(1)I don’t know how to do it next. 我不知道下一步该怎么办。 (2)Why not discover what you enjoy and do that? 为什么不去发现你喜欢做的然后去做呢？ 特别提醒 疑问代词(who，which除外)后面须跟及物动词；若是不及物动词，后面须跟相应的介词。疑问副词后可以接不及物动词；若接及物动词，动词不定式须有自己的宾语。 特别提醒 多维训练 同义句改写 (1)He doesn’t know what he will talk about.(改为简单句)
(2)I really have no idea whether I will accept her invitation or not.(改为简单句)
(3)Why don’t you stop to have a rest？(用why not改写)
He doesn’t know what to talk about. I really have no idea whether to accept her invitation or not. Why not stop to have a rest? 答案
I had a similar experience the last time I visited China.上次访问中国时我的经历和你的差不多。 18. 句型公式：the last time引导时间状语从句 the last time作连词，引导时间状语从句。类似的还有：the moment，the minute，the second，the instant，the day，the week，the month，the year，each/every/next/any/last time，immediately，instantly，directly等。 (1)He paid back the money he owed us immediately he returned home. 他一回到家就把欠我们的钱还上了。 (2)Every time I see the old man in the park，he is absorbed in reading papers. 每次在公园里看到这位老人时，他都在专注地看报。 特别提醒 for the first time在句中只能作状语，不具有连词功能，不能用来引导状语从句。 特别提醒 (1)同义句改写
I fell in love with you the moment I saw you. ①
(用as soon as改写) ②
(用以-ly结尾的连词改写) (2)单句改错 Naturally，you were nervous when you went on the platform the first time.
I fell in love with you as soon as I saw you. I fell in love with you immediately/directly/instantly I saw you. platform后加for 答案 多维训练 单句语法填空 (1)I avoid
(meet) him，because I don’t like him. (2)I can’t afford
(buy) the car. (3)I didn’t mean
(hurt) you. (4)In some places，missing a bus means
(wait) for another hour. (5)The man
(stand) by the door is my English teacher. (6)The result of the game was
(disappoint). (7)Don’t keep the children
(work) on their lessons all day. (8)The fire lasted a whole night，
(cause) great damage. 单元语法 meeting to buy to hurt waiting standing disappointing working causing 答案 返回 在高考语境中提升解题技能 语境填词 1.Wherever human light spills into the natural world，some
(方面) of life is affected.(2015·浙江) 2.In a recent study，Professor Betsy Sparrow
(实施) some experiments.(2015·安徽) 3.It really benefited me a lot to
(预习) lessons，get actively involved in class，and review what had been taught after class.(2017·江西) aspect conducted preview 答案 4.Dr.Carter’s findings
(表明) that our culture might be formed through learning from each other.(2017·湖北) 5.At no time did they actually break the rules of the game. It was
(不公平的) to punish them.(2017·辽宁) indicate unfair 答案 单句语法填空 1.But it is useful to bear in mind
all such changes come from the technology and not some imagined desire by parents to keep their children under their wings.(2015·北京) 2.
(owe) to the bad weather，the journey was put off. 3.Started in the 1950s there is a wide variety of shoes and boots
(belong) to everyone from queens and presidents to pop stars and actors！(2017·安徽) that Owing belonging 答案 4.I think sometimes we attach too much importance
our phones so that we ignore our friends.(2017·重庆) 5.When deeply
(absorb) in work，which he often was，he would forget all about eating or sleeping.(2017·北京) 6.I’m very delighted to learn that you’re coming to our class to study with us as
exchange student next term.(2017·天津) 7.It was not until the 20th century that Great Britain became the first urban society in history—a society in which the majority of people
(live) in cities and do not farm for a living.(2017·北京) to absorbed an live 答案 8.People spend a lot of time pointing out bad
but it would be even more helpful if we’d publicly acknowledge good
when we see them.(manner)(2017·安徽) 9.
