2017届英语科5年高考3年模拟[浙江专版]
专题0【备考策略】o
be
doing
一般式：不定式所表示的动作和谓语动词所表示的动作或状态同时发生或几乎同时发生或存在。但多数情况下是在谓语动词所表示的动作之后发生。
Eg :They often watch us play football. (同时)
She hopes to go there again. (之后发生)
完成式：不定式所表示的动作或状态发生在谓语动词所表示动作或状态之前。
Eg : I’m glad to have seen your mother yesterday
注：1）用在intended, expected, meant, hoped. promised, wanted, planned. wished. thought, desired, was, were等后，表示过去没有实现的愿望，期待或计划的等，也用来表示先于谓语动词发生的动作或状态。
Eg: He wanted to have met (=had wanted to meet) you at the airport,but he didn’t get there in time. 他原想去机场接你（事情已经发生），但他没及时赶到那儿。（没接成）
We planned to have done (had planned to do) good deeds for the poor people last month.
我们原计划上个月为贫困的人们作些好事。（没作成）。
2）用在seem. appear. think . consider. believe. 等后，表示一个动作先于另一发生
The novel is believed to have been translated into Chinese.
相信这本小说已被翻译成汉语
I’m sorry to have kept you waiting .对不起让你久等了。
3） 在should (would) like, would love 等后，表示没有实现的愿望。
I should like to have seen her face when she read the letter.
进行式：1）当谓语动词的动作或状态发生时，不定式动词所表示动作正在进行时，用进行时。Eg: They seemed to be talking about you.
He pretended to be sleeping.
2）不定式的进行式表示将来。
He is believed to be coming
3)不定式的进行式表示逐渐地变化
The weather seems to be improving
不定式的被动语态
被
动
语
态 构
成
一
般
式
to be done
完
成
式
to have been done
▲在下列情况下要用被动语态
当句子的主语是这个不定式所表示动作的承受者。
Eg: She is glad to be taken to the Great Wall.
This book is said to be put into English.
当不定式所修饰的名词是此不定式的逻辑宾语且句中又没有它的逻辑主语时。
Eg: He wanted the letter to be typed at once.
当句子的主语是不定式的逻辑宾语时，且不定式本身又带有一个宾语时，
Eg: She is too nervous to be told such a bad news.
I’m glad to be given a gold ring.
当句子的主语和表语指同一人或物，不定式修饰这个表语名词时，且与这个名词有动宾关系时。
Eg: He is a man to be trusted
不定式做宾语，且与所修饰的名词有动宾关系时。
Eg: The plan to be made is a five-year plan.
不定式的主动语态表示被动含义。
当不定式与最近的名词（代词）有动宾关系，且与句中另一个名词（代词）有主谓关系。
He has nothing to eat
I’ll give you a book to read
当不定式在“主+表（形容词）”结构中做状语，且句中主语是这个不定式的逻辑宾语时。
The text is easy to recite.
(3) 当不定式修饰there be /here be 引导的句子中的主语时。
There are two tractors to repair.
Here is a baby to take care of.
注：在there be 结构中，当说话人考虑的是必须有人去完成某件事时，不定式用主动形式；如果说话人强调的是事情本身必须被完成，则用被动形式。
There is a lot of work to do ( Someone has to do the work)
There is a lot of work to be done.( The work has to be done)
(4) to let
to blame 则只用主动语态。
The house is to let
I’m to blame
不定式的句法功能
1做主语
直接做主语
To help each other is good.
动词不定式做主语时，一般可用it 做形式主语，而把真正的主语不定式放在句末。
It is good to help each other.
但如果动词不定式做主语，句中又有一个动词不定式做表语时，就不使用上述的句型。
To see is to believe 眼见为实。
2 做表语
▲常常说明或解释主语的内容，在很多情况下不定式做表语可转化为做主语。
如：His job is to raise pigs
=To raise pigs is his job
▲表示计划或安排
A new bridge is to be built over the river soon.
