重庆市2017高考英语阅读理解选编（64）（附解析）
（2017高考训练）阅读理解。
(2016·邯郸高三质检)Since Henry Ford turned it into a massmarket product a century ago, the car has delivered many benefits. It has promoted economic growth, increased social mobility and given people a lot of fun. But the car has also brought many problems. It pollutes the air, creates traffic jams and kills people. An astonishing 1.24 million people die, and as many as 50 million are hurt, in road accidents each year.
Drivers and passengers waste around 90 billion hours in traffic jams each year. In some carchoked cities as much as a third of the petrol used is burned by people looking for a space to park.
Fortunately, a new technology promises to make motoring safer, less polluting and less tendency to holdups. “Connected cars” — which may eventually develop into driverless cars but for the foreseeable future will still have a human at the wheel — can communicate wirelessly with each other and with traffic management systems, avoid walkers and other vehicles and find open parking spots.
Some parts of the transformation are already in place. Many new cars are already being fitted with equipment that lets them keep their distance and stay in a motorway automatically at a range of speeds. Soon, all new cars in Europe will have to be able to warn the emergency services if their onboard sensors (传感器) discover a crash. Singapore has led the way with using variable tolls (道路通行费) to smooth traffic flows during rush hours; Britain is pioneering “smart motorways”， whose speed limits vary constantly to achieve a_similar_effect. These new inventions could create a much more highly effective system in which cars and their drivers are constantly warned of dangers and showed the ways. Traffic always flows at the proper speed and vehicles can travel closer together, yet with less risk of crashing.
In the past, more people driving meant more roads, more jams, more death and more pollution. In future, the connected car could offer mankind the pleasures of the road with rather less of the pain.
1.According to Paragraph 2, the problem of parking has resulted in ________.
A.more time on the road
B.a great waste of fuel
C.even heavier traffic jams
D.increased death and injuries
2.What does “a similar effect” in Paragraph 4 refer to?
A.Reducing traffic jams.
B.Building smart motorways.
C.Setting proper speed limits.
D.Keeping steady traffic flows.
3.What is the author's attitude towards connected cars?
A.Curious.B.Doubtful.
C.Supportive.
D.Disappointed.
4.Which of the following can be the best title of the text?
A.The Future of Cars: Wireless Wheels
B.The Future Traffic Management System
C.The Benefits and Problems of Cars
D.The Promising Future of Car Production
1．解析：选B 细节理解题根据第二段“In some carchoked cities as much as a third of the petrol used is burned by people looking for a space to park.”可知在一些拥挤的城市里寻找停车位所耗费的汽油占汽油使用量的三分之一说明停车造成大量汽油的浪费故选B2．解析：选D 词义猜测题根据本段“Singapore has led the way with using variable tolls (道路通行费) to smooth traffic flows during rush hours”可知新加坡通过使用浮动的道路通行费来疏导车流英国也正在采取措施来取得类似的效果故选D3．解析：选C 观点态度题根据第四段“These new inventions could create a much more highly effective system”和第五段“In future, the connected car could offer mankind the pleasures of the road with rather less of the pain.”可知作者认为这种新的发明能创造出一种更有效的交通体制在带给人们驾车的乐趣的同时也会减少事故带来的伤痛说明作者对这项发明是支持的故选C4．解析：选A 标题归纳题根据第三段“a new technology promises to make motoring safer, less polluting and less tendency
to
holdups. ‘Connected cars’ — which may eventually develop into driverless cars”和第四段“Many new cars are already being fitted with equipment that lets them keep their distance”和第五段“In future, the connected car could offer ...less of the pain.”可知文章主要讲的是未来的汽车而不是未来的交通管理系统故选A阅读理解Bedford Castle: The Home of Bedfordshire Royalty
Bedfordshire in the south of England had its fair share of royal visits from the early stages of the 10th century onwards and the importance that the county placed on this is evident in the monuments, country houses, churches and any number of other structures that are still present there to this day. Bedford Castle is one of those structures and, although it is nowhere near its former glory today, it is an essential attraction to visit if you really want to grasp what its heritage means to the county!
Bedford Castle was built initially as a fortress to help protect Bedfordshire on the south of the River Ouse after the people in the local towns and villages had already been subdued. It was set up in 919 on the orders of King Edward the Elder, although it was destroyed by a Danish invasion years later. This was when it was rebuilt as the castle, of which the ruins exist today!
There is a long history behind the castle that involves several kings as a result of the Duke of Bedford being an ardent(热心的)royalist(保皇主义者). Bedford Castle repeatedly offered the kings of England refuge against various storms in the form of onslaughts(攻击)from abroad and various domestic threats against them, and this is where much of its fame lies, even though the castle itself is no longer there. There are various tours of the ruins that you can take when you visit though and all of the guides are extremely knowledgeable. They will happily tell you tales of the mound(土丘)and the castle that preceded it.