arrival，Jimmy found a long line of applicants waiting to be interviewed.(2017·山东) 10.Be careful if you smoke or have an
(outdoors) fire or barbecue—make sure ashes are cold before leaving.(2015·江苏) manners manners Upon/On outdoor 答案 短语填空 see...off，bring an end to，get used to，give...a lift，belong to，hang on，insist on，drop off 1.If men
being free from the burden of selfdependence and responsibility for the common good，they would cease to be free.(2015·江苏) 2.He said that although he couldn’t
，I should come back to his house for lunch.(2017·陕西) 3.One study shows that 53% of Americans
the lower class,46% the middle class，and 1% the upper class.(2017·陕西) insisted on give me a lift belong to 答案 4.With the help of Katia，a roommate of mine，I’ve soon
living without my parents around.(2011·重庆) 5.As I pulled the bus over to
a little girl，she handed me an earring saying I should keep it in case somebody claimed it.(2017·大纲全国Ⅱ) 6.We all went to the airport to
her
. 7.It’s hoped that the talks may
the violence. 8.
tight. We’re off ! got used to drop off see off bring an end to Hang on 答案 完成句子 1.Once we were discussing
. 有一次我们在讨论到哪儿去远足。(2015·浙江) 2.Mary will never forget
. 玛丽永远也不会忘记她第一次见到他的事。(2017·广东) 3.That can be annoying—
some people feel sick. 那可能很恼人的，那就是为什么有些人会感到恶心的原因。(2015·湖北) where to go for an outing the first time she saw him that’s why 答案 4.You can’t imagine what difficulty we had
in the snowstorm. 你难以想象我们在暴风雪中步行回家所面临的困难。 5.Thus，Papa insisted that
at least one new thing each day. 于是父亲主张我们每天至少学习一样新事物。(2015·福建) (in) walking home we learn 答案 写作素材 (关于文化素养) 1.大多数人认为，谦虚谨慎对所有的人来说都是一种社会美德。 2.另外，人们还认为积极道歉，宽恕别人也是一种有礼貌的表现。 3.但与我们的期望相反的是，许多人没有礼貌，他们也不勇于承认自己的错误。 提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达，并且请使用宾语从句和适当的过渡连接词等。 微写作 连句成篇 (将以上句子连成一篇60词左右的英语短文)
The majority of the people think that being modest and cautious is a society virtue for all the people.What’s more，it is thought that apologizing to others actively and forgiving others are also good manners.But contrary to our expectations，many people not only have bad manners but don’t want to admit their own mistakes bravely. 答案 返回 图解助记 (1)单句语法填空 ①Where can I exchange my dollars
pounds? ②I exchanged seats
Bill. ③He gave me an apple
exchange for a piece of cake. (2)同义句改写 用动词exchange改写上题句③
多维训练 for with in He exchanged an apple with me for a piece of cake. 答案
majority n.多数，大多数 4. (1)in a/the majority占大多数 the majority of多数 (2)minority n.少数；少数民族 in a/the minority占少数 a minority of少数 (1)The majority of people seem to prefer TV to radio. 多数人喜欢电视胜过广播。 (2)Only a minority of British households do not have a car. 英国只有少数家庭没有汽车。 特别提醒 the majority单独作主语时，谓语动词可用单数也可用复数。“the/a majority of＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词的数与of后面的名词保持一致。 特别提醒 (1)单句语法填空 ①The majority
(be) in favor of the proposal. ②The majority who attended the meeting yesterday
(be) students. ③The majority of the damage
(be) easy to repair. (2)完成句子 ①There’re some people opposed to the plan，but they are
(占少数). ②In the nursing profession，women are
(占大多数). 多维训练 was/were were is in a/the minority in a/the majority 答案
request vt.& n.要求；请求(ask；ask for) 5. (1)request sb.to do sth.请求某人做某事 request sth.from sb.向某人要求某物 request that...(should) do...要求…… (2)at one’s request＝at the request of sb.应某人的要求 应试指导 虚拟语气的考查 (1)You are kindly requested not to smoke. 请不要吸烟。 (2)He requested a loan from a bank yesterday. 昨天他向银行申请了贷款。 特别提醒 动词request后的宾语从句以及名词request后的表语从句、同位语从句都要用虚拟语气，即谓语动词为“(should＋)动词原形”。 特别提醒 多维训练 同义句改写 (1)We requested Mr.Wang not to smoke in the office. We requested that Mr.Wang
