第一部分 选修八 Module
5-6
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2015·湖北黄冈模拟)
Many people believe that teaching children music makes them smarter, better able to learn new things. But the organizers of a new study say there's no scientific evidence that early musical training affects the intelligence of young people.
An estimated 80 percent of American adults think music lessons improve children's ability to learn or their performance in school. They, say that the satisfaction for learning to play a new song helps a child express creativity.
Researchers at Harvard University, however, have found that there's one thing musical training does not do. They say it does not make children more intelligent. Samuel Mehr is a graduate student at Harvard's School of Education. He said it is wrong to think that learning to play a musical instrument improves a child's intellectual development. He says the evidence comes from studies that measured the mental ability of two groups of 4yearolds and their parents. One group attended music class, the other went to a class that places importance on the visual arts—arts that can be seen.
“The evidence there is ‘no’. We found no evidence for any advantage on any of these tests for the kids participating in these music classes，” said Mehr. Samuel Mehr says researchers have carried out many studies in an effort to learn whether musical training can make children smarter. He says the results have been mixed. He says only one study seems to show a small percentage increase in IQ, intellectual scores among students after one year of music lessons. He does not believe that IQ is a good measure of child's intelligence. He says researchers in his study compared how well children in the musical training group did on mental processing tasks or projects, then the results were compared to those of children who did not take lessons. There was no evidence that the musical training group did much better on the mental tasks than the other group.
The researchers confirmed the results with a larger group of children and their parents. Mr. Mehr says music lessons may not offer children a fast easy way to gain entry to the best schools later in their life. But he says the training is still important for cultural reasons. In his words, “We teach music because music is important for us.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。哈佛大学最近的一项研究表明，没有证据证明接受了音乐教育的孩子比没有接受音乐教育的孩子的智商更高。
1.According to the new study, musical training ________.
A．makes children smarter
B．helps a child express creativity
C．does not make children more intelligent
D．improve children's ability to learn in school
答案：C 推理判断题。根据文章第一段第二句“But the organizers of a new study say there's no scientific evidence that early musical training affects the intelligence of young people.”可推断，上过音乐培训课的孩子并不会比没上过音乐培训课的孩子更聪明。故选C项。
2．Samuel Mehr may agree that ________.
A．the children who attended music class are smarter than those who attended arts class
B．IQ is a good measure of a child's intelligence
C．we needn't to teach children music
D．music training is still important for cultural reasons
答案：D 细节理解题。由最后一段的最后两句“But he says the training is still important for cultural reasons. In his words, ‘We teach music because music is important for us.’”可知，他认为从文化方面说，音乐还是很重要的。故选D项。
3．In order to confirm his view, Samuel Mehr ________.
A．conducted more than one research
B．interviewed many American adults
C．taught two groups of 4yearolds music and arts
D．offered children a fast way to be admitted to the best schools
答案：A 细节理解题。由第四段第三句“Samuel Mehr says researchers have carried out many studies in an effort to learn whether musical training can make children smarter.”可知，塞缪尔·梅尔进行了不止一项研究去论证音乐对孩子早期智力开发的真实作用。故选A项。
4．The article may be taken from a report about________.
A．health
B．education
C．culture
D．economy
答案：B 推理判断题。全文介绍了哈佛大学研究人员做的一项关于音乐开发小孩智力真假与否的研究，因此可以推断，本文应该出自与教育有关的报道。故选B项。
Ⅱ.七选五
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
(2015·郑州高三二模)
Are you new to experiencing relationships? Well, let me give you advice on having a healthy and possibly longterm relationship.
__1__. Do not hide things from them, do not lie. Don't be afraid to say things that isn't very flattering about yourself. Getting them to trust you is the most important element in any relationship. If there's no trust, there's nothing there. So please be honest and they'll learn to
open up to you.
Make sure you give them respect. Now respect isn't just simply treating her or him nicely. There' s a lot more to it. You have to learn to adjust to their liking. __2__
Don't just think about yourself, think about what your partner needs out of it as well.
