Unit 15 Learning重点单词 1.________ n. 改正；改进→________ vt. & vi. 改正
2.________ adj. 简单的→________ vt. 简化
3.________vt. 理解→________ vt. 误解→________ n. 误会4.________ vt. 教导；指导→________n. 教导；指导→________adj. 有教育意义的
5.________n. 作业；任务→________vt. 分配；指派
6.________n. 惩罚→________ vt. 惩罚
7.________vt. 保卫；保护→________ n. 保卫
8.________ vt. 假设；假定→________n. 假设；假定
9.________ vt. & vi. 批准；同意→________n. 批准；同意
10.________n. 欣赏；感激→________ vt. 欣赏；感激
重点短语 1.________ ________ 裁员；解雇
2.________ ________ ________ ________ 怀疑某人做某事
3.________ ________ 除……之外
4.________ ________
________ ________ 沉溺于某事
5.________ ________ ________ ________ 在某种程度上
6.________ ________ 出发；引发
7.________ ________ ________ ________ / ________ ________ 习惯于……
8.________ ________ 赞同；同意
9.________ ________ ________ 总的来说
10.________ ________ 经常做……；倾向于
11.________ ________ 发呆；默然
12.________ ________ ________ ________ 撞见某人做某事
重点句式 1.be about to do...句型
2.as if引导的表语从句和状语从句
3.not only...but also... 的用法
核心语法 虚拟语气在条件句的运用
自我重点单词：
1．correction；correct 2.simple; simplify 3.understand; misunderstand; misunderstanding 4.instruct; instruction; instructive
5．assignment; assign 6.punishment; punish 7.defend; defence 8.assume; assumption 9.approve; approval 10.appreciation; appreciate
重点短语：
1．lay off 2.suspect sb of sth 3.aside from 4.be buried in sth 5.to a certain extent 6.set off 7.be accustomed; used to sth / doing sth 8.approve of 9.as a whole 10.tend to 11.go blank 12.catch sb doing sth
1．instruct vt. 命令；指导；通知；教导
instruct sb to do sth指导/命令/通知某人做某事
instruct a class in history给学生上历史课
instruct sb in English教某人英语
instruction n. 用法说明；操作指南(常用作复数)
1)I'll ________ my secretary to send an invitation to you right away. 我让我的秘书马上给你们发一个邀请函。
2)I will ________ him whether to come today or tomorrow. 我将通知他是今天来还是明天来。
【答案】 1)instruct 2)instruct
(1)单项填空
In October, the price of the ________ to Mount Tai has risen by 50 yuan.
A．permissionB．admission
C．promise
D．instruction
【答案与解析】 B permission“允许”；admission“入场费”；promise“答应”；instruction“指导”。此处指“入场费”，故选B项。
(2)名校押题
(2010福建泉州高三抽测)Do read the ________ on the bottle carefully and take the proper amount of medicine every time.
A．explanations
B．instructions
C．descriptions
D．introductions
【答案与解析】 B read the instructions on the bottle carefully “认真阅读瓶子上的说明”。explanation “解释”； description “描述”； introduction “介绍”。
2. reflect vi. 思考 vt. 映射；反射；思考
reflect...in... 在……里映射……；通过……来表达 / 表明……
reflect sth from sth 从某物(表面)反射(光、热、声等)
reflect in... 倒映在；在……中看到
reflect on / upon sth 认真思考某事
reflection n. 反映；反射
reflective adj. 沉思的；深思的
1)He looked at his face ________ in the mirror. 他照镜子看看脸。
2)The moon shines with ________ light. 月球是反射阳光而发光的。
3)How distant those times seemed now, he ________. 他在想那些日子现在已显得多么遥远。
4)That choice ________ your good taste. 那选择反映了你的品味高雅。
【答案】 1)reflected 2)reflected 3)reflected
4)reflects
(1)用reflect的适当形式填空
1)Does this letter ________ how you really think?
2)These excellent results ________ great credit on all our staff.
3)She sat ________ ________ how much it had changed since he'd bought the farm.
4)He ________ that he had no right to do this.
