2017英语考前冲刺Ⅲ专题09 名词性从句

　　【高考预测】

　　1.名词性从句中连接词的正确选用

　　that引导的宾语从句，wh-引导的宾语从句以及某些特殊词后所跟的宾语从句

　　that和wh-引导的主语从句及形式主语的几种主要句型

　　获that、wh-疑问词引导的表语从句及从属连词引导的表语从句、同位语从句

　　名词性从句中，从句部分的语序要用陈述语序，不能用凝问语序

　　that引导同位语从句与定语从句的区别

　　Whether和if在名词性从句中的用法区别

　　【易错点点睛】

　　易错点点睛 1

　　名词性从句中连接词的正确选用

　　1 (2017精选模拟)Mary wrote an article on __ the team had failed to win the game.

　　A. why

　　B. wtat

　　C. who

　　D. that

　　【错误解答】

　　B或D

　　词从句的引导词，作do的宾语，同时该词还是从句中do的宾语，因此，应该选用what。

　　【正确解答】

　　C

　　3.(2017精选模拟) __ made the school proud was more than 90% of the students had been admitted to key universities.

　　A. What, because

　　B. What, that

　　C. That, what

　　D. That, because

　　【错误解答】

　　A

　　【错解分析】 许多考生由于受汉语思维方式的影响，选A.because用来强调原因，构成因果关系。本题主要是考查主语从句和表语从句，What用在句首引导主语从句，充当句子成分，而that不充当句子成分，只起连结作用。

　　【正确解答】

　　B

　　4.(2017精选模拟)His ability has never been in doubt—the

　　question is

　　he is prepared to work hard.

　　A. whether

　　B. if

　　C. that

　　D. where

　　【错误解答】

　　B

　　【错解分析】 很多同学对whether和if的用法一知半解，尽管二者都有“是否”的意思，中可省略。

　　He told me (that) he would leave soon.

　　2.what与出at在名词性从句中的区别。

　　Right:What he said was true.

　　这是一个主语从句，what在从句中作动词said的宾词，意思是:“……话”或“……事”，此句中不能用that。

　　That he came late made the teacher angry.

　　这个句子还是主语从句。从句中意思完整，所以用that来引导，起到一个标志作用。

　　【变式探究】

　　1

　　I try to understand __ prevents them from being as happy as one might expect although they are so rich.

　　A. that

　　B. what

　　C. it

　　D. whether

　　答案: B

　　解析:what引导宾语从句。

　　2

　　Although Mary is happy with her success she wonders __ will happen to her private life.

　　A. that

　　B. this

　　C. it

　　D. what

　　答案: D

　　解析:what引导宾语从句。

　　3

　　The dealer told me how much he was prepared to pay for my car and __ I could have the money without delay.

　　A. what

　　B. that

　　C.不填

　　D. whether

　　答案: B

　　解析:what只起连结词作用，本身无义。

　　I have found out __ they will ask to lead the vic- tory march on Saturday.

　　A. when

　　B. where

　　C. whom

　　D. what

　　答案: C

　　解析:whom引导一个宾语从句，在宾语从句中又作ask的宾语。

　　5

　　It was not until dark

　　he found

　　he thought was the correct way to 用陈述语序，故应该用you will come。

　　【正确解答】

　　A

　　2.The old lady’s hand shook frequenfiy, She explained to her doctor __ this shaking had begun half a year before, and

　　, only because of this,she had been forced to give up her job.

　　A. when; how

　　B. how; when

　　C. how; how

　　D. why; why

　　【错误解答】

　　B

　　【错解分析】 本题考查的是动词explain后引导的宾语从句的引导词选用。第一空用how较易，但第二空很多考生填when，其实在前一分句中已有时间状语，故此处用when明显不对，仍然用how引导，即“她是如何被迫放弃工和的”。

　　【正确解答】

　　C

　　3.(2017精选模拟) The leaders of the battle ordered all of us

　　the work on time.

