请根据下面的提示，以“南极洲Antarctica”为题写一篇短文(词数：100词左右)。 1. 南极洲在地球的最南端(extreme south)； 2. 它的面积大约14万平方公里； 3. 它是世界上最寒冷的地方，常年有冰雪覆盖； 4. 它的自然资源有企鹅 (penguin)、鲸(whale)、铁、煤等； 5. 目前还只有一些科学工作者在那里。 范文背诵 Antarctica
Antarctica, which is the coldest continent in the world, lies in the extreme south of the earth.
It has an area of about 140，000 square kilometers.
It is covered with cold thick ice and deep snow all year long．But it is a very rich continent．
It has many well-known animals
such as penguins, whales and it is
also rich in mineral resources
including iron, coal and so on．Up to
now only some visiting scientists live there．Maybe one day lots of
households will live there.
句型背诵
①Antarctica, which is the coldest continent in the world, lies in the extreme south of the earth.
②It is covered with cold thick ice and deep snow all year long.
③Up to now only some visiting scientists live there． 1. _____ adj. 每年的；按年度计算的；n. 年刊；年鉴→ _____ adv.年度地；每年地 2. _____ n.住所；住宿→ _____ v.能容纳；能供留宿 3. _____ prep.在……对面；adj.相对的；相反的→ _____ n. 反对，敌对；抵抗→ _____ adv.相反地 4. _____ n.深（度）；深处→ _____ adj. 深的；深刻的→ _____ adv.深深地；强烈地；非常地 5. _____ vt. 催促；极力主张；驱策→ _____ n. 紧急；迫切→ _____ adj.急迫的，迫切的，紧急的 6. _____ vt. 放弃；抛弃；遗弃→ _____ adj. 放纵的；堕落的→ _____ n.放弃 7. _____ n. 关系；血缘关系；交往→ _____ n. 关系；关联→ _____ adj. 比较上的；相对的 8. _____ n.保护；保存→ _____ v.保存；保护 → _____ adj.保守的；保守主义的 句型背诵 ①It is said that slightly more than 50% 9. _____ vt. 思考；映射；反射;vi.思考→ _____ n. 反射；回响→ _____ adj.反射的；反省的 10. _____ adj. 意识到的；知道的 → _____ n. 觉察；自觉，觉悟 11. _____ adj.好的；整齐的；匀称的 → _____ adv. 整洁地；干净地 12. _____ adj. 狭窄的；有限的；狭隘的 → _____ adv. 仅仅；勉强地 答案：1. annual; annually2. accommodation; accommodate 3. opposite; opposition; oppositely4. depth; deep; deeply 5. urge; urgency; urgent6. abandon; abandoned; abandonment 7. relationship; relation; relative 8. conservation; conserve; conservative 9. reflect; reflection; reflective10. aware; awareness 11. neat; neatly12. narrow; narrowly 1. _____ the sea
海底世界 2. _____ the internet
在网上 3. sort _____
分类 4. yell _____
大声喊出 5. ahead _____
在……前面 6. have ... _____
穿……衣服 7. lead sb. _____
引领某人到…… 8. draw _____
靠近 9. a pack _____
一包 10. _____ that moment
正在那时 11. aim _____
瞄准 12. let ... _____
让……离开 13. bring _____
收回； 引进 14. take _____
继承；接管；占据 15. help（...） _____
帮助（某人）摆脱困境或危难 16. upside_______
上下翻转 答案：1. under
2. on
3. out
4. out
5. of
6. on
7. to 8. closer
9. of 10. at 11. at 12. go 13. in 14. over 15. out16. down 1. I ____ _____
heard that George didn’t like being kept waiting, ____ ____ ____
I didn’t have the right clothes on, I raced after him.