【答案】 1)reflect 2)reflect 3)reflecting on 4)reflected
(2)名校押题
(2011宁夏固原毕业班质检)Sean's strong love for his hometown is ________ in his recently published poems.
A．replied
B．reflected
C．responded
D．recovered
【答案与解析】 B reply“回答；答复”，为不及物动词；reflect“反映”；respond“回应”；recover“恢复；收回”。 题意：肖恩对祖国强烈的爱在他最近发表的诗歌中反映出来了。
3．select vt. 选择；挑选；选拔
selection n. 选择；挑选
selective adj. 选择性的；有选择的
1)I will ________ a Christmas present for my son. 我要给儿子挑一份圣诞礼物。
2)Simon has been ________ to represent us at the conference in Paris. 西蒙已被推选出来代表我们出席在巴黎的会议。
3)We must ________ from among the good cadres. 我们必须从好干部中挑选。
【答案】 1)select 2)selected 3)select
choose, select和pick out
三者都有“挑选”的意思。
choose 通常指在所提供的对象中，凭借个人的判断进行选择。
select 指有目的地仔细认真地选择， 有“精选”的含义。
pick out 比较通俗， 常指按照个人喜好或意愿进行挑选，或指“分辨；辨认出”。
(1)用choose, select 和 pick out 填空
1)________ the best answer. 选择最佳答案。
2)He looked through the suits and ________ the cheapest one for me. 他在那些衣服里找了一阵， 挑了一套最便宜的给我。
3)It was easy to ________ ________ Bob's father.鲍勃的父亲很容易被认出来。
【答案】 1)Choose 2)selected 3)pick out
(2)名校押题
1)(2011 海南海口高三适应性测试)There are eight pairs ________， but I'm at a loss which to purchase.
A．to be chosen
B．to choose from
C．to choose
D．for choosing
【答案与解析】 B choose from “从……中选择”，这里应当用不定式作定语，故选B项。题意：共有八双可供选择，但我不知该买哪一双。
2)(2011 安徽铜陵高三模拟)It was so dark at the theatre that I could hardly ________ my friend.
A．turn out
B．give out
C．call out
D．pick out
【答案与解析】 D 考查动词短语。 turn out “生产出；结果是”； give out “放出；发出；用完；用尽”； call out “召唤出动”； pick out “挑选出；辨认出”。 题意：电影院里很黑，我几乎不能辨认出我的朋友。
4．lack
v．&n. 缺乏；缺少；不足
lack (for) sth 缺少某物
be lacking (in) sth缺少某物
for / by / from / through lack of 因缺乏……；因没有……
have no lack of不缺乏……
1)I cannot buy the bike because of my ________ ________ money. 我因为缺钱而买不起那辆自行车。
2)A ________ ________ food caused her to grow weak. 缺少食物导致她身体虚弱。
3)We still ________ the necessary information. 我们仍缺少必要的信息。
4)The child seems to be ________ in intelligence. 这孩子似乎缺乏智慧。
【答案】 1)lack of 2)lack of 3)lack 4)lacking
(1)单项填空
—He says that my new car is a ________ of money.
—Don't you think those words are just sour grapes?
A．lack
B．load
C．question
D．waste
【答案与解析】 D 根据语境可知他说“我”的新车浪费钱。a waste of money “浪费钱”。
(2)名校押题
(2011安徽巢湖高三期末教学质检)Though ________ money, all his family members managed to send him to university.
A．lacked
B．lacking of
C．lacking
D．lacked in
【答案与解析】 C lack在此作及物动词，意为“缺乏；缺少”。其逻辑主语是“all his family members”，因而用v－ing主动形式。
5．worthwhile adj. 值得的
worthwhile可用作定语，也可用作表语。用作表语时，其后可接动词不定式，也可后接v－ing。
1)We decided to give the money to a ________ cause (＝ one that helps people)．我们决定将钱用于对人民有益的事业上。
2)It is ________ ________ ________ / ________ abroad because you will make more money.去国外是值得的，因为你将会赚更多的钱。
【答案】 1)worthwhile 2)worthwhile to go / going
worth, worthy和worthwhile
这三个词都有“值得”的意思，但用法或搭配不同。
worth后通常接名词(多数为钱数或价值相当的比喻性名词)。其后还可接v－ing的主动形式，表示被动含义(一般不接不定式)。如果表示“很值得”的意思时，要用be well worth。
worthy后可接of ＋ n. / being done 或接 to be done，其后还可接不定式。
worthwhile既可作表语，又可作定语。
常用于句型it is worthwhile...中，其后跟动名词短语或不定式短语均可(动名词短语或不定式短语是句子的真正主语)。
(1)单项填空
—What do you think of the science fiction?
