5．While working in the country，the students________ a great
deal of knowledge on plant life.
A．looked up
B．picked up
C．put up
D．called up
解析：句意为：学生们在乡下工作时，学到了许多有关植物
的知识。A项查找；B项(无意中，自然地)了解，学会，掌
握；C项张贴，投宿；D项打电话。
答案：B 6．The chance I am looking forward to________at last!
A．come
B．coming
C．Came
D．has come
解析：句意为：我一直盼望的机会终于来了。该句子主语为
The chance，谓语为came，中间是省掉that的定语从句。
答案：C 7．The noise from outside the house almost kept them ________
throughout the night.Now he is________awake.
A．waked；very
B．awake；wide
C．waking；widely
D．awaked；quite
解析：句意为：屋外的噪音使他们几乎一夜未眠。现在他完
全醒着。形容词awake作宾补，表示状态；wide作为副词，是
“完全，彻底”之意；widely意为“广泛地”。
答案：B 8．The book________forty maps，________that of Great
Britain.
A．contains；includes
B．is containing；including
C．includes；contains
D．contains；including
解析：句意为：这本书含有四十张地图，包括英国地图。
contain强调内容，including是介词，“包括”强调范围。
答案：D 9．I’ve worked with children before，so I know
what_______in my new job.
A．Expected
B．to expect
C．to be expecting
D．expects
解析：know后不能直接接to do作宾语，但可接疑问词
＋to do作宾语。
答案：B 10．Do you know wind is a kind of________？Many countries
are trying to make full use of it.
A．energy
B．Source
C．power
D．material
解析：energy能，能量，体力；source资源；power力
量，权力；material材料，意为：风是一种能。
答案：A 11．It was playing computer games that________the boy plenty of
time that________doing his lessons.
A．spent；must have been spent
B．cost；ought to have been spent
C．wasted；might have been spent
D．took；can have been spent
解析：句意为：是玩电脑游戏使这个小孩浪费了大量的本该学
习的时间。这是一个强调句型，强调主语playing computer
games，后跟that引导一个带虚拟语气的定语从句修饰time。
答案：B 1．构成：be＋及物动词的过去分词
其变化规则如下： 一般现在时 am/is/are ＋done 一般过去时 was/were ＋done 一般将来时 shall/will be
done 现在完成时 have/has been
done 现在进行时 am/is/are being done 过去进行时 was/were being done 过去完成时 had been done 2.用法
(1)不知道或没必要或不想指出谁是动作的执行者。
The programme is operated by villagers.规划由村民们
来执行。
The photo is put in a safe place.那张照片被放在一个安
全的地方。
(2)强调或突出动作的承受者。
New China was founded in 1949.新中国成立于1949年。 3．使用被动语态时的注意点
（1）连系动词，不及物动词或不及物动词短语不能用被动态。
The story happened last year.故事发生在去年。
The American Civil War lasted four years.美国内战持续了四
年。
（2）表所属关系的动词及词组无被动态，如：have，belong to，
equal，mean，lack等
Lions and tigers belong to the cat family.狮子和老虎属于猫科。
（3）动词look，smell，sound，taste，feel等用作连系动词时无被
动态，但含有被动意义。
The soup tastes delicious.这汤味道很好。 （4）一些动词如：sell，read，write，wash，wear，lock，open
等后常接副词，表示主语的性能时，不用被动态。
The sweater washes well.这件毛衣很耐洗。 （5）不定式作定语修饰名词时，如果句子的主语或宾语是不定
式动作的执行者，即便不定式与所修饰的名词成被动关系，不
定式要用主动代替被动；如果句子的主语或宾语不是不定式动
作的执行者，则仍用被动态。
She asked me to lend her something to read.她要我借点东西给
她看看。
Do you have anything to be typed，sir？I’m free now.先生，你
有要打的东西吗？我现在有空。 （6）当easy，difficult，hard，heavy，light，interesting，
nice，fit，dangerous，important等形容词后面接不定式时，
不定式通常要用主动形式表被动含义。
The water in this well is fit to drink.这口井里的水可以饮用。 （7）to blame，to let常用主动表被动含义。
I am to blame.这怪我。
The house is to let.这房子要出租。 （8）行为动词need，want，require，demand(需要)以及
deserve(值得)后接动词，该动词与前面主语成被动关系时，
该动词要用主动动名词doing或被动不定式to be done.
