2017年高三高考复习必练教程：动词及动词短语（8）

　　B5U2

　　1．unite vt. & vi.united adj.联合的；团结的→union n．联合；联盟 2．consist vi.consistent adj.一致的 3．clarify vt.4．accomplish vt.

　　8．attract vt.attraction n．吸引力→attractive adj.有吸引力的 15．arrange vt.arrangement n．安排

　　16．fold vt.unfold vt.(反义词) 18．thrill vt.thrilling adj.令人激动的

　　1．consist vi. consistent adj. 协调的，一致的 consist of 由……组成，(无进行时态和被动语态) consist in 在于，consist with 符合，be consistent with... 和……一致；相符 be made up of 由……组成 be composed of 由……组成

　　[即学即练1](1)This club ____________ more than 200 members.这个俱乐部由200多个会员组成。(2)His job ____________ helping old people who live alone.他的工作包括帮助无人照顾的独居老人。(3)The beauty of the plan ____________ its simplicity. 这个计划妙就妙在简明扼要。(4)Theory should ____________ practice. 理论应与实践相一致。(5)What you say ______ not ______________ what you do. 你言行不一。

　　consists ofconsists of//consists in//consist with//is consistent with

　　2．attract vt.attraction n．[U]吸引；吸引力；[C]吸引人的事物 attractive adj.有魅力的；吸引人的；引人注目的 attract sb./sth. to...把某人/物吸引到…… be attracted to 对……有兴趣/好感 attract sb.‘s attention/interest/criticism 吸引某人的注意/吸引某人的兴趣/招致某人的批评 have attraction for 对……有吸引力 be an attraction to sb.对……来说很吸引人

　　[即学即练2](1)What do you think __________ people ______ big cities? 你认为把人吸引到大城市的原因是什么？ (2)Babies _________________ bright colours. 婴儿喜欢鲜艳的颜色。(3)The new play has __________ a good deal of criticism. 这出新剧招致很多批评。

　　Attracts toare attracted to//attracted

　　(4)She felt ________________________ him. 她对他一见钟情。(5)One of the main ____________ of the job is the high salary. 这份工作最吸引人的是薪水高。

　　an immediate attraction forattractions

　　4．arrange v. arrangement n. 安排，筹备 arrange sth. 整理，，，arrange sth. for sb. 为某人安排某事 arrange for sb. to do sth. 安排某人做某事 arrange (with sb.) to do sth. (与某人)约定干某事 arrange that... 商定……；安排 make arrangements for 安排好 come to an arrangement 达成协议

　　[即学即练4](1)I'll ____________ a car ______ pick you up.我将安排车去接你。(2)_______________________ they should leave the following spring. 已安排他们第二年春天离开。(3)The local newspaper _______________________ an interview with Professor Stein. 当地报纸安排对斯坦教授进行专访。arrange for to//It was arranged that//made arrangements for

　　提示：不能用 arrange sb. to do sth. 结构，应该使用 arrange for sb. to do sth. 结构。

　　5．delight vt. ……高兴/欣喜n.[U]高兴，快乐，喜悦；[C]令人愉快的事 (much) to one‘s delight to one’s (great) delight使某人(大为)高兴的是 take/find/have delight in (doing) sth. 喜爱，……为乐 be delighted at/by/with sth. 因/对……感到高兴 be delighted to do sth./that－clause 高兴地去做…… It is a delight to do sth. 做某事是一件令人愉快的事

　　[即学即练5](1)____________________， everything goes well. ，。(2)The boy always __________________ finding others' errors in class. 这个孩子在课堂上总是以发现别人的错误为乐。(3)I'm ____________ meet you here. 在这儿碰到你我真高兴。

　　Much to our delighttakes delight in//delighted to

　　6．thrill vt.n.兴奋；紧张 thrilled adj.兴奋的，激动的 thrilling adj.令人感到兴奋的 give sb. a thrill to do sth./of doing sth. 做某事让某人感到激动 be thrilled at/about/with sth.对……感到兴奋

　　[即学即练6](1)The film _________ the audience. 那部电影对观众很有刺激性。(2)It was _________________ meet Yao Ming. 能见到姚明的确是令人兴奋的事。(3)He __________________ the sight of her. 见到她，。(4)I had a _________ experience on the lake last Sunday. 上周日在湖上我有一次激动人心的经历。

