It 用作形式宾语 当不定式（短语） 、动名词（短语）或从句在某个句子中作宾语时，为保持句子结构平衡， 避免句式结构的混乱，常用 it 作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语放在句尾。此时 it 仍只起先行 引导作用，本身无词义。 下列四种情况须用 it 作形式宾语：
① 当不定式 （短语） 动名词 、 （短语） 或从句在复合宾语结构中作某些动词的宾语时 （如 think, make, find, consider, feel, suppose 等） ； e.g.
They found it pleasant that they worked with us Chinese.
（他们发现与我们中国人一起工作很愉快。 ）
I don’t feel it difficult to understand the Special English. （我觉得理解英语特别节目并不难。 ） He makes it a rule never to borrow money. （他立志决不向别人借钱。 ）
I think it no need talking about it with them. （我认为没必要跟他们谈。 ）
② 某些表示“喜、怒、哀、乐”的动词，如 like, enjoy, love, hate 等，往往不能直接接宾语从 句； e.g.
I don’t like it that he’s so lazy. （我不喜欢他那么懒惰。 ）
I hate it when my mother asks me to eat eggs. （我讨厌母亲要我吃鸡蛋。 ）
③ that 引导的宾语从句不能直接作介词的宾语； e.g.
You may depend on it that we shall always help you. （尽管放心，我们会随时帮你的。 ）
Would you see to it that she gets home early? （你负责保证她早到家，好吗？）
He insisted on it that he was innocent. （他坚持说自己是无辜的。 ）
④ 由及物动词与介词组成的固定搭配中，宾语从句若作该动词的宾语时，须借用 it。 e.g. I leave it to your own judgement whether you should do it. （我让你自己判断这事是否该做。 ） We owe it to you that there wasn’t a serious accident. （多亏了你才没有发生严重事故。 ）
试比较下列高考题，选出最佳答案：
1. Is _______ necessary to complete the design before National Day? A. this B. that C. it D. he
I don’t think _______ possible to master a foreign language without much memory work..
A. this B. that C. its D. it
Does _______ matter if he can’t finish the job on time?
A. this B. that C. he D. It
4. Tom’s mother kept telling him that he should work harder, but _______ didn’t help.
he B. which C. she D. it 5. _______ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.
A. There B. This C. That D. It
I hate _______ when people talk with their mouths full.
it B. that C. these D. them
Don’t _______ that all those who get good grades in the entrance examination will prove to be the most successful.
A take as granted B. take this for granted C. take that for granted D. take it for granted
I like _______ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright. A. this B. that C. it D. one
模拟练习：
1. _______ happened _______ he is unfit for the office.
This; that
B. That; that C. It; that D. He; that 2. We took _______ for granted that they would accept our advice.
A. that B. this C. it D. them 3. _______ that the scientist will give us a talk next month?
A. Is true B. Is it true C. It’s true D. It’s truly 4. _______ doesn’t matter much _______ dress you are going to wear。
A. This; that B. That; who C. It; which D. It; who 5. _______ is going to America for further study.
He is said that C. It was said he B. People said that he D. It is said that he 6. They are good friends. _______ is no wonder that they know each other so well.
A. This B. That C. There D. It 7. Is _______ possible to fly to the moon in a spaceship?
A. this B. there C. that D. it 8. She liked _______ when he kissed her.
A. him B. that C. one D. it 9. _______ will do you good to do some exercise every morning.
A. It B. There C. Those D. One 10. We think _______ our duty to pay taxes to our government.
A. that B. this C. its D. it
宾语从句综合练习：
选择填空。
(
) 1. What did Mike say? He said ____________________.
A. if you are free the next week
B. what colour was it
C. the weather is fine
D. summer comes after spring
(
) 2. Tom asked my friend ________________.
A. where was he from
B. that the earth is bigger than the moon
C. when did he come back
D. not to be so angry
(
) 3. Let me tell you __________________.
A. how much is the car
B. how much does the car cost
C. how much did I pay for the car
D. how much I spent on the car
(
) 4. Peter knew _______________.
A. whether he has finished reading the book
B. why the boy had so many questions
C. there were 12 months in a year
D. when they will leave for Paris
(
)5. Could you tell me ___________?
A. where do you live
B. who you are waiting for
C. who were you waiting for
D. where you live in
(
)6. I can't understand ______the boy alone.
A. why she left
B. why did she leave
C. why she had left
D. why had she left
(
)7. She told me the sun ______ in the east.
A. rise B. rose C. rises D. had risen
(
)8.I don't know ________ up so early last Sunday.
A. why did he get B.why he gets C.why does he get D. why he got
(
)9. The manager came up to see __________.
A. what was the matter B. what the matter was
C. what the matter is D. what's the matter
(
)10. He asked his father _______.
A. where it happens B. where did it happen
C. how it happened D. how did it happen
(
)11. No one tells us______, so we need your help.
A. how we should do B. what should we do
C. how to do it D. what to do it
(
)12. Could you please teach me _______ the computer.
A. how check B. to check C. how to check D. to how checking
(
)13.They don't know _______their parents are.
A that
B what
C why
D which
(
)14. ─Where do you think ______ he _____ the TV set?
─ Sorry, I've no idea.
A./, bought B. has, bought C. did, buy D. did bought
(
) 15. Our homework has changed a lot. Who can tell _____ it would be like in _____ five years.
A. how, another B. what, more C. how ,other D. what, another
(
)16. ─ Could you tell me ______? ─ Yes. He ____ to the USA.
A. where is he/ has been B. where he is/ has gone
C. where was he/ has been D. where he was/ has gone
(
)17. ─Mike wants to know if ____ a picnic tomorrow.
─Yes. But if it _______, we'll visit the museum instead.
A. you have/ will rain B. you will have/ will rain
C. you will have/ rains D. will you have/ rains
(
)18. I really don't know if she _______ it when she ________.
A. finds/ arrives
B. finds/ will arrive
C. will find/ will arrive D. will find/ arrives
(
)19.Miss Liu said ______ she would leave the message on the headmaster”s desk.
A. that
B. where
C. which
D. what
(
)20. He asked me _______.
A. who will kick the first goal in the World Cup
B. when was the APEC meeting held
C. when China became a member of the WTO
D. where the 2008 Olympics will be held
(
)21. In the bookshop , a reader asked the shopkeeper ______ Who Moved My Cheese was
an interesting book.
A. that
B. how
C. what
D. if
(
)22. You must remember _______.
A. what your teacher said
B. what did your teacher say
C. your teacher said what
D. what has your teacher said
(
)23. I don”t know ______ .
A. which room I can live
B. which room can I live
C. which room I can live in
D. which room can I live in
(
)24.－－Do you know when he ______ back ?
－－Sorry , I don”t . When he _______back , I”ll tell you .
A. comes ; comes
B. comes ; will come
C. will come ; comes
D. will come ; will come
(
)25 The girls asked if they ____ some food and drink with them
A. took
B. take
C. takes
D. will take
(
)26 Mary said that she ___ to Guangzhou.
A. has never gone
B. had never gone
C. has never been
D. had never been
(
)27 The students want to know whether they___ a PE class today.
A. had
B. has
C. will have
D. are
(
)28. Can you tell me___ you were born, Betty?
A. who
B. what
C. when
D. that
(
)29.I don't know ___ they have passed the exam.
A. what
B. if
C. when
D. where
(
)30. Do you know _____ they listened to yesterday evening?
A. what
B when
C why
D how