The room needs cleaning.＝The room needs to be cleaned.这
房子需要打扫了。 （9）be worth后只能接动名词的主动式表被动。
The film is worth seeing.这电影值得一看。 语法专练 1．He will stop showing off，if no notice________of him.
A．takes
B．has taken
C．is taken
D．will be taken
解析：是短语take notice of将宾语notice提前构成被动态。
答案：C 2．A new cinema________here.They hope to finish it next month.
A．will be built
B．is built
C．has been built
D．is being built
解析：be being done表一个被动动作正发生。
答案：D 3．Hundreds of jobs________if the factory closes.
A．lose
B．will be lost
C．are lost
D．will lose
解析：jobs与lose是被动关系，且条件状语从句用一般现在
时，主句用将来时。
答案：B 4．________roses________sweet?
A．Are；smelling
B．Do；smell
C．Do；taste
D．Are；smelt
解析：smell/taste/look/sound/feel是系动词，无被动，无进行时。
答案：B 5．The thief________when he was stealing the wallet from a woman.
A．happened to notice
B．was happened to be noticed
C．happened to be noticed
D．was taken place to be noticed
解析：happen/take place无被动态，notice与thief存在被动关系。
答案：C 6．Dresses of this modern fashion________well.
A．sell
B．are sold
C．is sold
D．will be sold
解析：表主语的性质、性能的动词后常接副词，用主动代替被动。
答案：A 7．________the four northern islands________to Japan?
A．Are；belonged
B．Are；belong
C．Do；belong
D．Do；be belonged
解析：belong to(属于)无被动态。
答案：C 8．He is ill.A doctor________.
A．has been sent for
B．has sent for
C．was sent in
D．will send for
解析：send for表“派人去请……”与doctor成被动关系。
答案：A 9．The hero’s story________differently in the newspapers.
A．was reported
B．was reporting
C．reports
D．reported
解析：story与report为被动关系。
答案：A 10．He________the rain and is wet through and through.
A．has been caught in
B．has caught
C．was caught by
D．caught
解析：be caught in the rain(淋雨)为固定短语。
答案：A 11．His advice________.
A．doesn’t ought to be asked B．oughtn’t be asked for
C．oughtn’t to be asked for
D．oughtn’t to being asked for
解析：ought to后接动词原形，advice与ask for成被动关系。
答案：C 12．Enough________on how to take useful things out of
rubbish.So much for today.
A．has been said
B．was said
C．has said
D．had been said
解析：句意为：关于如何从垃圾中提取有利东西已经说得够
多的了。enough与say成被动关系，且强调对说话时的影响。
答案：A 1．The police found that the house________and a lot of
things________.
A．has broken into；has been stolen
B．had broken into；had been stolen
C．has been broken into；stolen
D．had been broken into；stolen
解析：that从句所表示的动作发生在过去式found之前，故用
过去完成时，且break into与house，steal与a lot of things成被
动关系。
答案：D 2．________many times，but he still couldn’t understand it.
A．Having been told
B．Though he had been told
C．He had been told
D．Having told
解析：连词but在这儿连接的是转折关系的并列句，故A，D
错。Though与but不能连用。
答案：C 3．What theories do you think________better understanding how
everything in nature works?
A．of applying to
B．are applied to
C．apply for
D．of applying for
解析：do you think为插入成分，主语为theories，故排除A项
和D项；be applied to...“适用于”，apply for“申请”。
答案：B 4．At least twenty people were injured in the car
accident，three children________.
A．Contained
B．including
C．were included
D．included
解析：included adj.用于n./pron.之后；including prep.用
于名词之前。这不是一个主语从句或并列句，所以C项错。
答案：D 5．In India，it has been suggested that the land________equally
among the peasants，whose smiles suggest that
they________very satisfied.