__3__. Always be willing to help them and give them honesty and positivity at the same time. Make them feel you are someone they can really count on and build a future with. This is an important step in a relationship. Your partner has to be able to count on you when needed.
Make sure you have a good sense of humor with them. Laughter is the key to happiness. Laugh a lot with them; joke with them. Laughter may seem silly, but it's the secret to a lot in life. It will keep the sparks alive.__4__.
Make sure the communication is good. This goes along with trust, but always communicate how you feel, even if it's something that upsets you. Instead of screaming, talk to them. __5__. It's important to communicate this to them, not keep it bottled up.
A．Show them your personality.
B．Be an honest person with them.
C．Make sure you are encouraging to your partner.
D．Laughter keeps the relationship strong and lasting.
E．Don' t start to neglect them and make them feel unwanted.
F．Basically, learn
to
study
your
partners' moods, wants
and
needs.
G．If they did something that made you unhappy, tell them about it in a respectful manner.
答案：
1．B 根据横线后一句“Do not hide things from them, do not lie.”可知不要对别人隐瞒，也不要说谎。作者在本段中建议我们要诚实。
2．F 根据前后两句“You have to learn to adjust to their liking.”和“Don ' t just think about yourself ，think about what your partner needs out of it as well.”可知作者告诉我们要了解自己同伴的需求，不要只是考虑自己的感受和需要。故F正确。
3．C 根据下面两句“Always be willing to help them and give them honesty and positivity at the same time. Make them feel you are someone they can really count on and build a future with.”可知要愿意帮助他人，要让别人知道我们是值得依赖的。也就是说要保证自己对别人是有帮助的。故C正确。
4．D 根据本段前面两句“Make sure you have a good sense of humor with them. Laughter is the key to happiness.”可知保持幽默感很重要，因为开心是幸福的关键。作者在本段中告诉我们要通过笑让我们的之间的关系更持久。
5．G 根据本段最后一句“It ' s important to communicate this to them, not keep it bottled up.”可知和别人的交流很重要，而且要注意交流的方式方法。故G项符合上下文。
Ⅲ.完形填空
(2015·太原市高三二模)
Uncle Bruce has been my most influential role model. I admire him because he has
__1__
me into the person I am today by teaching me about respect and responsibility and that anything
__2__ having takes a lot of hard work.
The most important thing he has __3__ me is how to think. He always says, “You can learn something from everyone, __4__ it's what not to do.” He always does what he__5__. If he says, “I'll pick you up at seven on Thursday，” it will __6__. Also, Bruce is the kind of person who actually __7__
you.
Uncle Bruce was in the army for 20 years and went through some terrible __8__， but he hasn't let them affect him __9__. After hearing his stories about alcoholand drugrelated __10__， I have no interest in doing anything that could
__11__ me or my friends. He is also the only person who truly believes I can
__12__ it to West Point. He has done everything within his __13__ to help me achieve that goal.
Uncle Bruce is my hero. He is __14__ that I want to be when I'm his age. He is smart, financially __15__， and gives back to his community. There is no way I can
__16__ him for all he's done. He is the one whose __17__ can change the way I look at something. I've never told him that I love him, __18__ has he told me, but we love each other and I wouldn't have it any other way. I'm not
