2017届英语高三二轮复习：第一板块第11讲课下作业—名词性从句

　　1. (2011·山东师大附中第七次质量检测)Pointing to the house on________roof grew lots of bush，the old man told me that was________I would stay.

　　A．its；what

　　B．whose；what

　　C．whose；where

　　D．its；where

　　解析　 考查名词性从句的引导词。第一空引导宾语从句，作roof的定语，所以用whose，第二空为where引导的表语从句。

　　答案　C

　　2．The news________ is spreading around this area is________ a heavy storm is coming.

　　A. what；/

　　B. that；that

　　C. /；that

　　D. that；which

　　解析　同位语从句及表语从句中的连接词that虽然没有任何意思，也不充当任何成分，但一般不能省略，所以第二空填that，用来引导同位语从句。第一空处为定语从句，引导词that在从句中作主语，不能省。因此本题答案选B。

　　答案　B

　　3. After more than ten years’ study, they realized________they thought was the whole family’s dream________ he had been working for.

　　A. where; which

　　B. that; that

　　C. which; where

　　D. what; that

　　解析　 考查宾语从句及定语从句。第一空考查what引导的宾语从句，what在其中作主语；第二空考查定语从句，the whole family’s作先行词，that作for的宾语。

　　答案　D

　　4．(2011·桂林十八校第一次月考) A normal young child gains great pleasure when________ he(she) does pleases his(her) mother.

　　A. that

　　B. if

　　C. as

　　D. what

　　解析　 考查what引导的从句，在when引导的时间状语从句中作主语，且在从句中作宾语。

　　答案　D

　　5．(2011·四川成都外国语学校9月考)________made many contestants angry is________was called the fair play turned out to be unfair at all.

　　A. What; that what

　　B. What; what

　　C. It; that

　　D. It; what that

　　解析　 第一空为what引导的主语从句，第二空为that引导的表语从句，其后为what引导的主语从句。

　　答案　A

　　6. He told me the news, believe it or not，________he had earned $1 000 in a single day.

　　A. that

　　B. which

　　C. as

　　D. because

　　解析　 that引导同位语从句，说明the news的具体内容。

　　答案　A

　　7. They lost their way in the forest, and________made matters worse was that night began to fall.

　　A. it

　　B. which

　　C. that

　　D. what

　　解析　what made matters worse 是主语从句(注意其后有谓语动词was)，相当于 the thing that made matters worse。

　　答案　D

　　8. Patience is a kind of quality and that is________it takes to do anything well.

　　A. what

　　B. which

　　C. which

　　D. how

　　解析　what 引导的是表语从句，相当于 the thing that it takes to do anything well。

　　答案　A

　　9. It has come to my notice________some of you have missed classes.

　　A. what

　　B. which

　　C. that

　　D. when

　　解析　that 引导的是一个主语从句，句首的it为形式主语。

　　答案　C

　　10. “What were you trying to prove to the police？” “ ________I was last night.”

　　A. That

　　B. When

　　C. Where

　　D. What

　　解析　答句为省略句，其完整形式为 I was trying to prove to the police where I was last night，在此 where 引导的是一个宾语从句。类似地，下面选 C：

　　“________made her struggle to become an artist so hard？” “________she was a woman.”

　　A. What, What

　　B. That, That

　　C. What, That

　　D. That, What

　　答案　C

　　11. Country life gives him peace and quiet, which is________he can’t enjoy while living in big cities.

　　A. that

　　B. why

　　C. where

　　D. what

　　解析　what 引导的是表语从句，what 在此相当于 the things that。

　　答案　D

　　12. It is pretty well understood ________controls the flow of carbon dioxide in and out the atmosphere today.

　　A. that

　　B. when

　　C. what

　　D. how

　　解析　句首的 it 是形式主语，空格处所填词用于引导主语从句。由于该主语从句中又缺主语，故排除A、B、D。(注意：不能选 A，因为 that 引导名词性从句时不能充当句子成分)

　　答案　C

　　13．________she couldn’t understand was________fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons.

　　A. What; why

　　B. That; what

　　C. What; because

　　D. Why; that

　　解析　第一空填 what，是因为该主语从句中的动词 understand 缺宾语；why 和 because 均可引导表语从句，其区别是： why 引导表语从句强调结果，because 引导表语从句强调原因。句中空格后表明的是结果，故用 why。

　　答案　A

　　14．________ we are doing has never been done before.

　　A. That

　　B. What

　　C. Which

　　D. Whether

　　解析　what 在此引导主语从句且在从句作宾语，它相当于 the thing that。

　　答案　B

　　15. People have heard________the President has said; they are waiting to see________he will do.

　　A. how, how

　　B. what, what

　　C. when, how

　　D. that, what

　　解析　两空均填 what，均用于引导宾语从句，因为两个宾语从句中的动词 said 和do 均缺宾语，而在各个选项中只有 what 可用作宾语。

　　答案　B

　　读写同步加强专栏

　　　读书之法，在循序而渐进，熟读而精思

　　阅读理解

　　A

　　SALT LAKE CITY，March 1,2010－Like silkworm moths(吞蛾)，butterflies and spiders，caddisfly larvae(虫蛾幼虫)spin silk，but they do so underwater instead of on dry land.Now，University of Utah researchers have discovered why the fly’s silk is sticky(黏性的)when wet and how that may make it valuable as an adhesive tape(黏胶带)during an operation.