—Oh, excellent. It's worth ________ many times.
A．to read
B．to be read
C．reading
D．being read
【答案与解析】 C be worth doing “值得做”，这里用主动表被动。
(2)名校押题
(2011江苏盐城高三二模)It is not ________ to discuss the question again and again.
A．worth
B．worthy
C．worthwhile
D．valuable
【答案与解析】 C 根据题意可知，此句只适合用词组be worthwhile to do sth，因此选C项。be worthwhile 后也可接v－ing。
6．acquire vt. 获得；取得；学到
常指通过努力获得知识、技能、声誉等。
1)The collector has ________ a fine collection of impressionists'paintings.这位收藏家收集了大量印象派画家的画。
2)How did he ________ his wealth？他的财富是怎样得来的？
3)Through reading one can ________ knowledge.人们可以通过读书来获得知识。
【答案】 1)acquired 2)acquire 3)acquire
(1)翻译句子
他因发明了电视机而享有国际声誉。
________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 He acquired on international reputation for invention of television.
(2)名校押题
(2011山东师大附中一模)In order to ________ a good knowledge of German, she quitted her job and went to study in a German school.
A．requireB．inquireC．acquireD．request
【答案与解析】 C 考查动词词义辨析。require “需要；要求”； inquire “询问；查询”； acquire “获得；学到”； request “请求；邀请；要求”。
7．ignore vt. 不顾；不理；忽视
ignorant adj.无知的；没知识的；未受教育的
be ignorant of sth 不知道某事
ignorance n. 无知
show ignorance of sth对某事全然无知
from / out of / through ignorance出于无知
1)On no account ________ ________ ________ the value of knowledge. 我们绝对不能忽视知识的价值。
2)She didn't see me wave or she deliberately ________ me.要么她没看见我招手，要么就是故意不理我。
3)________ ________ / ________ this would be a mistake.忽视这点是错误的。
【答案】 1)can we ignore 2)ignored 3)To ignore；Ignoring
(1)单项填空
Safety regulations are being ________ by company managers in the drive to increase profits.
A．left
B．thrown
C．ignored
D．emphasized
【答案与解析】 C 考查动词词义辨析。leave“离开；丢下”；throw“扔掉”；ignore“忽视；不顾”；emphasize“强调”。题意为“受增长收益的驱使，安全措施被公司经理忽视了”。结合题意可知C项为正确答案。
(2)名校押题
(2010 山东聊城高三模拟)—My children are always arguing.
—________
A．Just ignore them.
B．That's right.
C．You're welcome.
D．How old is the boy?