我以前就听说过，乔治不喜欢等人，所以尽管我还没有穿上合适的衣服，就跟在他后面跑起来。 2.____
James’s____ , I____ _____
he was terrified of being abandoned by us. 从詹姆斯的脸上我能看出他非常恐慌，生怕被我们遗弃。 答案：1. had already; so even though2. From; face; could see 1. witness vt.当场见到；目击n.目击者；证人；证据 I witnessed an accident on my way home yesterday. 昨天我在回家的路上目击到一场事故。 He witnessed to having seen the man enter the room. 他作证说他看到那个人进入房间。 The police found the witness to the murder case. 警察找到了这件谋杀案的证据。 The old man
witnessed for（=gave witness to） an accused person. 那位老人为被告作证。 用法点拨： witness 作名词时①当表示“某人某事的证据或证人”时，该所 属关系用介词to,不用of 。类似于the key to
question，即：a witness to sb./sth. ②当表示“为……作证;证明……”时， 用bear/give witness to... ③上述to均为介词。 witness 作动词时①表示“为……作证”时，用witness for... ②表示“作证证明发生了……”时， 用witness to sth./doing sth. 【速记名片】 一石四鸟之句 The witness(目击者) who witnessed（目击） the accident bore witness（作证） to the police and promised to be a witness（证人） to the accident. 目击了这场事故的目击者向警察提供证据并答应做证人。 【即学即练】
完成句子 ①我们聚集在一起见证历史，观看教师克里斯塔·麦考利夫历史性的飞行。
We all came ____ _____
history and watch the historic flight of teacher Christa McAuliffe. ②他作证证明看到那个男人进入这个建筑物。 He____ ____
having seen the man enter the building. ③在世无朋友,死后无证人。 Life without a friend is death_____ ____ _____ . 答案：①to witness②witnessed to③without a witness 2. urge vt. 催促；极力主张；驱策 【联想拓展】 urgency
n.紧急；迫切；急迫
urgent
adj.紧急的；急迫的;执拗的 We Chinese people have persistently urged the equality of nations big or small. 我们中国人民一贯坚决主张国无大小应一律平等。 Mother urged me not to tell you anything about it． 妈妈要求我什么也不要对你说。 常用结构： urge sb. on sth.=urge on sb. sth. 力劝/催促某人做某事 urge sb. to do sth. =urge sb. into doing sth.激励/怂恿某人做某事 have an urge to do sth.迫切要求做某事 urge that...=It is urged that...极力主张（用虚拟语气，即should+动词原形） 【即学即练】
完成句子 ①他们怂恿我吃那种奇怪的食物。 They____ me ____ eat the strange food. ②他挥挥手似乎在鼓励我们前进。 He waved his hand as if_____
us on. ③她主张我应该向他道歉。 She____ _____
I (should) apologize to him. ④他们坚持他们所提出的要求。 They
in their demands. 答案：①urged;to②urge③urged that④were urgent 3. abandon vt. 遗弃；抛弃；放弃 【联想拓展】 abandoned adj. 放荡的，放纵的，无拘束的 I’m sorry I abandoned you like that. 很抱歉我那样突然抛下你走了。 We will never abandon our principles. 我们应该坚持原则。 People were shouting and cheering with abandon. 人们兴高采烈，纵情欢呼。 常用结构： abandon oneself to沉湎于……;纵情于…… abandon doing sth.放弃做某事 with abandon放纵地 【即学即练】
完成句子 ①他们沉湎于饮酒。 They ____ ____ ____ ____ . ②不要悲观失望。 Don’t ____ ____ ____ ____ . 答案：①abandon themselves to drinking ②abandon yourself to despair
【速记名片】 一石三鸟之句 The boy was abandoned by his mother. Eventually the abandoned boy was found wandering in the street, abandoning himself to despair. 那个男孩被他的妈妈抛弃了。后来有人发现这个被抛弃的孩子在大街上流浪，他已陷入了绝境。 【易混辨析】 abandon/desert/forsake abandon 强调永远或完全放弃人或事物等；可能是被迫的，也可能是自愿的。 desert 着重指违背法律责任和义务或自己的信仰与誓言的行为，多含非难的意味。 forsake 通常表示与某人或某物脱离关系或戒掉坏习惯。 【即学即练】 用abandon, desert, forsake的适当形式填空 ③Jackson has_____
his old car. ④The police are looking for a woman who _____ her children.
⑤She has_____
her boyfriend. 答案：③abandoned④deserted⑤forsaken 4. aware
adj. 意识到的；知道的 He was not aware of his failure. 他没意识到自己的失败。 I am too sleepy to be aware how cold it is.
我太困了，以致没觉察到天气那么冷。
常用结构： be／become aware of sth．意识到某事 be aware that-clause知道……；意识到…… make sb．aware that-clause提醒某人注意…… make sb．aware of...让某人注意到…… as far as I’m aware据我所知 【即学即练】
完成句子 ①他没有意识到危险。 He wasn’t ____ ____
the danger． ②她知道我要来吗? Is she ____ ____
I’m coming? 答案：①aware of②aware that
温馨提示：aware adj.
意为“知道的，明白的，意识到”， 即having knowing。通常作表语或补足语，不作定语，后接that从句或of 介词短语。aware后跟名词性从句时，一般在从句前不能用of，但在what从句前必须用of。 5. hang v.挂，吊；绞死；低垂；下垂
Big lights hung from the ceiling. 天花板上吊着几盏大吊灯。 The branches hung down and touched the water. 树枝低垂，下拂水面。 常用结构： hang back踌躇不前，退缩 hang down下垂，低下头 hang on to紧紧握住；坚持下去 hang about=hang around徘徊，荡来荡去 hang up挂，吊；拖延；终止；挂断电话 【即学即练】
完成句子 ①预算问题使得该工程推迟了几个月。 Budget problems_____ _____
the project for months. ②那个男孩羞愧地低下了头。 The boy_____
his head in shame. 答案：①hung up ②hung 【速记名片】 hang动词时态的两种变化为：规则的“绞死”，不规则的“悬挂”即： hang-hung-hung 悬挂 hang-hanged-hanged绞死；上吊 【即学即练】 单项填空 ③The picture_____
on the wall is painted by my nephew.