__19__ he's perfect, but I can't imagine __20__ without him now that he is here.
语篇解读：作者讲述了Uncle Bruce的故事，他是作者眼中的英雄，一直鼓励和帮助作者，也在帮助其他的人。作者希望自己以Uncle Bruce为榜样，努力做一个像他那样的人。
1．A.shaped
B．promoted
C．trained
D．blessed
答案：A 本空考查动词基本含义的辨析。A.shaped“弄成……的形状，塑造”；B.promoted“促进”；C.trained“训练”；D.blessed“赐福”。根据上下文意思，他把我塑造成了现在的我，所以选项比较来看，只能选shape“塑造”。故选A。
2．A.like
B．about
C．from
D．worth
答案：D 本空考查介词基本含义的辨析。A.like“像……一样”；B.about“关于”；C.from“来自”； D．worth“值得”。本空较难，分清句子成分是关键。“that anything __2__ having takes a lot of hard work”与前面的about短语共同做teach的宾语，此从句中 “anything having”做takes的主语，句意为“任何值得拥有的东西都要花费一番努力”，这里选用值得“worth doing”更好。故选D。
3．A.directed
B．taught
C．encouraged
D．improved
答案：B 本空考查动词基本含义的辨析。A.directed“指导”；B.taught“教”；C.encouraged“鼓励”；D.improved“提高，改善”。根据文章第一段，Uncle Bruce一直在教我做人，这里是说“他所教给我最重要的事情是如何思考”，根据前文暗示，选用taught。故选B。
4．A.so that
B．even if
C．as if
D．now that
答案：B 本空考查连词基本含义的辨析。A.so that“以致于”；B.even if“即使”；C.as if“好像”；D.now that“既然”。结合上下文，选项中只有“即使”更符合文意即：即使它没什么关系。故选B。
5．A.wants
B．supports
C．promises
D．advises
答案：C 本空考查动词基本含义的辨析。A.wants“想要”；B.supports“支持”；C.promises“许诺”；D.advises“建议”。根据下一句暗示，此句理解为“言出必行”，所以选项中“promise，承诺”更合适。故选C。
6．A.matter
B．insist
C．succeed
D．happen
答案：D 本空考查动词基本含义的辨析。A.matter“重要”；B.insist“要求”；C.succeed“成功”；D.happen“发生，碰巧”。本空较难，关键看清代词。结合文章上下文，matter是“事关紧要”，insist是“坚持要求或坚持认为”的意思，succeed是“成功”，happen是“发生”的意思，此空前面it指代uncle承诺过的事，结合前文“言出必行”，所以根据文章happen更合适。本空易选错insist，如果选insist，需要将前面的it改为he。故选D。
7．A.sticks to
B．points at
C．listens to
D．comes at
答案：C 本空考查动词短语基本含义的辨析。A.sticks to“坚持”；B.points at“指着”；C．listens to“听”；D.comes at“袭击”。本空较难，根据文章基调，作者在全文透露出Uncle Bruce在各个方面都很好，对自己的影响也很大，此句中又有also，可以推测本句也是在夸uncle，四个选项中只有“listen to倾听”是褒义，故选C。
8．A.experiences
B．diseases
C．drills
D．adaptations
答案：A 本空考查名词基本含义的辨析。A.experiences“经历”；B.diseases“疾病”；C.drills“训练”；D.adaptations“改编”。该句讲的是经历，所以experiences是更恰当。故选A。
9．A.materially
B．negatively
C．barely
D．positively
答案：B 本空考查副词基本含义的辨析。A.materially“实质地”；B.negatively“否定地”；C.barely“仅仅”；D.positively“积极地”。根据下文的连词but转折后，说明下句的意思相反，所以选negatively“消极地”。故选B。
10．A.tendencies
B．statistics
C．references
D．misfortunes
答案：D 本空考查名词基本含义的辨析。A.tendencies“脆弱”；B.statistics“数据”；C.references“参考”；D.misfortunes“霉运”。前文的terrible experiences和alcoholand drugrelated都暗示了，这是uncle所遇到的不幸的故事，所以选择D。
11．A.sink
B．test
C．harm
D．exploit
答案：C 本空考查名词基本含义的辨析。A.sink“下沉”；B.test“测试”；C．harm“伤害”；D.exploit“开发，利用”。文章中“我对做任何伤害我及我的朋友的事情不感兴趣”所以选“harm伤害”。故选C。
12．A.make
B．take
C．bring
D．seize
答案：A 本空考查动词基本含义的辨析。A.make“制造”；B.take“带走”；C．bring“带来”；D.seize“抓住”。根据文章句意即上下文，“他是唯一一个相信我能够成功到达West Point的人”且make it 可以表示“成功做成某事”。故选A。
13．A.management
B．access
C．patent
D．power
答案：D 本空考查名词基本含义的辨析。A.management“管理”；B.access“接近”；C.patent“专利发明人”；D.power“权力，力量”。结合上下文及常用表达“在他能力范围之内”所以选择power“力量”更合适 。故选D。
14．A.everybody
B．everything
C．nobody
D．nothing
答案：B 本空考查不定代词基本含义的辨析。A.everybody“每个人”； B．everything“每件事情”；C．nobody“没有人”； D．nothing“什么也没有”。本空较难，本句译为“他是我想成为的一切(我想成为跟他一样的人)”，侧重我想成为uncle那样具有一切良好品质的人，而不是我成为别人，所以选B而非A。故选B。
15．A.secure
B．shaky
C．proper
D．messy