in the office. (2)It is requested that all the club members attend the annual meeting. All the club members
the annual meeting. (3)He requested that he should be transferred to another department. He was transferred to another department
. (should) not smoke are requested to attend at his own request 答案 6. sb.be familiar with...某人对……熟悉 sth.be familiar to sb.某人熟悉…… be on familiar terms with熟悉……；关系亲近的，亲密的
familiar adj.熟悉的；常见的 应试指导 作为高级词汇替换 well-known (1)He is a familiar figure in the neighborhood. 他在这个地区是大家熟悉的人物。 (2)The voice on the phone sounded familiar to me. 电话里的声音我听起来很熟悉。 多维训练 单句语法填空 (1)Broadband networking technology is familiar
him. (2)You certainly seem to be
familiar terms
him. (3)Are you familiar
English sounds yet? to on with
with 答案
bear vt.承受；忍耐；运送；生(孩子) 7. bear doing/to do...忍受做…… bear sb./sb.’s doing...容忍某人做…… bear sb.to do...忍受某人做…… keep/bear sth.in mind牢记…… 多词一义 bear，stand，tolerate，put up with (1)They will have to bear the misery of living in constant fear of war. 他们不得不忍受长期生活在战争恐惧中的痛苦。 (2)Bear in mind that success comes from hard work. 记住：成功来自于努力。 特别提醒 (1)bear表示“容忍，忍耐”时多与can/could连用，且多用于否定句和疑问句中。 (2)bear的过去分词形式，作“生育，生产”讲时用borne；作“出生”或“出身”时用born。 特别提醒 多维训练 (1)单句语法填空 ①Mary
him six sons and the eldest son
in 1970.(bear) ②He can’t bear
(laugh) at. ③I can’t bear him
(treat) his parents like that. (2)一句多译 那个妇女已生了两个孩子。 ①
(bear) ②
(birth) ③
(deliver) has borne was born being laughed/to be laughed treating/to treat The woman has borne two children. The woman has given birth to two children. The woman has been delivered of two children. 答案
spot n.斑点；污渍；地点；场所；v.看见；发现 8. (1)on the spot当场；在现场 (2)be spotted with满是……的斑点 spot sb.doing...发现某人做…… (1)She has a white dress with blue spots. 她有一件白底蓝点的连衣裙。 (2)I finally spotted my friend in the crowd. 我终于在人群中发现了我的朋友。 多维训练 (1)单句语法填空 ①He spotted his friend
(talk) with someone in the distance. ②The young man，who was the only man
the spot，was told to set down what he saw.
(2)单句改错 ①The thief was spotted run away from the entrance to the
building.
②His trousers spotted with ink.
talking on run→running spotted前加were 答案
curiously adv.奇怪地；好奇地 9. 多维训练 (1)完成句子 ①The letter wasn’t addressed to me but I opened it
. 那封信不是写给我的，然而我出于好奇把它拆开了。 ②
he left without saying goodbye. 真奇怪，他不辞而别了。 ③“What have you got in there？” Felix asked
. Felix好奇地问，“你在那儿得到了什么？” out of curiosity It’s curious that with curiosity 答案 ④
wild plants that they decided to make a trip to Madagascar for further research. 那对夫妇对野生植物那么好奇以至于他们决定去Madagascar作进一步的研究。(用倒装语序) (2)同义句改写 He was curious about Australian cities，so he read the book written by Dr.Johnson.(用形容词短语作状语改写)
So curious were the couple about Curious about Australian cities，he read the book written by Dr.Johnson. 答案
cautious adj.小心翼翼的；谨慎的 10. 多维训练 (1)单句语法填空 ①The governments are very cautious
setting a new policy and make no decision until they are quite sure it is the right one. ②The teacher cautioned him
being late. ③He
(caution) not to be late several times already. (2)同义句改写 Those numbers need to be treated cautiously. Those numbers need to be treated
. about against has been cautioned with caution 答案 11.
conduct v.组织，实施；传导；指挥；带领，引导；处理；举止，表现；n.行为；举止 多维训练 (1)写出下列句子中conduct的汉语意思 ①Our guide conducted us round the whole tourist attraction.
②Do all the metals conduct electricity？
③You should conduct yourself at any time.
带领 传导 行为，举止 答案 ④A long-term study conducted by the medical school shows that babies of smoking mothers will be less healthy than those of nonsmoking mothers.