　　Thrilleda real thrill to//was thrilled at//thrilling

　　7．divide...into... ……分成…… divide...between/among/with... 和……分担/分配/分享 divide...by... 用……除以…… divide...in half (two)/into halves 把……分成两部分

　　[即学即练7](1)The train __________ at York. 这列火车在约克市调动车厢分途行驶。(2)The teacher __________ the class ______ small groups for a discussion. 老师把这班分成几个小组进行讨论。(3)We ______ the work _________________ us. 我们分担这项工作。(4)30 ____________ 6 is 5.30 除以6等于5。

　　Dividesdivided into//divide between/among//divided by

　　8．break away (from) break down (机器)出故障；(讨论、谈判、希望、计划等)失败；打破；(化学)分解；身体垮掉 break in 破门而入；打断 break into 闯入；突然……起来(后接 tears, laughter等) break out 战争爆发；(火灾)发生 break off 折断，break through 突围；突破；冲垮；克服 break up 拆开，

　　[即学即练8](1)It was wrong for him to __________________ all his good friends. 他和他的好朋友决裂是错误的。(2)The students were encouraged to __________________ the bad habits. 学生们被鼓励改掉坏习惯。(3)The elevators in the building are always _______________. 这幢楼里的电梯总出故障。

　　break away frombreak away from//breaking down

　　(4)Peace talks have ____________ over the question of reparations. 和谈因战后赔款问题而中止。(5)Bacteria ____________ the animal waste to form methane. 细菌使动物粪便分解成沼气。(6)If Tim carries on working like this, he‘ll ____________ sooner or later. 如果蒂姆继续这样工作，。

　　broken downbreak down//break down

　　9．leave out leave about 乱放(东西) leave alone 别管；别惹；不打扰 leave aside 搁置 leave behind 留在后面；没带走 leave for (＝go off to) 动身去…… leave off 停止；中断

　　[即学即练9](1)①In copying this paper, be careful not to ____________ any word. 抄这个文件时，。You can ____________ the details; just give us the main facts.你可以省去细节，。Don‘t ______ our teachers ______ from the invitations. 请不要忘记邀请我们的老师们。

　　leave outleave out//leave out

　　(2)用适当的介、I think we should leave ______ now and have a cup of tea. ②Can you tell me the time? I've left my watch __________. ③She left ______ an important detail in her account. ④Don't you think we'll leave ______ the concert now? ⑤A railway station is no place for a child to be left ______ at night.

　　Off//behind//out//for//alone

　　10．take the place of (replace) 代替；取代 take place (事情)发生，，take one‘s place 代替，in place of 代替 in place 在适当的位置 in the first place 最初，，

　　[即学即练10] (1)I’ll __________________ my father to run the company._______________________ to run the company. 我将代替我父亲管理公司。(2)Mr Li is ill, so I’ll __________________him to give you lessons.give you lessons _____________ him. 李老师生病了，。

　　take the place oftake my father’s place//take the place of

　　in place of

　　(3)I can’t go to the meeting myself, so Mary will ______________. 我不能亲自出席会议，。(4)Their wedding will ____________ next month. 他们下个月举行婚礼。(5)Please put the book _________.请把书放在原处。

　　take my placetake place//in place

　　divide/separate (1)divide侧重于把一个整体分成若干部分，into, among, between等。(2)separate指把原来连在一起或靠近的“分隔”开来。from搭配构成separate...from，“把……和……分开(隔)”；另外还有“离别，”之意。

　　[1]　(1)England is ____________ from France by the English Channel. (2)The teacher ___________ the class into 8 small groups. (3)He __________ the cake among the children. (4)The child’s parents have ___________.

　　Separated//divides//divided//separated

　　2. quarrel/discuss/argue/debate (1)quarrel表示“争吵，争论”，着重指因意见不一而产生的激烈争论。about, over, with连用。(2)discuss用于一般场合，，，。(3)argue表示“争辩”，，。about, over, with, against连用。(4)debate着重指在正式场合(比如国会)，、，，。debate on/over sth.。

　　[2]　(1)I __________ him out of going. (2)They __________ the question openly. (3)He __________ with his brother and rushed out. (4)Let’s ____________ the matter over tea.