A. having hung
B. hanging
C. hangs
D. being hung 解析：选B。考查现在分词作定语的用法。根据句意“墙上挂的那幅画是我侄子画的”可知，空白处所填的动词形式在句中作定语，表说话时仍在进行的动作或所处的状态。解题关键在于分析picture与hang之间的逻辑关系。 6. throw oneself out of
跃出 【联想拓展】 throw oneself at冲向 throw oneself into投身手；积极从事 throw away扔掉 throw up呕吐 throw sb. into prison把某人投入监狱 throw at对准向……扔去(希望击中) throw to向……(方向)扔去 【即学即练】
完成句子 ①那个人突然跃出水面说“我在这儿”。 The man suddenly _____ himself _____
the water and said “I’m here”. ②我们满怀热情地投入到准备工作中。 We ____ ourselves_____
the preparations with enthusiasm. ③他突然被投入监狱。 He was _____ _____
prison. 答案：①threw; out of②threw; into③thrown into 7. bring in带来; 获利，赚；求援；求助；引进 【联想拓展】 bring about changes引起变化 bring along把……带来
bring back归还;把……送回；使回忆起 bring down使倒下；降低；减少 bring on使前进；使发生，导致 bring out取出，说出；出版 bring up教育；抚养；呕吐；提出 【即学即练】
完成句子 ①他上个月介绍了六位新会员。 He_____ _____ six new members last month. ②飞行员把失灵的飞机降落在田野里。 The pilot____
his crippled plane_____
in a field. ③这张旧照片引起了许多回忆。 The old photo____ ____
many memories. 答案：①brought in②brought down③brought back 单项填空 ④You can hardly imagine the difficulty the woman had_____
her children. A. brought up
B. to bring up C. bringing up
D. to have brought up 解析:选C。本题中的the woman had为定语从句修饰difficulty，意为“在……方面的困难”即have difficulty in doing sth.句型，其中in可省。 8. It was a time when the killer whales, or “killers” as they were then called, helped the whalers catch the baleen whales that were on their annual migration.(P19)那个时期，虎鲸（当时被称为“杀手”）帮助捕鲸人在每年须鲸迁徙时捕捉须鲸。 It was/is a time when... 曾经一度（那时） It was a time when motorcars were rare.那是汽车很罕见的时代。 It was a time when she could not bear the pain and wanted to kill herself.她曾经无法忍受病痛，想结束自己的生命。 温馨提示：It’s time...句型是中学英语里使用频率较高的句型，其意为“该是……的时候了”。用法灵活多变，现就其有关句式归纳如下：
(1)It’s time for+n.该是（干）……的时候了 (2)It’s time+(for sb.) to do sth. 该是（某人）干……的时候了 (3)It’s time + that-clause 时，that可省略，time可由high,about修饰，从句中的谓语动词有两种形式：用动词的过去式(be用were)； 或者用should+动词原形（should不能省略)。此句型为虚拟语气句型，表示“现在某人该做某事了”。含有该事早该去做而未做，现在去做似乎都为时已晚的意思。 (4)It’s+ the+序数词+time +to do sth. 表示某人第几次做某事。
(5)It’s+the+序数词+time+thatclause.表示某人第几次做某事。
【即学即练】 完成句子 ①曾经没人能理解我的计划和雄心。
_____ ____ ____ ____ _____no one could understand my plan and ambition. ②现在这一社区的人们相互帮助，和谐相处。 ____ ____ _____ ____ _____
people in the community would like to help each other and live harmoniously. 答案：①It was a time when
②It is a time when Ⅰ. 单词拼写 1. The people expressed their _d___ that they long for peace. 2. He was _a___ from the meeting this morning because of his illness. 3. Nothing can _p___ her to change her mind once it is made up. 4. Children under 14 must be _a___ by adult. 5. The branches are so high that they are out of my _r___ . 6. The war came to an end, to the____ (满意) of everybody. 7. The monitor ____ (宣布)that there would be an English party this Friday. 8. I have been a prisoner, so I have a lot of ____(同情心)with other people in prison. 9. My sister has a ____ (天赋) for music. 10. He has ____(低级的) position in the company. 答案：1. desire2. absent3. persuade4. accompanied 5. reach6. satisfaction7. declared8. sympathy 9. talent10. junior 1. There was a roadblock straight ____ us. 2. Women ____ often more ____ their feelings than men. 3. I’ll phone for a taxi. ____, you must get packed. 4. They were ____ by the terrible snowstorm. 5. The cook’s ill, so I am ____ this week. 6. They met ____ wolves in the forest. 7. We’ve got a few little problems ____ . 8. Everything is ____ in his house.