(2)单句改错 Conducted yourself or I’ll give you a thick ear！
组织，实施 Conducted→Conduct 答案
belong vi.适应，属于 12. 多维训练 (1)用belong的正确形式填空 ①The book
to him is on the desk. ②Poetry written from the perspective of the urban youth tends to reveal their anxiety over a lack of sense of
. ③He was identified only by his uniform and personal
. (2)单句改错 Put it back where it belongs to.
belonging belonging belongings 去掉to 答案
contrary adj.相反的 13. 多维训练 (1)You didn’t bother me.
(恰恰相反)，I like your company. (2)I admit that your opinion
(与我的相反). (3)Any assertion(断言)
(与此相反的) is simply not true. (4)
(跟我的预料相反)，he won the speech competition. Just (Quite) the contrary is contrary to mine to the contrary Contrary to my expectation 答案
see...off给……送行 14. 多维训练 短语填空 see as，see...off，see to，see through (1)I’ll
it that he will not be late tomorrow. (2)He could
her lies. (3)This
an attempt to fool the voters. (4)Anne
Terry
at the station yesterday. see to see through was seen as saw off
答案
bring an end to (＝bring sth.to an end)结束；终止 15. 多维训练 (1)同义句改写 The meeting came to an end. ①We
the meeting. ②We
the meeting
. put/brought an end to brought to an end 答案 (2)完成句子 ①That job
last month. 那项工作上个月完成了。 ②Since Mike lost his job，we can’t
. 自从迈克失业以后，我们不能维持生计。 came to an end make ends meet 答案
Would you mind giving me and my schoolmate a lift to school？你能让我和我的同学搭你的车去上学吗？ 16. 句型公式：Would you mind doing...？ mind表示“介意，反对”，常用于下列句型： Would/Do you mind doing...？请你做……好吗？ Would/Do you mind one’s doing...？某人做……你反对吗？ Would you mind if...did...？某人做……你介意吗？ Do you mind if...do...？某人做……你介意吗？ 应注意该句型的答语：表示不介意多使用：Of course not./Certainly not./No，not at all./No.Go ahead./No，please do./No，I don’t.；如果表示介意、反对，常用下列说法回答：I’m sorry，but you’d better not./I’m sorry，but it’s not allowed./Sorry，but I do.。 never mind可用于下列三种情况：回答别人的道歉；安慰别人；谢绝别人帮忙。它不用来回答含有mind的问句。 (1)Do you mind if I use your phone? 介意我用一下你的电话吗？ (2)Would you mind if I went ahead of you? 你介意我走在你前头吗？ 多维训练 (1)—Sorry，I made a mistake again. —
.Practice more and you’ll succeed. ——抱歉，我又出错了。 ——没关系。只要你多加练习一定会成功的。 (2)Do you mind
here? 我在这抽烟你介意吗？ Never mind my/me smoking或if I smoke 答案
Decide where to go on holiday with a friend.定好和朋友到哪儿度假。 17. 句型公式：疑问词＋不定式 “疑问词＋不定式”结构可在句中作主语、宾语、表语等。 (1)在“疑问词＋不定式”结构中，不定式必须用主动式而不能用被动式。 (2)why后加不定式时，不定式省略符号to。 (3)whether后可接不定式，而if不可。 Book 4
Unit
12 Culture Shock
话题晨背
积累写作素材 自主排查
夯实基础知识 边讲边练
突破核心考点 在高考语境中提升解题技能 1 2 3 4 话题词汇 话题晨背
积累写作素材 1.company n.陪伴；同伴 2.available adj.可用的；可得到的 3.departure n.启程；离开；出发 4.arrival n.到来；到达 5.intend v.想要；打算 6.destination n.目的地 7.get lost迷路 8.feel at home感觉自在；无拘束 9.settle in安顿下来；迁入新居 10.at one’s service为……服务 经典语篇 假设由你接待一组来自美国的中学生代表团。该团经深圳、湖南等地，在北京只停留两天。团长向你征求在北京的旅行计划，请按以下提示给出你的口头建议： 1.首先去长城。长城是世界最古老最长的防御墙，是世界奇迹之一，有两千多年的悠久历史，全部由人工建成，令世人惊叹。 2.其次是故宫。它建于1406年，曾有24位皇帝在那儿居住过；皇帝在那儿发号施令。参观它，可以更多地了解中国历史。 3.对其停留时间短暂深感遗憾，否则，可以参观更多的具有历史意义的地方和景区，如颐和园、北海公园等。 注意：词数100左右。 参考词汇：发号施令issue orders；令人惊奇amazing 佳作欣赏
Well，the first place that I advise you to visit① is the Great Wall，the longest and oldest wall in the world，which is said to be one of the wonders in the world②.It has a history of more than twenty centuries.It is amazing to see such a huge wall was made entirely by hand.