　　“Silk from caddisfly larvae may be useful some day as a medical adhesive for sticking wet tissues，”says Russell Stewart，an associate professor of bioengineering and principal author of a new study of the fly silk’s chemical and structural properties.

　　“I picture it as sort of a wet Band­Aid，maybe used inside in operations－like using a piece of tape to close a cut，”he adds.“Gluing things together underwater is not easy.Have you ever tried to put a Band­Aid on in the shower？This insect has been doing this for 150 million to 200 million years.”

　　There are thousands of caddisfly species worldwide.Some species spend their larval stages developing underwater，and build an inch­long，tube­shaped case or shelter around themselves using sticky silk and grains of rock or sand.Other species use silk，small sticks and pieces of leaves.Each larva has a head and four legs that stick out from the tube.The larval case gets wider as the larva grows.A caddisfly larva eventually pupates(化蛹)as it develops into an adult fly and then hatches.

　　Caddisflies now live around the world in waters ranging from fast streams to quiet low­lying wet land.The caddisflies’ adaptation to diverse habitats is largely due to the inventive use by their larva of underwater silk to build complex structures for protection and food gathering.

　　Caddisflies fall into two groups.Some build their case and then drag it along with them underwater as they search for food.Some build a shelter glued to a rock，with a silk net to catch passing food.

　　本文是一篇资讯报道。石蛾的幼虫能够吐丝，这种丝的特别之处在于它能够在水下照样具有黏性。如果进行具体的研究，它们将被用于医疗方面。

　　1．According to Russell Stewart，caddisfly larvae ________.

　　A．can spin silk underwater or on dry land

　　B．are worth researching

　　C．are quite different from butterflies and spiders

　　D．have been widely used in the medical field

　　解析　推理判断题。根据第二段中的Silk from caddisfly larvae may be useful some day as a medical adhesive for sticking wet tissues可以推断，石蛾的幼虫值得研究。

　　答案　B

　　2．The author mentions “Band­Aid”in the passage to show ________.

　　A．Band­Aids are very useful

　　B．Band­Aids can’t be used in operations

　　C．it’s not easy for caddisfly larvae to live underwater

　　D．silk from caddisfly larvae has an advantage over Band­Aids

　　解析　细节理解题。文章第三段说到Band­Aid在水中就失去作用，不能黏贴到身体上，然后由Band­Aid引入石蛾吐的丝的特别之处——在水下仍然具有黏性。

　　答案　D

　　3．The underlined word“it”in the last paragraph probably refers to ________.

　　A．the silk　

　　B．the shelter

　　C．the food

　　D．the rock

　　解析　代词指代题。it在这里指的是case，再由第四段中的build an inch­long，tube­shaped case or shelter around themselves可知，case和shelter指的是同一物。

　　答案　B

　　4．The passage is most probably a ________.

　　A．science fiction novel

　　B．science news report

　　C．biography of researchers

　　D．social affairs report

　　解析　文章体裁题。由第一段SALTLAKE CITY，March 1,2010可推断本文是一篇资讯体裁的文章。故答案为B。

　　答案　B

　　B

　　It spins.It grows.It’s a huge，floating “garbage patch”，sometimes referred to as the “eighth continent”．

　　Located in the Pacific Ocean between California and Hawaii and measuring roughly twice the size of Texas，this strange mass is home to hundreds of species of sea life and is constantly expanding.Without an official title，it is known as “The Great Pacific Garbage Patch”．The island consists almost entirely of man­made trash.It currently weighs approximately 3.5 million tons,80 per cent of which is plastic.

　　The air movement is further trapping the garbage.“With the winds blowing in，it’s the perfect environment for trapping，”according to an article in the San Francisco Chronicle.

　　The garbage is doing what could be irreparable(不可弥补的)harm to sea life，the water it’s in，and eventually humans.

　　Though plastic can break down into smaller and smaller pieces over time，its original molecular composition(分子成分)won’t change.The result is a great amount of fine plastic sand that looks like food.Unfortunately，that cannot be digested，so sea birds or fish can eventually starve to death with a stomach full of plastic，for the plastic sand in a creature’s body contains poisonous chemicals.

　　According to Chris Parry of the California Coastal Commission，regrettably little can be done about the patch.“Cleaning it up isn’t an option...it’s just going to get bigger as our reliance(依赖)on plastics continues，”said Parry.“The long­term solution is to decrease plastic production at home and change our consumption habits.”

