必修 Unit
Travel journal
单元知识预览
项目 单词及其词性变化（语法填空必备）
重点单词 1．journal n．日记；杂志；定期刊物→journalist n．记者
2．transport n. & vt.运输；运送→transportation n．交通工具
3．prefer vt.更喜欢；选择某事物(而不选择其他事物)→preferable adj.较适合的；更可取的→preference n．偏爱；爱好；喜爱
4．disadvantage n．不利条件；不便之处→advantage(反义词)
5．persuade vt.说服；劝说→persuasion n．劝服→persuasive adj.劝说的；有说服力的
6．graduate vi.毕业n.大学毕业生→graduation n．毕业
7．finally adv.最后；终于
8．schedule n．时间表；进度表 vt.为某事安排时间
9．stubborn adj.顽固的；固执的
10．organize vt.组织；成立→organized adj.有组织的→organization n．组织
11．determine vt.决定；确定；下定决心→determined adj.坚决的；有决心的→determination n．决心
12．journey n．旅行；旅程
13．bend n．弯；拐角 vt. (bent, bent)使弯曲vi.弯身；弯腰
14．attitude n．态度；看法
15．forecast n. & vt.预测；预报
16．reliable adj.可信赖的；可靠的
17．view n．风景；视野；观点；见解 vt.观看；注视；考虑
18．beneath prep.在……下面重点短语 1．ever since从那以后2．be fond of
喜欢
3．care about
关心；担心4．change one’s mind
改变主意
5．make up one’s mind
下定决心6．give in(to)
投降；屈服
7．as usual
通常；照常8．at midnight
在午夜
9．dream about doing
梦想干某事10．graduate from
从……毕业
11．at an altitude of
在……高度12．put up a tent
搭起帐篷
13．for one thing，...for another
一方面，……另一方面
14．can’t/can hardly wait to do sth.
迫不及待地干某事
经典句型
（高考书面表达必备） 1．Ever since middle school, my sister Wang Wei and I have dreamed about taking a great bike trip.从高中起，我姐姐王薇和我就一直梦想作一次伟大的自行车旅行。
2．It was my sister who first had the idea to cycle along the entire Mekong River from where it begins to where it ends. 首先想到要沿湄公河从源头到终点骑车旅行的是我的姐姐。
3．When I told her the air would be hard to breathe and it would be very cold, she said it would be an interesting experience.当我告诉她那里空气稀薄，呼吸困难而且天气很冷时，她却说这将是一次有趣的经历。
4．Once she has made up her mind, nothing can change it.她一旦下定决心，什么也不能使她改变。
5．A determined person always tries to finish the job, no matter how hard it is.
有决心的人总是努力完成工作的，而不管它有多难。必备语法（高级句型） 名词性从句（）
晨读范文背诵
背诵这篇范文注意划线部分的用法
【2016·全国新课标III】书面表达（满分25分）
假定你是李华，与留学生朋友Bob约好一起去书店，因故不能赴约。请给他写封邮件，内容包括：
1.表示歉意；
2.说明原因；
3.另约时间。
注意：
1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
【答案】
Dear Bob,
I’m sorry to say that I cannot go to the bookstore with you on Friday afternoon. I have just found that I have to attend an important class meeting that afternoon. I hope the change will not cause you too much trouble.
Shall we go on Saturday morning? We can set out early so that wel have more time to read and select books. If it convenient for you, let meet at 8:30 outside the school gate. If not, let me know what time suits you best. I should be available any time after school next
Saweek.
Yours,
Li Hua
语言知识精析
重点单词精讲
考点1．prefer vt. 更喜欢
【教材原句】Which kind of transport do you prefer to use: bus or train?
【例句研读】
(1)I prefer to walk (＝walking) there.我步行去那儿。(2)He said he preferred the country to the city.
他说城市和乡村，他喜欢乡村。【归纳拓展】
preference n. 偏爱prefer sth. 更喜欢某事物
prefer to do /doing sth. 更喜欢做某事
prefer (doing) sth. to (doing) sth.＝prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.
