2017届高三英语备考复习课件3

　　7．行为动词need，want，require，demand(需要)以及deserve(值得)后接动词，该

　　动词与前面主语成被动关系时，该动词要用动名词的主动形式doing或不定式的

　　被动形式to be done。

　　The room needs cleaning.＝The room needs to be cleaned.

　　这房子需要打扫了。

　　Those flowers want watering.那些花需要浇了。 8．be worth后只能接动名词的主动式表被动。

　　The film is worth seeing.这电影值得一看。 9．get ＋ done 构成被动语态。

　　此种形式用来表示状态或情况，常考的形式如下：

　　get married结婚　get engaged订婚

　　get hurt/wounded受伤

　　get lost迷路

　　get drunk喝醉了

　　get caught/stuck/trapped被困

　　get dressed穿好衣服

　　get run over被(车)轧 Before she realized what happened，she got________on the head and lost

　　consciousness. A．hit

　　B．to be hit

　　C．hitting

　　D．hitted

　　解析：get hit 表示“被打”，做题时应注意hit 的原形、过去式、过去分词的形式 是一样的，此处是其过去分词形式。 答案：A

　　语法专练 1．Our game of basketball________.We had been playing for about half an hour

　　when it started to rain heavily.

　　A．has interrupted

　　B．had interrupted

　　C．was interrupted

　　D．had been interrupted

　　解析：句意：我们的篮球赛被中断了。我们刚打了大约半个小时就下起了大

　　雨。设空处表示过去的事，故排除A项；主语与interrupt为被动关系，故排除B

　　项；D项表示“过去的过去”，不符合题意，故也被排除。

　　答案：C 2．A new cinema________here.They hope to finish it next month.

　　A．will be built

　　B．is built

　　C．has been built

　　D．is being built

　　解析：be being done表一个被动动作正发生。句意：一家电影院正在建设中，

　　他们希望下个月能完工。

　　答案：D

　　3．Hundreds of jobs________if the factory closes.

　　A．lose

　　B．will be lost

　　C．are lost

　　D．will lose

　　解析：jobs与lose是被动关系，且条件状语从句用一般现在时，主句用将来

　　时。句意：如果这家工厂关闭，人们将失去数百个工作机会。

　　答案：B 4．________roses________sweet?

　　A．Are；smelling

　　B．Do；smell

　　C．Do；taste

　　D．Are；smelt

　　解析：smell/taste/look/sound/feel是系动词，无被动，无进行时。句意：玫瑰

　　花闻起来很香吗？

　　答案：B

　　5．The thief________when he was stealing the wallet from a woman.

　　A．happened to notice

　　B．was happened to be noticed

　　C．happened to be noticed

　　D．was taken place to be noticed

　　解析：happen/take place无被动态，notice与thief存在被动关系。句意：当这

　　个小偷在偷那位妇女钱包的时候，碰巧被别人注意到了。

　　答案：C 6．Dresses of this modern fashion________well.

　　A．sell

　　B．are sold

　　C．is sold

　　D．will be sold

　　解析：表主语的性质、性能的动词用主动代替被动。 句意：这种时髦的裙子

　　卖得很好。

　　答案：A

　　7．________the four northern islands________to Japan?

　　A．Are；belonged

　　B．Are；belong

　　C．Do；belong

　　D．Do；be belonged

　　解析：belong to(属于)无被动语态。北方四岛属于日本吗？

　　答案：C 8．Every evening after dinner, if not________from work，I will spend some time

　　walking my dog.

　　A．being tired

　　B．tiring

　　C．tired

　　D．to be tired

　　解析：考查省略的用法。在条件、时间、让步等状语从句中，当从句的主语与

　　主句的主语一致，且从句的谓语动词含有be时，从句的主语及谓语动词be可以

　　省略。根据句子意思可知，选C。

　　答案：C

　　9．The hero’s story________differently in the newspapers.

　　A．was reported

　　B．was reporting

　　C．reports

　　D．reported

　　解析：story与report为被动关系。句意：这位英雄的故事在报纸上的报道并

　　不一样。

　　答案：A 10．He________the rain and is wet through and through.