A．should share；should be
B．be shared；are
C．should be shared；be
D．be shared；should be
解析：考查虚拟语气。suggest作“建议”说时，后面从句的动
词要用虚拟；作“表明，暗示”讲不用虚拟。且土地是被分享。
答案：B 【例1】 The way the guests________in the hotel influenced their
evaluation of the service.
(2009·北京，27)
A．treated
B．were treated
C．would treat
D．would be treated 【解题方法指导】 句意：客人们在旅馆中被招待的方式影响到对他们
服务的评价。此题考查时态、语态。根据题意，客人是被招待的，应
排除A、C两项；influenced时间提示为一般过去时，故选B。
答案：B 教材原文对照 Every year in September or October,the MidAutumn Festival is celebrated by the Chinese people all over the world.
(P36） 【例2】 My parents have promised to come to see me before
I________for Africa.
(2009·辽宁，31)
A．have left
B．leave
C．left
D．will leave
【解题方法指导】 句意：我父母已经答应在我去非洲之前来看
我。不定式to come to see me表示的是将来动作，before引导的
时间状语从句需用一般现在时。
答案：B 教材原文对照 Before we went to bed,we left some wine and biscuits for Father Christmas and then put our stockings at the end of our beds.(P42) 【例3】 The meal over，the managers went back to the
meeting room to________their discussion.
(2009·天津，7)
A．put away
B．take down
C．look over
D．carry on
【解题方法指导】 考查动词词组辨析。句意：饭后，经理们
又回到会议室继续他们的讨论。put away放好，储存……以
备用，处理掉，放弃，抛弃；take down拿下，记下，拆
卸，病倒；look over从……上面看，查看，检查，原谅，调
查，从上面看过去；carry on继续开展，坚持。
答案：D 教材原文对照 It didn’t seem possible,but we carried on eating.
(P42） Module 1 Unit 3 Celebration
重点单词 1．apply vt.vi.申请 【精讲拓展】 apply for申请(得到) apply to sb.for sth.向某人申请某物 apply sth.to sth.把……应用于…… apply to sb./sth.适用于某人/某物 apply oneself/one’s mind to sth.专心于…… make an application for申请 【典型例句】 He applied himself to learning French.他致力于学习法语。
[朗文当代] The theory does not apply to every case.这一理论并不适用于
所有的情况。
[朗文当代] We’ve applied to the council for a home improvement grant. 我们已向市政会申请改善住房的拨款。
[朗文当代] I’ve sent off applications for four different jobs.我投寄申请4
份不同工作的求职信。
[剑桥高阶] 即学即用 ①I________four universities and was accepted by all of them.
A．was applied
B．was applied to
C．applied to
D．applied for
解析：句意为：“我申请了四所大学，全都录取我了。”apply
for sth.申请某东西；apply to向……提出申请。
答案：D 2．contribute vt.&vi.捐献，贡献，捐助；投稿 【精讲拓展】 contribute sth.to sb.捐赠……给…… contribute to sth.为……做贡献；有助于；促成某事物 make a contribution to对……作贡献 【典型例句】 Fresh air contributes to our health.新鲜空气有助于健康。 [朗文当代] She regularly contributes to the college magazine.她定期给校刊投稿。
[朗文当代] He contributed all his time and energy to his work. 他把所有的时间与精力都用于工作上。
[朗文当代] This invention made a major contribution to road safety. 这项发明对道路安全作出了卓越贡献。
[剑桥高阶] 即学即用 ②An increase in the price of drugs has________the rising cost
of medical care.
A．contributed to
B．turned to
C．got used to
D．come to
解析：句意为：“药品价格的上涨导致医疗费日益增
加。”contribute to导致，相当于cause，B项翻到，求助
于，C项习惯于，D项达到某种状态。
答案：A 3．occasion n．时刻，场合
【精讲拓展】
on this/that occasion此时/彼时 on occasion有时，偶尔 an
occasion for sth.……时机，机会
【典型例句】
A wedding is an occasion for celebration.婚礼是欢庆的时刻。
[朗文当代]
This is hardly the occasion for a family argument.这个时候不宜
为家事争吵。
[朗文当代]
He has on occasion made a small mistake.他有时犯点小错误。
[剑桥高阶]
I seem to remember that on that occasion he was with his wife.
