北师大版选修八Unit 22 A卷
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．(2017·泉州调研)—Mum, I have finished all my homework. Could I go downstairs to play with other children?
—Certainly, but don't remain out ________ nine o'clock.
A．through B．over
C．before
D．beyond
解析：考查介词。根据“不要在外面玩到超过九点钟”可知beyond“晚于，迟于”之意，符合语意。through“通过，在……中间”；over “在……的上方”；before“在……之前”，故应选D项。
答案：D
2．(2017·潍坊一模)Due to the widespread ________ of this medical technology，more diseases can be discovered and treated at an early stage.
A．presentation
B．application
C．potential
D．appreciation
解析：句意：由于这种医疗技术的广泛运用，更多的疾病能够在早期被发现并治疗。application “运用”；presentation“介绍，展示”；potential“潜力，潜在的可能性”；appreciation“欣赏，感谢”。
答案：B
3．My boss was very against my suggestion at first but she finally________ and accepted my idea.
A．slowed down
B．put down
C．got down
D．broke down
解析：考查动词短语。句意：起初我的上司很反对我的提案，但最后她态度转变，接受了我的想法。break down在这里指消除(感情或态度)。slow down“减速”；get down“吞下，写下”；put down“写下，记下，镇压，放下”。
答案：D
4．The professor sometimes makes remarks that are not________ to the topic.
A．associated
B．relevant
C．dependent
D．connect
解析：be relevant to“与……有关”。句意：教授有时发表一些与话题无关的言论。be associated with “与……有联系”；be dependent on“依赖……，依靠……”；connect 动词，表示“连接”。
答案：B
5．(2017·亳州适应性训练)________a sentence before you can understand it correctly.
A．Find
B．Analyse
C．Refer to
D．Look up
解析：句意：在你正确理解一个句子之前你首先对它做一个分析。analyse“分析”，符合句意。
答案：B
6．________her mother after being separated for 20 years, she couldn't help, even though she tried not to，________.
A．Seen; crying
B．To see; cry
C．Seeing; crying
D．Having seen; cry
解析：考查非谓语动词。第一空是现在分词作状语；第二空，因有状语从句的分隔，不容易判断，正常语序是She couldn't help________ even though she tried not to。can't help doing sth.“情不自禁做某事”，故选C。
答案：C
7．________ the general state of his health, it may take him a while to recover from the operation.
A．Given
B．To give
C．Giving
D．Having given
解析：句意：鉴于他的身体状况，从手术中恢复过来需要一段时间。given 意为“鉴于”，为介词。
答案：A
8．(2017·济源一模)Stressful environments lead to unhealthy behaviors such as poor eating habits, which________ increase the risk of heart disease.
A．in turn
B．in return
C．by chance
D．by turns
解析：in turn(插入语)“转而，依次，而又”；in return“作为报答”；by chance (＝by accident)“偶然地；无意中”；by turns “轮流地，依次”。句意：紧张的环境会导致诸如不良的饮食习惯等不健康行为，从而又会增加患心脏病的几率。
答案：A
9．I need the money badly now and I have to________ my car though I'm not at all willing to do so.
A．donate
B．sacrifice
C．decline
D．deliver
解析：因为缺钱所以要“牺牲”自己的汽车，sacrifice表示“牺牲，贱卖”。donate“捐献”；decline“婉拒，下降”；deliver“递送”。
答案：B
10．Relax, relax, anyway, you may depend on________ he would be back in time.
A．it that
B．if
C．that
D．when
解析：depend on不能直接加从句，要先加形式宾语it。 类似的还有rely on, like, hate等。
答案：A
11．By questioning cleverly they________ him________admitting his crime.
A．trapped; into
B．persuaded; into
C．trapped; to
D．persuaded; to
解析：trap sb. into doing sth.“使某人陷入做某事的圈套”。
答案：A
12．If people feel hopeless, they don't bother to ________ skills they need to succeed.
A．adopt
B．associate
C．accumulate
D．acquire
解析：句意：若是人们感到没有希望，他们就不去努力获取成功所需要的技能。adopt“采纳，收养”；associate“联系”；accumulate“积聚，累积”；acquire“(逐渐)获取”。
答案：D
13．Hundreds of jobs________ if the factory closes.
A．lose
B．will be lost
C．are lost
D．will lose
解析：考查时态与语态。if条件状语从句中用一般现在时，主句应用将来时。lose与job之间存在被动关系，故用被动语态。
答案：B
14．The old man kept a large________ of firewood for cold weather.
A．reservation
B．reserve
C．conservation
D．preserve
解析：句意：这位老人贮存了大量的木柴以备天冷时用。a large reserve of “大量储备的……”。reservation“预定”；conservation“(动植物等的)保护”；preserve 作动词，意为“保护，维护”。
答案：B
15．You should ________ the opportunity to study in college. Or you will be regretful.
A．watch
B．refuse
C．miss
D．seize
解析：句意：你应该抓住在大学学习的机会，否则你会后悔的。watch“观看”；refuse“拒绝”；miss“错过，怀念”；seize“抓住”。
答案：D
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
(2017·东北三省六校联合诊断) The amount of carbon taken in by growing plants increased from 1982 to 1999 as temperatures rose and the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere increased. But a new study in Friday's edition of the journal Science found a droughtrelated decline in such plant growth from 2000 to 2009, even though temperatures continued to climb.
