B5Unit4
1.protection nprotect v.保护→protective adj.保护的,3.loss nlose v.遗失,loser n.输家;失败者→lost adj.遗失的,
(1)affect 常做及物动词,“影响,感动,感染”。
(2)effect 常做名词,“结果,效果,作用,影响”,常用于词组:have an effect on/upon sb. 对……有影响,take effect 生效,实行,come/go into effect 开始生效,开始实施。
(3)influence 可做动词也可做名词,表示“影响、感染”的意思时,是指使思想、行为、性质或发展和成长等发生变化的影响。它可以指坏的影响,也可以指好的影响,这种影响常常是潜移默化的。
[应用2] (1)Probably we ______________ each other.
(2)To _________ a policy is to have an _________ on it.
Influenced/(affect/effect)
B2unit5
6.instrument n7.passerby n.过路人;行人→passersby (pl.)
9.broadcast n vi. & vt.广播;播放
B3unit1
2.origin noriginal adj.原来的 3.religion nreligious adj.宗教上的;信奉宗教的;虔诚的 4.belief n6.independence nindependent adj.独立的;自主的
9.award n vt.授予;判定 10.admire vt.admiration n.羡慕 12.custom n13.permission npermit vt.允许n.许可证;执照
15.sadness nsad adj.悲哀的;悲伤的 1.trick n vt.哄骗,欺骗 trick or treat 不送礼物就捣乱(万圣节前夕孩子们 挨户要礼物的用语) play a trick on sb.捉弄某人 have a trick of doing sth. 有做某事的习惯 trick sb. into doing sth. 哄骗某人做某事 trick sb. out of sth. 骗取某人某物
[即学即练1](1)John taught me ________________________ opening a bottle of wine. 约翰教会了我打开酒瓶盖的窍门。(2)The children loved to ________________________ their teacher.这些孩子好跟他们的老师玩恶作剧。(3)She ______ me _________________ for her meal at the restaurant.她在饭馆里骗我替她付了饭钱。
B3uint2
1.diet n vi.节食
4.curiosity ncurious adj.好奇的
7.customer n
8.discount n9.weakness nweak adj.虚弱的→weaken v.使变弱
10.strength nstrengthen v.加强,13.debt n
15.limit n vt.限制;限定→limited adj.有限的
16.benefit n vt. & vi.有益于;有助于;受益→beneficial adj.有利的,
(2)The doctors all suggest I _______________________ .医生们都建议我节食。
Too
rich
a
diet/go
on
a
diet
比较:diet 既可指习惯上常用的食品,又可指规定的食物,特指维持健康的定质定量的食物;food是“食物”的一般用语,指任何能吃的且有营养的东西。
5.limit n.界限;限度 v.限制;限定
limited adj. 有限的
limitation n. 限制;限制条件,不足之处
go beyond/over the limit 超过限度
within limits 在一定范围内;有限度的
within the limits of 在……的范围内
without limit 无限(制)地
set a limit to sth. 对……规定限度
be limited to sth. 受限制于……
limit sth. to sth. 把……限定在……的范围内
[即学即练5](1)I've ____________________ 1 000 calories a day to try to lose weight.
我试着减肥,限定自己每天摄入1 000卡的热量。
(2)A wise man knows his own ______________.
人贵有自知之明。
(3)As we all know, a person's life is ______, but knowledge is _________________.
=As we all know, there is ____________________ a person's life but ____________________ knowledge.
我们都知道,人的生命是有限的,而知识却是无限的。
limited
myself
to/limitations/(limited/unlimited)/a
limit
to/no
limit
to
6.benefit n.利益,实惠;优越性
vt.&vi.得益;使……受益
benefit sb./someplace 使某人/某地受益
benefit from/by sth.
receive/gain benefit from sth.得益于某事
be of great/much benefit to sb.
=be very beneficial to sb. 对某人有好处
for the benefit of...为了帮助……;为了……的利益
[即学即练6](1)The new hospital will ________the entire community.这所新医院将使整个社区受益。
(2)I __________ much ______ my father's advice.
我从父亲的建议中获益颇多。
(3)Moderate exercise will be _______________________ you.适度运动对你有很多益处。
(4)She went there _______________________________ her health.她为了健康而去了那里。
Benefit/benefited from/of
much
benefit
to/for
the
benefit
of
1. strength/force/energy/power
(1)strength 指固有的潜力。说人时,指“力气”;说物时,指“强度”。也可指“强项,长处”。
(2)force 主要指自然界的力量,暴力,势力以及法律、道德或感情的力量,军事的力量等。
(3)energy 主要指人的精力或自然界的能量。
(4)power 主要指做一件事所依靠的能力、功能;也可指人或机器等事物潜在的或所能发挥出来的力量;还可指职权、权力或政权。
[应用1] 用 energy/power/force和 strength 填空。
(1)Many countries are increasing their use of natural gas, wind and other forms of __________.
(2)The party came to __________ at the last election.
(3)Gandi insisted on winning independence by peaceful struggles, not by ___________.
(4)Bill was doing a lot of physical exercise to build up his ___________.
Energy/power/force/strength
B3Unit3
1.adventure nadventurer n.冒险家→adventurous adj.喜欢冒险的
2.scene n(戏剧)一场;现场;场面;景色
4.pavement n7.passage n(包括食宿);通道;(一)段
10.patience npatient adj. & n.有耐心的;病人
11.contrary nadj.相反的;相违的→contrarily adv.相反地
12.envelope n
14.amount n15.manner n……)作好准备,(为……)设置舞台
[即学即练1](1)Our reporter was the first person_________________________(到现场).
(2)The rocking boats along the river bank___________________________(构成一道美丽的风景).