　　Argued//debated//quarreled//discuss

　　B5U3

　　6．tolerate vt.7．lack vi. & vt. n．缺乏；短缺的东西 8．adjustment nadjust vt.调整；使适应 9．press vi. & vt.n.按；压；印刷；资讯→pressure n．压力 10．fasten vt.

　　5．take up (时间/空间)；开始学习；从事……；继续；接受；拿起；改短(衣服)；加入 take off 脱(衣服)；起飞；成名 take in 吸入；领会；包含；收留(某人) take away 解除；消除(痛苦等) take back 收回(说过的话)；退回(货物)；与……重

　　归于好，take down (＝write down, note down) 写下；拆除 take on 呈现(新面貌)；雇用；承担责任 take for 当做；误认为 take apart 拆开 take over 接管，

　　[即学即练5]　写出下列句中take up的意思。(1)Finally he took up the textbook and read us the lesson. ___________________________________________________ (2)The table takes up too much room. ____________________________________________________ (3)She took up the story where Tim had left off. ____________________________________________________

　　拿起//占去(空间)//继续

　　(4)John took up writing poetry while at school. ____________________________________________________ (5)She took up his offer of a drink. ____________________________________________________ (6)This skirt needs taking up. ____________________________________________________ (7)Their protests were later taken up by other groups. ____________________________________________________

　　开始从事//接受//改短(衣服)//加入

　　6．lose sight ofat the sight of...在看到……时 catch sight of...望见，in/within sight在视线内，in sight of...可以看见…… out of sight看不见了，

　　[即学即练6](1)I __________________ him in the crowd. 在人群中我再也看不到他了。(2)She let out a cry _______________________the snake.她一见到蛇，。(3)Sheila __________________ her own face in one of the shop windows. 希拉在一扇橱窗里瞥见了自己的脸。(4)When we got to the beach, there wasn’t a soul ____________.我们到达海滩时一个人也看不到。

　　lost sight ofat the sight of//caught sight of//in sight

　　7．speed up ()加快速度；(使)增加……速度 at a/the speed of 以……的速度 run at full speed 以全速跑 pick up speed 加快速度 with all great speed 以全速，at a high/low speed 以高速/低速 at (the) top speed 以最高速度 speed limit 速度限制

　　[即学即练7](1)The train began to __________________. 火车开始加速。(2)The train soon ____________. 火车很快加速了。(3)She ____________ and overtook them. 她加快速度超过了他们。(4)The train runs ___________________ 200 kilometres an hour.火车以每小时200千米的速度行驶。

　　pick up speedspeeded up//speeded up//at a speed of

　　B5U4

　　4．assist vt.assistant n．助手；助理；售货员 7．concentrate vt.concentration n．集中 8．acquire vt.9．access vt.

　　10．inform vt.13．accuse vt.18．approve vt.approval n．认可 19．process vt. n．过程；程序；步骤 1．assist vi. & vt. & nassistance n．援助；帮助；补助 assistant n．助手；助理 adj.辅助的；助理的 assist sb. with sth.帮助某人做某事 assist sb. in doing sth./to do sth.帮助某人做某事 assist at/in sth.参加某事物 come to sb.’s assistance帮助某人 with the assistance of在……的帮助下

　　[即学即练1]　(1)The students ________________________ doing the experiment.学生们协助教授做实验。(2)We all ____________ mending the roof. 我们都帮助修理屋顶。(3)We asked him to _______________ designing a new bridge.我们请他帮助我们设计一座新桥。

　　assisted the professor inassisted in//assist us in

　　(4)He can walk only ________________________ crutches.他只能靠一副拐杖走路。(5)Despite his cries, no one ________________________.尽管他喊叫，。

　　with the assistance ofcame to his assistance

　　2．concentrate vt. concentration n. 专心；专注 concentrate (sth.) on (doing) sth. 集中于；专心于…… concentrate one‘s attention/efforts/thoughts on... 把注意力/努力/思想集中到…… be concentrated in/on/upon sth. 集中于，

　　[即学即练2](1)We should ____________ all our effort ______ improving education. 我们应该致力于改进教育工作。(2)He _______________ the study of English. 他把重点放在英语学习上。(3)Our population __________________ the big cities. 我国人口集中在大城市里。

　　Concentrate onconcentrated on//is concentrated in

　　拓展：focus/fix one‘s attention on... 集中注意力于…… put one’s mind/heart in (into) 专心于…… be absorbed in... 一心一意于…… apply oneself/one‘s mind to... 专心于…… pay attention to 专心，注意…… 以上短语中 in, to 都是介词，后接名词或动名词。

　　3．acquire vt.