As drought caused by warming reduces the land's ability to take in carbon, the result could be more carbon dioxide left in the atmosphere, and thus more warming, Zhao Maosheng from the University of Montana explained in a telephone interview.
“This is a pretty serious warning that warmer temperatures are not going to endlessly improve plant growth，”coauthor Steven Running, also from the University of Montana, said in a statement.“We see this as a bit of a surprise, and potentially significant on a policy level because previous interpretations suggested global warming might actually help plant growth around the world，”he said.
Instead, he and Zhao found a small but measurable decline of about 1%, compared to a 6% increase in the past decade.
Their study, based on the data collected by NASA satellites, found that north areas continued to increase plant growth, thanks to warmer temperatures and a longer growing season.
Someone commented，“This past decade's net decline in earthly productivity suggests that a complex relationship between temperature, rainfall, cloudiness, and carbon dioxide，probably in combination with other factors such as nutrients and land management, will determine future patterns and trends in productivity.”
语篇解读：一项研究表明：气候温暖不能无止境地帮助植物生长，气候温暖所造成的干旱降低了土地对二氧化碳的吸收能力，结果使大气中的二氧化碳的含量不断上升。
1．From the first paragraph, we can learn ________ in the recent decade or so.
A．the emission of carbon hasn't been reduced
B．drought has been causing loss of soil and water
C．carbon dioxide levels have been rising
D．the rise of temperature doesn't promote the plant growth
解析：细节理解题。由文章第一段中的“a droughtrelated decline in such plant growth from 2000 to 2009，even though temperatures continued to climb”可知近十年气温的上升并没有促进植物的生长。
答案：D
2．Zhao Maosheng really worried that ________.
A．more and more land will be abandoned
B．the climate becomes warmer and warmer
C．the emission of carbon dioxide increases
D．drought further reduces the number of the plants
解析：细节理解题。由文章第二段中的“...the result could be more carbon dioxide left in the atmosphere, and thus more warming”可知Zhao Maosheng真正担心的是气候将变得越来越温暖。
答案：B
3．We can infer from the passage that ________.
A．global warming will determine the future productivity
B．various factors play a key role jointly on future productivity
C．earthly productivity actually increased in the past decade
D．temperature rise has had no effect on future productivity patterns
解析：推理判断题。由文章最后一段中的内容可推知各种因素共同影响将来的生产力，故选B项。
答案：B
B
(2017·淮北高三阶段测试)As the new term starts, freshmen around the world are asking the same question: how can I make the best of four years at college? The New York Times received suggestions recently from PhD students and seniors at some of the top US universities. Here's their advice.
“Many young people today are raised in a protective cocoon (茧)”， wrote Tim Novikoff, a PhD student at Comell.“College is a time to explore the world beyond and a chance to
learn new things about yourself. Take classes in different subjects. Try lots of different clubs and activities.”
Remember also to take some time away from campus, suggested Willie Lin, a student at Washington University.“If_you_spend_all_of_your_time_in_school,_then_it_becomes_too_easy_to_let_criticism_from_an_unkind_professor_or_a_conflict_with_a_roommate_take_up_large_proportions.”
Try to find work assisting a researcher or a professor — this is the advice from Aman Singh Gill, a PhD student at Stony Brook University. And he also said，“With a window into the world of research, you will find yourself thinking more critically, accepting fewer states at face value and perhaps developing a brave sense of what you can accomplish.”
Many young people cannot imagine even a single day without devices such as computers and cellphones. But try to keep yourself off them,
cautioned Christine Smallwood,
a PhD student at Columbia University.
Start by scheduling a few Internetfree hours each day，with your phone turned off. It's the only way you'll be able to read anything serious.“This will also have the benefit of making you harder to reach, and thus more mysterious and fascinating to new friends and acquaintances (熟人)，” she suggested.
语篇解读：新学期开始时，大一新生往往茫然失措，不知如何充分利用美好的四年大学时光。《纽约时代》征求了一些美国顶尖大学的哲学博士生和大四学生的建议，为刚刚踏入大学校门的莘莘学子提供参考。
4．The underlined sentence in Paragraph 3 means we should ________.
A．spend more time at school
B．take some time out of school
C．listen to criticism more
D．not argue with roommates
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段的开头部分可推测画线句子的意思是我们应该走出学校，多接触外面的世界。
答案：B
．Who thinks it is important to consider something critically?
A．Tim Novikoff. B．Aman Singh Gill.
C．Christine Smallwood.
D．Willie Lin.
解析：细节理解题。题干中的关键词“consider something critically”与第四段Aman Singh Gill的观点“you will find yourself thinking more critically”相对应。
答案：B
．As for modern information devices, the last two paragraphs mean to tell us ________.
A．not to use them
B．to turn them off
C．to keep ourselves off them forever
D．to make a schedule to use them
解析：推理判断题。结合倒数第二段中的“But try to keep yourself off them”和最后一段第一句中的内容可知我们应该安排特定的时间使用现代化信息设备。
答案：D
．This passage is mainly about ________.
A．tips from some students for college life
B．ways to read something serious regularly
C．days without cellphones and computersD．chances to go to university you really like
解析：主旨大意题。第一段是文章的引题，根据本段最后的“Here's their advice”可知本文主要是给大一新生就校园生活提供一些建议。
答案：A