宁愿做……而不做……/相比……更喜欢做……
prefer sb. to do sth. 宁愿某人做某事＝prefer that sb. (should) do sth.提示：1.prefer 是“更喜欢”的意思，即 like better, 因此 prefer 不能再与 better, more 等比较级词语连用。【即时巩固】(1)She prefers ___________ to ____________.跳舞和唱歌相比，她更喜欢跳舞。(2)The soldier preferred ____________ rather than ____________.这位战士宁死不屈。
()I'd prefer you __________________ there alone.我倒希望你不要单独去那儿。
()We prefer that they (______) ______ it in a different way.我们倒希望他们用一种不同的方法去做。
考点2．persuade vt. 劝说；说服
【教材原句】Two years ago she bought an expensive mountain bike and then she persuaded me to buy one.两年前，她买了一辆昂贵的山地自行车，然后还说服我买了一辆（山地车）。
【例句研读】
(1)I have never persuaded him into taking others' advice.
我从没过他听从别人的劝告。(2)She tried to persuade him to change his mind.
她试图。(3)How can I persuade you of my sincerity?
＝How can I persuade you that I am sincere?
我怎样才能我的诚意呢？【归纳拓展】
persuasion n. 说服；信服；信念persuasive adj. 有说服力的；令人信服的
persuade sb. to do sth.＝persuade sb. into doing sth.说服某人做某事
persuade sb. not to do sth.＝persuade sb. out of doing sth.说服某人不做某事
try to persuade sb. to do sth.＝advise sb. to do sth.尽力劝说某人做某事(但未必劝服)
persuade sb. of sth. 使某人相信……
persuade sb.＋that 从句 使某人相信……比较：persuade/advise
(1)advise 表示“劝告”的动作，不看结果，而 persuade 强调“已经说服”； advise 可接动词的－ing 形式做宾语，也可接 that 引导的宾语从句(必须用虚拟语气 “should＋动词原形”)，而 persuade 不能。
(2)persuade 还有“使人相信”的意思，搭配 persuade sb. of sth. 和 that 从句，而 advise 无此用法【即时巩固】
(1)I ________________________________ with my English.我已说服他帮助我学习英语。(2)I've ________________________ drinking by ____________________ many times.
通过多次劝告我说服他戒了酒。(3) Alice trusts you ; only you can____her to give up the foolish idea.
A．insist B．advise C．suffer D．persuade
考点3．determine vt.&vi. 决定；确定；(使)下定决心
【教材原句】She gave me a determined look—the kind that said she would not change her mind.她给了我一个坚定的眼神——这种眼神表明她是不会改变主意的。
【例句研读】
(1)Income determines one's standard of living.收入决定一个人的生活水平。
(2)I have determined on/upon going to the countryside after graduation. 我已决定毕业后到农村去。
(3)He firmly determined to rise in the world whatever it took.他下定决心无论如何都要出人头地。
【归纳拓展】
determined adj. 坚决的；有决心的determination n. 决心
determine＋n./pron. 决(确)定某事determine on/upon... 决定……
determine to do sth. 决定做某事(表示动作，非延续性动词短语)be determined to do sth. 决心做某事(表示状态，可与表示时间段的状语连用)
determine sb. to do sth. 使某人下决心做某事
determine that/be determined that... 决心/定做某事【即时巩固】
()She determined that she ______ never ______ him again.
她下决心再也不要见到他。
()We __________________ catch up with them in a month.我们下定决心一个月内赶上他们。
()The teacher's encouraging words______________________________.
老师鼓舞的话使他决心努力学习。 ______ to train his daughter in English, he put an ad like this in the paper, “______， an English teacher for a ten－year－old girl.”
A．Determined; wanted
B．Determined; wanting
C．Determine; wanted
D．Determining; wanting
考点4．attitude n. 态度；看法【教材原句】’s and Wang Kun’s attitude to the trip写下王伟和王坤对待这次旅行的态度。
【例句研读】
(1)What's your attitude ______ the plan?你对此计划看法如何？
(2)It's not his work that bothers me; it's his _________.困扰我的不是他的工作，而是他的态度。
【归纳拓展】
采取……的态度改变态度【温馨提示】对……的看法、态度”是习惯用法不用介词of。
【即时巩固】
(1)I have to ____________________________ you.我只好改变对你的态度。
(2)He ________________________________ his school work.他对自己功课的态度很端正。
(3)Many foreigners changed their attitude ________ Chinese tennis players after Li Na made history in the French Open.
