专题六 并列句和状语从句 一、并列连词yet，but，when，while，for，so的用法 连词 用法 yet 表示转折， 此时注意 yet位置且前面必须加逗号。 but 连接两个并列成分或两个并列分句，意为“但是，然而”。 连词 用法 when 作并列连词时，意义为“这时，那时”，相当于and at this/that time。常用于下列句式：①sb.was doing sth.when…② sb.was about to/going to do sth.when…③sb.was on the point of doing sth.when…④sb.had just done sth.when… while 作并列连词时，意为“而，却”，表示对比。 连词 用法 for 表示因果关系，引导并列分句，对前面分句加以解释或补充说明，且只能后置，常用逗号与前面的句子隔开。 so 表示因果关系，意为“因此”。 特别提醒 although/though不能与but连用，但可以和yet或still连用。 选用上表中适当的连词填空 1. He is a shy man, _______ he is not afraid of anything or anyone.(2015北京) 2．Some animals carry seeds from one place to another, _______plants can spread to new places.(2017北京) 3．There's no way of knowing why one man makes an important discovery________ another man, also intelligent, fails.(2017课标Ⅰ) 4．One Friday，we were packing to leave for a weekend away ________my daughter heard cries for help. 5．He found it increasingly difficult to read, _______his eyesight was beginning to fail. 【答案】1.but/yet 2.so 3.while 4.when 5.for 二、when，while，as引导时间状语从句的用法 连词 用法 when 引导时间状语从句时，既可引导“时间点”，也可引导“时间段”。 while 引导时间状语从句时，只能引导“时间段”。此时可与when换用。 as 引导时间状语从句时通常与 when通用，另外它还可以表示“随着”。 选用上表中适当的连词填空 1．It was the middle of the night _______ my father woke me up and told me to watch the football game.(2017江西) 2．It's much easier to make friends __________you have similar interests.(2017安徽) 3．He smiled politely _______Mary apologized for her drunken friends.(2017山东)
4．Her parents passed away ________she was still at school. 5．________ she grew older she gained in confidence. 【答案】1.when 2.when 3.as/when 4.when 5.As 三、since，before 引导的时间状语从句的用法 连词 用法 since since从句的谓语动词一般是非延续性动词，主句谓语动词用完成时。 在since从句中，如果动词是延续性的，则可理解为某一动作结束已经多久。 用在“It is＋一段时间＋since…”中，表示“自从……以来已经多长时间”。 连词 用法 before before表示“还未……就……；不到……就……；……才……；趁……；还没来得及……就……；在……之前”。 It will be＋一段时间＋before…意为“多久之后才……”。 It won't be long before…意为“不久之后就……”。 It was＋一段时间＋before…意为“过了多久才……”。 用适当的连词填空 1．We need to get to the root of the problem______ we can solve it.(2015天津) 2．There is only one more day to go ______your favorite music group play live.(2015四川)
3．If you miss this chance, it may be years _______ you get another one.(2015重庆) 4．I have heard a lot of good things about you ________I came back from abroad.(2017陕西) 【答案】1.before 2.before 3.before 4.since
四、表示“刚……就……；一……就……”的常用表达 1．as soon as, immediately, directly, instantly, the moment, the minute, the instant 2．no sooner…than…， hardly/ scarcely …when…
【易错点津】no sooner与hardly/scarcely后的句子谓语动词应用过去完成时，而than与when引导的句子谓语动词应用一般过去时。此外，当把no sooner和hardly/scarcely提到句首时，应用倒装语序。 根据括号中的汉语提示，完成下面的句子 1．I had hardly got to the office __________ (我妻子给我打电话) to go back home at once.(2017全国Ⅱ) 2．He had no sooner finished his speech ___________ (学生开始欢呼)．(2011辽宁) 【答案】1.when my wife phoned me 2．than the students started cheering
五、if与unless引导的状语从句 if表示正面的条件，意为“如果”，unless表示反面的条件，意为“除非，如果不”。 注意：条件状语从句中常用一般现在时表示将要发生的动作。 用适当的连词填空 1．It is so cold that you can't go outside ________ fully covered in thick clothes.(2015江苏) 2．I believe you will have a wonderful time here_________you get to know everyone else.(2015陕西)
3．All the photographs in this book, _________stated otherwise, date from the 1950s.(2017陕西) 4．You would know what was going on ________you'd listened. 【答案】1.unless 2.once/if 3.unless 4.if 六、as引导的让步状语从句 as引导让步状语从句时句子需倒装，具体使用情况有以下几种： 1．表语＋as＋主语＋系动词(要特别注意位于句首的名词前习惯上不用冠词)； 2．谓语＋as＋主语＋情态动词(谓语动词指动词原形，情态动词多为may, might, would, will等)； 3．状语＋as＋主语＋动词。 使用as的倒装结构完成下面的句子 1．尽管晚上的空气很热，但因为长途旅行的劳累，我们还是睡得很熟。 ________________， we slept deeply because we were so tired after the long journey. 2．他虽然成功，但不骄傲。 ________________， he is not arrogant.
3．尽管他想方设法，却未解决这个问题。 ______________， he couldn't solve the problem. 【答案】1.Hot as the night air was 2．Successful as he is 3．Try as he might 七、结果状语从句 引导结果状语从句的从属连词有：so…that…， such…that…。在非正式语体中，由so…that…， such…that…引导的句子中的that可以省略，其结构形式为： 将下面的句子翻译成英语 1．他如此有学问，以至于我们非常赞赏他。 【答案】He is such a learned person that we admire him very much. ＝ He is so learned a person that we admire him very much.
2．他挣这么少的钱，以至于养不起家。 【答案】He earned so little money that he couldn't support his family.