　　Cleaning up the patch will likely cost billions of dollars and，as a matter of fact，be more difficult than vacuuming(用真空吸尘器清扫)every inch of the United States.So far，no country has come up with a solution，possibly because no nation wishes to claim responsibility.

　　两个德克萨斯州那么大的一堆垃圾在太平洋上漂，会是怎样的景象呢？

　　5．According to Para.5，sea birds on the garbage patch may die because ________.

　　A．the plastic in their body is poisonous

　　B．they are hunted by humans

　　C．they drink water polluted by plastic

　　D．they can’t find food

　　解析　推理判断题。由塑料垃圾分解而成的小颗粒与沙子混在一起，有时候小鸟会误把其当作食物吃了，这些塑料里面含有至死的毒性化学物。

　　答案　A

　　6．To solve the problem，Chris Parry suggests that we ________.

　　A．break down plastic

　　B．use something else in place of plastic

　　C．clean up the patch

　　D．call for all the nations to claim responsibility

　　解析　细节理解题。由倒数第二段最后一句The long­term solution is to decrease plastic production at home and change our consumption habits可知B项正确。

　　答案　B

　　7．We can learn from the passage that ________.

　　A．the garbage patch causes no harm to humans currently

　　B．no effective measures have been taken to get rid of the garbage patch

　　C．the garbage patch stays the same size in the past several years

　　D．dealing with the garbage patch is virtually easy

　　解析　推理判断题。由文章最后一句So far，no country has come up with a solution，possibly because no nation wishes to claim responsibility可知答案。

　　答案　B

　　8．What’s the author’s tone in writing this passage?

　　A．Humorous.

　　B．Irritated.

　　C．Doubtful.

　　D．Concerned.

　　解析　观点态度题。从文章第四、五段作者描述这些垃圾带来的危害，以及第六、七段作者描述这些垃圾不易被处理可知作者写本文的语气是担忧的。故答案为D。

　　答案　D1. When you answer questions in a job interview, please remember the golden rule: Always give the monkey exactly________he wants.

　　A. what　B. which

　　C. when

　　D. that

　　解析　what 引导宾语从句。由于动词 wants 缺宾语，所以填 what。句意是：当你找工作面试回答问题时，请记住这条黄金定律：永远给予对方确实想要的东西。

　　答案　A

　　2. These wild flowers are so special I would do ________I can to save them.

　　A. whatever

　　B. that

　　C. which

　　D. whichever

　　解析　I can to save them 为 I can do to save them 之略，此句中的 do 缺宾语，故选 whatever。

　　答案　A

　　3．________she was invited to the ball made her very happy.

　　A. What

　　B. That

　　C. When

　　D. Because

　　解析　that 在此引导主语从句，无词义，也不充当句子成分。注意不要根据中文意思选 D，因为 because 不用于引导主语从句。

　　答案　B

　　4. Eat________cake you like and leave the others for________comes in late.

　　A. any, who

　　B. every, whoever

　　C. whichever, whoever

　　D. either, whoever

　　解析　两个空格处均为引导宾语从句的引导词，而四个选项中两者可引导宾语从句的只有 C。

　　答案　C

　　5. I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella.________I got wet through.

　　A. It’s the reason

　　B. That’s why

　　C. There’s why

　　D. That’s because

　　解析　比较 That’s why...与 That’s because...：前者用于强调结果，后者用于强调原因。如下面一题选 D：

　　I got wet all through.________I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella.

　　A. It’s the reason

　　B. That’s why

　　C. There’s why

　　D. That’s because

　　答案　B

　　6．________has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising.

　　A. Who

　　B. The one

　　C. Anyone

　　D. Whoever

　　解析　由 is worth praising 这一谓语可知前面是主语从句，排除不能引导从句的 B 项和 C 项；whoever 引导主语从句表示“任何……的人”，在此它相当于 anyone who。

　　答案　D

　　7．________ medicine works in a human body is a question ________not everyone can understand fully.

　　A. How; that

　　B. That; which

　　C. That; which

　　D. What; that

　　解析　how 引导主语从句，that 引导同位语从句。

　　答案　A

　　8．(2011·河南实验中学第一次月考)It was a matter of________would take the position.

　　A. who

　　B. whoever

　　C. whom

　　D. whomever

　　解析　 考查who引导的宾语从句。

　　答案　A

　　9．The pictures in this book help make ________ clear________ I wasn’t sure of before.

　　A. it；for me to understand what

　　B. it；everything

　　C. everything；to understand what

　　D. /；what

　　解析　it为形式宾语，what从句为真正的宾语，what又在宾语从句中作of的宾语。

　　答案　A

　　10．It was curious that he seemed not merely to have lost the power of expressing himself，but even to have forgotten________ he had originally intended to say.

　　A. what was it

　　B. why it was that

　　C. how that was

　　D. what it was that

　　解析　forgotten后面是一个宾语从句，从句中缺宾语，同时又是强调结构用在宾语从句中，故选D。

　　答案　D