　　A. if;finished

　　B. that;finish

　　C. whether; finished

　　D. what; finished

　　【错误解答】

　　A或C

　　【错解分析】 许多考生认为A、C答案均讲得通，即“任务是否要以接时完成”，但本题由于受ordered这个词的限制，应该选B。其中finish为should finish的省略形式。【正确解答】

　　B

　　4.(2017精选模拟) Most of the university students are confident __ they can get a good job with higher pay.

　　A. whether

　　B. that

　　C. where

　　D. when【错误解答】

　　A或C

　　【正确解答】

　　B

　　【特别提醒】

　　1.出at引导的宾语从句出at常用来引导宾语从句，通常that可以省略。

　　He has told me that he will go to Shanghaitomorrow．他已经告诉我他明天要去上海。

　　注意：在demand，order，suggest，decide等表示要求、命令、建议、决定等意义的动词后,hat从句 常用“(should)+动词原形”的结构。

　　2.wh-引导的宾语从句

　　I want to know what he has told you．我想知道他告诉了你什么。

　　3.形容词后所跟的宾语从句

　　某些动态形容词(afraid，confident，aware，certain，sure，doubtful等)在句中做表语时，后面可跟宾语从句。

　　例句:I am confident that I can get the job．我有信心我可以得到这份工作。

　　【变式探究】

　　1

　　We can’t figure out __ quite a number of insects, birds, and animals are dying out.

　　A.that

　　B. as

　　C. why

　　D. when

　　答案: C

　　解析:考查宾语从句，figureout意为“计算出”。动词和宾语从句之间明显要一个表示原因的关系副词why。

　　2

　　A modem city has been set up in __ was a waste- land ten years ago.

　　A. what

　　B. which

　　C. that

　　D. where

　　答案: A

　　解析:what此时作介词set up in的宾词并在宾词从句中充当主语。

　　3

　　Mr Smith suggested that all of the students __ their exercise books.A. handed in

　　B. should hand in

　　C. handing in

　　D. that hand in

　　答案: B

　　解析:尽管动词suggest用了过去式，但suggest后若跟宾语从句，则从句部分应用易错点点睛 3

　　that和wh-引导的主语从句及形式主语的几种主要句型

　　1.(2017精选模拟)After Yany Liwei succeeded in circling the earth,

　　our astronauts desire to do is walk in space.

　　A. where

　　B. what

　　C. that

　　D. how

　　【错误解答】

　　C或D

　　【错解分析】 本题考查主语从句。首先排除C，因为该主语从句缺成分，而that不充当任何成分的。where和 how只能充当状语成分，而本句缺少do的宾语，因此应选B.

　　【正确解答】

　　B

　　2.(2017精选模拟)

　　has been announced that we shall have our final exam next month.

　　A. As

　　B. It

　　C. What

　　D. That

　　【错误解答】

　　A或C

　　【错解分析】 考生误以为是定语从句，把that后的内容部分当作一句话用作先行词。如果改成: has been announced，we shall have our... ，用As尚可。本句应该用It充当形式主语，真正的主语是that之后的内容。

　　【正确解答】

　　B

　　3.(2017精选模拟) It is a shame __ we lost that expensive car.

　　A. that

　　B. when

　　C. as

　　D. if

　　【错误解答】

　　B或D

　　【错解分析】 很多考生不知道It在本句中作形式主语。本句实际上是It is／was a+名词+that结构。

　　【正确解答】

　　A

　　4.(2017精选模拟)_ seems to be a fact

　　he didn’t go to attend the meeting.

　　A. That;that

　　B. What;that

　　C. It;which

　　D. It;that

　　【错误解答】

　　A或B

　　【错解分析】 考生易误以为用that放在句首，来引导主语从句，事实上本题是“It 式主语形式。

　　That he passed the English test is true.→

　　It is true that he passed the English test.

　　(2)形式主语的四个主要句型

　　It + be + 名词 + that从句

　　It is a pity that...可惜的是，用于此句型的名词还有fact／shame／honor／question等。

　　It + be + 形容词 + that从句

　　It is certain that...很肯定，可用于此句型的形容词还有clear／better／natural／important／neeessary.

