2017届河北省衡水名校高考英语一轮复习撬题对点练：专题8 名词和主谓一致（2）（含解析）

　　A．单句填空

　　1．Yangshuo ________(be) really beautiful. A study of travelers conducted by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world.

　　答案　is　[句意：阳朔很漂亮……。根据后文的时态可知这里使用一般现在时，又因为Yangshuo是单数名词，所以这里用is。]

　　2．The famous musician, as well as his students, ________ (invite) to perform at the opening ceremony of the 2017 Taipei Flower Expo.

　　答案　was invited　[主语后带有as well as连接的成分时，谓语动词应和主语保持人称和数的一致，故谓语动词应与the famous musician在数上保持一致，故用第三人称单数形式；且musician与invite之间为被动关系，再根据句中标志词at the opening ceremony of the 2017 Taipei Flower Expo可知，应使用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was invited。]

　　3．Generally, students' inner motivation with high expectations from others ________ (be) essential to their development.

　　答案　is　[句意：一般来说，学生们的内在动机及来自他人的高期望对他们的发展是重要的。由with连接的两个成分作主语，即A with B，谓语动词的单复数应该和A保持一致，所以本句谓语动词应该和students' inner motivation保持一致，用单数。本句说的是一般情况，所以用一般现在时态。]

　　4．The university estimates that living expenses for international students ________ (be) around $8,450 a year, which is a burden for some of them.

　　答案　are　[句意：这所大学估计留学生一年的生活费用大约是8450美元，这对于他们中的一些人来说是个负担。因为宾语从句的主语是living expenses，是复数，所以谓语动词要用复数形式are。]

　　5．All the scientific evidence shows that increasing use of chemicals in farming ________ (be) damaging our health.

　　答案　is　[句意：所有的科学证据都表明，化学制品在农业上使用得越来越多，而这正在危害我们的健康。that引导的从句为宾语从句，且从句的主语是use，为不可数名词，故谓语动词用第三人称单数形式；本句说的是客观事实，故时态应用一般现在时。]

　　6．I can't remember her face now but recalling the incident ________ (make) me happy.

　　答案　makes　[句意：我现在记不起她的脸了，但是回顾那次事件让我很高兴。动名词短语recalling the incident作主语，谓语动词用单数。]

　　7．Saving money ________ (be) what you need to start several months before you move out.

　　答案　is　[句意：省钱是你开始行动之前几个月需要开始的。动名词短语saving money作主语，谓语动词用单数。]

　　8．I was paid nine dollars an hour, which ________ (be) three dollars more than the school post office paid us.

　　答案　was　[句意：我每小时被支付九美元，这比学校邮局支付我们的要多三美元。作定语从句主语的关系代词which指代nine dollars；表示钱数的名词复数形式作主语，谓语动词用单数；根据主句时态判断此空填was。]

　　9．But nothing has prepared the bears for the danger that ________ (threat) the only home they know.

　　答案　threats　[句意：但是熊们对威胁到它们所知的唯一的家的危险没有任何准备。作定语从句主语的关系代词that指的是先行词danger，故从句谓语动词用单数；由主语时态判断填一般现在时单数第三人称形式。]

　　10．We all got excited when someone spotted an Australian tailed eagle, which ________ (be) the symbol of the Australian­Pacific railway.

　　答案　is　[句意：当有人发现澳大利亚无尾雕的时候我们变得兴奋起来，它是澳太铁路的象征。在非限制性定语从句中作主语的关系代词which指代eagle，谓语动词用单数；从句所讲的内容是事实，句子应该用一般现在时，故填is。]

　　B．单句改错

　　1．The basketball coach, as well as his team, were interviewed shortly after the match for their outstanding performance.

　　________________________________________________________

　　答案　were→was　[句意：比赛后不久，因为表现出色，这位篮球教练以及他的队员接受了采访。主语后有短语as well as时，谓语动词的数不受短语的影响，仍与主语保持一致。根据时间状语after the match...可知，事情发生在过去，所以用过去式。]

　　2．One of the most important factors that influenced their satisfaction as volunteers were the amount of suffering they experienced in their volunteer positions.

　　________________________________________________________

　　答案　were→was　[句意：影响他们作为志愿者的满意程度的最重要因素之一是在他们志愿者位置上所经历的痛苦的量。分析句子结构知，that引导的从句修饰factors，one of“……之一”，故谓语动词用单数，将were改为was。]

　　3．The factory used 65 percent of the raw materials, the rest of which was saved for other purposes.