　　[即学即练3](1)I managed to __________________ for the concert.我设法弄到了两张音乐会的票。(2)She ________________________ French. 她学会了法语。(3)Mr Brown __________________ in the oil business. 布朗先生在石油生意上发了财。

　　acquire two ticketsacquired a knowledge of//acquired a fortune

　　4．inform vt.informed adj.了解情况的；见识广的 inform sb. of/about sth.告知某人某事 inform sb. (that)．..通知某人 keep sb. informed使某人随时了解最新情况

　　[即学即练4](1)Please __________________ any change of address as soon as possible.地址如有变更请尽快通知我们。(2)We regret to ______ you ______ your application has been rejected.我们很遗憾地通知你，。(3)Please ______ me fully ____________ any developments.事态如有发展，。

　　inform us ofinform that//keep informed of

　　6．accuse vt.accuse sb. of sth.＝charge sb. with sth. 因某事而控告/谴责某人 accuse sb. as...指控某人为…… accuse sb. for sth. 为某事指责某人

　　[即学即练6](1)My teacher is always __________ me ______ carelessness. 我的老师总是指责我粗枝大叶。(2)Mary __________________ an accomplice. 玛丽被指控为同谋犯。(3)Man often _________ nature ______ his own misfortunes. 人类常把自身的不幸归罪于天。

　　Accusing ofwas accused as//accuses for

　　拓展：与 accuse sb. of sth.结构相似的有： rob sb. of sth. 抢劫某人的某物 warn sb. of sth. 警告某人某事 rid sb. of sth. 使某人摆脱某事 remind sb. of sth. 提醒某人某物 inform sb. of sth. 通知某人某事

　　8．approve v. approval n. [U]批准；赞成；认可 approve sth. 核准(批准)某事 approve of sb./sth. 赞成某人(某事) approve of sb.‘s doing sth. 同意某人做某事 without approval 未经许可 with one’s approval 经某人同意

　　[即学即练8](1)The minister ___________ the building plan. 部长批准了这项建筑计划。(2)The resolution __________________ 68 to 10 with 28 abstentions.决议以68票对10票通过，28。(3)Mother doesn‘t ____________ her smoking. 母亲不赞成她吸烟。

　　Approvedwas approved by//approve of

　　9．depend on depend on/upon sth. 依靠某物；由……决定 depend on sb. to do sth. 指望/依靠某人做某事 depend on/upon sb./sth. for sth. 指望/依靠某人/某物提供某物 depend on it that...相信某件事 (it是虚词， that从句) depend on＋wh－clause 依赖于 That depends./It all depends.这很难说；得看情况。

　　[9](1) Success ____________ your effort and ability.成功与否得看你的努力和能力。(2) It all ____________ whether or not you are interested in it.这完全看你对这事是不是有兴趣。(3) You may ____________ them to be here early. 你可以指望他们会早来。(4)－Is he coming？他来吗？ －____________. He may not have time. 那要看情况。。

　　depends ondepends on//depend on//That depends

　　1. assist/help/aid

　　(1)assist正式用语，多指在提供帮助时，帮助者起次要或协助作用。

　　(2)help最普遍用语，含义广泛。指“以积极态度给予各方面的帮助”，强调“受助者得到帮助或好处”，并着重受助者对帮助的需要；侧重积极地为他人提供物质、精神或其他方面的帮助。

　　(3)aid正式用词，指帮助他人脱离危险或战胜困难，着重强调强者对急需帮助的弱者的帮助。

　　[应用1]　(1)They ______ flood victims.他们援助遭受水灾的灾民。

　　(2)She ______ him in his experiments.她协助他做实验。

　　(3)Please ______ me arrange these papers.请帮我整理这些文件。

　　Aided//assisted//help