不久这条河上要架新桥。
表示事态发展的结果，预期的结果，不幸的命运或预言。
You must speak out, if we are to remain friends. 如果我们想继续做朋友，你必须痛痛快快的把话说出来。
表示情态意义，相当与can. Could. (可能) should, ought to .（应该），must ( 必须)
The books are not to be found .这些书不应该卖。
He is nowhere to be found. 哪也找不到他。
表示“同意，命令，决定，劝告，意愿，禁止等”
You must be patient if you are to succeed. 要想成功，必须有耐心。
In such dry weather,the flowers will have to be watered if they are to survive.
不定式在系动词be 之后做表语与将来时的be+动词不定式结构有所区别。
！）Our plan is to ser up another middle school.
句中的谓语动词是is ,动词不定式to set up 为表语，主语为plan,并不是不定式的逻辑主语，即动词不定式to set up 所表示的动作不是主语plan 产生的。
！） We are to set up another middle school.
整个结构为句中谓语，主语为we，同时也是动词不定式to set up 所表示的动作的逻辑主语，即动词不定式to set up 所表示的动作是we 产生的。
3 做宾语
1) 一般来说，不定式只做动词的宾语，但介词except, but后可接不定式做宾语。
She wishes to be a musician.
Peter’s not going anywhere except to work.彼得除了上班之外哪也不去。
特别提示：
某些动词后须跟不定式to do 做宾语
afford（ 有足够的金钱或时间做…）；
agree （同意）； ask （ 要求做）； attempt（尝试做，试图做） beg（恳求）； choose（选择）； decide（决定）； demand（要求）； desire（希望）； determine（决定） expect（期望）； fail（未能）； happen（碰巧）； hate（不喜欢做。。。）； help（帮助）； hope（希望）； learn（学习）； long（渴望）； manage（设法做好）； offer（提议）； prefer（喜欢）；pretend(假装)；prepare(准备)；promise（允诺）； refuse（拒绝）；remain（尚待）； seem （好象）want（想要） wish（希望） wonder（感到奇怪）
某些结构后面接省to的不定式（即动词原形）：
would /had rather do, had better do, do nothing but do
2)用代词it作形式宾语，而把真正的宾语不定式结构放在句末。需用it代不定式作宾语的动词有：find, make, think, consider, feel 等。
He feels it his duty to say that you are wrong.
3)有些动词后可用“疑问词+不定式”做宾语，常用的动词有：decide, discover, forget. inquire, know,
learn, see, think, wonder.
Eg: we don’t know where to go.
4 做宾语补足语
1）可接不定式做宾补的动词有：advise （建议）； allow（允许）； ask（请求）； beg（乞求）； cause（导致）； choose（选择）； consider（认为）； drive（驱使）； encourage（鼓励）； enable（使能够）； expect（期望）； forbid（禁止）； force（强迫）； get（使）； help（帮助）； invite（邀请）； intend（打算）； like（喜欢）；order（命令）； permit（允许）； persuade（劝说）； prefer（喜欢）； request（请求）； require（要求）； remind（提醒）；teach（教）； tell（告诉）； want（想要）； warn（警告）； wish（希望）； think（认为）； trouble（麻烦）。。。
Eg: Tell the students not to play on the street.
The teacher advised us to have a rest first.
2）动词let, have, make, notice, watch, observe, feel. hear, listen to . see , look at.等后用动词原形做宾补，如改为被动语态，省掉的to 要还原。
Eg: I heard Mary sing last night.
Mary was heard to sing last night
3) tell advise. show. teach 等还可接连接代词/连接副词+不定式作宾补。
Eg: The old driver showed me how to drive the car.
4) think, consider, believe, suppose, suppose, know, feel , find understand, declare, imagine, take 等动词接不定式做宾补，但这个不定式多为to be +adj/ adv/ n
We thought him to be a naughty boy.
He felt the plan to be practical
5 不定式做定语
不定式做定语和它所修饰名词存在三种关系。
动宾关系：不定式所修饰的名词是这个不定式的逻辑宾语。
I want something to eat
He had a meeting to attend.
注：如果这个不定式是vi ，或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点，工具等，不定式后面要加必要的介词。
I have a house to live in
Please give me a knife to cut with.