　　A．has been caught in

　　B．has caught

　　C．was caught by

　　D．caught

　　解析：be caught in the rain(淋雨)为固定短语。句意：他被雨淋了，并且浑身

　　湿透了。

　　答案：A

　　11．His advice________.

　　A．doesn’t ought to be asked

　　B．oughtn’t be asked for

　　C．oughtn’t to be asked for

　　D．oughtn’t to being asked for

　　解析：ought to后接动词原形，advice与ask for成被动关系。 句意：不应该去

　　向他征求意见。

　　答案：C 12．Enough________on how to take useful things out of rubbish.So much for today.

　　A．has been said

　　B．was said

　　C．has said

　　D．had been said

　　解析：句意：关于如何从垃圾中提取有用的东西已经说得够多的了。Enough

　　与say构成被动关系，且强调对说话时的影响。又因已经说完了，所以用现在

　　完成时。

　　答案：A 创新预测 1．The police found that the house________and a lot of things________.

　　A．has broken into；has been stolen

　　B．had broken into；had been stolen

　　C．has been broken into；stolen

　　D．had been broken into；stolen

　　解析：that从句所表示的动作发生在过去的动作found之前，故用过去完成

　　时，且break into与house，steal与a lot of things构成被动关系。

　　答案：D 2．________many times，but he still couldn’t understand it.

　　A．Having been told

　　B．Though he had been told

　　C．He had been told

　　D．Having told

　　解析：连词but在这儿连接的是转折关系的并列句，故A、D 错。though与but

　　不能连用。

　　答案：C

　　3．What theories do you think________better understanding how everything in

　　nature works?

　　A．of applying to

　　B．are applied to

　　C．apply for

　　D．of applying for

　　解析：do you think为插入成分，主语为theories，故排除A项和D项；be applied

　　to...“适用于”；apply for“申请”。

　　答案：B 4．At least twenty people were injured in the car accident，three children________.

　　A．contained

　　B．including

　　C．were included

　　D．included

　　解析：included为过去分词，用于n./pron.之后；including prep.用于名词之前。

　　这不是一个主语从句或并列句，所以C项错。

　　答案：D 5．In India，it has been suggested that the land________equally among the peasants，

　　whose smiles suggest that they________very satisfied.

　　A．should share；should be

　　B．be shared；are

　　C．should be shared；be

　　D．be shared；should be

　　解析：考查虚拟语气。suggest作“建议”说时，后面从句的动词要用虚拟语气；

　　作“表明，暗示”讲不用虚拟语气。且土地是被分享。

　　答案：B

　　Ⅰ.品句填词 1．She made herself up well tonight because she was the hostess of the c________. 2．He s________the last of his coffee and asked for the bill. 3．Fresh flowers d________ the streets every National Day. 4．It has become a t________in our house to stay up all night on New Year’s Eve. 5．I saw my old friend at the________(入口)to the hall yesterday. 6．Everyone should________(出力)what he or she can afford to their country. 7．The children here made an awful________(混乱，脏乱)in class. 8．I need to change the________(电池)in the flashlight. 答案：1.ceremony　2.swallowed　3.decorate　4.tradition 5．Entrance 6.contribute　7.mess　8.batteries Ⅱ.短语识境 burn down　graduate from　take part in　serve as　on time all over the world　apply for　depend on

　　1．We________the newspapers for information about what is happening. 2．You can’t________the job until you have satisfied certain conditions. 3．His brother________the junior high school and enter the senior high

　　school in

　　June next year. 4．He will arrive________if he is interested in the match. 5．All the villagers，men and women，old and young，________the battle against

　　the drought. 6．During the war，many of our villages and towns were________by the enemy. 答案：1.depend on　2.apply for　3.will graduate from　4.on time　5.took part in 6.burned down Ⅲ.翻译句子 1．即使不被邀请，我也要参加这个会议。(用被动语态)

　　__________________________________________________________________ 2．你需要我干什么，尽管吩咐吧。(service)

　　____________________________________________________________________ 3．你不应该在红灯时过马路。(ought not to do)

　　__________________________________________________________________ 4．据说她已经学习英语几年了。(sb.be said to)

　　___________________________________________________________________ 5．这项新技术已被应用于农业。(apply)

　　____________________________________________________________________

　　答案：1.I will attend the meeting even if I’m not invited. 2．I’m at your service if you need me. 3．You ought not to cross the street on a red light. 4．She is said to have learned English for several years. 5．The new technology has been applied to farming.