A．with B．for C．of D．to考点5．insist 坚持认为；坚决要求一定要
【教材原句】Although she didn't know the best way of getting to places, she insisted that she organize the trip properly.尽管她对去某些地方的最佳路线并不清楚，她却坚持要自己把这次旅游安排得尽善尽美。
【例句研读】
（1）You can come back later, if you insist.如果你一定要，你就稍后再来吧。（2）Mother insisted on our washing the clothes by ourselves. 妈妈我们自己洗衣服。I insisted that we(should)tell this to her.我我们把这件事告诉她。【归纳拓展】
insist on sth/doing sth坚持某事/做某事
if you insist
如果你一定要这样
【注意】
(1)insist后跟that引导的宾语从句表示“坚决要求，坚决主张”时，谓语动词要用“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。(2)insist若表示“坚持认为，坚持说”的意思时，宾语从句多用陈述句语气。【即时巩固】He insisted that he _________anything.他坚持说他从来没有偷过任何东西。(2)The engineer________________having his plan carried out.工程师坚决要求执行他的计划。(3)I insisted that she________________with you. 我坚决要求她跟你走。(4)Madame Curie insisted that there________something in nature that gave out radiation.
居里夫人坚持认为自然界中有物质能释放出射线。(5)Jane's uncle insisted ________ in this hotel any longer.
A．not staying B．not to stay考点6．beneath prep.在……下面 在下方；在底下【教材原句】As I lay beneath the stars I thought about how far we had already travelled.当我躺在星空下，我想着我们已经走了多远。
【例句研读】
(1)在书底下有一张纸。There's a piece of paper.
(2)他接受的教育不如我。He is in education.
(3)他住在下面一层。He lives on the.
(4)猫正藏在沙发底下。The cat is hiding.
【归纳拓展】
与under(1)beneath意为“在……下面”在文学语言中有时可代替below和under强调物体间的接触与on相对。还可表示“(程度、水平、等级、地位等)比……更低”。(2)below表示物体之间不接触不一定存在垂直的位置关系与above相对。 (3)under表示物体间的关系一定是垂直的物体间可以不接触也可接触与over相对。【即时巩固】
用beneath, 或under填空(1)I sat ________ a tree and took a rest.
(2)The temperature fell ________ zero last night.
(3)It would be ________ him to do that.
重点短语精讲
考点1．care about 关心，在乎
【教材原句】Of course, she hadn't; my sister doesn't care about details.当然她并没有看过——我的姐姐是不会考虑细节的。
【例句研读】
(1)He doesn't care much about what happens to me.他不我所发生的事。(2)Would you care for a drink? 你喝一杯吗？(3)The state must care for the families of soldiers killed in the war.
国家必须阵亡军人家属的生活。【归纳拓展】
care about 关心，在乎，在意(多用于疑问或否定句)
care for 喜欢或喜好某人/物(多用于否定或疑问句)；
照顾；照看
take care of (＝look after) 照顾
take care 当心；小心
with care 小心地
medical care 医疗服务
【即时巩固】
用care, 与care for的适当形式填空(1)Mr Black，who didn't ________ money，never______his salary.
(2)Would you ____________ a cup of coffee?
(3)I don't
____________if I never see her again!
(4) — Does your wife like tea?
—Well, she doesn’t really ____ tea; she likes coffee better.
A．care for
B．care
C．care about
D．care of
考点2．change one's mind 改变主意
【教材原句】She gave me a determined look—the kind that said she would not change her mind.她给了我一个坚定的眼神——这种眼神表明她是不会改变主意的。
【例句研读】
(1)Since getting to know him better, I've changed my mind about him.
更深入地了解了他以后，我。(2)Have you made up your mind what to do?
你已经做什么了吗？(3)He will bear/keep the beautiful girl in mind forever.