The mound is open to the public all year round and is a proud part of the area’s heritage. It is recommended by the majority of people that you visit Bedfordshire because it tells you much about why the county is currently how it is. You can view the river from the mound and the surrounding settlements as well as the remains of the castle, and every moment spent there is worth it so enjoy the history and the very nature of the county itself!
【文章大意】本文向大家介绍了英国的一个旅游胜地——贝德福德城堡。
1. What do we know from the first paragraph?
A. The royals pay regular visits to Bedfordshire.
B. Bedfordshire had its fair share of royal visit.
C. Most of the ancient buildings are in use today.
D. Bedford Castle represents the history of the county.
【解析】选D。主旨大意题。文章第一段主要通过叙述英格兰南部贝德福德郡和皇室的渊源让我们了解它独特的历史, 而代表性建筑贝德福德城堡正是这段历史的见证物, 因此D项反映了本段文字的主旨。
2. The kings of England came to Bedford Castle .
A. to seek temporary protection
B. to visit the Duke of Bedford
C. to enjoy the beauty of nature
D. to escape from the bad weather
【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第三段可知, 在历史上贝德福德城堡曾多次作为英格兰国王的避难所, 所以可以推断英格兰国王来此城堡多半是“寻求临时庇护”。
3. Why are visitors recommended to visit Bedfordshire?
A. It is the major heritage in that region.
B. It reflects the history of Bedfordshire.
C. The ancient castle is well worth visiting.
D. The castle is still in good condition.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据最后一段It is recommended by the majority of people that you visit Bedfordshire because it tells you much about why the county is currently how it is. 一句可知, 游客之所以被建议游览贝德福德城堡, 就是因为它反映了该郡的历史变迁。
4. The purpose of writing the text is .
A. to introduce Bedford Castle
B. to tell the history of Bedfordshire
C. to attract tourists to Bedfordshire
D. to show where the kings used to go
【解析】选A。推理判断题。结合本文标题和内容可知, 作者写此文的目的主要是向人们介绍贝德福德城堡的有关情况。所以选A。
（2016高考训练）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的选项中选出最佳选项。体裁：记叙文 话题：日常生活 词数：610 时间：8′
I no longer run for the mail the way I used to.I remember, before the email age, the sense of heightened expectation as the hour of mail delivery approached, wondering what slim, handwritten treasures would appear in my box.I once received a letter from a longlost friend and was filled with such joy that I ran the mail carrier down and shook his hand, as if he had done a heroic deed in conveying the letter to me.
Once a day.Six days a week.That was the rhythm.Through snow, rain, heat, and darkness of night.I first learned to love the mail as a young boy.The first thing I ever received that was personally addressed to me was from my friend Duane.We had been the fastest of 9yearold friends.Then he moved away, to Massachusetts.The parting was difficult, but boys didn't cry.
Within the week, however, there was a letter in my mailbox.It was from Duane, and it read, “I'm OK, but I miss you.” That first conveyance to me of a written word from a great distance had all the import of the first Morse code message：“What hath God wrought.” It was at that moment that I became a letter writer, quickly discovering that the more letters I wrote, the more I received.
I wrote letters through elementary school, high school, college, and beyond.It got to the point where I could comfortably expect to receive a letter a day.The daily mail delivery was, for me, like a beacon (灯塔) at sea—something toward which my thoughts began to move upon waking.What quickened my blood，of course, was the element of surprise: From whom would the letter be today? And what would the news be？
And then，seemingly in the blink of an eye, the earth shifted.Email had arrived.Despite being attracted by the new technology, I promised myself that I would never stop writing letters by hand.However, I had no control over the tendency of others, and slowly, coldly, and then with quickened pace, the letters disappeared from my mailbox, having been replaced with electronic “messages” (a totally different beast—in contrast to letters, all emails look alike)．
And so, like a shipwrecked man filling notes into bottles, tossing them into the waves, and hoping for the best, I continue to write longhand, licking envelopes, sticking stamps, and handing my outgoing mail to the carrier who regards me with a curious eye, as if he is looking at the last member of a species which is dying out.But he must share the pathos(伤感力), for the moment he takes my letter he says, “Thanks for your business.”
Yes, it's clear that he feels sorry for me, a man continually spitting into the wind and not learning any lessons from it.But I feel bad for him as well, walk hard through the snow, only rarely bringing me a letter from a friend, and more likely delivering advertising mails or something useless.
But it gets sadder than this.Some months ago, while thinking about but not expecting the mail, I noticed the lateness of the hour and my stillempty mailbox.By 6 that evening there was still no sign of the carrier.The next morning I called the post office.“Oh，” the cheerful voice intoned.“It got dark, so the carrier went home.”
So much for the darkness of night.
“He'll bring your mail this afternoon，” the voice concluded.
That wasn't true.When the carrier finally did make his way down my street, I signaled to him, but he shrugged kindly and said, “Nothing for you today.”
I think that, at some level, I already knew that.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文，作者表达了自己在这个电子邮件时代对传统书信的难以舍弃的情愫。
1．Which of the following statements is TRUE about the author?