答案：1. ahead of
2. are; aware of
3. In the meantime 4. scared to death
5. helping out
6. a pack of 7. to sort out
8. upside down Ⅱ. 用方框内所给短语的适当形式填空 ahead of/in the meantime/help out/be aware of/upside down/scare to death/sort out/a pack of Ⅲ. 完成句子 1. I ____ ____ ____ ____ （打算） give up when the good news came.
2. The broken bike was found ____ （遗弃）by the river side.
3. We heard the bell ____ （敲）2 o’ clock in the distance.
4. ____ ____ （花费） him three hours to do his homework everyday. 5. He ____ （深思）that he had no right to do this.
6. I ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ （一点也不怕）him.
7. I ____ ____ ____ （很清楚）that he is the one I should turn to. 8. Everything in the room was ____ ____ ____ （乱七八糟）.
9. You shall
it ____ ____ （挂起）where we all can see it. 答案：1. was about ready to
2. abandoned
3. striking 4. It takes
5. reflected
6. am not a bit scared of 7.am well aware
8. turned upside down
9. put;up Ⅳ. 单项填空 1. —I don’t think this TV set is of good quality. Can you replace it with a new one?
— ____ . But I have to talk to my manager first. A. I’m sorryB. No way
C. No problemD. That’s a question
解析：选A。考查情景对话。一方说电视机有问题想要换一部，而另一方对这个消息感到抱歉，回答应为I’m sorry。 2. One of the judges ____ to Gana’s film festival was a famous artist from China, Zhang Ziyi. A. invited
B. to invite
C. had been invited
D. being invited
解析：选A。invited to Gana’s film festival 是过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰the judges。 3. I was scared ____ when I saw the tiger jumped out of the cage and ran to the little child.
A. to the death
B. of death
C. into the death
D. to death
解析：选D。短语 (be) scared to death意为“吓死了”。
4. Please post this letter in the post office nearby, and____ , I will get two tickets in the train station.
A. in meantime
B. on the meanwhile C. in meanwhile
D. in the meantime
解析：选D。in the meantime同时，在此期间。 5. Don’t turn the room_____ , as I have just tidied it. A. upside down
B. inside
C. outside
D. inside down 解析：选A。upside down 乱七八糟，上下颠倒。 6. Most parents are not_____
the danger of their babies’ eating jelly, which causes most unfortunate incidents to happen. A. well aware to B. very aware of
C. aware that D. well aware of
解析：选D。be well aware of意为“清楚地意识到”。 7. Wang Gang is considering buying a computer, _____ is considered to be a great help in our work and study.
A. as
B. which
C. that
D. what 解析：选B。考查非限制性定语从句。后面的非限制性定语从句修饰the computer，故用which引导。 8. As we grow up, it always____
that after we give something up, we gain something new in its place. A. suggests
B. promises
C. requires
D. seems 解析：选D。依据语境应选seems。it seems that 意为“看起来好像”；而it suggests that意为“它表明/暗示”。 9. They____
the____
snake by using a special kind of powder.
A. poisoned; poisoned
B. poisoned; poisonous
C. poisonous; poisoned
D. poisonous; poison 解析：选B。poison 用作动词时，意为“毒死，毒害”；poisonous是形容词，意为“有毒的”。 10. I need time to_____
on what you offered.
A. consider
B. reflect
C. imagine
D. suggest
解析：选B。reflect 与on 搭配，意为“思考，反思”。 11. While shopping, people sometimes can’t help_____
into buying something they don’t really need. A. to persuade B. persuading C. being persuaded D. be persuaded
解析：选C。can’t help doing sth. 情不自禁做某事。 12. Getting a notebook to help you keep a schedule of the things will
_____you putting things off. A. stop
B. keep
C. make
D. allow 解析：选A。stop sb. (from) doing sth.和keep sb. from doing 都意为“阻止某人做某事”，与stop搭配时，from 可以省略，但与keep搭配时from不能省略。如省略，意思就变为“使某人一直做某事”。 13. Can you imagine a person _____ in the institutional revolution for doing nothing wrong? A. putting into prison
B. to stay in the prison C. being put into prison
D. to put into prison 解析：选C。imagine (sb.) doing 想像（某人）做某事。 14. —I’m dead tired. I can’t walk any farther, Jenny.
—_____, Tommy. You can do it! A. No problem
B. No hurry C. Come on
D. That’ s OK 解析：选C。come on 意为“加油”。