　　高 频 考 点 一般现在时的被动语态 教材原文：Every year in September or October，the Mid - Autumn Festival is celebrated by the Chinese people all over the world.(P36) (2010·北京)In the spoken English of some areas in the US，the “r”sounds at the end of the words________. A.are dropped

　　B．drop

　　C．are being dropped

　　D．have dropped 解析：句意：在美国一些地方的口语中，单词结尾的字母r的发音通常被略掉。本题考查动词的时态。通过题干可以判断出sounds和drop为被动关系，故排除B项和D项；另外，题干中所提为普遍现象，应为一般现在时，故选择A项。 答案：A 常 考 词 汇 carry on 教材原文：It didn’t seem possible，but we carried on eating. (P42) (2009·天津)The meal over，the managers went back to the meeting room to________their discussion. A.put away

　　B．take down

　　C．look over

　　D．carry on 解析：考查动词词组辨析。句意：饭后，经理们又回到会议室继续他们的讨论。put away “放好，储存……以备用，处理掉，放弃，抛弃”；take down “拿下，记下，拆卸，病倒”；look over “从……上面看，查看，检查，原谅，调查，从上面看过去”；carry on “继续开展，坚持”。 答案：D 高 频 考 点 before状语从句的时态 教材原文：Before we went to bed，we left some wine and biscuits for Father Christmas and then put our stockings at the end of our beds.(P42) (2009·辽宁)My parents have promised to come to see me before

　　I________for Africa. A.have left

　　B．leave

　　C．left

　　D．will leave 解析：句意：我父母已经答应在我去非洲之前来看我。不定式to come to see me表示的是将来动作，before引导的时间状语从句需用一般现在时。 答案：B 　Unit 3　Celebration 单词拓展 1．________n．传统→________adj.传统的 2．________v．捐献→________n．捐献 3．________n．装饰→________v．装饰 4．________v．出席→________n．出席 5．________n．祝贺→________v．祝贺 6．________n．场合→________adj.偶尔的 7．________v．破坏→________n．破坏 8．________n．十几岁的青少年→________n．十几岁 9．________n．新娘→________n．新郎 10．________v．招待，服务→________n．招待，服务 答案：1.tradition；traditional　2.donate；donation　3.decoration；decorate 4.attend；attendance　5.congratulation；congratulate　6.occasion；occasional 7.destroy；destruction 8．teenager；teens　9.bride；bridegroom　10.serve； service

　　短语记忆 1．burn________烧毁 2．take________in

　　参加 3．depend________依靠 4．________if

　　即使 5．as________也 6．dress________打扮 7．apply________申请 8．carry________继续 9．in________尤其 10．put________张贴 答案：1.down　2.part　3.on　4.even　5.well　6.up　7.for

　　8．on　9.particular 10.up

　　句型搜索 1．On Christmas Eve，the whole family help to________the house，________

　　________the Christmas tree，the decorations and the balloons.

　　圣诞前夕，全家人都来帮忙装饰房屋，布置圣诞树，挂起装饰品和气球。 2．I put________ ________food in my mouth sometimes________it was

　　hard

　　________eat.

　　有时我把如此多的食物放进嘴中以至于难以下咽。 3．________this day，the moon________ ________ ________be the largest and

　　brightest.

　　据说，在这一天月亮是最大最亮的。

　　答案：1.decorate；put up　2.so much；that；to　3.On；is said to 重点段落

　　There are many stories about how the Lantern Festival started.In one story， Lanterns were________to celebrate the power of light over darkness. In_____ story，a town was almost________but the light from many lanterns saved it.The

　　story was about a god who wanted to burn________the town.He was________when

　　he saw thousands of lanterns.He thought the town was already burning. 答案： lit；another；destroyed；down；fooled

　　定语从句通常直接由关系代词或关系副词引导，但当定语从句与先行词有所属关 系时也有创新句型：特定词汇＋of whom/which引导定语从句，不少考生因不了解这 一句型造成误选。 【例1】 The growing speed of a plant is influenced by a number of factors，______

　　are beyond our control.