他将永远那位美丽的姑娘。【归纳拓展】
make up one's mind 下定决心call/bring sth. to mind 回忆起某事
lose one's mind 发疯have a/no mind to do sth. 有/无意做某事
fix/keep one's mind upon/on ... 把注意力放在……bear/keep... in mind 记住……
have...on one's mind 为某人操心/焦虑have...in mind 打算；考虑提示：在 change one's mind及 make up one's mind 短语中 mind 均为可数名词，有单复数形式变化。【即时巩固】
(1)I'm just going to _________________________________ (改变主意)when you ask.(2)___________________ (什么也不会让他改变主意)once he ____________________(他下定决心)．(3)I ____________________________(无法决定)whether to go or stay at home.(4)—I'm afraid that she won't come to help me as she promised.
—Don't worry. Nothing will ________ her mind if she has ________up her mind.
A．change; made
B．turn; done
C．grow; given
D．make; changed
考点3．give in 屈服；投降；让步；上交
【教材原句】Finally, I had to give in.最后，我只好让步了。
【例句研读】
(1)He has given in to our views finally.他最终我们的意见。(2)Everyone must give in their reports before they leave.每个人在走之前必须他们的报告书。(3)Don't tell her; she is sure to give away all your secrets.
不要告诉她，她一定会你所有的秘密。【归纳拓展】
give in to sb. 对某人让步
give away 赠送；泄漏；出卖
give back 归还
give off 放出；散发出(液体、气体、气味、热量、能量、光、声音)
give out 分发；用完；消耗尽，筋疲力尽
give up 放弃，戒掉；停止；认输；把……送交
give over 移交
give way to 给……让路；屈服；被……征服【温馨提示】(1)give in作“屈服，投降，让步”讲时，是不及物动词短语，后面常接介词to, 表示“向某人屈服”。作“交上呈交”讲时是及物动词短语(或sth in) to sb表示“把某物交给某人”。(2)give up“放弃”既可作不及物动词短语也可作及物动词短语。用作及物动词短语时后面常跟表示“放弃(做)某事”。【即时巩固】
()The police gave ______ searching for the missing child.警察放弃寻找那个丢失的孩子。
()The teacher gave ______ our papers before the class.上课之前，老师给我们分发了试卷。
()We'd better give the suspect ____________ the police.我们最好把嫌疑犯交给警察。
()This piece of meat is giving ______ a bad smell.这块肉正在发出臭味。(5)She's very brave and ______________________(从不屈服)．(6)“_______________________(现在不要让步)”(7) He kept begging me for a new bike, and I finally ________．
A．gave outB．gave away考点4. as usual 照常；像往常一样
【教材原句】Wang Wei rode in front of me as usual. She is very reliable and I knew I didn’t need to encourage her.像往常一样，王薇在我的前面，她很可靠，我知道我用不着给她鼓劲儿。
【例句研读】
【归纳拓展】
通常的；平常的通常地；平常地比平常……【即时巩固】
(2)We ____________________(通常外出)for (3)Grandmother slept longer __________(比(4)That day he got to school early ______________(像往常一样)．经典句型剖析
考点1 【教材原句】Ever since middle school, my sister Wang Wei and I have dreamed about taking a great bike trip. 从高中起，我姐姐王薇和我就一直梦想作一次伟大的自行车旅行。
【句法分析】ever since “从那以后”，句子要与现在完成时或现在完成进行时连用，类似的时间状语还有 so far, up till now, by now, recently, lately, since last month, in/for the past＋ 一段时间，since...ago等。
【例句研读】
①He came to England three years ago and has lived here ever since.
他三年前来到英国，从那以后便一直住在这里。
②I haven't seen her since ten years ago.自十年前至今，我没见过她。
③We have completed half of the work so far.到目前为止，我们完成了一半的工作。
④He hasn't written to me recently.他最近没给我写信。
⑤The couple have been working very hard for/in the past (last) ten years.在最近的十年里这对夫妇一直努力工作。
拓展It is/was/has been＋时间段＋since...自从……已经多久了。
It will be/was＋时间段＋before...再有多长时间才……
在 “It is/was＋时间段＋since...”句型中，若 since从句中的动词为延续性动词，句子意思要发生变化。
It is three years since he joined the army. 他参军3年了。
It is three years since he smoked.他戒烟3年了(不吸烟)。【考点聚焦】考查。
【即时巩固】
How long do you suppose it is ______ he arrived there?