　　It + be + 动词的过去分词 + that从句

　　It is said that...据说，可用于此句型的过去分词还有believed／known／reported等。

　　It + 不及物动词 + that从句

　　如: It seems that...好像是……似乎……

　　可用于此句型的不及物动词还有happen，appear等。

　　【变式探究】

　　1

　　__ there is life on another planet is almost impossible.

　　A. How

　　B. That

　　C. why

　　D. Whether

　　答案: B

　　5

　　__ the hidden gun was needed

　　A. Where; discovering

　　B. When; to find

　　C. How much; finding

　　D. How, to discover

　　答案: A

　　解析:Where引导的是主语从句，后—空考查惯用法，need作“需要”讲时，后接动名词主动或被动结构。

　　易错点点睛 4

　　由that、wh-疑问词引导的表语从句及从属连词引导的表语从句、同位语从句

　　1.(2017精选模拟) A stroy goes __ Elizabeth I of England liked nothing more than being surrounded by clever and qualified noblemen at court.

　　A. when

　　B. where

　　C. what

　　D. that

　　【错误解答】

　　C

　　【错解分析】 同位语从句考查。本题若从句紧跟在 story后面，就比较容易看出成分，而为避免句子头重脚轻，把story与它的同位语分隔开了；where，when，what不引导同位语从句，故最佳选项为D。类似的句子还有: Word came that the Mayor would come to visit our school。

　　【正确解答】

　　D

　　2.(典型例题京)—Are you still thinking about yesterday’s game?

　　—oh, that’s __

　　A. what makes me feel excited

　　B. whatever feels me about

　　C. how I feel about it

　　D. when I feel excited

　　【错误解答】

　　C或D

　　4.(典型例题江) The question he asked was __ the electrical equipment should be stored.

　　A. what

　　B. which

　　C. where

　　D. because

　　【错误解答】

　　D

　　【错解分析】 考生忽略了题目所给予的信息，本题空缺处之后部分成分齐全，根据句意，可以用表地点的 where来引导表语从句，句意为“他问电力设备应安置在那儿”。

　　【正确解答】

　　C

　　5.(2017精选模拟) The question is

　　we should ask them for help.

　　A. that

　　B. whether

　　C. if

　　D. why

　　【错误解答】

　　C

　　【错解分析】 从句意角度不难看出应该填表示“是否，能否”这个含义的词，值得注意的是订不能引导表语从句，故选B。

　　【正确解答】

　　B

　　【特别提醒】

　　1.that引导的表语从句

　　基本结构:主语 + 系动词 + that从句例句:

　　The fact is that we have lost the game.

　　2.wh-疑问词引导的表语从句

　　That is why I tell you the news.那就是我为什么告诉你这个消息的原因。

　　3.从属连词as if,boecause,just as等引导的表语从句

　　It is because I have ever heard of the story.那是因为我曾经听说过这个故事。

　　4.同位语从句

　　同位语从句通常由that引导，可用于同位语从句的名词有advice，demand，doubt，fact，hope，idea， information，message，news，order，problem，promise， question，repuest，suggestion，truth，wish，word等。

　　【变式探究】

　　1

　　The reason she gave for not being present was __ the heavy snow prevented her 答案: C

　　解析:that引导同位语从句，中心问为possibility.

　　3

　　He doesn’t know

　　is

　　he was born.

　　A. that/where

　　B. that/what

　　C. where/that

　　D. what/where

　　答案: A

　　解析:that，where分别引导宾语从句，表语从句。

　　4

　　What she

　　wants

　　to

　　know

　　is

　　dress

　　she should buy.

　　A. that

　　B. what

　　C. which

　　D. why

　　答案: C

　　解析:本题考查表语从句用法，从句意看，应该是表选择关系，即“想买哪件衣服”。

　　5

　　He asked the question __ this material can stand high temperature.