　　A.most of them

　　B．most of which

　　C.most of what

　　D．most of that

　　答案：B　[定语从句与先行词可连成most of a number of factors are beyond our

　　control，因此，该空应用most of which引导定语从句，但不少考生因不了解这一

　　句型而误选A。] 【例2】 The man pulled out a gold watch，________were made of small diamonds.　

　　A.the hands of whom

　　B．whom the hands of

　　C.which the hands of

　　D．the hands of which

　　答案：D　[定语从句与先行词可连成the hands of the gold watch were made of

　　small diamonds，因此，该空应填the hands of which来引导定语从句，但不少考生因

　　不了解这一句型而造成误选。] 核心单词 1．apply vt.&vi.申请；适用，应用 apply for申请(得到) apply to sb.for sth.向某人申请某物 apply sth.to sth.把……应用于…… apply to sb./sth.适用于某人/某物 apply oneself/one’s mind to sth.专心于……

　　【运用】

　　①He________himself________learning French.他致力于学习法语。

　　②The theory does not________(适用于)every case.

　　③We’ve applied________the council________a home improvement grant.我们

　　已向市政会申请改善住房的拨款。

　　答案：①applied；to　②apply to　③to；for

　　④I________four universities and was accepted by all of them.

　　A．was applied

　　B．was applied to

　　C．applied to

　　D．applied for

　　解析：句意：“我申请了四所大学，全都录取我了。”apply for sth.申请某东

　　西；apply to向……提出申请。

　　答案：C 2．contribute vt.&vi.捐献，贡献，捐助 contribute sth.to sb.捐赠……给…… contribute to sth.为……做贡献；有助于；促成某事物 make a contribution to对……作贡献

　　【运用】

　　①Fresh air________(有助于)our health.

　　②This invention made a major________(贡献)to road safety.

　　③He________(用于)all his time and energy________his work.

　　答案：①contributes to　②contribution　③contributed；to

　　④An increase in the price of drugs has________the rising cost of medical care.

　　A．contributed to

　　B．turned to

　　C．got used to

　　D．come to

　　解析：句意：“药品价格的上涨导致医疗费日益增加。”contribute to导致，

　　相当于cause。B项“翻到，求助于”；C项“习惯于”；D项“达到某种状

　　态”。

　　答案：A 3．follow vt.跟随；遵守；听从；理解；效仿 follow sb.’s advice听从某人的忠告 follow sb.’s example以某人为榜样 as follows如下

　　【运用】

　　①My opinions are________(如下)．

　　②I decided to________________(听从她的建议)and go to bed early.

　　答案：①as follows　②follow her advice 4．attend vi.&vt.出席，参加；照料，护理 attend a meeting/lecture出席会议/听演讲 attend school/church上学/去教堂 attend a wedding/funeral参加婚礼/葬礼 attend(on/upon)sb.服侍/照料/陪同某人 attend to处理；注意；专心于

　　【运用】

　　①Excuse me，but I have an urgent matter to________(处理)．

　　②Over two hundred people________(参加了)the funeral.

　　答案：①attend to　②attended

　　③He________by his servant.

　　A．was attended

　　B．was looked after

　　C．was taken care of

　　D．all above

　　解析：句意：“他由仆人照顾”。attend，look after，take care of均有“照

　　顾”之意。

　　答案：D 5．serve vt.招待，侍候，服务　vi.服役 serve sb.with sth.＝serve sth.to sb.向某人提供某物 serve in the army服兵役 serve as担任，充当 First come，first served.按先来后到对待。 at sb.’s service＝at the service of sb.听……差遣；随时准备为……做事

　　【运用】

　　①He________________(在空军服役)during the war.

　　②If you need advice，I am________________(我可以随时帮你点忙)．

　　③She________________(当了)a guide at last.

　　答案：①served in the Air Force　②at your service

　　③served as

　　6．marry vi.&vt.结婚 marry sb.嫁/娶某人 marry sb.to sb.把……嫁给…… be married(to sb.)与某人结婚(强调状态) get married(to sb.)与某人结婚(强调动作 )

　　【运用】

　　①Tom and Mary________________(结婚已十年了)．

　　②She________him in Paris.她和他在巴黎结婚。

　　③She wants to________her daughter________(把女儿嫁给)a rich man.