A．When his friend Duane left, they cried for parting.
B．He would not write letters again because there are no carriers nowadays.
C．He once loved to write letters and even wished to receive a letter a day.
D．He was tired of the new technology.
答案 C [考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“I wrote letters through elementary school，high school,
college,
and beyond.
It got to the point where I could comfortably expect to receive a letter a day”可知选C。]
2．What can we infer from the passage?
A．The author was the last one to write letters.
B．The author hadn't written letters before his friend Duane left.
C．The author called the post office to look for Duane.
D．The author was addicted to emails.
答案 B [考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“It was at that moment that I became a letter writer”推断出，作者在他的朋友Duane离开之前没有写过信，故选B。]
3．In the last paragraph the author says “I already knew that”， he probably means“________ ”．
A．the carrier went home
B．email is of great importance
C．the earth shifted suddenly
D．there's still no mail for him
答案 D [考查句意理解。根据倒数第二段中的“when the carrier finally did make his way down my street，I signaled to him，but he shrugged kindly and said，‘Nothing for you today’”可推知依然没有作者的信件。]
4．Why did the author run the mail carrier down and shake his hand?
A．Because the mail carrier had done a heroic deed.
B．Because the author was overjoyed to hear from a longlost friend.
CBecause the author failed to receive a mail.
D．Because the mail carrier delivered advertised mails.
答案 B [考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“I once received a letter from a long lostfriend and was filled with such joy that I ran the mail carrier down and shook his hand，as if he had done a heroic deed in conveying the letter to me”可知，作者收到久未见面的朋友的信是非常开心的，故选B。]
5．What's the best title of the passage?
A．Why I stick to the mailman
B．How kind a mailman
C．What the news will be
D．Email age arrives
答案 A [考查标题判断。本文主要表达了作者对传统书信的难以舍弃的情愫，故选A。]
阅读理解For anyone who is determined to be a fashion designer，it is not enough to have succeeded in college.The real test is whether they can survive，and become established during their early 20s，making a name for themselves in the real world where business skills can be as important as talent and creativity.
Fashion is a hard business.There is a continuous amount of stress because work is at a constant and extremely fast speed to prepare for the next season’s collections.It is extremely competitive and there is the constant need to make attractive advertisements of the latest fashion in newspapers and magazines.It also requires continual freshness because the appetite for new ideas is hard to satisfy.“We try to warn people before they come to us about how tough it is.” says Lydia Kemeny，Head of Fashion at St.Martin’s School of Art in London.“And we point out that drive and determination are absolutely necessary.”
This may seem far removed from the popular opinions of fashionable young people spending their time designing pretty dresses.That may well be what they do in their first year of study but a good college won’t be slow in introducing students to commercial realities，“We don’t walk our foot on the blossoming flower of creativity but in the second year we start introducing the restrictions
of price，producing
ability，marketing and so on.”
Almost all fashion design is done to a brief.It is not a form of selfexpression as such，although there is certainly room for imagination and creativity.Most young designers are going to end up as employees of a producer or a fashion house and they still need to be able to work within the characteristic style of their employer.Even those students who are most modern in their own taste of clothes may need to adapt to produce designs which are right for the mainstream of the market.They also have to be able to work at both the expensive and the cheap end of the market and the challenge to produce good design inexpensively may well be demanding.
【语篇解读 成为时尚设计师并不是件容易的事。仅仅在大学校园里获取学业的成功是不够的，时尚在不断变化，商业技巧和天赋、创造性同样重要。 5．Which of the following is mainly discussed in the passage?
A．Talent in fashion.
B．Good marks at college.
C．Ability to create new designs.
D．Business skills in fashion industry.
解析 主旨大意题。第一段是文章的主题段，通读全文可知整篇文章介绍的是在时尚业应该掌握怎样的商业技巧才能立足。
答案 D
6．What can we learn from the second paragraph?
A．Fashion designers are highly motivated and really detemined.
B．Good preparations for the next season can reduce stress.
C．Consumers’ appetite for new ideas keeps changing.
D．Advertisement business is very competitive.
解析 细节理解题。从第二段中的“It also requires continual freshness because the appetite for new ideas is hard to satisfy.”可知消费者对时尚的追求是不断变化的。
答案 C
7．What does the underlined word “This” in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A．Lydia Kemeny’s opinion.
B．The competitive business world.
C．The warning to the young designers.
D．The real situation in fashion industry.
解析 代词指代题。通过阅读第二、三段可知，This指代的是第二段讲到的内容，即时尚界的真实情况。
答案 D
8．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A．St.Martin’s School of Art encourages the new students to design dresses they like.
B．St.Martin’s School of Art requires students to develop their creativity in their designing.
C．St.Martin’s School of Art demands students to make pretty dresses for companies.
D．St.Martin’s School of Art focuses
on teaching students commercial realities.
解析 正误判断题。根据第三段的第二句和第三句可知该校重视教学生有关商业方面的知识。
答案 D