　　A. what

　　B. why

　　C. whether

　　D. when

　　答案: C

　　解析:本题考查同位语从句，用whether引导，意为“这种材料能否耐高温”。

　　【难点突破】

　　难点 1

　　名词性从句中，从句部分的语序要用陈述语序，不能用疑问语序

　　1.(2017精选模拟)These photographs will show you

　　A. what our village looks like

　　B. what does our village look like

　　C. how our village look like

　　D. how does our village look like

　　【解析】 本题中空格部分明显作动词show的宾语，由于look like是及物动词短语，本句中缺少宾语，故应选用能充当宾语的what，排除C、D答案。在A、B答案中，由于what

　　【答案】 B

　　难点 3

　　Whether和if在名词性从句中的用法区别

　　3.

　　we’ll go camping next week depends on the weather.

　　A. If

　　B. Whether

　　C. That

　　D. Where

　　【解析】 尽管whether和if都作“如果，是否”理解，但订不能引导主语从句，同位语从句和表语从句，而 whether却可以引导。

　　【答案】 B

　　【变式探究】

　　1.

　　Can you tell me __ ?

　　A. who is that woman

　　B. who the woman is

　　C. whom is the woman

　　D. that woman is

　　答案: B

　　解析:who引导宾语从句，应用陈述语序。

　　2.

　　Father made a promise __ I passed the examination he would buy me a new dictionary.

　　A. that

　　B. if

　　C. whether

　　D. that if

　　答案: D

　　解析:that引导同位语从句，同位语从句中还包含一个if引导的条件状语从句。

　　3.

　　There is some doubt __ she will be able to repay the money on time.

　　A. that

　　B. if

　　C. what

　　D. whether

　　答案: D

　　解析:doubt意为“怀疑”，其后的从句只能用whether而不能用if引导。若前面有否定词，则用that引导。

　　【变式探究】【典型习题导练】

　　I．单项选择

　　1

　　The teacher demanded that our examination paper

　　handed in at once.

　　A. be

　　B. must be

　　C. would be

　　D. had to be

　　答案: A

　　解析:某些动词，如demand、suggest、order等后接 that从句时用should do结构，shouldwhomever，则从句缺少主语。

　　5

　　I’m sorry __ your mother is iii.

　　A. whom

　　B. if

　　C. that

　　D. how

　　答案: C

　　解析:主语+be+形容词+that...结构。

　　6

　　We think it important __ we should keep the balance of nature.

　　A. whether

　　B. what

　　C. that

　　D. which

　　答案: B

　　解析:that引导宾语从句后置，it为形式宾语。

　　7

　　I hope __ happy while you are here.

　　A. you to be

　　B. for your being

　　C. you will be

　　D. you being

　　答案: C

　　解析:希望某人做某事，不可用hope sb to do sth。hope后不接动名词结构，但可接宾语从句。

　　8

　　We all know the news

　　he told her.

　　A. to which

　　B. /

　　C. what

　　D. at that

　　答案: B

　　解析:定语从句。

　　9

　　Word has come __ some American guests will come for a visit to our college next week.

　　A. what

　　B. that

　　C. whether

　　D. when

　　答案: B

　　解析:同位词从句，that不充当成分。

　　10

　　Things were not __ they seemed to be.

　　A. what

　　B. because

　　C. that

　　D. where

　　12

　　The reason I plan to go is __ if I don’t.

　　A. because she will be disappointed

　　B. that she will be disappointed

　　C. because she will be disappointed

　　D. on account of she will have a disappointed

　　答案: B

　　解析:that引导表语从句

　　13

　　the old man’s sons wanted to know was __ the gold had been hidden.

　　A. That; what

　　B. What; where

　　C. What; that

　　D. What; if

　　答案: B

　　解析:What引导主语从句，Where引导表语从句。

　　14

　　__ knows the truth will tell you about it.

　　A. Who that

　　B. Whoever

　　C. Whom that

　　D. That who

　　答案: B

　　解析:Whoever引导主语从句。

　　15

　　It worried her a bit __ her hair was tunrning grey.

　　A. while

　　B. that

　　C. if

　　D. for

　　答案: B

　　18

　　The mountain is no longer __ it used to be.