　　答案：①have been married for ten years　②married

　　③marry；to

　　④At the age of twenty-two，Jill________a businessman of her own choice.

　　A．had been married

　　B．had married

　　C．was married

　　D．married

　　解析：be married中的married为形容词，后不能直接接宾语，必须要有to后面

　　才能跟宾语。

　　答案：D 重点短语 1．depend on依赖，依靠；取决于，视……而定 depend on/upon sb./sth.依靠(相信)某人/某事 depend on/upon sb.to do sth.指望某人做某事 depend on/upon it that...相信，指望…… It/That depends.那得看情况。 depend on it常用于句首或句末，意为“请放心，没问题”。

　　【运用】

　　①All living things________the sun for their growth.

　　②You may________________ they will support you.

　　③You can________me________be on time.

　　④—How often do you eat out?

　　—________，but usually once a week. 答案：①depend on　②depend on it that　③depend on；to　④It depends 2．carry on 继续；经营

　　carry out实施 carry through完成

　　【运用】

　　①The family has________a hardware business for 3 generations.

　　②Our soldiers________________a successful attack last night.

　　③We will________the plan next month.

　　答案：①carried on　②carried through　③carry out 佳句诵写 1．原句：We tried to stay awake as long as possible to see Father Christmas but the

　　next thing we knew it was morning.我们尽力地争取长时间不要睡着了，为的就是

　　想见到圣诞老人，但接下来我们所知道的就是早上来到了。

　　句子分析：as...as possible尽可能……

　　【仿写】

　　①你应该尽可能经常地说英语。

　　______________________________________________________________________

　　②你最好尽快完成你的工程。

　　______________________________________________________________________

　　答案：①You should speak English as often as possible.

　　②You’d better finish your project as soon as possible.

　　2．原句：It was believed that any village that did not give food would have bad luck.

　　人们认为那些没有施舍食物的村子将会有灾难降临。

　　句子分析：句型It was believed that...中 It 是形式主语， that引导的从句是真

　　正的主语。

　　【仿写】

　　①人们认为刘翔一定能赢。

　　_________________________________________________________________

　　②据报道不久这儿将建一座飞机场。

　　___________________________________________________________________

　　答案：①It is believed that Liu Xiang is certain to win.

　　②It is reported that an airport will be built here. 难句分析 1．At the bottom of the bed was the stocking，now full of all kinds of small presents

　　and sweets.装了各种各样的小礼物和糖果的长统袜放在床的底部。

　　结构分析：当at the bottom of the bed表示方位的介词短语置于句首且主语是名

　　词时，句子要用完全倒装。还有在以here，there，out，in，up，down，away

　　等副词开头的句子中，谓语动词常是come，go，leave，fly，rush，jump等，

　　且主语是名词时，句子要用完全倒装。

　　Out rushed the children.孩子们冲了出去。

　　There goes the bell.铃声响了。

　　From the valley came a frightening sound.

　　从山谷里传来了一声可怕的声音。 【仿写】

　　①城市南面有一家大工厂。

　　____________________________________________________________________

　　②汽车来了。

　　_____________________________________________________________________ 答案：①South of the city lies a big factory.

　　②Here comes the bus.

　　2．Then we had

　　tea，with a huge Christmas cake covered with

　　snowmen.接着我们喝

　　茶，吃上面有雪人的圣诞大蛋糕。

　　结构分析：with a huge Christmas cake covered with snowmen 是一个with 的复合

　　结构，即with ＋ 名词＋形容词/副词/非谓语动词/介词等在句中作状语，可用来表

　　示伴随，方式，原因，条件等。

　　He slept with his head on his arm.他枕着胳膊睡着了。

　　With much homework to do，I can’t go with you.

　　因为有很多作业要做，我不能跟你去。

　　With John away，we got more room.

　　约翰走了，我们的地方更大了。

　　With the problem solved，the manager felt relaxed.

　　因为问题解决了，经理感到很放松。

　　With his friends staring at him，he felt uneasy.