Here is some paper to write on.
2)主谓关系：不定式所修饰的名词是这个不定式的逻辑主语 （即动作的发出者）
He is the first man to work out the problem.
3) 所属关系：不定式与所修饰的名词存在一种所属关系。可形成这种关系的名词有：way, need, time, plan, right, chance, opportunity, movement, reason, promise, wish. effort, struggle.
Liu Mei is on her way to see a film.
4) 起限定作用，表示将来
The question will be discussed at the meeting to be opened in Beijing.
6做状语
不定式做状语时，其逻辑主语一般为句子的主语，否则用for引导主语。 I’m sorry to have troubled you .对不起麻烦你
He was surprised to learn how much she’d spent
2)做目的状语，既可放于句首，也可置于句末；为加强语气，也可用“so as to do（只能放在句尾）”或“in order to do（可放在句首或句尾）”表目的。
He gets up early to read English
Many farmers fertilize their crops in order to make them grow more quickly.许多农民上化肥为的是让作物长得更快。
做结果状语。通常置于谓语动词后面，所表示的行为通常发生在谓语动词之后。
▼不定式短语表示结果时，常于only连用，暗示一种“意外的结果，意想不到，不料”
▼不定式做结果状语常用于以下结构。
so adj /adv as to…
such n as to…
too…to…
enough…to…
eg: He lifted a rock only to drop it on his own feet.
In 1935, he left home never to return 他离家结果一去不复返。
I’m too tired to walk any further tonight.
My son is old enough to go to school alone.
Would you be so kind as to give me an early reply?
I’m not such a fool as to believe that.
注：在有些句子中，too…to… 可表示肯定含义。
▼too 前有only, never, not, all, but , just, simply时( only too, all too , but too)表非常。
I’m only too glad to see you.
▼ 不定式符号to前有not 时。
You’re too sad not to cry.
▼too后接easy, happy, really, willing. glad, surprise, eager, anxious等表示心情或描述性的形容词时，
This book is too easy to understand.
7 不定式的否定形式：
句型“not+ 不定式”；“never +不定式”
My father told me not to skate on the lake. 我爸爸告诉过我不要在湖上溜冰。
Father told me never to see her again. 父亲告诉我不要再去看她了。
特别提示：不定式作目的状语时，否定形式不能用not to do sth. 应用 in order not to do sth 或so as not to do sth.
I’m going to start now, in order not to miss the beginning. 我现在就出发为的是不错过开头。
重点关注：
1．It is + adj for sb to do 或 It is adj of sb to do
我们常用for sb 或of sb.来做不定式的逻辑上的主语。但是什么情况下用for 或of,主要从以下两方面来进行区别：
A: for sb 的句型通常使用表示客观情况的形容词。如: easy, difficult, hard, important, possible, impossible. necessary, unnecessary. Interesting等。如：
It is important for us to express our opinions.对于我们来说，表达我们的意见是很重要的。
It is hard for him to get rid of his bad habits.他很难改掉他的坏毛病。
B: of sb 的句型一般用表示主观感情或态度的形容词，如：good, kind, nice, wise, clever, silly. Stupid, foolish. right . wrong . careful. careless. polite. impolite, rude 等
It is clever of him to leave that country.
It was very kind of you to come to help me .你来帮我忙太好了。
2 疑问词+不定式在句中起名词的作用，可做主语，表语，宾语。
How to prevent from swimming in this river is a problem.
We didn’t know why not to give them an exact answer at that time.
He will teach us how to study.
My question is when to begin the experiment.
We must think of what to do next.
3 不定式符号to 保留问题
有时为了避免重复，可用to 代替前面的不定式，这种情况常出现在下列动词之后。
Expect/ hope/ wish/ mean/ prefer/care/ forget/ want/ try/plan/hate…后 或出现在be glad/happy/,would like/ love等的后面。
--Would you like to have some coffee?
--Yes, I’d like to
但是如果在省略的不定式结构中含有be, have, have been,这些词要保留。
--Are you on holiday?
--No, but I’d like to be
--I didn’t tell him the news.
--Oh, you ought to have.
