8.完成句子 (1)教育系统必须满足所有儿童的需要。 The education system must______________of all children. (2)使我非常满意的是老板同意了我的建议。 ________________，my boss agreed to my suggestion. 答案： (1)satisfy the needs (2)Much to my satisfaction lead to导致；造成(后果)；通向…… 教材原句P14：Many of these chemicals can lead to cancer or other illnesses.这些化学物质有些会引起癌症或其他疾病。 lead sb.to do sth.使某人做某事 lead/live a．..life过……样的生活 lead...into...把……领进…… lead the way引路；带路 ①The discovery of new evidence led to the thief’s being caught. 新证据的发现导致小偷被抓住。 ②We firmly believe that war never settles anything.It only leads to violence. 我们坚信战争永远不会解决任何问题，只能导致暴力。 ③As we all know，all roads lead to Rome. 众所周知，条条大道通罗马。 ④This has led scientists to think out other solutions to the problem.这就使得科学家不得不想其他解决问题的方法。 ⑤The receptionist led the way to the meeting room. 接待员领路来到了会议室。 9.As we all know，it is human activity that________the global warming. A．has come from
B．have come from C．has led to
D．have led to 解析： 句意为：众所周知，是人类的活动“导致(lead to)”了全球变暖。主句是强调句型，是对主语human activity的强调，谓语动词用单数，故选C项。 答案： C Dr Yuan grows what is called super hybrid rice. 袁博士种植的是被称为“超级杂交水稻”的稻种。 what is called super hybrid rice用做grows的宾语从句。名词性从句中缺少主语、宾语、表语成分时，用关系代词what连接。 ①After a hard time，they came to what is called America today. 艰难的努力后他们来到了现在称作美洲的地方。 ②We now live in what is called the Information Age. 我们现在生活在一个信息时代。 ③He graduated from what was called a key high school. 他毕业于一所重点高中。
10.(浙江高考)Some children want to challenge themselves by learning a language different from________their parents speak at home. A．what
B．that C．which
D．one 解析： 句意为：一些孩子想学习一门不同于家中父母所讲的语言来挑战自我。what引导名词性从句，在句中作speak的宾语。 答案： A 11．A modern city has been set up in______was a wasteland ten years ago. A．what
B．which C．that
D．where 解析： 句意为：一座现代化的城市在十年前是一片废墟的地方建立起来。 答案： A He would much rather keep time for his hobbies. 他更愿把时间花在自己的业余爱好上。 would rather宁愿、宁可，没有人称和数的变化，所有的人称一律用would rather。
①He would rather die than give in to the enemy. 他宁死也不向敌人屈服。 ②Rather than refuse to help you，I would borrow money from my friends.我宁可向朋友借钱，也不愿拒绝帮助你。
12.I would rather________the football match last night with my friends.Otherwise，I would have finished my paperwork by now. A．not have watched B．not watch C．hadn’t watchedD．haven’t watched 解析： 句意为：昨晚我要是不和朋友看足球赛就好了，那样我现在已做完作业了。would rather have done表示“本想做而未实现的一种愿望或打算”。 答案： A Recently，however，scientists have been finding that longterm use of these fertilizers can cause damage to the land and，even more dangerous，to people’s health.然而，最近科学家发现长期使用这些肥料会造成土地受损，甚至更危险的是，会对人们的健康造成危害。 have been finding是现在完成进行时。现在完成进行时表示一个动作开始于过去，持续到现在，并强调现在还在进行。 ①—I have got a headache. ——我头疼。 —No wonder.You have been working in front of that computer too long. ——难怪你头疼，你在电脑前工作的时间太长了。
②No wonder you are so tired.You have been working all day. 难怪你这么累，你工作一天了。 ③Because of illness，he has been lying in bed all day. 由于生病，他整天都躺在床上。
13.(2010·江苏卷)—Why，Jack，you look so tired! —Well，I________the house and I must finish the work tomorrow. A．was painting B．will be painting C．have painted D．have been painting 解析： 句意为：——杰克，你为什么看起来如此疲惫？——噢，我一直都在粉刷房子，并且我明天必须完成。本题考查动词时态。根据句意可知应采用现在完成进行时态，强调动作一直在延续。A项为过去进行时态，表示过去某时间或过去某阶段内动作正在进行；B项为将来进行时态，表示将来某时刻动作正在进行；C项为现在完成时，强调过去的动作对现在的影响，均不符合语境，可排除。 答案： D Ⅰ.选词填空
1．As a student，you should____________________work and study. 答案： focus your mind on 2．Judging from his expressions，we could see that he____________________our performance. 答案： was satisfied with focus one’s mind on；build up；struggle against；be satisfied with；lead to；get rid of；care about；thanks to 3．________________the help of a native villager，we got out of the dark cave safely. 答案： Thanks to 4．A selfish person does not______________other people’s problem. 答案： care about 5．His drunk driving________________the accident，killing him and his three passengers. 答案： led to 6．__________________________the cancer for many years，he succeeds in surviving，which makes many people admire him for his courage and optimism. 答案： Having struggled against 7．Take part in the physical exercises and____________your strength. 答案： build up 8．He used to be addicted to cigarettes，but now he________________________it. 答案： has got rid of Ⅱ.巧思妙解 1．—The final exam is coming.Would you mind my staying up late，going over my lessons? —I’d rather you________.With the light on，I can’t fall asleep. A．don’tB．didn’t C．won’t