【答案与解析】 A 考查交际用语。 just ignore them“别理他们”，符合题意。
urge (sb) on sth鼓励(某人)做某事；激励；为(某人)加油
urge sb to do / into doing sth 敦促/怂恿/强烈要求/力劝某人做某事
urge against sth 极力反对某事
urge for sth 极力主张某事
urge ＋ that从句(that从句用虚拟语气，谓语部分用should＋动词原形，其中should 可以省略)
urgent adj. 紧迫的；紧急的；非常重要的；急需的
urgency n．紧迫之事
1)What can we do to ________ these lazy workers to work hard? 我们怎样才能敦促这些懒惰的工人去努力工作呢？
2)The dogs are ________ ________ fighting more fiercely by loud shouts from the crowd. 人群里发出的高声叫喊使这些狗咬斗得更凶了。
3)They ________ us ________ ________ at once. 他们催促我们马上去。
8．urge vt.&vi.力劝；敦促；鼓励；极力主张
4)The senator ________ ________ the adoption of the measure. 那位参议员极力反对采取这项措施。
5)The citizens ________ ________ the construction of a new hospital. 市民们强烈要求建一个新医院。
6)My friends urged that I ________ for the job. 朋友们力劝我申请那份工作。
【答案】 1)urge 2)urged into 3)urged；to go 4)urged against 5)urged for 6)(should) apply
(1)用urge, urgent 或 urgency 填空
1)We ________ the school team on with loud cheers. 我们大声助威，激励校队拼搏。
2)Many people are in ________ need of food and water. 许多人急需食物和水。
3)She was ________ in her demands. 她的要求很急切。
4)It now is a matter of ________ that aid reaches the famine area. 现在最紧迫的事情是把救援物资运抵饥荒地区。
【答案】 1)urged 2)urgent 3)urgent 4)urgency
(2)名校押题
(2010山东威海模拟)The villagers have been cut off by floods from the outside world for a week and they are now in ________ need of food.
A．anxious
B．urgent
C．passive
D．formal
【答案与解析】 B in urgent need of “急需”。
9．assume vt. 假设；假定；主观认为；装出……样子；承担
assume sb / sth to be假定/假设某人/某事为……
It is assumed that...……被认为
assumed adj. 假装的；假的；假定的；设想的
an assumed result 假定的结果
assumption n. 假定；假设
make an assumption认为；假定
on the assumption that假定
assuming adj.自负的；傲慢的；过分自信的conj.假如 (后跟从句)
assuming that... 假设/假定……
1)I made a mistake and I will ________ ________ ________ it.我错了，我愿为此承担责任。
2)I ________ ________ you can speak French fluently.我以为你能讲流利的法语。
3)________ ________ ________ ________ ________， what should we do now？假定这是真的，我们现在该怎么办？
4)________ ________ ________ ________ ________ stress is caused by too much work.普遍认为，紧张是工作过重所致。
【答案】 1)assume responsibility for 2)assumed that 3)Assuming it to be true 4)It is generally assumed that
assume, guess和imagine
assume“假设；设想；认为”，指很少或完全无根据的心理推测，并非合乎逻辑的推理，或指为论证而提出有一定根据的假设。
guess“猜测；猜想”，最常用词，指毫无根据仅凭个人主观臆断或碰运气的猜测。
imagine“想象”，指毫无根据、随意想象，可在脑海中构成清晰明确的图像。
(1)完成句子
1)________ ________ ________ ________ ________(假定计划失败了), what should we do now?
2)________ ________ ________(我们假定) for a moment that the plan succeeds.
3)His actions were based on ________ ________ ________(一个错误的设想)．
4)We ________ ________ ________ ________ ________(假定他是) innocent until he is proved guilty.
【答案】 1)Assuming that the plan fails 2)Let us assume 3)a false assumption 4)must assume him to be
(2)名校押题
1)(2010东北三校高三联合模拟)________ it rains tomorrow, what shall we do?
A．Assuming
B．To assume
C．To be assumed
D．Assume
【答案与解析】 A 考查连词。分析句子可看出本句缺少连词，assuming conj.“假如 (后跟从句)”。题意：假定明天下雨，我们该怎么办？
adapt oneself to... 使自己适应或习惯于……
adapt to适应
adapt ...for ... 使适应；使适合(新用途、新情况)
adapt...from... 根据……改写/改编
adaptable adj. 能适应的；有适应能力的；可改编的
adaption ＝ adaptation n. 适应；改编本；改写本
adapter / adaptor n. 改编者
1)Can you ________ ________ ________ the new job？你能适应这份新工作吗？
2)You'd better ________ ________ the new environment as soon as possible.你最好尽快适应这个新环境。
3)The play ________ ________ ________ a novel.这部电视剧是由一部小说改编而成的。
4)The makers ________ ________ ________ ________ ________________ ________the Russian original.影片制作人为了孩子们将这本俄文原著改编成了卡通电影。
【答案】 1)adapt yourself to 2)adapt to 3)is adapted from 4)adapted the cartoon film for children from
adapt, adjust, fit, suit, match和adopt
adapt 指修改或改变以适应新条件。
adjust 多指 “调整；调节”使之适应。
fit 多指“大小形状适合”，引申为“吻合”
suit 多指合乎要求，(口味、性格、情况颜色、衣着、发型、气候、条件、时间、地位)适合某人。
match 指色调、形状、性质，设计等相配或搭配协调。
adopt 指“采用；采取；收养；正式通过”。
(1)用adapt, adjust, fit, suit, match和adopt的适当形式填空
1)When you go to a new country, you must ________ yourself to new customs.