My father wanted me to be a lawyer, but I didn’t want to be ( a player)
4省去to的不定式
两个或两个以上作用相同的不定式并列使用时，除第一个外其余不定式的to可省略。
She told the child to stay there and wait till she came back.
但两者若有对比关系时，每个不定式前都要加to.
He hasn’t decided whether to go home or to stay at school.
2）主语被不定式修饰时，不定式做表语时省略to.
The thing for you to do is face the facts.你要做的事是面对事实。
5不定式在句中作为独立成分
有时不定式在句中作为独立成分出现，用来说明说话人的态度，一般来讲，人们已经把这些不定式作为固定词组或固定搭配来运用。
He can’t walk fast, not to speak of running 他走不快，更不用说跑。
Strange to say, his hair turned white during the night.说来奇怪，他头发一夜间变白了。
高考需记住的常用的固定词组或搭配有：
To tell ( speak, say) the truth (说真的)
To make a long story short（长话短说）
To be brief
（简而言之）
To say nothing of （更不必说）
Not to speak of…（更不必说）
Not to mention…（更不必提）
let alone （更不用说）
strange to say（说也奇怪）
to be exact（确切的说）
to begin with（首先）
to make things worse（更遭的是）
考点解析
每年英语高考测试中，词汇考查总会占一定的比例，而动词更是重点考查词类，尤其是非谓语动词历年考 _____the programme, they have to stay there for another two weeks. (广东2004)
A. Not completing B. Not completed C. Not having completed D. Having not completed
【解析】选C。they存在着主动关系，所以非谓语动词需用主动语态（即现在分词形式），在时态上应用完成时态。另外现在分词的否定形式则为“not＋现在分词”构成，所以答案为C项了。
例2、The play
next month aims mainly to reflect the local culture.
A. produced
B. being produced
C. to be produced
D. having been produced
【】C。句意下个月将的戏剧主要是反映地方文化。couldn’t help talking to myself.
A. lost
B. losing
C. to lose
D. have lost
【】
考点二、从词的惯用法或固定结构搭配考查非谓语动词的用法
例1、I like getting up very early in summer. The morning air is so good ______.
A. to be breathed B. to breathe C. breathing D. being breathed
【解析】David threatened
his neighbour to the police if the damages were not paid.
A. to be reported
B. reporting
C. to report
D. having reported
【】C。句意David 威胁说如果损得不到赔偿，就把邻居告到警察那去。threaten to do sth（威胁要做某事David之间存在着主动关系，就可以判定应该选C项了。
例3、—The last one ______ pays the meal.
—Agreed!
A．arrivedB．arrives
C．to arriveD．arriving
【】从词的惯用法和固定结构方面来考查非谓语动词，只能需要考生在平时学习中要多加积累并学会在语境中理解才能更好地应付。但下面几点需要特别注意。
1、不定式的主动形式表示被动含义有三种情况1）在“be＋表示特征性质的形容词＋不定式”结构中；该结构中常用的形容词有： easy ，hard ， difficult ， important ， impossible ， interesting ， pleasant ， nice ， comfortable ， safe ， dangerous ， cheap ， fit ， heavy，happy, glad, pleasant, sorry, lucky, surprised, angry, able, right, ready, clever, foolish, quick, slow, polite, wrong等。这类形容词既说明主语的又与不定式构成因果关系。
2）不定式与疑问词连用时；3）某些如to blame等不定式与be动词连用时，。
2常接动名词作宾语的动词（或词组）有：dmit, advise, appreciate, avoid, can’t help, consider, delay, excuse, enjoy, escape, finish, imagine, keep on, mind, practice, suggest, understand, miss,
