry this is used for the double purpose of making homogenized(使均匀，使匀质) milk and sterilizing(使无菌) it at the same time. If you look at some raw milk with a microscope, you find that it is made up of little drops of butter fat floating around in a watery liquid. In order to make milk easier to digest, these fat droplets(微粒) may be broken up by forcing the milk through very small openings. The result is called homogenized milk. When the ultrasonic method is used, the sound waves not only break up the droplets but also kill the germs in the milk by pounding them to pieces. (from www.nmet168.com)

　　1. Why does a paint manufacturer use ultrasound to do a better job of blending colors?

　　A. Because it is cheap to use ultrasound to blend colors.

　　B. Because the waves move the liquid so quickly that it can make materials mix quickly or dissolve in liquids.

　　C. Because they can mix chemicals by the use of sound waves.

　　D. Because the waves can clean the paint.

　　2. What properties does ultrasound wave have?

　　A. Homogenizes and sterilizes the milk.

　　B. Mix materials and break droplets.

　　C. Kill germs and sterilize milk.

　　D. Move liquids quickly.

　　3. What exists in the raw milk?

　　A. Little drops of butter fat.

　　B. Small holes.

　　C. Fat droplets and germs.

　　D. Chemicals.

　　4. Where is ultrasound wave not used?

　　A. In the paint manufacture.

　　B. In the shop mixing bread flour.

　　C. In the film-making company.

　　D. In the dairy industry.

　　1. B 事实细节题。根据其上句 This causes materials to mix quickly or to dissolve(使分解，使溶解) in liquids 可知，答案选 B。

　　2. D 事实细节题。根据文章最后一段的第 1 句 Ultrasonic waves can shake a liquid so fast that tiny holes form all through it可知，答案选 D。

　　3. C 事实细节题。根据文章最后一段的内容，特别是最后一句 When the ultrasonic method is used, the sound waves not only break up the droplets but also kill the germs in the milk by pounding them to pieces 可知，答案选 C

　　4. B 推理判断题。根据文章第 1 段最后提到的 Paint manufacturers(制造商)…以及The companies that make film… 两句排除选项 A、C，根据第 3 段第 5 句的 In the dairy industry this is used for… 排除选项 D，从而得出答案是 B。

　　广东省2017语法填空)

　　阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为1的相应位置上。One day a farmer’s donkey fell down into a well. The animal cried piteously ___1___ hours as the farmer tried to figure out what to do. Finally, he decided the animal was old, and the well needed ___2_______ (cover) up anyway; it just wasn't worth ___3____ to save the donkey.

　　He invited all his neighbors to come over and help him. They all grabbed a shovel（铲） and began to shovel dirt into the well. At first, the donkey realized ______ was happening and cried horribly. Then, to everyone’s amazement, he quieted down. A few shovel loads later, the farmer finally looked down the well. He _5_______ (astonish) at what he saw. With each shovel of dirt __6____ hit his back, the donkey was doing something _7______ (amaze). He would shake it off and take a step up.

　　__8____ the farmer’s neighbors continued to shovel dirt on top of the animal; he would shake it off and take a step up. Pretty soon, everyone was amazed as the donkey stepped up over __9____ edge of the well and happily ran off!

　　Each of our troubles is a steppingstone. We can get out of the deepest wells just ___10___ not giving up! Shake it off and take a step up.

　　【参考答案】（13）

　　1. for

　　2. covering/to be covered

　　3. it

　　4. what

　　5. was astonished

　　6. that/which

　　7. amazing

　　8. As

　　9. the

　　10. by

　　广东省2017语法填空 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为1的相应位置上。A new study from Finland shows pet owners tend to be heavier.

　　1

　　active and in poorer health than people without a pet, which was released in PLOS ONE, an online journal

　　2

　　(publish) by the Public Library of Science.

　　3

　　a number of studies showed certain people can take advantage of a dog or cat to ease stress or loneliness in the elderly, researchers recently found pet owners were generally more likely to be overweight and to view their own health

　　4

　　poor.

　　The conclusion

　　5

　　(draw) from survey data of more than 21,000 young to middle – aged Finnish adults.

　　This was

　　6

　　(large) because pet owners tended to be the middle – aged. 7

　　had less education and more health – risk factors explained Dr. Leena K. Koivusilta, the study is leading author.

　　The fact that pet owners were in poorer health does not mean pets are bad for people. Koivusilta said. “In my opinion, pets provide us all

　　8

　　a vast potential for health promotion, and this has indeed been shown when some special groups have been studied.”

　　As for pet owners, the researchers point out

　　9

　　need to make more of

　　10

　　effort –such as walking and playing with the dog instead of showing him the way to the yard.

　　【参考答案】（14）

　　1．less

　　．published

　　．although

　　．as

　　．was drawn

　　．largely

　　．who

　　．with

　　．they

　　．an