A．whenB．before
C．after
D．since
考点2 【教材原句】When I told her the air would be hard to breathe and it would be very cold, she said it would be an interesting experience.当我告诉她那里空气稀薄，呼吸困难而且天气很冷时，她却说这将是一次有趣的经历。
【句法分析】be＋adj.＋to do在“主语＋系动词＋形容词＋不定式”结构中，不定式与主语在意义上是动宾关系，但要用主动形式表被动意义；如果不定式的动词是不及物的，要在不定式后边加介词。用于这种句式中的形容词常为：easy, difficult, heavy, hard, nice, bitter, dangerous, interesting, important, comfortable, pleasant, impossible 等。
【例句研读】
①The question is easy to answer.这问题容易回答。
②That book is difficult to understand.那本书难懂。
③The water in that river is not fit to drink.那条河中的水不宜饮用。
④Harry Potter is pleasant to read.《哈利·波特》读起来让人感到愉快。
⑤He is easy to get along with.他很容易相处。
拓展此句式还可以拓展为 “find/feel/think/believe＋宾语＋adj.＋to do”。例如：
I find English tongue twisters pleasant to learn.我觉得英语绕口令学起来很有意思。
【考点聚焦】【即时巩固】
(1) I like getting up very early in summer. The morning air is so good ______.
A．to be breathed
B．to breathe
C．breathing
D．being breathed
(2)They found the lecture hard ______； they all felt sleepy.
A．to be understood
B．for understanding
C．to understand
D．to have been understood
考点3 【教材原句】Once she has made up her mind, nothing can change it.她一旦下了决心，什么也不能使她改变。
【句法分析】“once＋状语从句”意为“一旦……就……”。在 once引导的状语从句中常用一般现在时代替将来时。
【例句研读】
①Once you remember it, you'll never forget it.一旦你记住它，你就永远不会忘记它。
②Once you have promised, you must do it.一旦你许下诺言，你就必须履行。
拓展once 用做副词，可表示：
(1)(for) one time 一次
I have only been here once. 我只来过这儿一次。
(2)at some time in the past 一度，曾经
He once lived in Zambia. 他曾经(一度)住在赞比亚。
(3)all at once＝suddenly 突然
All at once the door opened. 突然门开了。
【考点聚焦】考查【即时巩固】
You will be successful in the interview ______ you have confidence.
A．before
B．once
C．until
D．though
考点4
【教材原句】A determined person always tries to finish the job, no matter how hard it is.一个意志坚定的人总是努力完成工作，不管它多么困难。
【句法分析】no matter ，作“不管”“无论”解，同 what/who/when/where/how 等疑问词连用，引导让步状语从句。提示(1)no matter what/who/when/how/where 可以换成whatever/whoever/whenever/however/wherever 引导让步状语从句。
(2)whatever, whichever，whoever, whomever 还可以引导名词性从句。 Whoever breaks the law should be punished. 任何违犯了法律的人都应受到惩罚。
(3)however 是副词，修饰形容词、副词＋主＋谓； whatever 是代词，修饰的是名词。如：
However difficult it is, you must work it out.
不管有多难，你都要解决这件事。
Whatever difficulty there is, we must work together.
不管有什么样的困难我们都要团结合作。
【例句研读】
①No matter what he says, I won't believe him.不管他说什么，我都不会相信他。
②No matter when you come, you are welcome.无论你什么时候来都受欢迎。
③No matter whose bag this is, it must be kept here for the present. 不管这是谁的包，暂时必须放在这里。
④No matter who knocks, don't open the door.不管谁敲门，都不要开门。
【考点聚焦】【即时巩固】
(1) ______ well prepared you are, you still need a lot of luck in mountain climbing.
A．However
B．Whatever
C．No matter
D．Although
(2) The lawyer seldom wears anything other than a suit ______ the season.
A．whatever
B．wherever
C．whenever
D．however