3、后面只能跟名词或动名词作宾语的动词短语有：devote…to…,（把…奉献给） be/become/get used to（习惯于）, object to（反对）, look forward to（期望）, add up to（结果是）, admit to（承认）, be equal to（等于）, burst out（突然爆发）, get down to（开始）, insist on/stick to/ adhere to /persist in（坚持）, take to（开始）, see to（注意）, set about（着手）, lead to（导致）, pay attention to（注意）, think about /think of（考虑）, succeed in（成功）, worry about（担忧），give up（放弃）, dream of（梦见）, hear of（听说）, depend on（依靠）, feel like（很想要）, can’t stand（不能忍受）, prevent/stop/keep…from…（阻止…干…）, have difficulty in（对…有困难）, put off（推迟）等。
4、后面接动词原形（即不带to的不定式）作宾语或宾语补足语的动词有以下几种情况。
①在感官动词后（如hear, feel, watch, notice, see, discover, observe, listen to, look at等）作宾语补足语时；
②在使役动词后（如have, make, let, leave等）作宾语补足语时；
③在一些固定结构后（如had better, would rather, rather than, can’t help but等）作宾语时；
④以why开头的省略疑问句中；
5、常见有些动词(7个)后面既可以跟不定式（表示动作还没有发生）还可以跟动名词（表示动作已经发生），它们是：forget, remember, regret, stop, go on, try, mean等。
①forget to do忘记要去做某事
forget doing忘记已做过某事
②remember to do记住去做某事
remember doing记得做过某事
③regret to do对要做的事表示抱歉
regret doing对做过的事表示遗憾或后悔
④stop to do停止下来去做另一件事
stop doing停止正在做的事
⑤go on to do做完一件事后，继续去做另一件事
go on doing继续做原来的事
⑥ try to do 尽力要去做某事
try doing 尝试做某事
⑦ mean to do 打算去做某事
mean doing 意味去做某事
考点三：从独立主格结构考查非谓语动词的用法
例1、I send you 100 dollars today, the rest _____ in a year.
A. follows
B. followed
C. to follow
D. being followed
【解析】选 C。句意为“我今天先付给你一百美圆，其余的将在年内给你”。前后两部分之间只有逗号相隔，而没有连接词，所以可以判定后一部分应为独立主格结构。空格处应填分词或不定式。根据时间状语in a year可知，非谓语动词要用将来时态，而且与其逻辑主语the rest存在着主动关系。所以答案应是C了。
例2、The country has already sent up three unmanned spacecraft，the most recent _____ at the end of last March.A. has been launchedB. having been launched C. being launched
D. to be launched 【】the most recent）之间存在被动关系，因此答案则应是B了。
【考点小结】
独立主格结构是英语中的一个特殊短语结构，它只有逻辑上的主语（名词或代词充当）和谓语（一般用分词，不定式，形容词，副词，数词，介词短语来充当），而没有语法意义上的主语和谓语，主要用语书面语中，在口语中不常用，在句子中起状语作用，相当于一个状语从句，表示时间、原因、方式、条件、伴随情况等，用于修饰整个句子。其位置可放在句首、句中或句尾，与主句之间只有逗号相隔，而没有任何连词相连，这是区别独立主格结构与分句的主要特征。
非谓语动词充当独立主格结构中的逻辑谓语，主要有两种形式，即“逻辑主语＋分词”和“逻辑主语＋不定式”。在“分词”选择上（是现在分词还是过去分词）以及“不定式”语态确定上主要根据逻辑主语和逻辑谓语之间的关系（是主动关系还是被动关系）来确定，若是被动关系就选择过去分词或不定式的被动式，若是主动关系就选择现在分词或不定式的主动式。
另外，还有一种省略逻辑主语的独立主格结构，即当逻辑主语表示一般人（如we, you, one等）时，主语可省略。这时独立主格结构相当于一个插入语。如，generally speaking, strictly speaking（严格地说）, talking of（谈到）, speaking of（说到）, judging from…（由…来判断）, considering（考虑到）, taking all things into consideration（把一切考虑在内）。
A small plane crashed into a hillside five miles east of the city, _____all four people on board.
A. killed
B. killing
C. kills
D. to kill
【】B。句意一架小飞机在城东五英里外的山坡上坠毁，机上四人全部遇难。all four people，根据句子意思以及非谓语动词在句中的句法功能（即充当结果状语）可知，需用主动形式（即现在分词）。所以只能选B项了。
例2、At the age of 29, Dave was a worker,
in a small apartment near Boston and ______ what to do about his future.