我好像记得那一次他和她的妻子在一起。
[剑桥高阶] 即学即用
翻译句子
③我只在特殊场合才打领带。
______________________________________________ 4．follow vt.跟随；遵守；听从；理解；效仿
【精讲拓展】
follow sb.’s advice听从某人的忠告
follow sb.’s example以某人为榜样
follow sb.’s footsteps步某人的后尘
follow the crowd随大流
as follows如下 I only wear a tie on special occasions. 【典型例句】
The lightning was followed by a great crash of thunder.
闪电之后紧接着是轰隆隆的一阵雷声。
[朗文当代]
My opinions are as follows.我的看法如下。
[朗文当代]
I decided to follow her advice and go to bed early.
我决定听从她的建议，早早上床睡觉。
[剑桥高阶]
His lecture was complicated and difficult to follow.他的讲座
复杂又难懂。
[剑桥高阶] 即学即用 ④She stayed with us until the________afternoon. A．tomorrow
B．fling
C．following
D．forthcoming 解析：句意：“她和我们一直呆到第二天下午。”tomorrow 明天，前面不能用定冠词；B项投，抛掷；D项即将到来 的，常用于将来时态。 答案：C 5．attend vi.&vt.出席，参加；照料，护理
【精讲拓展】
attend a meeting/lecture出席会议/听演讲
attend school/church上学/去教堂
attend a wedding/funeral参加婚礼/葬礼
attend(on/upon)sb.服侍/照料/陪同某人
attend to处理，注意，专心于 【典型例句】 Are you being attended to？有人招待你吗？(店员对客人的问候语)
[朗文当代] Please attend to what she is saying.请注意听她说。[朗文当代] Excuse me，but I have an urgent matter to attend to.对不起，我有 急事需要处理。
[朗文当代] Over two hundred people attended the funeral.两百多人参加了葬
礼。
[剑桥高阶] 即学即用 ⑤He was________by his servant. A．was attended
B．was looked after
C．was taken care of
D．all above 解析：句意：“他由仆人照顾”。attend，look after，take
care of均为“照顾”之意。 答案：D 6．congratulation n．祝贺
【精讲拓展】
congratulate sb.on sth.就某事向某人祝贺
offer one’s congratulations致贺词，道贺
congratulations to you！祝贺你！
celebrate vt.庆祝，后接物，如庆祝仪式，典礼，生日等 【典型例句】 How do people celebrate New Year in your country？你们国家的人怎样庆贺新年？
[朗文当代] We congratulate her on having come first in her exams.我们祝贺她考试得了第一名。
[朗文当代] Congratulations on your promotion！祝贺你得到晋升！[美国传统]
翻译句子
⑥我对你的成功致以最热烈的祝贺。
_______________________________________________ 7．serve vt.招待，侍候，服务 vi.服役
【精讲拓展】
serve sb.with sth.＝serve sth.to sb.向某人提供某物
serve in the army服兵役
serve as担任，充当
First come，first served按先来后到对待
at sb.’s service＝at the service of sb.
听……差遣；随时准备为……做事 I send you my warmest congratulations on your success. 【典型例句】
She served as a guide at last.最后她当了一名导游。[朗文当代]
He served in the Air Force during the war.战争期间他在空军
服役。
[美国传统]
The company serves the city with gas.这家公司为这个城市供应
煤气。
[朗文当代]
If you need advice，I am at your service.你要是需要参考意
见，我可以随时帮你点忙。
[朗文当代] 即学即用 ⑦We should work hard to________the people.
