说明文
说明文是指说明事物的情况或道理的文章,目的介绍某一方面的知识。一般来说,高考中的说明文常涉及 : 商品介绍、旅游指南、科技读物和工作总结这几类,而形式上常以图画、图表和文字提示的形式出现。考生要根据实际情况综合运用多种说明方式,以便从不同角度、不同方面把说明对象完整地介绍出来,从而增强表达效果。同时注意运用适当过渡词来体现上下文的逻辑关系:
1.表示时间顺序的:then,now,soon,afterwards,later等。
2.表示程序、动作过程的:first,second,firstly,secondly,first of all,next,at first,at last等。
3.表示递进的:what’s more,once more,what is worse,in addition,besides 等。
4.表示解释和说明:namely,for example,for instance,actually,believe it or not,to tell you the truth,that is(to say),according to this,for this reason等。
5.表示比较、对比的:just as,just like,more or less,sooner or later,on the contrary,on the other hand等。
6.表示总结的: finally,in conclusion,in a word,in general,generally speaking,in short 等。
范例:假设你是一所对外汉语大学的工作人员,新学期开学时, 请你用英语写一段有关学校服务设施的文字介绍,张贴在新生宿舍门口, 方便不懂汉语的学生熟悉环境。
其中应包括以下要点:
1.商店、 邮局、银行在校园西部游泳池附近,约五分钟路程。
2.营业时间:商店——每天9∶00~22∶00。邮局——9∶00~17∶00周末休息。银行——中国银行9∶00~17∶00可兑换外币。
3.理发店在银行对面,洗衣房在宿舍楼后面一栋楼的第一层。
4.服务电话:8645336。
注意:1.词数:100左右。
2.文章的开头已给出,不计入总词数。
3.参考词汇: 兑换外币currency exchange;洗衣房 laundry
To all the new students
Welcome to our school.To make your stay here more enjoyable,here’s some information about the service available at our school.
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【思路导航】
1.文体分析:本文是说明文。
2.段落层次
(1)第一段说明学校介绍服务设施的目的,引出正文。
(2)第二段依次介绍商店、邮局和银行的位置及开放时间。
(3)第三段对可能未尽事宜提供联络咨询的方式。
【范文赏读】
To_all_the_new_students
Welcome_to_our_school.To_make_your_stay_here_more_enjoyable,here’s_some_information_about_the_service_available_at_our_school.
Located in the west of our school,just near the swimming pool,are the shops,the post office and the bank.The shops stay open from nine in the morning till ten at night,where you can get daily necessities.The post office is open for eight hours,from nine am to five pm.And it doesn’t open during the weekends.There is a Bank of China,which can provide you with currency exchanges.It is open for eight hours,beginning at nine in the morning.By the way,there’s a barber’s just opposite the bank.If you want to go to the laundry,there is one on the ground floor of the building just behind the dormitory.
If you have any difficulty,you may just call our hotline,8645336.We are always ready to provide you with our good service.
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