D．haven’t 解析： “would rather＋从句”时，从句的主语与主句不一致时，从句中的谓语动词若表示同现在事实相反，则应用一般过去时。“我宁愿你不要熬夜”同现在事实相反。 答案： B 2．—Did you say something rude to her because of what she’s done? —Yes，but I________so. A．had better not doB．would rather not do C．oughtn’t to do
D．would rather not have done 解析： 说话者表达“我宁愿没这么做”，故用would rather not have done表示不该做却已做了。 答案： D 3．—Would you rather________there tomorrow? —No.I’d rather he________there instead of me. A．to go；will goB．go；went C．go；will goD．going；shall go 解析： Would you rather do sth.？“你愿意做……吗？”因此第一个空要用动词原形；第二个空要用虚拟语气，即would rather sb.did sth.宁愿别人做……。 答案： B 4．—Did you have a good time in Dalian during the summer holiday? —Not really.I would rather________such a tiring journey. A．not plan
B．not to have planned C．not have plannedD．hadn’t planned 解析： would rather have done表示“本想做而未实现的一种愿望或打算”，其否定形式是在would rather后加not。 答案： C
Ⅲ.语法专练 本单元语法——v.ing形式作主语和宾语 1．(2011·西安八校联考)If the babysitter cannot come tomorrow，do you mind________alone at home，doing his homework? A．Fred’s leaving
B．Fred being left C．Fred’s having leftD．Fred having been left
解析： 考查非谓语动词。句意为：如果明天保姆不能来的话，你介意把Fred一个人留在家里做作业吗？在would/do you mind之后通常接动名词的复合结构，即在动名词之前加上物主代词/名词的所有格来表明动名词动作的发出者。当动名词的复合结构作宾语时可用宾格代词或名词的普通格代替物主代词或名词的所有格。Fred being left符合动名词复合结构的构成方法，而且用一般式表示该动作尚未发生。 答案： B
2．(2011·金丽衢十二校联考)________by his grandparents in the countryside，he isn’t accustomed to________in the city. A．Having brought up；liveB．Grown up；living C．Growing up；liveD．Brought up；living 解析： 考查非谓语动词。句意为“因为他被祖父母在乡下抚养长大，所以不习惯城市的生活”。bring up与he之间在逻辑上是动宾关系，故此处用过去分词形式。be accustomed to习惯于，to是介词，后面要用动名词、名词或代词。 答案： D 3．(2011·潍坊检测)________in a famous university is what most students wish for. A．To educateB．Educated C．Being educatedD．Educating 解析： 非谓语动词的用法。该结构的逻辑主语是下文中的“most students”，所以应用被动形式，故排除A、D；由句子结构分析，空格部分在句子中作主语，故只能选C。 答案： C 4．(2010·上海卷)I had great difficulty________the suitable food on the menu in that restaurant. A．findB．found C．to findD．finding 解析： 句意为：在那个餐馆，我很难从菜单上找到合适的食物。have difficulty/trouble/problems (in) doing(做……有困难)是固定搭配，所以选D项。 答案： D 5．(2010·福建龙岩检测)________in the leg made it impossible for me to walk as fast as usual. A．Being injuredB．To be injured C．Having injuredD．Injured 解析： 考查非谓语动词。此处缺少主语，而现在分词和过去分词不能作主语，排除C项和D项；B项不定式表示未发生的动作，与语境不符。据此选A项，用动名词短语作主语。 答案： A 练规范、练技能、练速度 Ⅰ.重点单词聚焦 1．If you keep staying in the sun for a long time，you’ll get ________(晒黑的)． 答案： sunburnt 2．The twins are so alike that I always________(使迷惑) them with each other. 答案： confuse 3．Each classroom in our school is________(配备) with a computer，which is helpful to our study. 答案： equipped 4．The people there are fighting to gain their________(自由) from foreign control. 答案： freedom 5．Getting rid of________(饥饿) is very important in African countries，because too many people have starved to death. 答案： hunger 6．He________(后悔) that he was careless and didn’t pass the exam. 答案： regretted 7．The method of________(减少) the teaching cost has been discussed at the meeting. 答案： reducing 8．Please repeat.I haven’t entered your name and________(职业) yet. 答案： occupation 9．She became the________(焦点) of attention immediately she turned up. 答案： focus
10．The teacher made a(n)________(总结) of the main points at the end of each period. 答案： summary
Ⅱ.重点短语扫描 1．rid...
