being的恰当使用
英语中有一个词叫being,虽然用法很简单，但是容易出错。什么时候该用，什么时候不该用，往往不易被广大学子所掌握。being在新教材中属于一种-ing形式的词，其实它有两种词性，一个是现在分词，另一个是动名词，那它什么时候是现在分词？什么时候是动名词?怎样恰当的使用它呢？我想同广大学子讨论一下。
being作现在分词用在进行时的被动语态中
being用作现在分词往往出现在现在进行时和过去进行时的被动语态中，它们的构成分别是is/am/are being +过去分词和was/were being+过去分词。在此类进行时的被动语态中being是不能省去，是应该使用的，否则成了现在时和过去时的被动语态。
The large house which is being built in our school is our scientific building.
I am being scolded by my English teacher ,because I have done something wrong.
They are being beaten by their father for having stolen a lot of money from the store.
A traffic accident happened in the street yesterday but its cause was being looked into.
The students who were being spoken to were from the No.2 middle school.
二．being用在现在分词短语中作状语
Being painted, the wall smells terrible. =Because it is being painted, the wall smells terrible.（此句中的being painted是现在分词短语作原因状语，其中being是现在分词，不能省略。因为展开后，原因状语从中的谓语是现在进行的被动语态is being painted。）
Being ill, he didn’t come to school yesterday. = Because he was ill, he didn’t come to school yesterday.(being ill 是现在分词短语作原因状语。being是现在分词，不能省略，因为省略后，ill是形容词只能表状态，不能充当原因状语。)
Being operated on by the famous doctor,he could not be disturbed by anyone.=When he was being operated by the famous doctor,he could not be disturbed by anyone.(being operated on by the famous doctor是现在分词短语充当时间状语，其中being 是现在分词，不能省略，因为展开后，从句的谓语部分是was being operated是过去进行时的被动语态。)
There being no policemen standing there,these goods may be taken away by some thieves.=If there are no policemen standing there,these goods may be taken away by some thieves(there being no policemen standing there是there be句型的现在分词短语作条件状语，其中being是现在分词，不能省略，因为此处是there be句型。)
下列句子不能加being,可广大学子总是不理解，习惯于加being
When being heated, the metal expands and if being allowed to cool it will contract. (此句中两处均不能加being因为展开后是when it is being heated和if it is being allowed成了现在进行时的被动语态，而此处应是现在时的被动语态when it is heated和if it is allowed。)
Such knowledge is still useful when being applied to similar situations in other countries.(NMET 2009 湖北卷)此句可展开为 Such knowledge is still useful when it is being applied to similar situations in other countries. (此句中的being应去掉，因为展开后的从句谓语应是is applied to而不是is being applied to)
Being painted red, the building stands out among the rest and looks very attractive.(NMET2010 湖北卷)（此句中的being应去掉，因为此处是过去分词短语充当原因状语，相当于Because it is painted red而不是Because it is being painted red）
The experiment shows that the proper exercise,if being carried out regularly,can improve our health.(NMET2010 浙江卷)（此句中的being 应去掉，因为此处是过去分词短语充当条件状语，相当于if it is carried out而不是if it is being carried out）
三、being用作动名词或用在动名词短语中在句中充当主语、宾语
Being laid off by one company doesn’t necessarily mean that you have no way to support yourself.(being laid off
by one company是动名词短语相当于名词短语在句中充当主语，其中being是动名词，不能省略)
At the beginning of class,the noise of desks being opened and closed could be heard out in the street.(being opened and closed是动名词短语充当介词of的宾语，desks是它的逻辑主语，其中being是动名词，不能省略)
Being exposed to the strong sunlight too long will do harm to your skin.(being exposed to the strong sunlight too long是动名词短语相当于名词短语在句中充当主语，其中being是动名词不能省略)
Being unable to use a computer makes it more difficult for him to do his academic research.(NMET2010 湖北卷)（being unable to use a computer是动名词短语相当于名词短语在句中充当主语，其中being是动名词不能省略）
I still remember being taken to the Famen Temple and what I saw there.(NMET2009 陕西卷)（being taken to the Famen Temple是动名词短语相当于名词短语在句中充当动词remember的宾语，其中being是动名词不能省略）
巩固性练习
1.The weather
fine, they decided to go out for a stroll.
A.is
B.was
C.being
D.不填
2.
by the police ,the kidnappers had no choice but to surrender.
A.Surrounded
B.Having surrounded
C.Being surrounded
D.To be surrounded
3.Generally speaking,when
according to the directions,the drug has no side effect.
A.taking
B.being taken
C.taken
D.to be taken
4.We insis on theory
to practice when we are at work.
A.applied
B.being applied
C.applying
D.to be applied
5.The money will be used to keep a space vehicle on the moon busy
back to the earth photographs and other information about the surface of the moon.
A.being sent
B.to send
C.to be sent
D.sending
6.Traditional folk arts of Tianjin like paper cutting
at the culture show of the 2010 Shanghai World Expo .(NMET2010 天津卷)
A.are exhibiting
B.is exhibited
C.are being exhibited
D.is being exhibited
7.It is reported that many a new house
at present in the disaster area.(NMET2010陕西卷)
A.are being built
B.is being built
C.was being built
D.are built
8.The traffic rule says young children under the age of four and
less than 40 pounds must be in a child safety seat.（NMET2010 浙江卷）
A. being weighed
B.to weigh
C.weighed
D.weighing
9.What great difficulty I had
the suitable food on the menu in that restaurant.(NMET2010 上海卷)
A.find
B.being found
C.to find
D.finding
10.Mr. Smith insisted on the problem worth of attention
at the meeting.(NMET2010 湖北卷)
A.should be discussed
B.being discussed
C.discussed
D.was discussed
参考答案：1.C 2.A 3.C 4.B 5.D 6.C 7.B 8.D 9.D 10.B