　　朋友盯着他看，他感到不安。 【运用】

　　①With a lot of problems________，the new boss felt worried.

　　A．solved

　　B．to solve

　　C．to be solved

　　D．solving

　　解析：因为有很多问题需要被解决，还未发生。所以用不定式表示将来。

　　答案：B

　　②The sale usually takes place outside the house，with the audience________on

　　benckes，chairs or boxes.

　　A．having seated

　　B．seating

　　C．seated

　　D．have seen seated

　　解析：with的独立主格结构，非谓语动词与前面的名词为动宾关系，即the

　　audience were seated。

　　答案：C 名师原创 1．Some laid-off workers delightedly took up the work to________patients in

　　hospitals.

　　A．take on

　　B．look on

　　C．depend on

　　D．wait on

　　解析：句意：一些下岗工人愿意去从事照顾病人的工作。A.“呈现”；B.

　　“旁观”；C.“依赖，依靠”；D.“照顾，照料”。

　　答案：D 2．This kind of cloth________well and________long.

　　A．washes；is lasted

　　B．is washed；lasting

　　C．washes；lasts

　　D．is washing；lasting

　　解析：句意：这种布料很好洗，又耐用。wash，write等动词后接well，easily

　　等副词表主语的性质、性能时用主动代替被动，last持续，无被动态。

　　答案：C 3．________the end of next July this task________finished.

　　A．At；will have been

　　B．At；will be

　　C．By；will have been

　　D．By；will be

　　解析：句意：到明年七月底时，这项工作将会完工。will have been将来完成时。

　　答案：C 4．________seems to be something important in today’s

　　newspaper.

　　A．It

　　B．That

　　C．This

　　D．There

　　解析：句意：今天的报纸上似乎有重要内容。此处为there be句型的变化形式。

　　答案：D

　　5．While working in the country，the students________a great deal of knowledge

　　on plant life.

　　A．looked up

　　B．picked up

　　C．put up

　　D．called up

　　解析：句意：学生们在乡下工作时，学到了许多有关植物的知识。A项“查

　　找”；B项“(无意中，自然地)了解，学会，掌握”；C项“张贴，投宿”；D

　　项“打电话”。

　　答案：B 6．The chance I am looking forward to________at last!

　　A．come

　　B．coming

　　C．came

　　D．has come

　　解析：句意：我一直盼望的机会终于来了。该句子主语The chance，谓语为

　　came，中间是省掉that的定语从句。

　　答案：C 7．The noise from outside the house almost kept them________throughout the

　　night.Now he is________awake.

　　A．waked；very

　　B．awake；wide

　　C．waking；widely

　　D．awaked；quite

　　解析：句意：屋外的噪音使他们几乎一夜未眠。现在他完全醒着。形容词

　　awake作宾补，表示状态；wide作为副词，是“完全，彻底”之意；widely意

　　为“广泛地”。

　　答案：B 8．The book________forty maps，________that of Great Britain.

　　A．contains；includes

　　B．is containing；including

　　C．includes；contains

　　D．contains；including

　　解析：句意：这本书含有四十张地图，包括英国地图。contain强调容纳，含

　　有，including是介词，“包括”强调范围。

　　答案：D 9．I’ve worked with children before，so I know what________in my new job.

　　A．expected

　　B．to expect

　　C．to be expecting

　　D．expects

　　解析：know后不能直接接to do作宾语，但可接疑问词＋to do作宾语。句意：

　　我以前曾经和孩子们打过交道，所以我知道我的新工作该怎么做。

　　答案：B 10．Do you know wind is a kind of________？Many countries are trying to make

　　full use of it.

　　A．energy

　　B．source

　　C．power

　　D．material

　　解析：energy能，能量，体力；source资源；power力量，权力；material材

　　料。意为：你知道风是一种能量吗？

　　答案：A 11．It was playing computer games that________the boy plenty of time that_____

　　doing his lessons.