2)Having no children of their own, they decided to ________ an orphan.
3)You can't see through the telescope until it is ________ to your eyes.
4)The shoes ________ her very well.
5)A red jacket doesn't ________ green trousers.
6)No dish ________ all tastes.
【答案】 1)adapt 2)adopt 3)adjusted 4)fit 5)match
6)suits
(2)名校押题
(2010兰州一中高三诊断)It is not socially ________ for parents to leave children unattended at that age.
A．accessible
B．adorable
C．adaptable
D．acceptable
【答案与解析】 D accessible“可进入的”；adorable“值得崇拜的”；adaptable“能适应的”； acceptable“可接受的”。由题意可知D项正确。
11．suspect vt. 怀疑n. 嫌疑犯adj. 不可信的；靠不住的
suspect sth 怀疑某事
suspect ＋ that从句 怀疑……
suspect (sb / sth) as / to be 怀疑(某人/某物)为……
suspect sb of sth 怀疑某人做某事
I suspect not / so 我想不会/会的
1)We all ________ the truth ________ the report. 我们都怀疑报告的真实性。
2)We had no reason to ________ he might try to kill himself. 我们没有理由认为他会自杀。
3)What she said sounded convincing, but I ________ ________ to be a lie. 她的话听起来像那么回事，但我认为那是谎言。
4)The police ________ him ________ having taken the money. 警察怀疑钱是他偷的。
5)Two ________ in connection with the case are now being interrogated. 与案件有关的两名嫌疑犯正在接受审讯。
6)His reason for being absent is ________. 他缺席的理由不足为信。
【答案】 1)suspect；of 2)suspect (that) 3)suspected it
4)suspected；of 5)suspects 6)suspect
(1)单项填空
A young woman was found dead in her apartment and the police ________ that it was a murder.
A．charged
B．doubted
C．suspected
D．informed
【答案与解析】 C suspect 指拥有证据的“怀疑”。
(2)名校押题
(2010浙江绍兴高三统考)The man ________ of setting fire to a hotel was caught by the police.
A．being suspected
B．suspecting
C．suspected
D．to be suspected
【答案与解析】 C 此句中“suspected of setting fire to a hotel”为过去分词短语作后置定语，相当于定语从句“who was suspected of setting fire to a hotel”。1．frankly speaking 坦率地说
frankly speaking “坦率地说”，相当于 to be frank with you，通常置于句首作状语。
generally speaking总的说来；一般说来
strictly speaking 严格地讲
honestly speaking 老实说；诚实说
broadly speaking 广义说来
________ ________， to watch Chinese play table tennis is really thrilling. 坦率地说吧，看中国人打乒乓球真是让人激动。
【答案】 Frankly speaking
(1)完成句子
1)________ ________， we feel that the plan is practical.总的说来，我们认为这计划是切实可行的。
2)Every dictionary is, ________ ________， out of date within a month of its publication. 严格地讲，每一本字典，在它出版后的一个月就过时了。
【答案】 1)Generally speaking 2)strictly speaking
(2)名校押题
(2010 安徽巢湖高三质量抽测)________， the more expensive the electrical appliances, the better their quality.