摆脱，除去 2．
...free from/of 使……免受 3．struggle
为……而斗争 4．hunger
渴求 (知识) 5．thanks
多亏，由于 6．be satisfied
对……感到满意的 7．
addition 除此之外，另外 8．focus
集中 (注意力，精力)于…… of keep for for to with in on
9．would
宁愿，宁可 10．care
喜欢，愿意 11．build
逐渐增强，建立 12．turn
转向，求助于 13．lead
导致 rather for up to to Ⅲ.课文原句突破 1．袁隆平博士种植的是被称为“超级杂交水稻”的稻种。 Dr Yuan Longping grows________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________. 答案： what is called super hybrid rice 2．用他的杂交水稻，农民种出的粮食比以前多了一倍。 Using his hybrid rice，farmers are producing harvests ________ ________ ________ ________before. 答案： twice as large as 3．然而，最近科学家发现长期使用这些肥料会造成土地受损，甚至更危险的是，会对人们的健康造成危害。 Recently，however，scientists ________ ________ ________ that longterm use of these fertilizers can ________ ________ ________the land and，even more dangerous，to people’s health. 答案： have been finding；cause damage to
4．如果这样的话，你做了些什么来种植这些植物？ ________ ________，what did you do to grow them? 答案： If so 5．他宁愿把时间花在自己的爱好上。 He________much________keep time for his hobbies. 答案： would；rather struggle
vt.，vi.& n．斗争，拼搏；努力；挣扎 教材原句P10：Indeed，his sunburnt face and arms and his slim，strong body are just like those of millions of Chinese farmers，for whom he has struggled for the past five decades. 的确，他那被太阳晒得黝黑的脸庞和手臂，以及他那瘦削而又结实的身体，就跟其他千百万的中国农民一样，过去50年来，他一直在努力帮助他们。 struggle to do sth.艰难地做某事，挣扎着做某事 struggle for为……而斗争 struggle with (against)与……作斗争，同……搏斗 struggle to one’s feet挣扎着站起来 ①He has been struggling to succeed in his business. ＝He has been struggling for success in his business. 为使事业成功，他一直努力奋斗着。 ②Those climbers struggled against the strong wind and finally reached the top of the mountain. 那些登山者在强风中艰难的行走，最终到达山顶。 ③The children talked so loudly at dinner table that I had to struggle to be heard. 在餐桌上孩子们高声谈话以至于我必须努力被听到。 ④She will not give up her children without a struggle. 她不会轻易放弃自己的孩子的。 1.(2010·湖南卷)Dina，________for months to find a job as a waitress，finally took a position at a local advertising agency. A．struggling B．struggled C．having struggled
D．to struggle 解析： 句意为：几个月以来，Dina一直努力想找一份女服务员的工作，最终她在当地一家广告代理处谋到了一个职位。本题考查非谓语动词作状语。设空处与句子主语为逻辑上的主谓关系，故排除B项；不定式作状语一般表示目的，故排除D项；C项相当于：Dina had struggled for months to find a job as a waitress.而A项相当于：Dina was struggling for months to find a job as a waitress.根据句意可知，C项更符合要求，故为答案。 答案： C equip vt.& vi.装备；配备 教材原句P10：He therefore gives millions of yuan to equip others for their research in agriculture. 因此，他资助几百万元供其他人进行农业研究。
①We must equip young teachers to deal with difficult children. 我们必须让年轻教师具备对付问题学生的能力。 ②Equipped with new scientific farming methods，they have been able to use less farmland than in the past.因为掌握了科学的农耕新方法，现在，他们可以使用更少的农田进行耕种。 ③She was fully equipped for the climbing. 她装备齐全准备登山。 ④We want our son to have an education that will equip him for later life. 我们想让儿子接受能为其日后生活打下基础的教育。
2.________they set out to break the record for crosschannel swimming. A．Well equipped
B．Well equipping C．Well equips