A. living; wondering
B. lived; wondering
C. lived; wondered
D. living; wondered
【】A。句意大卫29岁工人住在波士顿附近的一间小公寓不知将来能什么。Dave之间存在着主动关系，所以都应该选择现在分词t’s no good/use句型中多用动名词。
③ 从时间概念上区别，不定式多表示将来或已完成，而动名词一般无时间概念。
2、可作宾语的有不定式、动名词和分词，但两者区别在于：
① 不定式不能作介词的宾语。
② 动名词不能作宾语补足语。
③ 现在分词和过去分词只可作宾语补足语，而不能作其他宾语。
④ 关于不定式、动名词或分词究竟在情况下可跟在动词后面作宾语，可以结合“考点二小结”来区别和运用。
3、非谓语动词都可以作表语，但所表达的意义和特点不尽相同（可见下表）
（非谓语动词作表语的区别）
时间概念 相对词性
不定式 多表将来 名词
动名词 无时间概念 名词
现在分词 表示当时 形容词
过去分词 表示当时 形容词
4、非谓语动词作状语时也是有区别的（具体情况见下表），作目的状语和结果状语的通常是不定式，分词一般作时间状语、原因状语、条件状语和伴随状语。另外，动名词不作状语。
状语
时间 原因 条件 伴随 目的 结果
不定式
√ √
动名词
现在分词 √ √ √ √
过去分词 √ √ √ √
5、非谓语动词都可作定语，但也有区别（见下表）。
与被修饰词的位置关系 与被修饰词的逻辑关系 时间概念
不定式 位于被修饰词之后 动宾关系 表示将来或将发生
动名词 位于被修饰词之前 表示被修饰词的性能作用 经常发生
现在分词 或前或后 主谓关系 正在发生
过去分词 或前或后 动宾关系 已经发生
五年高考
A组
2017年全国高考题组
1.【2017浙江卷,11】 "It's a such nice place," Mother said as she sat at the table________ for customs.
A. to be reserved
B. Living reserved
C. reserving D. reserved
【考点】非谓语—过去分词
【答案】D
【解析】reserve和谓语动词sat之间没有连词，故用非谓语，且和其逻辑主语the table逻辑上构成被动关系，故用过去分词表示被动、完成的概念，在句子中做后置定语。
2.【2017浙江卷,8】 I think Tom, as the head of a big department, should cither study regularly or______ his job.
A. quits B. to quit C. quitting D. quit
【考点】并列结构
【答案】D
【解析】 either…or+并列结构，前后形式上保持一致，由此与study相呼应，故答案选D，用动词原形。
3.【2017浙江卷,3】 No matter how bright a talker you are, there are times when it's better silent.
A. remain B. be remaining C. having remained D. to remain
【考点】非谓语—不定式
【答案】D
【解析】it做形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式：to remain silent. 可归结为句型：it is +形容词/名词+to do/that…。当然it也可以做形式宾语，如find/feel it +to do/that….。
4.【2017安徽卷,30】 When
for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding.
A. asking
B. asked
C. having asked
D. to be asked
【答案】B
【考点】本题考查非谓语动词，逻辑主语是Philip, 还原句子 When Philip was asked for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding.
C
【考点 非谓语动词。
解析不定式表目的，又因D选项时态错误，故选C。
2017湖南 The lecture, ____ at 7:00 pm last night, was followed by an observation of the moon with telescopes.
A. starting B. being started C. to start D. to be started
【答案】A
【考点】本题考查非谓语动词的用法。根据last night可知start已经发生，故排除C、D（不定式常表将来），B（being done）一般表进行，也排除。非谓语动词的主动语态和被动语态 现在分词作定语
2017湖南 Time, ____ correctly, is money in the bank.
A. to use B. used C. using D. use
【答案】B
【考点】考查非谓语动词。
【解析】因为本句已有谓语动词is，且没有连词或引导词，故排除谓语形式D；而time与use为被动关系，所以选B。谓语与非谓语动词 过去分词作条件状语或时间状语 表被动
A
【考点】祈使句用法
【解析】结合选项来分析句子结构，逗号前为时间状语从句，后面实际上是一个祈使句。由此可知，A选项符合题意。因此，正确答案为A选项。
9.【2017辽宁卷,29】
This machine is very easy
. Anybody can learn to use it in a few minutes.