　　A. which

　　B. that

　　C. as

　　D. what

　　答案: D

　　解析:what引导表语从句，同时作句子成分，此时不能用that。

　　19

　　We know little about the young lady except __

　　you told me.

　　A. what

　　B. that

　　C. how

　　D. /

　　答案: A

　　解析:what引导介词宾语从句，同时作told的宾语。

　　20

　　__ proves that my advice is right.

　　A. It will happen that

　　B. That has happened

　　C. What has happened

　　D. When it happened

　　答案: C

　　解析:what引导主语从句。

　　21

　　I know nothing about her except __ she is from Canada.

　　A. how

　　B. when

　　C. that

　　D. why

　　答案: C

　　解析:that作介词宾语从句。

　　22

　　What a pity__ is __you didn’t arrive by daylight.

　　A. there; because

　　B. it; that

　　C. he ;when

　　D. that; for

　　答案: B

　　解析:it充当形式主语，此句结构可还原成:It is a pity that...

　　23

　　__ we can? t get seems better than __ we have.

　　A. What; what

　　B. What; that

　　C. That; that

　　D. That; what

　　答案: A

　　27

　　It doesn’t matter

　　I rest or not.

　　A. if

　　B. whether

　　C. that

　　D. when

　　答案: B

　　解析:whether和or not连用，if则不可。

　　28

　　__ is still a secret when the president will make a public speech.

　　A. That

　　B. He

　　C. What

　　D. It

　　答案: D

　　解析:it充当形式主语。

　　29

　　It worried her a bit __ her hair was turning grey.

　　A. while

　　B. that

　　C. if

　　D. whether

　　答案: B

　　解析:that引导主语从句，it此时为形式主语。

　　30

　　__ breaks the law should be punished.

　　A. No matter who

　　B. Whoever

　　C. All

　　D. Who

　　答案: B

　　解析:whoever引导主语从句，no matter who虽语 意相同，但不能引导主语从句。

　　31

　　__ is to practise using English often.

　　A. That you should do

　　B. Which you should do

　　C. What you should do

　　D. Whatever you do

　　答案: C

　　解析:what引导主语从句。

　　32

　　I believe

　　you’ve done your best and__ things will be proved.

　　A. that;/

　　B./;/

　　C. what;that D./;that

　　35

　　The suggestion __ students should learn some practical English is worth considering.

　　A. if

　　B. which

　　C. /

　　D. that

　　答案: D

　　解析:同位语从句。

　　36

　　__ they don’t like us is very clear.

　　A. What

　　B. That

　　C. Which

　　D. Where

　　答案: B

　　解析:that引导主语从句，可省，因为主语成分齐全。

　　37

　　__ yon’ve all had a wonderful vacation.

　　A. It would be good that

　　B. It is good that

　　C. It was good that

　　D. It will be good that

　　答案: B

　　解析:It is／was + 形容词 + that结构。

　　38

　　__ the headmaster is not coming to the sports meeting.

　　A. It sems that

　　B. It seem that

　　C. It seems

　　D. It seemed

　　答案: A

　　解析:It seems／seemed that…结构。

　　39

　　Has it been announced __ the planes are to take off?

　　A. when

　　B. if

　　C. which

　　D. what

　　答案: A

　　43

　　—I missed a word here in the sentence.

　　—Well, that’s __ you were mistaken.

　　A. when

　　B. what

　　C. where

　　D. why

　　答案: D

　　解析:where引导表语从句。

　　44

　　There are three books on the desk. I don’t know

　　one he will choose.

　　A. whose

　　B. which

　　C. that what

　　D. what

　　答案: C

　　解析:表选择关系。

　　45

　　The old man was shocked by

　　had happened to her son.

　　A. whom

　　B. which

　　C. what

　　D. that

　　答案: C

　　解析:what作介词宾语。

　　46

　　Never take __ for granted that I will help you.

　　A. that

　　B. it

　　C. which

　　D. that

　　答案: B

　　解析:it在本句中充当形式宾语，that后的从句才是真正宾语。

　　47

　　Jack said __ to meet the American friends.