A．General speaking
B．Speaking general
C．Generally speaking
D．Speaking generally
【答案与解析】 C generally speaking “一般说来”，为固定短语。 题意：一般说来，电器的价格越高，质量就越好。
2. lay off 停止；中止；解雇；解聘；裁员；使下岗
lay down 放下
lay down one's life for one's country 为国捐躯
lay the table 摆桌子(准备开饭)
lay the blame on 责备；责怪
lay stress / emphasis on 强调
1)You had better ________ ________ alcohol for a while. 你最好在一段时间内不要饮酒。
2)Why don't you ________ ________ smoking for a while until your cough gets better? 你为什么不等你的咳嗽好一些后再抽烟？
3)The doctor told me to ________ ________ for a week. 医生要我休息一个星期。
4)The factory has ________ ________ workers because of the drop in sales. 那家工厂由于销量下降而暂时解雇了工人。
【答案】 1)lay off 2)lay off 3)lay off 4)laid off
(1)翻译句子
摆好餐具准备吃饭好吗？
________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 Will you please lay the table for dinner?
(2)名校押题
(2011南京一模)Despite the economic crisis, many companies promised not to ________ their workers.
A．break off
B．put off
C．set off
D．lay off
【答案与解析】 D 考查动词短语辨析。 break off “折断”； put off “推迟”； set off “出发”； lay off “解雇”。 题意：尽管发生了经济危机，但许多公司许诺不解雇工人。
3. apart from 除……之外；此外
apart from ＝ aside from 除……之外；此外(相当于besides / except)
1)________ ________ their house in London，they also have a villa in Spain. 他们在伦敦有一座房子，此外，在西班牙还有一栋别墅。
2)It was a difficult time.________ ________ everything else, we had financial problems. 当时是困难时期，别的一切都不说，我们财政上也有问题。
【答案】 1)Apart from 2)Apart from
(1)完成句子
________ ________ the cost, the dress doesn't suit me. 姑且不论价格，这件衣服也不适合我。
【答案】 Apart from
(2)名校押题
(2011淄博高三模拟)________ school work, I like to spend my spare time in singing and fishing.
A．Or else
B．Apart from
C．But for
D．As well
【答案与解析】 B or else “否则”； apart from “除了”； but for “要不是”； as well “也”。题意：除了完成学校功课之外，空闲时我喜欢唱歌和钓鱼。
4. to a certain extent 在某种程度上
to a certain extent ＝ to some extent 在一定程度上；在某种程度上
to a great / large extent在很大程度上
to the extent of 达到……的程度
to that extent 达到那样的程度
To a large extent, the price depends on how large your order is. 在很大程度上，价格取决于您的订单量。
Violence increased to the extent that people were afraid to leave their homes. 暴力事件多到了令人们不敢出门的程度。
________ ________ ________ ________， to raise wages means increasing purchasing power. 在一定程度上，提高工资意味着增强购买力。
【答案】 To a certain extent
(1)完成句子
I agree with you ________ ________ ________ ________， but we should know others' views. 我在一定程度上同意你的意见，但我们也应当了解别人的观点。
【答案】 to a certain extent
(2)名校押题
(2011徐州四校联考)—What's your opinion on the popular song?
—________， it sounds sweet.
A．In other words
B．Don't mention it
C．It all depends
D．To a certain extent
【答案与解析】 D 题意：在某种程度上，这首歌听起来很甜美。 to a certain extent “在一定程度上”，符合题意。
5. set off 出发；引起；激发
set off 用作不及物动词短语时，意为“开始旅行；出发”，相当于set out。另外，还可以用作及物动词短语，意为“引爆；引起；激发”。
1)She ________ ________ on a trip across Europe yesterday. 她昨天开始了横跨欧洲的旅行。
2)The bomb could be ________ ________ at any time. 炸弹随时都可能被引爆。
【答案】 1)set off 2)set off
(1)完成句子
Panic on the stock market ________ ________ a wave of selling. 股票市场上人心惶惶，掀起抛售浪潮。
【答案】 see off
(2)名校押题
(2011泉州高考)Do be careful; the slightest spark could________those fireworks.
