2017届高考英语一轮单元总复习教案精品荟萃:外研版必修四Module 4《Great Scientists》-查字典英语网
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2017届高考英语一轮单元总复习教案精品荟萃:外研版必修四Module 4《Great Scientists》

发布时间:2017-02-23  编辑:查字典英语网小编

  2017届高考英语一轮单元总复习讲义精品荟萃外研版必修四Module 4

  知识详解

  1

  support vt.& n. 支撑;扶持;拥护;维持;赡养;忍受

  (回归课本P32)The research was supported by the government.这项研究得到了政府的赞助。

  归纳总结

  例句探源

  ①He has a large family to support.他要养一大家人。

  ②We support the police wholeheartedly in their work against crime.我们全力支持警方打击犯罪活动的工作。

  ③They signed a petition in support of the pay claim.

  他们在请愿书上签名支持这次的加薪要求。

  ④The middle part of the bridge is supported by two huge towers.桥的中部由两个巨型桥塔支撑着。

  即境活用

  1.My sister was against the idea while my brother was ________it.

  A.in terms ofB.in support ofC.in need of

  D.in case of

  解析:选B。句意为:我的姐姐反对这个主意而我的弟弟却支持它。in support of表示“支持,赞同”;in terms of...意为“从……角度而言”;in need of...意为“需求,需要……”;in case of意为“假如,万一”。故B项正确。

  2.The old man has a problem with his legs and therefore he has to________himself with a cane.

  A.help

  B.supportC.raise

  D.lift

  解析:选B。support himself with a cane用一根拐杖撑着他自己。help sb.with sth.帮助某人某事;raise 举起;lift抬起。

  2

  quantity n. 量;数量;大量

  (回归课本P33)A yield refers to quantity (eg of food).

  产量指的是数量(例如食物的)。

  归纳总结

  例句探源

  ①(牛津P1620)It’s cheaper to buy goods in quantity.

  大宗购物比较便宜。

  ②Your work has improved in quantity and quality this term.

  本学期你的作业在数量和质量上都有提高。

  ③Great quantities of sand were washed down the hillside by the rain.

  雨水把大量的泥沙冲下山坡。

  ④It is worthwhile to spend a quantity of money in bringing up children.

  在教育孩子方面花许多钱是值得的。

  即境活用

  3.(高考福建卷)—Why does the lake smell terrible?

  —Because large quantities of water________.

  A.have polluted B.is being polluted

  C.has been polluted D.have been polluted

  解析:选D。首先,large quantities作主语,谓语要用复数,故B和C项错;另外,pollute与water是被动关系,故用其被动语态。

  4.________food are stored in the tunnel in winter.

  A.Large quantities of

  B.A great many

  C.A large number of

  D.Quite a few

  解析:选A。large quantities of后面既可跟可数名词的复数又可跟不可数名词。

  3

  escape vi. 逃脱,避开,溜走

  vt. 逃避,避免;被忘掉;情不自禁地发出;被……忘记;未被……注意

  n. 逃,逃亡,逃跑

  (回归课本P39)The Chinese discovered that the gas escaping from the tube could lift it into the air.

  中国人发现从管中逸出的气体能够把它推到空中。

  归纳总结

  【注意】 escape后常接v.-ing形式作宾语。

  例句探源

  ①There is no way to escape doing the task.

  没有方法逃避这项工作。

  ②(牛津P676)She managed to escape from the burning car.

  她设法从燃烧的汽车里逃了出来。

  ③(朗文P632)There’s no escaping the fact that she did actually lie to you.

  不可否认的是,她的确对你撒了谎。

  ④Oh,yes,you’re right.It has completely escaped my memory.

  噢,是的,你说得对。我把它忘得一干二净了。

  即境活用

  5.The flying bird is lucky enough to escape________by the hidden net the farmer spread over the fields.

  A.catching B.from catchingC.caught

  D.being caught

  解析:选D。句意:这只飞鸟很幸运,没有被农夫撒在田间的隐形网捕捉住。此处escape表示“逃脱,逃避”,后接动词时需用v.-ing形式,又因为the flying bird与catch之间是被动关系,故用being caught。

  6.When the disaster struck many people had no time to escape________.

  A.killing

  B.to be killedC.to kill

  D.being killed

  解析:选D。escape后应跟动名词形式,这里考查的是动名词的被动结构。

  4

  clear vt. 使清澈;使清楚;扫清

  vi. 变清澈;(天)变晴;(烟雾)消散

  adj. 清澈的;晴;清晰的;畅通的

  (回归课本P39)When the smoke cleared Wan Hu and his chair had disappeared.

  当烟雾散去后,万户和他的椅子都不见了。

  归纳总结

  例句探源

  ①After supper,my younger brother often helps mother clear away the dishes.

  晚饭后,小弟经常帮母亲收拾碟子。

  ②They cleared up the misunderstanding

  and make up.

  他们消除误会和好了。

  ③The sky cleared after the storm.

  雨过天晴。

  ④He made it clear that he would resign.

  他明确表示他要辞职。

  即境活用

  7.It has been snowing for several days.I hope it________.

  A.to be cleared up B.to clean up

  C.will clear up

  D.will clean up

  解析:选C。hope后面不能跟不定式作宾补,排除A、B;clear up此处表示“(天)放晴”,符合题意。clean up“清理掉”。

  8.(江苏启东中学)Since you want to make up with her,you should be the first to________the misunderstanding.

  A.clear up

  B.break upC.take up

  D.follow up

  解析:选A。A“整理,收拾;消除,解除(误解等);(天气)放晴”;B“打碎,拆散;分裂,分解;(集会)结束”;C“占(时间、空间);从事;拿起;继续讲述”;D“跟进,补充,采取后续行动 (加强效果)……”,这里指的是“消除误解”,所以选A。

  5

  bring in 请来,带进;引进;赚钱;收割庄稼;逮捕

  (回归课本P33)Researchers were brought in from all over China.