　　A. he pleased

　　B. he is pleased

　　D. this blue one is

　　答案: D

　　解析:名词性从句中从句部分要用陈述语序。

　　50

　　It depends on __ we have enough time.

　　A. if

　　B. ff or not

　　C. that

　　D. whether

　　答案: D

　　解析:if 不能引导主语从句，表语从句和宾语从句，当表达“是否”时只能用whether。

　　Ⅱ.完型填空

　　One afternoon I was sitting at my favorite table in a restaurant, waiting for the food I had ordered to arrive. Suddenly I

　　51

　　that a man sitting at a table near the window kept glancing in my direction,

　　52

　　he knew me. The man had a newspaper

　　53

　　in front of him, which he was

　　54

　　to read,but I could

　　55

　　that he was keeping an eye on me. when the waiter brought my

　　56

　　the man was clearly puzzled(困惑) by the

　　57

　　way in which the waiter and I

　　58

　　each other. He seened even more puzzled as

　　59 went on and it became

　　60

　　that all the waiters in the restaurant knew me. Finally he got.

　　Up and went into the

　　61

　　. When he came out,he paid his bill and

　　62

　　without another glance in my direction. I called the owner of the restaurant and asked what the man had

　　63

　　. “Well,”he said, “that man ws a detective (侦探). He

　　64 you here because he though you were the man he

　　65

　　”. “what?”I said,showing my

　　66

　　. The owner continued, “He came into the kitchen and showed me a photo of the wanted man. I

　　67

　　say he looked very much like you ! Of course, since we know you, we told him that he had madea

　　68

　　.” “Well,it’s really

　　69

　　Icametoa restaurant where I’m known,”I said. “

　　70

　　,I might have been in trouble.”

　　51. A. knew

　　B. understood

　　C. noticed

　　D. recognized

　　答案: C

　　答案: A

　　解析:表示看到的结果用see，不用find。

　　56. A. menu

　　B. bill

　　C. paper

　　D. food

　　答案: D

　　60. A. true

　　B. hopeful

　　C. clear

　　D. possible

　　答案: C

　　解析:clear意为“明显”，此处只有clear符合语境。

　　61. A. restaurant

　　B. washroom C. office

　　D. kitchen

　　答案: D

　　解析:下文有提示。

　　62. A. left

　　B. acted

　　C. sat down

　　D. calmed down

　　答案: A

　　答案: B

　　解析:细节推理题。

　　67. A. must

　　B. can

　　C. need

　　D. may

　　答案: A

　　Ⅲ．短文改错

　　此题要求改正所给短文中的错误。对标有题号的每一行作出判断：如无错误，在该行右边横线上画一个勾 (√)；如有错误(每行只有一个错误)，则按下列情况改正：

　　此行多一个词：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉，在该行右边横线上写出该词，并也用斜线划掉。

　　此行缺一个词：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(＾)，在该行右边横线上写出该加的词。

　　此行错一个词：在错的词下画横线，在该行右边横线上写出改正后的词。

　　注意：原行没有错的不要改。

　　Dear friends,

　　It is real a good chance to have met all of you here.

　　71

　　答案: real改为really

　　We have spent several precious weekend in learning in the

　　72

　　答案: weekend改为weekends

　　English Club, Although we have been members for a short

　　73

　　答案: 正确

　　period of time, we have made a great progress,That is

　　74

　　答案: 去掉a

　　because we are all very much active and the activities are not

　　75

　　答案: 去掉much

　　only enjoyable and also helpful. Besides, the foreign teachers

　　76

　　答案: and改为but

　　here work hard and try his best to make the activities

　　77

　　答案: his改为their

　　lively and interested. I am very pleased to say that all of

　　78

　　答案: interested改为interesting

　　us greatly improved our spoken English so far. I am

　　79

　　答案: us后加上have

　　looking forward to see all of you again in the near future !

　　8O

　　答案: see改为seeing

　　Thank you.