A. operating
B. to be operating
C.
operated
D.
to operate
【答案】D
【考点】非谓语动词
句型“主语+be+adj+to do”这个主语是动词do的逻辑宾语，故用主动表被动，
B组
2008-2011年全国高考题组
1.【2011浙江卷,3Bats are surprisingly long-lived creatures, some
a life span of around 20 years.
A. having
B had
C. have
D. to have
【答案】A
【考点】考查。句意为“令人惊讶的是，蝠是长寿的动物，有些能活20年左右。”hadhave是谓语动词形式，题中没有连词，无法并存两个句子。to have表将来；having表伴随，因此，选A。
2.【2011浙江卷,14Even the best writers sometimes find themselves
for words.
A. lose
B. lost
C.
to lose
D. having lost
【答案】B
【考点】考查非谓语动词。句意为“甚至最优秀的作家有时也会发现他们难以用文字表达自己。”loselose的宾语，故用过去分词lost当形容词用，作find themselves的宾语补足语。选B。
3.【2011浙江卷,19If they win the final tonight, the team are going to tour around the city
by their enthusiastic supporters.
A. being cheered
B. be cheered
C. to be cheered
D. were cheered
【答案】C
【考点】考查非谓语动词。句意为“如果他们赢了今晚的决赛，队员们将会巡游，接受热心支持者的欢呼。”Abeing cheered正在进行；B项be cheered是谓语原形；D项were cheered也是谓语，但句中已有谓语are going to；C项to be cheered表示将来，同时也表示被动。根据语境，选C。
4.【2011四川卷,11Simon made a big bamboo box
the little sick bird till it could fly.
A. keep
B. kept
C. keeping
D. to keep
【答案】D
【考点】考查非谓语动词。句意为“Simon制作了一个大竹盒来养这只生病的小鸟，直到它能飞。”make a big bamboo boxkeep the little sick bird，因此选D表示目的状语。A项构成使役用法，大竹盒made冲突；C项是伴随状语，表示made与keep同时进行。根据句意选D。
5.【2011重庆卷,29More TV programs, according to government officials, will be produced
people’s concern over food safety.
A .to raise
B. raising
C. to have raised
D. having raised
【答案】A
【考点】考查非谓语动词。句意为“据政府官员说，为了唤起人们对食品安全的关注，将制作更多的电视节目。”raisingto have raised表示动作已发生；having raised表示动作先发生；to raise表示目的状语，事情还没有发生，是前面“将制作更多的电视节目2011江西卷32On receiving a phone call from his wife
she had a fall, Mr. Gorden immediately rushed home from his office.
A. says
B. said
C. saying
D. to say
【答案】C
【考点】考查非谓语动词。“在接到妻子的电话说她摔倒，Gorden先生立刻从办公室冲回家。”非谓语动词修饰phone call，前后动词的动作在同一时间发生，表主动进行用现在分词的形式。选C。
7.【2010浙江卷】The traffic rule says young children under the age of four and
less than 40 pounds must be in a child safety seat.
A. being weighed
B. to weigh
C. weighed
D. weighing
【答案】D
【考点】本题考查非谓语动词。
【解析】根据句子结构：主语：the traffic rule；谓语动词：says；宾语从句：young children under the age of four and ____ less than 40 pounds must be in a child safety seat。宾语从句中的主干
为：young children must be in a child safety seat。under the age of four and ____ less than 40 pounds用于修饰宾语从句主语children。动词weigh与名词children是主动关系, 所以选择weighing。句意：交通法则规定四岁以下并且体重不超过四十磅的婴儿必须坐在婴儿安全座上。
8.【2010北京卷】I’m calling to enquire about the position
in yesterday’s China Daily.