The other place worth visiting is the Palace Museum，which was built in 1406.③Twentyfour emperors once lived there.From there the ruling emperors issued orders.You can learn a lot about Chinese history by visiting this Palace.
What a pity that you can’t stay longer！Otherwise，you could visit many other historic places and beautiful scenes such as the Summer Palace，the Bei Hai Park.④
思维发散 1.仿照第①句用“序数词＋that定语从句”完成句子 With Chang’e-3 successfully landing，China has been the third country in the world
. 随着嫦娥3号成功着陆，中国已经成了世界上第三个在月球上着陆的国家。2.将第②句改为and连接的并列句
that has landed on the moon and it is said to be one of the wonders in the world. 答案 3.将第③句改为简单句
4.将第④句进行句型转换 Otherwise，you could visit many other historic places and beautiful scenes
the Summer Palace，the Bei Hai Park.
The other place worth visiting is the Palace Museum built in 1406. like 答案 返回 自主排查
夯实基础知识 重点单词 A.写作单词 1.
(n.)
道歉，认错
(vi.)
道歉；表示歉意 2.
(n.)
笑；笑声
(vi.)
笑，嘲笑 3.
(n.)
大半，大多数
(n.)
少数；少数民族 apology apologize laughter laugh majority minority 答案 4.
(adv.)
总之，反正；不管怎样 5.
(n.)
礼貌 6.
(n.)
动作；活动 7.
(adj.)
熟悉的，常见的 8.
(n.)
到达，抵达
(vi.)
到达 9.
(vi.)
盯着看，凝视 10.
(adj.)
口头的
(vt.)
讲，说
(n.)
演讲者，讲话人 anyhow manners movement familiar arrival arrive stare spoken speak
speaker 答案 11.
(n.)
教育者
(vt.)
教育
(n.)
教育；培训 12.
(vi.)
适应；属于
(n.)
财物 13.
(vt.)
宽恕，饶恕 educator educate education belong belongings forgive 答案 B.阅读单词 14.owe (vt.)
15.absorb (vt.)
16.brief (adj.)
17.expectation (n.)
expect (vt.)
18.exchange (vt.)
19.reasonable (adj.)
reason (n.)
欠(情、债等) 理解，掌握；吸收 短暂的，简短的 期待的事物，预期 预料；期待 兑换，交换 合理的，正当的 理由 答案 20.tasty (adj.)
taste (v.)
(n.)
21.foggy (adj.)
fog (n.)
22.modest (adj.)
23.indicate (vt.)
indication (n.)
24.informal (adj.)
formal (adj.)
美味的 品尝；尝起来 味觉 多雾的 雾 谦虚的；适度的 表明；表示 表明；标示；显示 非正式的 正式的 答案 25.curiously (adv.)
curious (adj.)
curiosity (n.)
26.request (n.)
27.aspect (n.)
28.cautious (adj.)
29.whisper (vi.&n.)
30.conduct (vt.)
conductor (n.)
奇怪地；好奇地 好奇的 好奇；好奇心 请求 方面 小心翼翼的，谨慎的 低语，耳语 指挥；实施 指挥；售票员；列车长 答案 31.injure (vt.)
injury (n.)
injured (adj.)
32.attach (vt.)
33.contrary (adj.)
(n.)
34.broad (adj.)
35.addition (n.)
伤害 受伤 受伤的 喜欢，依恋；系，固定 相反的 相反 各种各样的；广阔的 相加，增加物 答案 重点短语 1.
习惯于 2.
让……搭车 3.
给……送行 4.
至少 5.
让某人下车 6.
不挂断(电话) 7.
坚持 8.
认真对待某事 get used to give...a lift see...off at least drop sb.off hang on insist on take sth.seriously 答案 9.
结束某事 10.