D．To equip 解析： equip和they之间是被动关系，所以用well equipped过去分词作状语。 答案： A
3．完成句子 The sailors were told to______________________________(装备好一切东西) they would need for the voyage. 答案： equip themselves with everything confuse vt.使迷惑；使为难；使混乱；混淆 教材原句P13：It is important to explain this again or we will confuse the students. 把这个再解释一遍很重要，否则我们就会使学生感到迷惑。 (1)confuse...and/with...把……和……混淆 (2)confusion n．混乱；迷惑 (3)confused adj.困惑的，烦恼的(以人作主语) (4)confusing adj.令人费解的；使人困惑的(以物作主语)
4.用confuse的适当形式填空： Judging from his________expression，he didn’t understand the________problem referring to teenagers’ mental health. 答案： confused；confusing regret v．可惜，后悔，遗憾；惋惜；n.遗憾，抱歉
①It’s no use regretting what you have done. 后悔你做过的事情没有用。 ②I regret that I am unable to accept your kind invitation. 很遗憾，我不能接受你的友好邀请。 ③I have always regretted not having studied harder at school. 我一直后悔在校期间没能努力学习。 ④We think，much to our regret，that we will not be able to visit you next year.让我们深感遗憾的是，我们认为明年不能去拜访你了。 ⑤We regret to inform you that your application has not been successful.我们很遗憾的通知您，您的申请未通过。
5．(安徽高考)—Robert is indeed a wise man. —Oh，yes.How often I have regretted________his advice! A．to take
B．taking C．not to takeD．not taking 解析： regret (not) doing/having done sth.表示“后悔 (没)做 (了)某事”。 答案： D 6．—Mr Black，what about my application? —Oh，I regret________you that it hasn’t been successful. A．telling
B．to tell C．having toldD．said 解析： 句意为：——布莱克先生，我的申请如何？——噢，我很遗憾地告诉你，它未通过。由句意可知为“遗憾地要去干某事”，故选择regret to do的形式。 答案： B thanks to幸亏；由于；因为 教材原句P10：Thanks to his research，the UN has more tools in the battle to rid the world of hunger.多亏了他的研究，联合国在消除世界饥饿的战斗中又多了些方法。
①It was thanks to his advice that I succeeded. 多亏了他的忠告我才得以成功。 ②Thanks to his effort，it is more successful than we have expected.由于他的努力，我们获得了比预期更大的成功。 ③The accident was due to his careless driving. 事故是由于他的粗心驾驶造成的。 ④Owing to/Thanks to your timely help，we finished the work ahead of time.由于你及时的帮助，我们提前完成了工作。 ⑤As a result of the bad weather，the football match was put off. 由于天气不好，足球赛被推迟了。
7.(2010～2011·河北唐山一中模拟)________to the man’s timely coming，the________boy was saved. A．Thanking；drown B．Thanks；drowned C．Thanked；drowns D．Thanks；drowning 解析： thanks to多亏，由于，为固定词组，没有thanking to和thanked to词组，A项和C项可排除。drowned淹死的；drowning被淹的；溺水的。 答案： D be satisfied with对……表示满足或满意 教材原句P10：Dr Yuan is quite satisfied with his life. 袁博士很满意他的生活。
①You’ve done well at school.I’m very satisfied with you. 你在学校干得不错，我对你很满意。 ②Satisfied with what I said，mother agreed that I could go swimming with my classmates. 对我说的满意，母亲同意我与同学一起去游泳。 ③Nothing satisfies him—he is always complaining. 什么都难如他的意——他老在抱怨。 (1)
(2)
(1)
(2)
由于，因为
(1) 对……满意
be satisfied to do对做……感到满意
(2)(much) to one’s satisfaction
＝to the satisfaction of sb.使某人满意的是
(3)satisfy vt.满足，使满意
(2)would rather＋从句
would rather have done本来想……而未实现
③—Do you mind if I smoke？你介意我抽烟吗？
—Well，I’d rather (that) you didn’t.嗯，最好别抽。
④I would rather I had met him yesterday.
要是昨天我见到他就好了。