(3)The boy led his mother to _________________________________________(事故现场).
on
the
scene/make
a
beautiful
scene/the
scene
of
the
accident
4.account n. 说明;理由;计算;账目;报道
vi. & vt. 认为;说明;总计有
account for 说明(原因等);作出解释
on account of 由于,因为
on no account 决不(置于句首时,句子用部分倒装)
on any account 无论如何
take account of=take...into consideration 考虑……
keep an account of 记录,记载
[即学即练4](1)He could not _______________ his foolish mistake.
他无法解释他所犯的愚蠢错误。
(2)Give us ________________________ what happened.
跟我们说一下到底发生了什么。
(3)She retired early ______________________ ill health.
她体弱多病,所以提前退休。
(4)The company _____________________ environmental issues wherever possible.只要有可能,这家公司会考虑到环境问题。
account
for/an
account
for/on
account
of/takes
account
of
提示:表示否定意义的 on no account 放在句首时,句子应用部分倒装。如:On no account should you go there. 你绝对不可以到那里去。
1. scene/scenery/view/sight
(1)scene 指展现在眼前的情景,也可以指 scenery 的一部分,指某处小范围的景色,大多包括景物中的人及活动,可译为“情景”“景色”“场面”“(戏剧)一场”。
(2)scenery是总称,指大范围的自然风光,是由多个 scene 构成的景色,常译为“景色”“风景”。
(3)view 是指人从一定的角度(或从远处或从高处等)所看到的景象,还有“观点”“看法”等意思。
(4)sight是眼睛所看到的景象,可以指美丽的风景,也可以指悲惨的景象,其复数形式 sights 表示“名胜古迹,人文景观”等。
[应用1] 用 scene, scenery, view, sight的适当形式填空。
(1)As we climbed higher, a wonderful ______ opened out before us.
(2)The next day we returned to the ______ of the accident.
(3)The ______ of the play is a kitchen.
(4)The Great Wall is one of the most breathtaking ______ in the world.
(5)The autumn __________ of Beijing is charming.
(6)Do you remember the ______ in the play where Susan meets Alan for the first time?
View/scene/scene/sights/scenery/scene
2. manner/method/way/means
这四个词均有“方法;方式”的意思。
(1)manner指个人的、独特的或有特色的“方法;方式”,常与in连用。
(2)method指合理的或系统的“方法”,包括抽象的观念和具体的步骤,如为完成教学、调查、医疗等各项工作而采取的一系列步骤或方法,常与with连用。
(3)means指为达到某种目的而采取的“手段”或“方法”,常与by连用。
(4)way为普通用语,可以代替method, manner或means,但way更富有表达力,常与in连用。
[应用2] (1)He invented a new __________ of teaching English.
(2)I don’t like his ___________ of walking.
(3)There is/are no ____________ of getting there.
(4)You can finish it by this _______________.
(5)There are a lot of ________________ to make friends.
Method/manner/means/means/ways
B3unit4
1.astronomy nastronomer n.天文学家 2.system n3.theory ntheoretical adj.理论上的 4.globe nglobal adj.全球性的;全世界的
6.atmosphere n8.presence npresent adj. & n. & v.在场的;目前,,11.puzzle nvt. & vi.(使)迷惑;(使)为难→puzzled adj.迷惑的→puzzling adj.令人迷惑的 12.gravity n13.satellite n14.climate n15.spaceship n16.pull n. & vt.(力);拖;牵引力 18.mass n(复)群众
B3unit5
1.minister n3.scenery n9.border n vt. & vi.与……接壤;接近
14.distance ndistant adj.远的,17.tradition ntraditional adj.传统的
2.measure n. [U] [C]措施 vt.&vi.测量,丈量,计量 make clothes to one‘s own measure 量体裁衣 by measure 按尺寸 take measures (steps) to do sth.采取措施 beyond measure 无法估量,,be measured in 以……来计算
[即学即练2](1) We must ______ ____________ _________ to solve these problems one by one. 我们必须采取必要的措施逐个解决问题。(2) This room ___________ 6 metres by 4. 这个房间有6米长,4。(3)Did you __________ the distance between those two development areas? 你们测量了那两个开发区之间的距离了吗?
Take necessary measures/measures/measure
3.within prep. within reach 够得着 within sight 在视线范围内 within one‘s power 力所能及 within an hour 一小时内 within call 在附近;随叫随到 within reason 理智地;合理地
[即学即练3](1)You should receive a reply ______ ______ ______.你会在七天内收到答复。(2)It wasn't ______ ______ ______ to help her. 帮助她并非我力所能及的事。
4.border n.
vt. &vi. 与……接壤;接近 a border town 边境城市 the border of the lake 湖边 on the border of 将要,,border on sth. 接近某物,
[即学即练4](1)France ________ Germany ______ parts of the Rhine.法国沿莱茵河部分河段与德国接壤。(2)She felt an anxiety ___________ ______ hysteria. 她感觉到一种近乎歇斯底里的焦虑。(3)The large garden ______ __________ ______ a stream. 大花园紧临着一条小溪。
B
6.distance n. v. 不介入;与……疏远 distant adj. 遥远的;远处的;久远的 at a distance 隔一段距离;距离稍远 in the distance 在远方 out of distance from 离……太远,keep sb. at a distance 对……冷淡,keep one‘s distance from 与……保持距离 distance yourself from 不介入;与……疏远
[即学即练6](1)I don't know ______ _________(距离) from Beijing to Shanghai. (2)The hospital is ______ ______ (不远) at all. (3)The oil painting looks better ______ ______ ______(远看起来). (4)______ ______ ___________(从远处),I would see them waving their hands. (5)I can see a light ______
______ _________(). the distance/not distant/at a distance/in the distance
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