对某事敏感，易受影响 bring an end to sth. be sensitive to sth. 答案 经典句式 1.I had a similar experience
. 我上次访问中国时有一次类似的经历。 2.I don’t know what your expectations are of London，but
that you’ve never travelled outside of Asia，I thought I’d tell you a bit about what you can expect to find. 我不知道您对伦敦有什么期望，但是我知道您从来没有到过亚洲以外的地方旅行，所以我应该告诉您一些这里您要知道的情况。 the last time I visited China knowing 答案 3.I think we
in the English countryside for a few nights
you enjoy hiking. 我知道你喜欢远足，我想我们应该在英国乡村住几天。 4.I wonder
the way they’ve been treated. 我想知道他们是否会原谅他们已被对待的方式。 5.When I first arrived in San Francisco, I
certain aspects of the American way of doing things. 刚到旧金山时，有段时间我很难理解某些美国人的处事方式。 should consider staying as I know if they’ll ever forgive had a difficult time understanding 答案 课文语法填空
Xiaojin writes a letter to Aunt Mei,1.
(say) that she has been in London for 6 months and that she owes Aunt Mei an 2.
(apologize) for not writing more often.She has been busy 3.
(study) and trying to absorb all the new things.There is so much here 4.
is different from home.She wishes Aunt Mei’s visit not to be so brief and tells her a bit about 5.
she can expect to find. She tells Aunt Mei the food in London and about
the
British
tipping system and
ways
6.
(exchange) saying apology studying that what to exchange 答案
travelers’ cheques
at
banks.
7.
(addition)，she suggests they 8.
(stay) in the English countryside to wander 9.
the fields and so on.At last she says the majority of British people are
10.
(friend) and she has made some good friends.
Additionally (should) stay through friendly 答案 返回 边讲边练
突破核心考点
owe v.欠(账、钱、人情等)；归因于；归功于 1. 多词一义 owing to，because of，on account of，due to 答案 (1)owe sb.sth.＝owe sth.to sb.欠某人某物；把……归功于…… owe it to sb.to do sth.(为了感谢某人)应该做……,有义务做…… (2)owing to由于 (1)I owe the garage $20 for the new tyre. 因那个新轮胎我欠汽车修理厂20美元。 (2)He owes a great deal to his publishers. 他对他的出版商感激涕零。 答案 多维训练 (1)完成句子 ①He helped you a lot.You
(该请他吃顿饭). ②
(由于) the rain，the match was cancelled. ③He
(归功于他爸爸) that he got the job. (2)单句改错 She owes to herself to finish the work by the end of the day.
owe it to him to invite him to dinner Owing to/Because of/Due to owes it to his father owes后加it 答案
absorb v.吸收(液体、气体等)(take in)；吸引全部注意力(attract)；使全神贯注(interest sb.very much)；使并入，吞并 2. (1)absorb one’s attention吸引某人的注意 absorb...from...从……中吸收…… (2)be absorbed in全神贯注于 be absorbed by/into被……吞并(吸引) (1)International affairs absorb his attention. 他专心研究国际问题。 (2)She was absorbed in the book. 她专心于这本书。 特别提醒 表示“全神贯注”的常见短语还有：be lost in，be buried in，fix/focus one’s attention on，devote...to，concentrate one’s mind on，apply oneself to，be addicted to等。 特别提醒 多维训练 (1)单句语法填空 ①Plants absorb carbon dioxide
the air and moisture from the soil. ②Most little shops have been absorbed
big businesses. ③After
(absorb) enough water，the plants grow well. (2)同义句改写 He was so absorbed in TV that he forgot to sleep.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)
from into/by absorbing Absorbed in TV，he forgot to sleep.
答案
exchange n.交换；互换(giving and receiving)；交流(communication)；兑换；v.调换；交换；交流(communicate)；兑换(change) 3. (1)exchange A for B 拿A换B exchange sth.with sb.与某人交换某物 (2)in exchange (for)作为(对……的)交换 应试指导 写作高频词汇：(1)交换生 exchange students；(2)交流思想 exchange thoughts/ideas (1)I wish to exchange it for another camera or declare a refund. 我希望可以换一台相机，否则我要求退款。 (2)He exchanged a quick smile with her then entered the lift. 他和她匆匆相视一笑，然后走进了电梯。 图解助记