答案：A 本空考查形容词基本含义的辨析。A.secure“有保障的”；B.shaky“晃动的”；C.proper“恰当的”；D.messy“混乱的”。根据下文“他回报社区”因此判断他经济上是有保障的，所以选A。
16．A.praise
B．repay
C．present
D．recharge
答案：B 本空考查动词基本含义的辨析。A.praise“表扬”；B.repay“回报”；C．present“呈现”；D.recharge“再收费”。结合全文来看，作者对Bruce很感激，所以这里是在表达“回报”之意 。故选B。
17．A.strength
B．honesty
C．opinion
D．standard
答案：C 本空考查名词基本含义的辨析。A.strength“力气”； B．honesty“诚实”；C．opinion“意见”；D.standard“水平”。此空较难，容易误选strength“力气，长处”，从上下文来看，既然uncle在用他的良好习惯和品质影响着我，想必他的观点也会影响我对事物的看法，这里应选“opinion意见”。故选C。
18．A.or
B．either
C．nor
D．so
答案：C 本空考查连词基本含义的辨析。A.or“或者”； B．either“或者”；C.nor“也不”；D.so“因此，所以”。上文中“never”表否定，因此下文应用“nor”来搭配使用。故选C。
19．A.saying
B．proving
C．expressing
D．demanding
答案：A 本空考查动词基本含义的辨析。A.saying“说”；B.proving“证明”；C.expressing“表达”； D．demanding“要求”。根据文意“我不是说他很完美”。故选A。
20．A.travelling
B．studying
C．working
D．living
答案：D 本空考查动词基本含义的辨析。A.travelling“旅行”；B.studying“学习”；C.working“工作”；D.living“居住”。结合上下文“无法想象没有他的生活”所以选择“living”。故选D。
Ⅳ.短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用()划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Dear Editor，
I'm the boy student in a key middle school in our city. I fond of play the piano. It is known by us that the college entrance examination is approaching. I must get good prepared for it. So I have only fifteen minutes to play the piano on every day. I don't want to give up my favorite, and my parents forbade me to continue playing it. They think it a waste of time to do it now. How do you think of it? Could you give me some advices on how to deal with the problem? I am looking forward to your early reply.
Thank you.
John
答案：
Dear Editor，
I'm
boy student in a key middle school in our city. I
fond of
the piano. It is known
us that the college entrance examination is approaching. I must get
prepared for it. So I have only fifteen minutes to play the piano on every day. I don't want to give up my favorite,
my parents
me to continue playing it. They think it a waste of time to do it now.
do you think of it? Could you give me some
on how to deal with the problem? I am looking forward to your early reply.
Thank you.
John
Ⅴ.书面表达
假设你是李华。请根据写作要点用英语写一篇周记，记述你周末或在假期中帮助家人做家务的一次经历。
写作要点： 1. 做家务的理由；2.做家务的过程；3.你的感受。
注意：1.词数不少于100 字；2.开头已给出不计入总词数。
I am an 18yearold middle school student.____________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
答案：
I'm_an_18yearold_middle_school_student. I have been busy with my study and seldom helped my parents with the housework. Feeling quite sorry for that, I begin to think about what to do to help.
Last Sunday, when my parents went out shopping, I suddenly got an idea: why not give the rooms a thorough cleaning? Firstly, I collected all the books, newspapers and other things scattered in the rooms and put them in place. Then I wiped the dust off all the furniture. After that, I swept and mopped the floors.
At this very moment, my parents came back and were quite surprised to see all the rooms tidy and floors shining. My mother gave me a hug and I could see satisfaction in her eyes. Tired as I was, I never felt so happy.