　　A．spent；must have been spent

　　B．cost；ought to have been spent

　　C．wasted；might have been spent

　　D．took；can have been spent

　　解析：句意：是玩电脑游戏使这个小孩浪费了大量的本该学习的时间。这是一

　　个强调句型，强调主语playing computer games，后跟that引导的一个带虚拟语

　　气的定语从句修饰time。

　　答案：B

　　语法精讲 被动语态 1．构成：be＋及物动词的过去分词

　　其变化规则如下：

　　以动词write 为例的被动语态结构：

　　一般现在时 am/is/are written

　　一般过去时 was/were written

　　一般将来时 shall/will be

　　written

　　过去将来时 should/would be written

　　现在进行时 am/is/are being written

　　过去进行时 was/were being written

　　现在完成时 has/have been written

　　过去完成时 had been written

　　将来完成时 shall/will have been written

　　过去将来时 should/would have been written　

　　2．用法

　　(1)不知道或没必要或不想指出谁是动作的执行者。

　　The photo is put in a safe place.

　　那张照片被放在一个安全的地方。

　　The wounded have been sent to hospital.

　　伤者已经被送往医院。

　　The question is being discussed in the meeting now.

　　在会议上正在讨论这个问题。

　　When will the building be built?

　　这幢楼将何时竣工？

　　(2)强调或突出动作的承受者。

　　New China was founded in 1949.

　　新中国成立于1949年。

　　(3)双宾动词的被动结构。

　　双宾动词变为被动结构时，一般将主动结构中的间接宾语变为被动结构中的主

　　语，直接宾语不变。这一保留不变的宾语叫保留宾语。如将主动结构中的直接

　　宾语变为被动结构中的主语，间接宾语之前则应加介词to(可省去)或 for(一般不

　　可省)。 They offered him some assistance. 他们给他提供了一些帮助。 → He was offered some assistance.他被提供了一些帮助。 → Some assistance was offered to him. 有人提供了一些帮助给他。 She was________the bike for 20 dollars，but she wouldn’t take it. A．provided

　　B．supplied

　　C．offered

　　D．gave 解析：offer 作“出价，开价”讲，常有offer(sb.)money for sth.和 offer(sb.)sth.for

　　money 两种搭配。此处是将后者用于被动语态中了。 答案：C (4)带复合宾语的动词变被动时，一般将主动结构中的宾语变为被动结构中的主 语，宾语补足语不变。 The missing boys were last seen________near the river.

　　A．to play

　　B．playing

　　C．to be playing

　　D．play 解析：由语境可看出此处表示的是当时的情景，故要用现在分词作主语补足语。 答案：B

　　(5)不定式作定语修饰名词时，如果句子的主语或宾语是不定式动作的执行者，即 便不定式与所修饰的名词成被动关系，不定式要用主动代替被动；如果句子的主 语或宾语不是不定式动作的执行者，则仍用被动语态。 She asked me to lend her something to read. 她要我借点东西给她看看。 Do you have anything to be typed，sir？I’m free now. 先生，你有要打的东西吗？我现在有空。

　　走出误区 1．连系动词，不及物动词或不及物动词短语不能用被动语态。

　　The story happened last year.故事发生在去年。

　　The war broke out in 1937.战争爆发于1937年。 2．表所属关系的动词及词组无被动语态，如：have，belong to，equal，mean，

　　lack等。

　　Lions and tigers belong to the cat family.

　　狮子和老虎属于猫科。 3．动词look，smell，sound，taste，feel等用作连系动词时无被动语态，但含有被

　　动意义。

　　The soup tastes delicious.这汤味道很好。

　　The fish smells good.鱼闻起来香。

　　Cotton feels soft.棉花摸起来非常柔软。 4．一些动词如：sell，read，write，wash，wear，lock，open等后常接副词，表

　　示主语的性能时，不用被动语态。

　　The sweater washes well.这件毛衣很耐洗。

　　My pen writes smoothly.我的钢笔写起来很流畅。

　　These cups clean easily.这些杯子容易清洗。 5．当easy，difficult，hard，heavy，light，interesting，nice，fit，dangerous，

　　important等形容词后面接不定式时， 不定式通常要用主动形式表被动含义。

　　The water in this well is fit to drink.

　　这口井里的水可以饮用。

　　The box is so heavy to carry.这箱子搬起来很重。

　　He isn’t easy to get along with.他不容易相处。 6．to blame，to let常用主动表被动含义。

　　I am to blame.这怪我。

　　The house is to let.这房子要出租。