A. advertised
B. to be advertised
C. advertising
D. having advertised
【答案】A
【考点】本题考查非谓语动词
句意：我打电话来咨询下昨天中国日报上刊登职位的信息。the position肯定是被advertise, 此处的分词可以理解为一个定语从句which was advertised
_______and short of breath, Andy and Ruby were the first to reach the top of Mount Tai.
A. the; a
B. Tired
C. Tiring
D. Being tired
【答案】B
【考点】考查非谓语动词。
【解析】安迪和卢比第一批到达泰山之巅, 筋疲力尽且呼吸困难。形容词作伴随状语, 主语是人, 因此用tired。答案BThere is a great deal of evidence _______ that music activities engage different parts of the brain.
A. indicate
B. indicating
C. to indicate
D. to be indicating
【答案】B
【考点】考查非谓语动词。
【解析】evidence与indicate之间是主动的关系, 所以用现在分词作定语, 可以恢复为which indicatesThere be结构中, 作主语的名词或代词后有时带不定式或现在分词作其定语。定语用不定式表示未做或要去做的动作;用现在分词表示动作正在进行或与谓语动作所表示的动作几乎同时发生, 或表示某个经常的动作或状态。答案B。
11.【2008浙江卷】
that he was in great danger,
Eric walked deeper into the forest.
A. Not realized
B. Not to realize
C. Not realizing
D. Not to have realized
【答案】C
【考点】考查非谓语动词。
【解析】realize与句子的主语构成主谓关系, 故排除A项；B项和D项都指将来的动作, 故选C。
12.【2008浙江It is one of the funniest things
on the Internet so far this year.
A. finding
B. being found
C .to find
D. found
【答案】D
【考点】考查非谓语动词。
【解析】found此处为过去分词作后置定语, 用来修饰things,
与things构成被动关系。句意为：这是今年到目前为止在因特网上发现的最滑稽的事情之一。
三年模拟
A组
2017年全国模拟题组
1.. （浙江省天台中学11-12学年高三上学期第二次阶段考试，37）
---- It is said that Johnson is the first young teacher_________ to professor in your university this year.
---- Exactly, _________ of his own competence is an important factor in his success.
A. promoted; convincing
B. to have been promoted; convincing
C. promoted; being convinced
D. to have been promoted; being convinced
2．（浙江省杭州市2017届高三第一次高考教学质量检测，13）Yesterday I arrived home from work only to find my little son
inside, carrying his heart out.
A．locking B．being locked C．locked D．to lock
3.（浙江省杭州市建人高复2017届3月月考，11）Tom sat under a tree and seeing his friend，______ up in no time.
A. to stand
B. stood
C. standing
D. would stood
4.（浙江省嘉兴市2017届高三下学期教学质量检查（二），14）
--- Did you witness the traffic accident round the corner?
--- It was really scaring. Many people were passing with their eyes half
.
A．covered B．covering C．being covered D．to be covered
5.（浙江省嘉兴一中2017届高三摸底测试题，33）This company was the first ______ portable radios as well as cassette tape recorder in the world.
A producing
B to produce
C having produced
D produced
6.(金华十校2017年高考模拟考试,14)The school library provides a variety of books, _______ they will meet the needs of different students．
A．to hope
B．hope
C．hoped
D．hoping
7. The church tower _______ will be open to tourists soon．The work is almost finished．
A. having repaired
B. having been repaired
C. repairing
D. being repaired
. (浙江省六校联盟2017届高三第一次联考,3)New surveys suggest that people are more stressed and working longer hours than ever with technological tools constantly ______.
A. updating B. updates C. updated D. to update
9. (浙江省宁波市2017届高三上学期期末试题,2)If not _______, you’re allowed to return everything within 10 days for a full refund and no further duties.
A. to satisfy
B. being satisfied
C. satisfied
D. satisfying
10.(浙江省宁波市八校2017届高三上学期期初测试,6)The old lady got up just before sunrise, as she often does, _____along the beach and get some fresh air.
A. walked
B. to walk
C. walking
D. having walked
11．The object ___ on his visit to the USA last month, Chinese President Hu Jingtao was in high spirits．
A．accomplished
B．was accomplished
C．having accomplished