A．gave off
B．turned down
C．took over
D．set off
【答案与解析】 D give off “发出”； turn down “拒绝”； take over“接管”； set off “引爆”。此处意为“稍有火星就能引起烟火爆炸”。
6．be accustomed to 习惯于
be accustomed to“习惯于”，其中的系动词be也可换成 become或get，后面的to是介词，后接名词、代词或v－ing作宾语。
1)He quickly became ________ ________ the local food. 他很快就习惯了当地的食物。
2)My eyes slowly grew ________ ________ the dark. 我的眼睛对黑暗慢慢适应了。
3)I'm ________ ________ ________ up early to do morning exercise. 我习惯了早起进行晨练。
【答案】 1)accustomed to 2)accustomed to 3)accustomed to getting
(1)完成句子
I'm not ________ ________ ________ ________ like this.我不太习惯被这样对待。
【答案】 accustomed to being treated
(2)名校押题
(2010 江苏南京模拟)—They are quiet, aren't they?
—Yes. They are accustomed ________ at meals.
A．to talk
B．to not talk
C．to talking
D．to not talking
【答案与解析】 D be accustomed to后面通常接名词、代词或动名词作宾语。由题意可知此处表示否定的意义，故选D项。
7．approve of 赞成；同意
approval n. 赞成；同意
approving adj. 赞成的；同意的
1)I quite ________ ________ your plan. 我相当赞成你的计划。
2)I don't ________ ________ wasting time. 我不赞成浪费时间。
3)I thoroughly ________ ________ what the government is doing. 我完全赞成政府现在的做法。
【答案】 1)approve of 2)approve of 3)approve of
(1)单项填空
Mr Bally approved________ the conference.
A．me to attend
B．for my attending
C．of me to attend
D．of my attending
【答案与解析】 D approve “批准；认可；通过”； approve of doing sth “赞成做某事”； approve of sb “赞成某人；支持某人”。题意：Bally先生赞成我参加这次大会。
(2)名校押题
(2010北京海淀区一模)The new policy will________ the elders a lot that people over 65 can take buses free of charge.
A．discount
B．support
C．approve
D．benefit
【答案与解析】 D 考查动词词义辨析。题意：新政策规定65岁以上的老人乘公交车免费，这使得老人们受益匪浅。benefit“使受益；对……有用”，合乎题意。
on the whole ＝ generally ＝ by and large“总的看来；基本上”，在句中多用逗号分隔，也可不用逗号，其中 whole 在短语中用作名词。
Our opinions are on the whole the same. 我们的观点基本上一致。
His business, on the whole, was successful. 他的事业大体上是成功的。
1)The population ________ ________ ________ is getting healthier. 总体看来，居民的健康状况正在改善。
2)The population ________ ________ ________ is / are in favor of the reform. 全体人民普遍拥护改革。
【答案】 1)as a whole 2)as a whole
8．as a whole 作为一个整体；总体上
(1)完成句子
This project will be of great benefit to the region ________ ________ ________. 这个工程将使整个地区受益。
【答案】 as a whole
(2)名校押题
(2010 长沙一中高三模拟)There are some spelling mistakes in your composition, but ________ your composition is good.
A．in the end
B．on the whole
C．in a word
D．first of all
【答案与解析】 B on the whole “总体上来讲；大体上来说”。
9．tend to 趋向；照顾；照料
tend to 趋向；易于；照顾；护理；招待
tendency n. 倾向；趋势
a tendency to fat / towards fatness / to get fat 发胖的趋势
1)I ________ ________ go to bed earlier during the winter. 我在冬天常睡得较早。
2)People under stress ________ ________ express their full range of potential. 处于压力下的人容易发挥自己全部的潜力。
3)Women ________ ________ live longer than men. 女人多比男人长寿。
【答案】 1)tend to 2)tend to 3)tend to
(1)翻译句子
现在年轻人都倾向于模仿明星。
________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 Nowadays, the young tend to imitate stars.
(2)名校押题
(2011 无锡高三模拟)Children ________ react against their parents by going against their wishes.