  从中国各地请来研究人员。

  归纳总结

  例句探源

  ①Could I just bring in some members of the

  audience to get their views?

  我可以邀请一些观众来听取他们的意见吗?

  ②They have brought in some advanced equipment.

  他们引进了一些先进设备。

  ③Farmers in the south have also brought in good crops.

  南方的农民也获得好收成。

  ④(朗文P238)I’ll bring your books back on wednesday.

  我星期三把书给你带回来。⑤(朗文P238)The smells from the kitchen brought forth happy memories of childhood.

  厨房的香味让我想起快乐的童年。

  即境活用

  9.The policeman________two thieves caught stealing in the supermarket.

  A.brought up 

  B.brought into

  C.brought in

  D.brought out

  解析:选C。句意为“警察带进来两个在超市现场偷东西的小偷。”

  10.To develop our country more effectively,we must________new science and technology from abroad.

  A.bring up

  B.bring in

  C.bring out

  D.bring about

  解析:选B。bring up“养育”;bring in“引进”;bring out“出版,发挥”;bring about“引起,导致”。

  6

  come to power 掌权;执政

  (回归课本P37)Albert Einstein left Germany when Hitler came to power and went to work in the U.S..

  阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦在希特勒掌权时离开了德国去美国工作。

  归纳总结

  例句探源

  ①Do you know when the first Chinese empress came to power?

  你知道中国第一位女皇帝是什么时候上台执政的吗?

  ②She has a lot of power over the people in her team.

  她对队里的人有很大的影响力。

  ③I’m afraid it is beyond my power to do what you’re asking.

  我恐怕不能胜任你要求做的事。

  即境活用

  11.He________for ten years but still doesn’t want to leave office.

  A.has been in powerB.has come to power

  C.took office

  D.came into power

  解析:选A。因有表示一段时间的时间状语for ten years,故选用表示状态的be in power。

  句型梳理

  1【教材原句】 Or was he carried miles into space, becoming the world’s first astronaut?(P39)

  还是他被带到了数英里之外的太空,成了世界上第一位宇航员?

  【句法分析】 becoming the world’s first astronaut是现在分词短语,在此处作结果状语。现在分词短语作结果状语,只能放在主句后面。

  ①Her parents died, leaving her a lot of debts.

  她的父母去世了,给她留下很多债务。

  ②It rained heavily, causing severe flooding in that country.

  大雨滂沱,造成了那个国家洪水泛滥。

  易混辨析

  现在分词和动词不定式作结果状语的区别

  (1)现在分词作结果状语通常表示一个自然而然的、意料之中的结果。例如:①Many trees had been blown down by the high winds,blocking roads.

  许多树被狂风刮倒,堵住了道路。

  (2)不定式作结果状语表示一个出乎意料的结果。其前常加only以强调这一意外结果。例如:

  ②I rushed to the school,only to find it was Sunday.

  我跑到学校,结果却发现那天是星期天。

  即境活用

  12.(沈阳模拟)Oil prices have risen by 32 percent since the start of the year,________a record US $57.65 a barrel.

  A.have reached B.reachingC.to reach

  D.to be reaching

  解析:选B。句意“油价从今年初开始至今已经上涨了32%,达到每桶57.65美元。”用v.-ing形式作结果状语。

  13.The glass doors have taken the place of the wooden ones at the entrance,________in the natural light during the day.

  A.to let

  B.lettingC.let

  D.having let

  解析:选B。句意:在入口处,玻璃门已取代了木门,这样白天自然光便可照射进来。to let动词不定式作目的状语时,其前不用逗号与句子隔开;作结果状语常以only to do形式出现表示出乎意料的结果。let为原形,不能用作状语。having let为分词的完成时态,表示动作在主句动词所表达的动作之前已完成,不合题意。letting是现在分词作结果状语,故选B。

  2【教材原句】 The tubes were attached to a long stick which helped keep the rocket moving in a straight direction.(P39)

  这些管子被捆在一根长棍子上,这根棍子有助于让火箭保持笔直的方向前进。

  【句法分析】 该句式中keep为使役动词,该句式意为“使……继续处于某种状态”。

  (1)keep+宾语(名词或代词)+形容词。

  (2)keep+宾语(名词或代词)+副词。

  (3)keep+宾语(名词或代词)+名词。

  (4)keep+宾语(名词或代词)+现在分词,其中宾语与宾语补足语之间是逻辑上的主动关系。

  (5)keep+宾语(名词或代词)+过去分词,其中宾语与宾语补足语之间是逻辑上的被动关系。

  (6)keep+宾语(名词或代词)+介词短语。

  ①Don’t keep all the windows open.

  别把所有的窗子都开着。

  ②He kept all the lights on when he went out.

  他出去时把所有的灯都开着。

  ③Please keep me a place in the queue.

  请在队里给我留个位置。

  ④He kept me waiting in the rain.

  他让我在雨中等。

  ⑤He will never keep a job half done.

  他从来都不会让工作半途而废。

  ⑥Don’t keep the child by himself at home.

  别把孩子一个人留在家里。

  即境活用

  14.(高考全国卷Ⅱ)They use computers to keep the traffic________smoothly.

  A.being run

  B.runC.to run

  D.running

  解析:选D。根据“keep...doing”结构得出答案。句意“他们使用计算机来使交通通畅。”

  15.To learn English well,we should find opportunities to hear English________as much as we can.

  A.speak

  B.speakingC.spoken

  D.to speak

  解析:选C。句意:为了把英语学好,我们应当尽可能抓住一切机会去听别人讲英语。本题关键要意识到English和speak之间是被动关系,故选C。

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