A．serve for
B．serve as
C．serve
D．serve in
解析：句意：我们应该努力工作为人民服务。serve当“为……
服务”讲不接介词for；serve as充当；serve in服役。
答案：C 8．cover vt.盖，掩盖；行过(路程)；报道；包含涉及；足以支付
【典型例句】
The ground is covered with snow.地面覆盖着雪。
[朗文当代]
Will five dollars cover the cost of it？5美元够了吗？
[美国传统]
We covered many topics in our conversation.我们的谈话涉及
到许多话题。
[朗文当代]
How many pages have you covered？你看了多少页了？
[朗文当代] 即学即用
⑧________from the moon，our earth，with water ________
seventy percent of its surface，appears as a“blue ball”．
A．Seen；covered
B．Seeing；covering
C．Seen；covering
D．To see；to cover
解析：句意为：从月球上看，水体占了70%的地球看似是一个蓝
色的球体。seen作状语，与our earth成被动关系；后面是由
with的复合结构作定语修饰our earth，且cover与surface成主
动关系。
答案：C 9．marry vi.&vt.结婚
【精讲拓展】
marry sb.嫁/娶某人
marry sb.to sb.把……嫁给……
be married(to sb.)与某人结婚(强调状态)
get married(to sb.)与某人结婚(强调动作) 【典型例句】
She wants to marry her daughter to a rich man.她想把女儿
嫁给一个有钱人。
[朗文当代]
Tom and Mary are both teachers and they have been
married for ten years.
汤姆和玛丽都是老师，他们结婚已十年了。
[朗文当代]
He married late in life.他结婚得晚。
[朗文当代]
She married him in Paris.她和他在巴黎结婚。[美国传统] 即学即用 ⑨At the age of twentytwo，Jill________a businessman of
her own choice.
A．had been married
B．had married
C．was married
D．married
解析：be married中的married为形容词，后不能直接接
宾语，必须要有to后面才能跟宾语。
答案：D 重点短语
depend on vi.依赖，依靠；取决于，视……而定 【精讲拓展】
depend on/upon sb./sth.依靠(相信)某人/某事
depend on/upon sb.to do sth.指望某人做某事
depend on/upon it that ...相信，指望……
It/That depends.那得看情况。
depend on it常用于句首或句末，意为“请放心，没问题” 【典型例句】
Depend on it，we shall succeed in time.放心吧，我们会成功
的。
[朗文当代]
All living things depend on the sun for their growth.万物生长
靠太阳。
[朗文当代]
You may depend on it that they will support you.你放心好
了，他们会支持你的。
[朗文当代]
You can depend on me to be on time.你放心，我会准时的。
[美国传统] 即学即用 完成句子 ⑩You can’t________ ________him________ ________you.你不能指
望他帮助你。 ⑪You can’t________ ________your parents.你不能依靠父母了。 depend on to help depend on 重点句型
At the bottom of the bed was the stocking，now full of all kinds
of small presents and sweets.装了各种各样的小礼物和糖果的长
统袜放在床的底部。 【精讲拓展】
表示方位的介词短语置于句首且主语是名词时，句子要用完全
倒装。
在以here，there，out，in，up，down，away等副词开头的句
子，谓语动词常是come，go，leave，fly，rush，jump等，且
主语是名词时，句子要用完全倒装。 【典型例句】
Out rushed the children.孩子们冲了出去。
There goes the bell.铃声响了。
From the valley came a frightening sound.从山谷里传来了
一声可怕的声音。
翻译句子
⑫城市南面有一家大工厂。
___________________________________________ South of the city lies a big factory. 名师原创 1．Some laidoff workers delightedly took up the work
to________patients in hospitals.
A．take on
B．look on
C．depend on
D．wait on
解析：句意为：一些下岗工人愿意去从事照顾病人的工
作。A“呈现”；B“旁观”；C“依赖，依靠”；D“照顾，照料”。
答案：D 2．This kind of cloth________well and________long.
A．washes；is lasted
B．is washed；lasting
C．washes；lasts
D．is washing；lasting
解析：句意为：这种布料很好洗，又耐久。wash，write
等动词后接well，easily等副词表主语性质、性能时用主
动代替被动，last持续，无被动态。
答案：C 3．________the end of next July this task________finished.
A．At；will have been
B．At；will be
C．By；will have been
D．By；will be
解析：句意为：到明年七月底时，这项工作将会完工。
答案：C 4．________seems to be something important in today’s
newspaper.
A．It
B．That
C．This
D．There
解析：句意为：今天的报纸上似乎有重要内容。There be句型。
答案：D