A．appeal to
B．tend to
C．attend to
D．see to
【答案与解析】 B appeal to “有吸引力；呼吁”； tend to “倾向于”； attend to “处理；照顾”； see to “负责；照料”。题意：孩子们通常以违背父母的意愿来反抗他们。1. Now I am about to graduate from the School of Continuing Education at Tsinghua University with a Bachelor's Degree in Computer Engineering by distance learning. 现在我通过远程教学就要从清华大学继续教育学院毕业了，并将获得该院计算机工程学的学士学位。
be about to do... “正要做……；就要做……”，相当于 be on the point of doing...。
常用句型：be about to do...when...正要做……这时……
【仿写】
我们正要出去这时候天突然下起雨来。
________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 We were about to go out when it suddenly rained.
1)He ________ ________ ________faint. 他快晕了。
2)She ________ ________ ________ ________ to bed when someone knocked at the door. 她正要上床睡觉，就在那时有人敲门。
【答案】 1)is about to 2)was about to go
be to do和be about to do
这两种结构都可表示尚未发生的动作，但有以下区别：
be (am / is / are) to do是将来时的一种表达方式，可以表示：
①按计划安排要发生的动作，这个动作发生的时间一般不会很远。
The new bridge is to open to traffic in three days. 新桥三天后通车。
The factory is to go into production before National Day. 这家工厂将在国庆节前投产。
She is to be seen in the lab on Monday. 星期一你准会在实验室见到她。
②表示一种命令、规劝的语气。(接近于should, must, ought to, have to)
You are not to bring any mobile communication means into the exam－room. 任何移动通讯工具都不得带入考场。
You are to go to bed and keep quiet, kids. 孩子们，你们必须睡觉，不准吵闹。
You are to stay at home until your mother comes back. 在妈回来之前你不要出去。
be about to do“马上做某事”，强调某个动作马上就要发生，侧重时间概念。
I was about to start when it began to rain.我刚要出发就下起雨来了。
注意：be about to 不能与tomorrow, next week 等表示明确将来时的时间状语连用。
(1)翻译句子
1)他马上要去北京。
________________________________________________________________________
2)别出去了，我们很快就要吃晚饭了。
________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 1)He is about to leave for Beijing.
2)Don't go out. We're about to have dinner.
(2)名校押题
(2011烟台高三第二次月考)In such dry weather, the flowers will have to be watered if they ________.
A．have survived
B．are to survive
C．would survive
D．will survive
【答案与解析】 B be to do 表将来发生的动作。
2. I felt as if I had done something wrong. 我感觉到我好像做了什么错事。
as though ＝ as if“似乎；好像”，既可以引导方式状语从句，也可引导表语从句。当从句中所表述的与事实相反时，从句中的谓语动词要用虚拟语气。as though/if后面除了可以跟句子外，还可跟动词不定式、形容词、介词短语、名词和分词等。需要注意的是，这样使用时主句的主语和从句的主语必须一致。
【仿写】
如果把铅笔的一部分放进一杯水里，它看上去像断了一样。
________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 If a pencil is partly put into a glass of water it looks as though it were broken.
1)She dolled herself up ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________.她打扮得花枝招展，好像是个十八岁的姑娘似的。
2)He quickly ran home, looking ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________. 他快步跑回家，看上去好像有什么事不对劲。
【答案】 1)as though she was / were a girl of eighteen 2)as though there was something wrong with him
(1)完成句子
1)The boy went up to the old man as though ________ ________ ________. 那个孩子向老人走去，好像要向他表示问候。
2)The goat lay still on the ground，________ ________ ________. 那只山羊躺在地上不动，就好像死了一样。
3)The girls looked about as though ________
________ ________ something. 那女孩环视四周，好像在寻找什么东西。
4)He looked me in the eye, as though ________ ________ ________ me attentively. 他看着我的眼睛，好像在认真听。
【答案】 1)to greet him 2)as though dead 3)in search of 4)listening to
(2)名校押题
(2010山西临汾高考模拟)Eliza remembers everything exactly as if it ________ yesterday.
A．was happening
B．happens
C．has happened
D．happened
【答案与解析】 D as if“好像；仿佛”，此处虽有昨天，但并非昨天，所以用过去时。
3. To us she is not only a teacher, but also a good friend and a loving elder sister. 对我们而言，她不仅是一个老师，还是一个好朋