　　________________________________________________________

　　答案　was→were　[句意：这家工厂用了65%的原材料，剩下的被储存起来另作他用。the rest of...作主语时，谓语动词的单复数由of后面的名词决定。此处which指代先行词raw materials，故从句谓语动词用复数。又由主句时态可知，这里应用过去式。]

　　4．The fact that so many people still smoke in public places suggest that we may need a nationwide campaign to raise awareness of the risks of smoking.

　　________________________________________________________

　　答案　suggest→suggests　[句意：仍有许多人在公共场所吸烟这一事实表明我们可能需要一次全国范围的运动来提高人们对吸烟危害性的认识。本句说明一个客观存在的事实，故用一般现在时，而且主语是the fact，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。]

　　5．One­third of the country is covered with trees and the majority of the citizens is black people.

　　________________________________________________________

　　答案　第二个is→are　[句意：这个国家的三分之一被森林覆盖，大部分公民是黑人。“分数/百分比/majority＋of＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于of后的名词。故应用are。]

　　6．Nowadays signs prohibiting smoking is a common sight in restaurants, tea houses and shopping malls.

　　________________________________________________________

　　答案　is→are　[句意：如今禁止吸烟标志是餐馆、茶馆和购物中心常见的标志。分析句子结构可知，这里的主语是可数名词的复数形式，再结合上下文的句意可知，这里要用一般现在时。]

　　7．A recent survey shows that the number of children who come from the countryside with their parents be nearly 320,000 in Beijing.

　　________________________________________________________

　　答案　be→is　[句意：最近的一项调查显示，在北京与他们的父母一起从农村来的孩子接近320000人。分析句子结构可知，宾语从句主语是number，且句子为现在时态，所以填is。]

　　8．Our school along with many other brother middle schools are to take another joint test next month.

　　________________________________________________________

　　答案　are→is　[句意：我们学校下月将和很多兄弟学校进行联考。分析句子结构可知，句子主语是our school，它后面的along with短语不影响谓语动词，而且由next month可知这里应该是be to do结构，表示计划或安排好的将来。]

　　9．They say that the football team as well as the coach has been invited to the TV show to talk about their experiences during the past few years.

　　________________________________________________________

　　答案　has→have　[句意：他们说足球队员们以及教练已受邀参加电视节目来谈谈他们过去几年的经历。that引导宾语从句的主语是the football team，其后虽有as well as...短语，但谓语动词不受其影响，仍与主语一致。集体名词the football team在此侧重成员，表示复数意义，故将has改为have。]

　　10．—Lydia, what did our headteacher

　　say just now?

　　—Every boy and every girl as well as the teachers who are to lead the group are asked to be at the school gate before 6：30 in the morning.

　　________________________________________________________

　　答案　第二个are→is　[句意：——莉蒂亚，我们的校长刚才说什么了？——每个学生以及领队的老师们都要求早上6点半前到达学校大门口。分析句子结构可知，“who are...group”是定语从句，修饰teachers；主句主语是前面的every boy and every girl，所以用单数形式。主语后虽有as well as...，但谓语动词不受其影响。]

　　易错题一：名词及名词数的误用

　　[例1]　The boy had the ________ (appear) of being starved.

　　[错解]　appearing

　　[错因分析]　不少考生在空格处容易误填appearing。

　　[答案]　appearance

　　[心得体会]

　　[例2]　Good shoes, clothes and a backpack are the basic ________ (equip) you need for your hiking.

　　[错解]　equipments

　　[错因分析]　考生看见系动词为are而误填equipments。

　　[答案]　equipment

　　[心得体会]

　　易错题二：就近原则及就远原则的误用

　　[例1]　Either you or one of your students ________ to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow.

　　[错解]　are

　　[错因分析]　考生误认为主语为you而填are。

　　[答案]　is

　　[心得体会]

　　[例2]　The teacher together with the students ________ discussing Reading Skills that ________ newly published in America.

　　[错解]　are; were

　　[错因分析]　考生误认为主语为the students而误填are；第二空中Reading Skills为书名，但考生只注意到了名词Skills为复数而误填were。

　　[答案]　is; was

　　[心得体会]